GB1587400A

GB1587400A - Pipe seal

Info

Publication number: GB1587400A
Application number: GB17994/78A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Fredriksen & Co Ltd A S
Current assignee: Fredriksen & Co Ltd A S
Priority date: 1977-05-13
Filing date: 1978-05-05
Publication date: 1981-04-01
Also published as: NO771715L

Description

(54) PIPE SEAL (71) We, A/S FREDRIKSEN & Co, LTD, a Norwegian Company, of Grefsenveien 26, Oslo 4, Norway, do hereby dedare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the-method by which it is to be performed, to be particu larly described in and by the following state ment :- This invention relates to a seal for sealing a pipe passing through a hole in a wall.

Throughout this specification, the term pipe should be taken to include similar cylindrical objects such as ducts, and the term "wall" should be taken to include similar plate-like members such as floors, bulkheads and decks.

A known type of pipe seal requires the pipe to be provided with a flange which is arranged within a hole in a wall and which flange lies flush with the wall on both sides.

On each side of the flange (and hence the wall), resilient annular discs are provided.

These resilient annular discs are urged towards the wall and the flange by means of rigid annular discs and bolts. This type of seal is very expensive and complicated to produce if it is to have the desired effect.

This is because, firstly, the flange must have practically the same thickness as the wall. Secondly, the flange must be most -accurately adapted to the wall, that is to say it must be welded onto the pipe after the pipe has been installed. Thirdly, the resilient and rigid annular discs have to be mounted on the pipe at each side of the wall, and this must be done before any coupling flanges are welded onto the pipe. Moreover, if any of the sealing members are to be exchanged, it is necessary to take the pipe out of service and to remove the coupling flanges. Another disadvantage of such a seal is that it offers hardly any possibility of pipe movement in relation to the wall, for example movement due to thermal expansion or vibrations.

When the possibility of movement between the wall and the pipe is required, it has been suggested to modify this seal by providing a bellows-like member between the wall and the pipe. For fire resistant utilisation however the bellows is preferably made from steel.

Unfortunately, this type df seal still requires the pipe to be provided with a flange, and this means that the bellows has to be pushed onto the pipe before the pipe is installed.

Replacement of the bellows, for example in case of mechanical damage, generally requires dismantling the pipe and flange' For certain applications such a bellows, furthermore, is not sufficiently fire resistant, steel losing too much of its strength at the temperatures it may often be subjected to in a fire at say an oil refinery or on an oil rig.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the deficiencies and disadvantages of the known types of pipe seal, to provide a seal that can be installed nd replaced in a simple manner, and which is inexpensive in production.

The present invention provides a seal for sealing a pipe as hereinbefore defined, passing through a hole in a wall, as hereinbefore defined the seal comprising a sleevelike member and a collar, the sleeve-like member being, in use, sealingly - attached to the wall in or adjacent to said hole, the sleeve-like member being such as to project from the wall at least on one side of the wall, and such that the pipe can pass therethrough, the collar being formed from a laminar sheet material, the edges of the laminar sheet material which extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve-like member being rolled or folded together, one end of the collar being placed around the projecting portion of the sleeve-like member and attached thereto by first clamping means, the other end of the collar being attached, in use, to the pipe by second clamping means.

The laminar sheet material may be provided with an outer layer made of a fire resistant quartz textile material. Advantageously, the laminar sheet material further comprises a sealing and reinforcing portion within said outer layer. Preferably, the sealing and reinforcing portion is constituted by a glass fibre reinforced fluorine-containing synthetic resin layer and by an aluminiumcovered glass fibre matting layer.

Advantageously, the fibres of the quartz textile material contain at least 99 9%, and preferably at least 99-98 %, of SiO2.

The rolled or folded edges of the laminar sheet material may be stitched together.

Advantageously, the space limited, in use, by the sleeve-like member, the pipe and the collar is filled with an insulating material, such as ceramic wool.

A seal constructed in accordance with the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a part-sectional side elevation of the seal, shown in position sealing a pipe passing through a hole in a wall; and Figure 2 is a cross-section taken on the line II--II of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a wall 1, a pipe 2 extending through a hole in the wall, and the seal of the invention on one side of the wall. A similar seal can be provided on the opposite side of the wall (not shown).

A cylindrical sleeve-like member 3 is inserted into the hole in the wall 1, the member 3 being sealingly secured to the wall by a weld 4. If desired, the sleeve 3 can extend through the hole to project on the opposite side of the wall. It is also possible for the sleeve 3 to have a larger diameter than that of the hole in the wall 1, in which case it can be secured by welding outside the hole.

The pipe 2 is passed through the sleeve 3, and the interior sleeve diameter being large enough for any coupling flanges or the like on the pipe to pass therethrough.

The sealing member of the seal comprises a collar 5, formed by applying a laminar sheet material around the projecting portion of the sleeve 3 and the pipe 2. The edges of the sheet fonning the collar 5 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 2 are rolled or folded, for example, as shown in Figure 2.

The rolled/folded edges can, if desired, be stitched together, for example, as shown at 6, and the fold itself can be stitched to the sheet, for example, as shown at 7.

After these folding and stitching operations, the collar 5 is clamped onto the sleeve 3 and the pipe 2 by clamping means, such as hose clamps 8, whereby the opening between the sleeve and the pipe is sealed.

The laminar sheet material of the collar 5 is resilient and is provided with an external, fire-resistance quartz textile material 9.

'By providing a very high quartz content in this material, a fire resistance hitherto unknown in this type of seal, can be achieved, By using quartz fibres having a SiO2 content of at least 99.9 %, and prefeably at least 99 98 %, this seal still has sufficient strength to fulfil its sealing function at temperatures above 1600"C. The laminar sheet material also has a sealing layer 10, constituted by a glass-fibre-reinforced fluorine-containing resin, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and an innermost layer 11 constituted by a reinforcing fibre glass matting coated with aluminium on the inside. Because of its reflecting ability the aluminium serves as a heat insulator.

The external fire resistant layer 9 of the collar 5 can be folded back under the reinforcing layer 11 along the edges of the sheet (see Figure 1), all three layers 9, 10 and 11 being stitched together with a seam 12.

In order to improve the heat insulating quality of the seal, the space between the sleeve 3, the pipe 2 and the collar 5 may be filled with an insulating material. For achieving the best temperature resistance possible an insulating material that has no organic components, preferably a ceramic wool, is used.

In several application of the seal it is advantageous to provide identical seals on each side of the wall. Thus, the insulating material between each sleeve 3 and the pipe 2 is kept in place in a better manner, and the sealing quality will be maintained even if one of the seals should be destroyed.

It will be apparent that the seal described above can be produced and installed in a very simple and inexpensive manner and can be replaced without any need for dis- mantling the pipe or taking the pipe out of service.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A seal for sealing a pipe, as hereinbefore defined passing through a hole in a wall, as hereinbefore defined the seal comprising a sleeve-like member and a collar, the sleevelike member being, in use, sealingly attached to the wall in or adjacent to said hole, the sleeve-like member being such as to pro-.

ject from the wall at least on one side of the wall, and such that the pipe can pass therethrough, the collar being formed from a laminar sheet material, the edges of the lamnar sheet material which extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve-like member being rolled or folded together, one end of the collar being placed around the projecting portion of the sleevelike member and attached thereto by first clamping means, the other end of the collar being attached, in use, to the pipe by second clamping means.

2. A seal as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the laminar sheet material is provided with an outer layer made of a fire resistant quartz textile material.

3. A seal as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the laminar sheet material further comprises a sealing and reinforcing portion within said outer layer.

4. A seal as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the sealing and reinforcing portion is constituted by a glass fibre reinforced fiuorine-

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. textile material contain at least 99 9%, and preferably at least 99-98 %, of SiO2. The rolled or folded edges of the laminar sheet material may be stitched together. Advantageously, the space limited, in use, by the sleeve-like member, the pipe and the collar is filled with an insulating material, such as ceramic wool. A seal constructed in accordance with the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a part-sectional side elevation of the seal, shown in position sealing a pipe passing through a hole in a wall; and Figure 2 is a cross-section taken on the line II--II of Figure 1. Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a wall 1, a pipe 2 extending through a hole in the wall, and the seal of the invention on one side of the wall. A similar seal can be provided on the opposite side of the wall (not shown). A cylindrical sleeve-like member 3 is inserted into the hole in the wall 1, the member 3 being sealingly secured to the wall by a weld 4. If desired, the sleeve 3 can extend through the hole to project on the opposite side of the wall. It is also possible for the sleeve 3 to have a larger diameter than that of the hole in the wall 1, in which case it can be secured by welding outside the hole. The pipe 2 is passed through the sleeve 3, and the interior sleeve diameter being large enough for any coupling flanges or the like on the pipe to pass therethrough. The sealing member of the seal comprises a collar 5, formed by applying a laminar sheet material around the projecting portion of the sleeve 3 and the pipe 2. The edges of the sheet fonning the collar 5 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 2 are rolled or folded, for example, as shown in Figure 2. The rolled/folded edges can, if desired, be stitched together, for example, as shown at 6, and the fold itself can be stitched to the sheet, for example, as shown at 7. After these folding and stitching operations, the collar 5 is clamped onto the sleeve 3 and the pipe 2 by clamping means, such as hose clamps 8, whereby the opening between the sleeve and the pipe is sealed. The laminar sheet material of the collar 5 is resilient and is provided with an external, fire-resistance quartz textile material 9. 'By providing a very high quartz content in this material, a fire resistance hitherto unknown in this type of seal, can be achieved, By using quartz fibres having a SiO2 content of at least 99.9 %, and prefeably at least 99 98 %, this seal still has sufficient strength to fulfil its sealing function at temperatures above 1600"C. The laminar sheet material also has a sealing layer 10, constituted by a glass-fibre-reinforced fluorine-containing resin, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and an innermost layer 11 constituted by a reinforcing fibre glass matting coated with aluminium on the inside. Because of its reflecting ability the aluminium serves as a heat insulator. The external fire resistant layer 9 of the collar 5 can be folded back under the reinforcing layer 11 along the edges of the sheet (see Figure 1), all three layers 9, 10 and 11 being stitched together with a seam 12. In order to improve the heat insulating quality of the seal, the space between the sleeve 3, the pipe 2 and the collar 5 may be filled with an insulating material. For achieving the best temperature resistance possible an insulating material that has no organic components, preferably a ceramic wool, is used. In several application of the seal it is advantageous to provide identical seals on each side of the wall. Thus, the insulating material between each sleeve 3 and the pipe 2 is kept in place in a better manner, and the sealing quality will be maintained even if one of the seals should be destroyed. It will be apparent that the seal described above can be produced and installed in a very simple and inexpensive manner and can be replaced without any need for dis- mantling the pipe or taking the pipe out of service. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

1. A seal for sealing a pipe, as hereinbefore defined passing through a hole in a wall, as hereinbefore defined the seal comprising a sleeve-like member and a collar, the sleevelike member being, in use, sealingly attached to the wall in or adjacent to said hole, the sleeve-like member being such as to pro-.

containing synthetic resin layer and by an aluminium-covered glass fibre matting layer.

5. A seal as claimed in any one of Claims 2 to 4, wherein the fibres of the quartz textile material contain at least 99.9 % of Six2.

6. A seal as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the fibres of the quartz textile material contain at least 99-98 % of SiO2.

7. A seal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rolled or folded edges of the laminar sheet material are stitched together.

8. A seal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the space limited, in use, by the sleeve-like member, the pipe and the collar is filled with an insulating material.

9. A seal as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the insulating material is ceramic wool.

10. A seal as claimed in in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve-like member projects on both sides of the wall, and wherein a respective collar is provided for each of said projecting portions, each collar being provided with respective first and second clamping means and having the features defined in any one of Claims 1 to 9.

11. A seal for a pipe passing through a hole in a wall, the seal being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as illustrated by, the accompanying drawings.

12. A pipe whenever sealed, with respect to a wall through which it passes via a hole in the wall, by means of a seal as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 11.