GB1582932A - Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers - Google Patents
Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1582932A GB1582932A GB1523/78A GB152378A GB1582932A GB 1582932 A GB1582932 A GB 1582932A GB 1523/78 A GB1523/78 A GB 1523/78A GB 152378 A GB152378 A GB 152378A GB 1582932 A GB1582932 A GB 1582932A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- current
- voltage
- circuit
- circuit breaker
- generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/333—Testing of the switching capacity of high-voltage circuit-breakers ; Testing of breaking capacity or related variables, e.g. post arc current or transient recovery voltage
- G01R31/3333—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
- G01R31/3336—Synthetic testing, i.e. with separate current and voltage generators simulating distance fault conditions
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
- Tests Of Circuit Breakers, Generators, And Electric Motors (AREA)
- Testing Of Individual Semiconductor Devices (AREA)
Abstract
In the test circuit, a high-current source (1) containing a generator is connected in series with a first high-voltage source (3) which can be bypassed by a first auxiliary switch (6), a second high-voltage source (4) which can be bypassed by a second auxiliary switch (7), and with a switch (5) to be tested. The output of the generator (1) is applied to the switch (5) to be tested either directly or via a transformer stepping up the test current. During the current flow time of the high-current source (1), the first high-voltage source (3) is inserted into the test circuit in such a manner that its voltage in the area of the zero crossing of the test current increases the repetitive voltage of the high-current source (1) to the extent necessary for switching on the second high-voltage source (4). To be able to apply better control to the first high-voltage circuit, the first high-voltage source (3) is arranged at earth potential. <IMAGE>
Description
(54) SYNTHETIC TESTING APPARATUS FOR CIRCUIT
BREAKERS
(71) We, SIEMENS AKTIENGES
ELLSCHAFT, a German company, of Berlin and Munich, Germany (fed rep), do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be par ticularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers, and this patent application is for a patent of addition to the patent to be granted on our co-pending Application No. 25474/76 (Serial No. 1535 814).
The plarent patent application relates to a synthetic testing apparatus for high voltage circuit breakers comprising a series arrangemerit formed of a current source comprising an electrical generator, and first and second voltage sources, all arranged to act on a circuit breaker to be tested.
The embodiment described and illustrated in the parent patent application has a greater testing power than a previously known synthetic testing apparatus of this kind without employing expensive measures, and is able to test control devices with higher breaking currents above 50 kA.
According to the present invention there is provided synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers, comprising a current source for injecting simulation fault current into a circuit breaker under test, the current source comprising an electrical generator and employing no means for stepping up the voltage from the generator at the expense of steppingdown the current therefrom prior to this current being injected into a circuit breaker under test, a first voltage source arranged to augment the initial restriking voltage apw plied by the current source to a circuit breaker under test, and a second voltage source arranged to come into operation to apply yet more restriking voltage after the augmented initial restriking voltage has attained a predetermined value, wherein a portion of said first voltage source is arranged to be connected to earth potential when the apparatus is in use, and the current source and the first and second voltage sources are connected in series with one another and are arranged for connection in series with a circuit breaker under test.
Since said portion of the first voltage source is arranged to be connected to earth potential, in at least some embodiments it is possible to provide control circuitry for the first voltage source with insulation rated for a relatively low potential. Moreover, the production and conduction of control pulses is technically substantially simpler than if the first voltage source were wholly at high voltage potential when the apparatus is in use.
If, as is provided in an embodiment of the invention, the first voltage source has a spark gap capable of being triggered, then one electrode of the spark gap may be earthed.
The lead for supplying trigger pulses thus need only be designed for a voltage of a level which is substantially below the breakdown voltage of the spark gap. The necessary insulation of the control circuitry in the trigger lead, e.g. time delay elements and high voltage pulse devices, is likewise to be lower rated and thus obtainable at a relatively low cost.
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how it may be put into effect reference will now be made, by way of example, to the single figure of the accompanying drawing, which shows a synthetic testing apparatus according to the invention, in operable connection to a circuit breaker to be tested by the apparatus.
In the single figure there is schematically shown a series arrangement of a current gen erator 1, an inductance 2, a first high voltage source 3, a second high voltage source 4 and a circuit breaker 5 to be tested. The high voltage source 3 can be bridged by closure of an auxiliary switch 6, whereas the high voltage source 4 can be bridged by closure of an auxiliary switch 7.
Across the circuit breaker 5 to be tested, there is disposed a series arrangement comprising a resistor 8 and a spark gap 9.
During operation of the testing apparatus the circuit breaker 5 and switches 6 and 7 are first of all closed. There flows a short circuit current from the generator 1 and detected by the transducer 10. According to the desired quenching time of the circuit breaker 5 to be tested, the latter receives an opening command signal either simultaneously with or somewhat sooner than the two auxiliary switches 6 and 7. In all three switches 5, 6 and 7, an arc burns. Shortly before the passage through zero, at which the quenching of the circuit breaker 5 to be tested is expected, the transducer 10 emits a signal which fires the. spark gap 11 in the high voltage circuit 3. Thereby, the charging capacitor 13 of the high voltage circuit 3 is discharged, the capacitor 13 having been charged before the beginning of the test. An oscillating current flows through the spark gap 11, the inductance 12 and the auxiliary switch 6 which is open or opening. The polarity of the charging capacitor 13 is in this case chosen from the outset in such a manner that this oscillating current is subtracted from the short-circuit current already flowing in the auxiliary switch 6. At the resultant passage of the current through zero, the auxiliary switch 6 quenches prematurely before the theoretical passage of the current through zero.
After the current interruption in the auxiliary switch 6, the current flows from the generator 1 through the inductance 2, the arc burning in the auxiliary switch 7, the arc burning in the circuit breaker 5, the inductance 12, the capacitor 13 and the spark gap
11 back to the generator 1. Therefore the sum of the short-circuit and oscillating currents flows until the sum of the current becomes zerc, i.e. until the arcs in the switches 5 and 7 are also extinguished. Thereby a voltage is built-up across the circuit breaker 5 to be tested.
This voltage is composed of the voltage of the generator 1 coupled by way of a capa dtor 14, and of the voltage emanating from the high voltage circuit 3. The voltage drop across the auxiliary switch 7 is very small, since. the capacitor 14 bridges this auxiliary switch 7. The capacitor 14 is given such value that no appreciable voltage drop can be set up. The sum of the two remaining voltages loads the circuit breaker 5 being tested. When this sum reaches a particular value, the spark gap 9 in series with the resistor 8 is fired.
There is taken from the spark gap 9 a triggering pulse which fires the spark gap 15 of the high voltage circuit 4. Thereby the voyage of a capacitor 16 of the high voltage circuit 4 ils impressed upon the series circuit through the inductance 17, and the circuit breaker 5 to be tested is thus loaded by the necessary high voltage. Any further details which are required regarding the construction and/or operation of the apparatus may be obtained by reference to the figures and their descrip tion in the parent patent application.
As can be seen, one electrode 1 la of the spark gap 11, which is a component of the first high voltage source 3, is earthed. Thus, the trigger lead 10a requires a lower and thus less expensive level of insulation as compared with an embodiment in which the first high voltage source 3 is wholly at high voltage potential. Moreover, an improved control of the first high voltage source 3 is obtained.
The current generator 1 may include a current stepping-up transformer.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: - 1. Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers, comprising a current source for injecting simulation fault current into a circuit breaker under test, the current source comprising an electrical generator and employing no means for stepping-up the voltage from the generator at the expense of stepping-down the current therefrom prior to this current being injected into a circuit breaker under test, a first voltage source arranged to augment the initial restriking voltage applied by the current source to a circuit breaker under test, and a second voltage source arranged to come into operauon to apply yet more restriking voltage after the augmented initial restriking voltage has attained a predetermined value, wherein a portion of said first voltage source is arranged to be connected to earth potential when the apparatus is in use, and the current source and the first and second voltage sources are connected in series with one another and are arranged for connection in series with a circuit breaker under test.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current source comprises no current transformation means to act upon the generator.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current source includes a transformer for stepping-up current from the generator.
4. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second voltage sources are arranged to be bridged by respective auxiliary switches.
5. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first voltage source is arranged to start supplying electrical energy to a circuit breaker under test whilst the current source is still injecting simulation fault current into the circuit breaker under test.
6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first voltage
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (8)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.are first of all closed. There flows a short circuit current from the generator 1 and detected by the transducer 10. According to the desired quenching time of the circuit breaker 5 to be tested, the latter receives an opening command signal either simultaneously with or somewhat sooner than the two auxiliary switches 6 and 7. In all three switches 5, 6 and 7, an arc burns. Shortly before the passage through zero, at which the quenching of the circuit breaker 5 to be tested is expected, the transducer 10 emits a signal which fires the. spark gap 11 in the high voltage circuit 3. Thereby, the charging capacitor 13 of the high voltage circuit 3 is discharged, the capacitor 13 having been charged before the beginning of the test. An oscillating current flows through the spark gap 11, the inductance 12 and the auxiliary switch 6 which is open or opening. The polarity of the charging capacitor 13 is in this case chosen from the outset in such a manner that this oscillating current is subtracted from the short-circuit current already flowing in the auxiliary switch 6. At the resultant passage of the current through zero, the auxiliary switch 6 quenches prematurely before the theoretical passage of the current through zero.After the current interruption in the auxiliary switch 6, the current flows from the generator 1 through the inductance 2, the arc burning in the auxiliary switch 7, the arc burning in the circuit breaker 5, the inductance 12, the capacitor 13 and the spark gap11 back to the generator 1. Therefore the sum of the short-circuit and oscillating currents flows until the sum of the current becomes zerc, i.e. until the arcs in the switches 5 and 7 are also extinguished. Thereby a voltage is built-up across the circuit breaker 5 to be tested.This voltage is composed of the voltage of the generator 1 coupled by way of a capa dtor 14, and of the voltage emanating from the high voltage circuit 3. The voltage drop across the auxiliary switch 7 is very small, since. the capacitor 14 bridges this auxiliary switch 7. The capacitor 14 is given such value that no appreciable voltage drop can be set up. The sum of the two remaining voltages loads the circuit breaker 5 being tested. When this sum reaches a particular value, the spark gap 9 in series with the resistor 8 is fired.There is taken from the spark gap 9 a triggering pulse which fires the spark gap 15 of the high voltage circuit 4. Thereby the voyage of a capacitor 16 of the high voltage circuit 4 ils impressed upon the series circuit through the inductance 17, and the circuit breaker 5 to be tested is thus loaded by the necessary high voltage. Any further details which are required regarding the construction and/or operation of the apparatus may be obtained by reference to the figures and their descrip tion in the parent patent application.As can be seen, one electrode 1 la of the spark gap 11, which is a component of the first high voltage source 3, is earthed. Thus, the trigger lead 10a requires a lower and thus less expensive level of insulation as compared with an embodiment in which the first high voltage source 3 is wholly at high voltage potential. Moreover, an improved control of the first high voltage source 3 is obtained.The current generator 1 may include a current stepping-up transformer.WHAT WE CLAIM IS: - 1. Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers, comprising a current source for injecting simulation fault current into a circuit breaker under test, the current source comprising an electrical generator and employing no means for stepping-up the voltage from the generator at the expense of stepping-down the current therefrom prior to this current being injected into a circuit breaker under test, a first voltage source arranged to augment the initial restriking voltage applied by the current source to a circuit breaker under test, and a second voltage source arranged to come into operauon to apply yet more restriking voltage after the augmented initial restriking voltage has attained a predetermined value, wherein a portion of said first voltage source is arranged to be connected to earth potential when the apparatus is in use, and the current source and the first and second voltage sources are connected in series with one another and are arranged for connection in series with a circuit breaker under test.
- 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current source comprises no current transformation means to act upon the generator.
- 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current source includes a transformer for stepping-up current from the generator.
- 4. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second voltage sources are arranged to be bridged by respective auxiliary switches.
- 5. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first voltage source is arranged to start supplying electrical energy to a circuit breaker under test whilst the current source is still injecting simulation fault current into the circuit breaker under test.
- 6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first voltagesource comprises a spark gap adapted to be triggered, and said portion of said first voltage source includes an electrode defining said spark gap.
- 7. Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the single figure of the accompanying drawing.
- 8. Synthetic testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, when operably connected to a circuit breaker to be tested by the apparatus.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2702912A DE2702912C3 (en) | 1977-01-21 | 1977-01-21 | Synthetic test circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1582932A true GB1582932A (en) | 1981-01-14 |
Family
ID=5999464
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1523/78A Expired GB1582932A (en) | 1977-01-21 | 1978-01-13 | Synthetic testing apparatus for circuit breakers |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5392473A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH619788A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2702912C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2378287A2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1582932A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1112601B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7712726A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7800193L (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288905A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-12-21 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Synthetic closing and opening test circuit used for high-voltage AC (alternating current) circuit breaker |
| CN106526473A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Mechanical type high-voltage DC breaker on-off equivalent test loop and method |
| CN111289887A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-06-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | High-voltage circuit breaker fault simulation device and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH668669A5 (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1989-01-13 | Sprecher Energie Ag | METHOD FOR DETERMINING the erosion of the KONTAKTSTUECKE AN IN AN ENCAPSULATED SWITCHGEAR INSTALLED switchgear. |
| DE202012101039U1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-06-24 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Test system for tap changers of high power without influence on the power grid |
| CN103116125A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-22 | 施耐德电气华电开关(厦门)有限公司 | Test loop for non-sustained disruptive discharge (NSDD) test of vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN104062469B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2017-04-12 | 苏州华徕光电仪器有限公司 | Connector for high-voltage circuit breaker test based on magnetic steel rotation |
| CN106093770B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-01-29 | 国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司 | A kind of short circuit conjunction separating tests auxiliary device of low-voltage circuit breaker |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1406288A (en) * | 1964-09-01 | 1965-07-16 | Licentia Gmbh | Test setup for testing the behavior of high-voltage power switches when breaking capacitive currents |
| DE1954327A1 (en) * | 1969-10-29 | 1971-05-06 | Licentia Gmbh | Arrangement for the synthetic testing of the breaking capacity of high-voltage circuit breakers |
| FR1601614A (en) * | 1968-01-31 | 1970-09-07 | ||
| DE2043286A1 (en) * | 1970-08-25 | 1972-03-02 | Siemens Ag | Synthetic test circuit |
-
1977
- 1977-01-21 DE DE2702912A patent/DE2702912C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-14 CH CH1384577A patent/CH619788A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-18 NL NL7712726A patent/NL7712726A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1978
- 1978-01-04 FR FR7800170A patent/FR2378287A2/en active Pending
- 1978-01-09 SE SE7800193A patent/SE7800193L/en unknown
- 1978-01-13 GB GB1523/78A patent/GB1582932A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-18 IT IT19354/78A patent/IT1112601B/en active
- 1978-01-20 JP JP516178A patent/JPS5392473A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288905A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-12-21 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Synthetic closing and opening test circuit used for high-voltage AC (alternating current) circuit breaker |
| CN102288905B (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2014-07-02 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Synthetic closing and opening test circuit used for high-voltage AC (alternating current) circuit breaker |
| CN106526473A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Mechanical type high-voltage DC breaker on-off equivalent test loop and method |
| CN106526473B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2023-08-25 | 华中科技大学 | Mechanical high-voltage direct-current breaker breaking equivalent test loop and method |
| CN111289887A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-06-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | High-voltage circuit breaker fault simulation device and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things |
| CN111289887B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-02-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | High-voltage circuit breaker fault simulation device and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1112601B (en) | 1986-01-20 |
| JPS5392473A (en) | 1978-08-14 |
| SE7800193L (en) | 1978-07-22 |
| DE2702912B2 (en) | 1979-02-08 |
| CH619788A5 (en) | 1980-10-15 |
| IT7819354A0 (en) | 1978-01-18 |
| DE2702912A1 (en) | 1978-07-27 |
| DE2702912C3 (en) | 1979-10-11 |
| NL7712726A (en) | 1978-07-25 |
| FR2378287A2 (en) | 1978-08-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |