GB1572421A - Apparatus for generating coded images by means of a multiple radiation source - Google Patents
Apparatus for generating coded images by means of a multiple radiation source Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1572421A GB1572421A GB5297/77A GB529777A GB1572421A GB 1572421 A GB1572421 A GB 1572421A GB 5297/77 A GB5297/77 A GB 5297/77A GB 529777 A GB529777 A GB 529777A GB 1572421 A GB1572421 A GB 1572421A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sources
- radiation
- groups
- images
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002594 fluoroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005311 autocorrelation function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B42/00—Obtaining records using waves other than optical waves; Visualisation of such records by using optical means
- G03B42/02—Obtaining records using waves other than optical waves; Visualisation of such records by using optical means using X-rays
- G03B42/026—Obtaining records using waves other than optical waves; Visualisation of such records by using optical means using X-rays for obtaining three-dimensional pictures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/70—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with more than one anode; Circuit arrangements for apparatus comprising more than one X ray tube or more than one cathode
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Radiography Using Non-Light Waves (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
(54) APPARATUS FOR GENERATING CODED IMAGES
BY MEANS OF A MULTIPLE RADIATION SOURCE
(71) We, PHILIPS ELECTRONIC
AND ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES
LIMITED, of Abacus House, 33 Gutter
Lane, London EC2V 8AH, a British
Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The invention relates to apparatus for forming a composite of multiperspectiveencoded shadowgraph images of a threedimensional object with an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution of sources of penetrating radiation, for the subsequent decoding synthesis of a selectable sectional image of the object. Such apparatus will be referred to herein as apparatus of the kind referred to.
The use of non-redundant point distributions as a multiple projection system for the recording of coded images of three-dimensional X-ray objects, is described, for example, in Optics Communications Vol. 11
No. 4 (1974) pages 368-372 and Vol. 12 No. 2 (1974) pages 183-187, and a further description of the process of tomosynthesis can be found in the IEEE transactions on Computers Vol. C-24, No. 4 (April 1975) pages 391-394. In these references, the advantages of using an encoding point function having a non-redundant auto-correlation function are mentioned, namely that when tomosynthesising each image point of a sectional image by the multiple superposition of the corresponding main image points of the respective perspective images, none of the corresponding secondary image points of any of the superposed perspective encoded repetitions of the composite image field, which relate to the main image point, will overlap, thus maximising the contrast between the synthesised point and the background of secondary images. Some convenient point distributions having non-redundant auto-correlations are disclosed by M.J.E. Golay in the
Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 61 pages 272 and 273. The encoded composite image can be decoded, for example, by the method and apparatus described and claimed in U.K. Patent Specification Number 1,505,999.
The encoding point distributions may be incoherent, or alternatively they may be mutually coherent, the latter as described in
U.K. Patent Application No.32678/76 (Serial
No. 1569708).
The invention has for an object to provide an improved form of X-ray apparatus of the kind referred to by means of which motive objects such as a heart or a contrast medium flowing in a blood vessel, can be recorded in multiperspective encoded form.
According to the invention there is provided an apparatus for forming a composite of multiperspective-encoded shadowgraph images of a three dimensional object with an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution of surces of penetrating radiation, for the subsequent tomosynthesis of sectional images of the object, comprising a housing, a plurality of point sources of penetrating radiation located in said housing so that each point of origin of said radiation lies in a common plane, said sources being arranged to form an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution power supply means to supply electrical energy to said point sources to generate said penetrating radiation, a control unit arranged to control said power supply means so as to actuate the sources forming at least a group simultaneously, and means for detecting and storing the composite of images formed by said radiation after passing through the body, when present, for subsequent tomosynthesis. Thus several separate radiation sources are arranged in a container, and are simultaneously actuated at brief intervals by means of a high voltage generator and a control unit, superposition images of the objects being formed, on a detector surface, inwhich the three-dimensional object information is stored for subsequent decoding to form layer images.
Embodiments in accordance with the invention will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, of which:
Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a multiple radiation source for recording a coded image by means of X-rays,
Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of a multiple radiation source for forming mutually coherent pairs of encoded composite images, and
Figure 3 shows two positions of an assembly formed by the multiple radiation source with an associated detector surface.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the radiation sources of a multiple radiation source are provided in the form of separate
X-ray tubes 1, for example, tubes comprising a fixed anode, which are arranged in a radiation-resistant container 3, filled with oil 2, according to given non-redundant encoding point distributions, and are controlled by a high voltage generator 4 and a control unit 5 so that the sources are simultaneously actuated. The radiation 7 is emitted through the windows 6, after being limited by means of respective radiation opaque diaphragms 8 containing suitable respective apertures, to irradiate the object 9 under examination and form a perspective direction encoded composite image 11 on a detector surface 10.
A further embodiment is shown in Figure 2, and this is suitable for forming, in rapid succession, a pair of composite images encoded by respective non-redundant encoding point distributions which are mutually coherent. In Figure 2, two groups of radiation sources comprising sources 12 and 13, respectively, which form respective non-redundant point distributions which are coherent relative to one another, are housed in an oil filled housing 3 including corresponding members 6 and 8 as described with reference to Figure 1. The respective groups of sources 12, 13 are activated one briefly after the other by a control unit 16 via a switching device 14 from a generator 15. In the case of a motive object such as the heart, the two exposures must be made in rapid succession necessitating the switching arrangement shown in Figure 2. As an alternative, separate generators can be used respectively to actuate the two groups of radiation sources 12 and 13.
Figure 3 shows a simplified recording construction, comprising a multiple radiation source 17 embodying the invention, an object 18 to be irradiated and a detector surface 19. For the recording of a composite cable of tomosynthesising inclined object sections, the multiple radiation source and the detector surface are arranged to form an assembly which can be pivoted at will about the object 18 as denoted by the broken lines 20 and 21 in Figure 3.
The successive activation of groups of sources forming the multiple radiation source can be carried out at regular intervals so as to provide a cinematographic effect in order to enable a sequence of movements to be recorded. The control and supply of the multiple radiation sources can additionally be arranged so that the sources can be continuously operated for object fluoroscopy when required. The individual tubes can be advantageously oriented in the housing so as to direct X-radiation towards the region of the object to be imaged.
The multiple radiation source can in addition also be provided with a further X-ray tube whereby a conventional radiographic exposure can be realized.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. Apparatus for forming a composite of multiperspective-encoded shadowgraph images of a three dimensional object, with an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution of sources of penetrating radiation, for the subsequent tomosynthesis of sectional images of the object, comprising a housing, a plurality of point sources of penetrating radiation located in said housing so that each point of origin of said radiation lies in a common plane, said sources being arranged to form an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution, power supply means to supply electrical energy to said point sources to generate said penetrating radiation, a control unit arranged to control said power supply means so as to actuate the sources forming at least a group simultaneously, and means for detecting and storing the composite of images formed by said radiation after passing through the body, when present, for subsequent tomosynthesis.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including diaphragm means provided with apertures each arranged to limit the lateral extent of the radiation beam emitted by a corresponding said source.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said control unit is arranged to actuate said group or groups of sources at regular intervals in order to record a sequence of movements of a body under examination.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said control unit is further arranged so that a plurality of said radiation sources can be continuously operated for a form of fluoroscopy.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein each said source is oriented within said housing so as to direct radiation towards the region under examina
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (11)
1. Apparatus for forming a composite of multiperspective-encoded shadowgraph images of a three dimensional object, with an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution of sources of penetrating radiation, for the subsequent tomosynthesis of sectional images of the object, comprising a housing, a plurality of point sources of penetrating radiation located in said housing so that each point of origin of said radiation lies in a common plane, said sources being arranged to form an incoherent or mutually coherent point distribution, power supply means to supply electrical energy to said point sources to generate said penetrating radiation, a control unit arranged to control said power supply means so as to actuate the sources forming at least a group simultaneously, and means for detecting and storing the composite of images formed by said radiation after passing through the body, when present, for subsequent tomosynthesis.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including diaphragm means provided with apertures each arranged to limit the lateral extent of the radiation beam emitted by a corresponding said source.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said control unit is arranged to actuate said group or groups of sources at regular intervals in order to record a sequence of movements of a body under examination.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said control unit is further arranged so that a plurality of said radiation sources can be continuously operated for a form of fluoroscopy.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein each said source is oriented within said housing so as to direct radiation towards the region under examina
tion within an object when present.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said means for detecting and storing said composite of images includes a detector surfaces for receiving said radiation, and the multiple radiation sources comprising said housing and said sources, and said detector surface, form an assembly arranged to be displaceable at will about a body under examination.
7. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein each said source comprises an X-ray tube.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein each said X-ray tube comprises a fixed anode X-ray tube.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said sources are arranged in two groups which are coherent relative to each other, said power supply means being connected in pulsed manner and in rapid succession to respective said groups by means of switching means actuated by said control unit.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein said sources are arranged in two groups which are coherent relative to each other, and said power supply means comprise two distinct high voltage generators each connected to a corresponding group of sources and controlled by said control unit to actuate the sources of the corresponding group simultaneously in a pulsed manner and to actuate said groups in rapid succession one after the other.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and including in addition to the sources forming said group or groups, a further source connected and arranged to perform a single source radiographic exDosure.
i2. Apparatus of the kind referred to, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762605497 DE2605497A1 (en) | 1976-02-12 | 1976-02-12 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING CODED IMAGES WITH A MULTIPLE RADIATION SOURCE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1572421A true GB1572421A (en) | 1980-07-30 |
Family
ID=5969665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5297/77A Expired GB1572421A (en) | 1976-02-12 | 1977-02-09 | Apparatus for generating coded images by means of a multiple radiation source |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS5298490A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU509318B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE851311A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7700804A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1101132A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD128602A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2605497A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES455806A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI770426A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2341149A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1572421A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7701285A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7701399L (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4416018A (en) * | 1980-02-23 | 1983-11-15 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Device for forming images of layers of a three-dimensional object by superposition zonograms |
| US4513433A (en) * | 1980-10-04 | 1985-04-23 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Fluoroscopy apparatus for forming layer images of a three-dimensional object |
| DE102006046741A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-10 | Siemens Ag | X-ray system and method for tomosynthesis scanning |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2646118A1 (en) * | 1976-10-13 | 1978-04-20 | Philips Patentverwaltung | ARRANGEMENT FOR GENERATING TWO AND / OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGES OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS |
| DE2647167C2 (en) * | 1976-10-19 | 1987-01-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for producing tomographic images using X-rays or similar penetrating rays |
| DE2650237C2 (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1985-05-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | X-ray diagnostic device for the production of transverse slice images |
| DE2658533C2 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1987-02-26 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for displaying longitudinal body layers |
| DE2712320A1 (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1978-09-28 | Siemens Ag | X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE FOR X-RAY SLAT IMAGES |
| DE2747918C2 (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1983-11-24 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Layer representation method for spatial objects from separately produced perspective images |
| DE2801940A1 (en) * | 1978-01-18 | 1979-07-19 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Three=dimensional imaging system - uses groups of light sources providing sets of partial images in respective recording planes of e.g. film |
| AU4326979A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1979-07-19 | N.V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken | X-ray apparatus for tomosynthesis |
| DE2801329C2 (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1985-05-02 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Arrangement for carrying out a method for recording and reproducing three-dimensional objects in layers with the aid of perspective images |
| FR2425836A1 (en) * | 1978-05-16 | 1979-12-14 | Radiologie Cie Gle | SINGLE SLEEVE TOMOGRAPHIC APPARATUS CARRYING X-RAY TUBES AND DETECTORS |
| EP2130494A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-09 | Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH) | Scanner device and method for computed tomography imaging |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR511211A (en) * | 1920-03-08 | 1920-12-20 | Ernest Camille Saleil | Method and devices for the use in x-ray tubes of the two alternating waves of the high voltage transformer |
| US2286091A (en) * | 1939-07-22 | 1942-06-09 | George W Haug | X-ray tube and system therefor |
| GB860758A (en) * | 1957-04-26 | 1961-02-08 | Dennis Parker Riley | Improvements in or relating to x-ray tubes and circuit arrangements |
| US3746872A (en) * | 1971-07-27 | 1973-07-17 | Nuclear Chicago Corp | Tomography technique in which a single recording film retains spatial information to permit constructing all planar sections of object |
| DE2339758C3 (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1979-04-19 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | X-ray diagnostic device for the production of a transverse slice image |
| DE2442809A1 (en) * | 1974-09-06 | 1976-03-18 | Philips Patentverwaltung | ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING ABSORPTION IN A BODY |
| FR2304321A1 (en) * | 1975-03-20 | 1976-10-15 | Emi Ltd | X-ray scanning system - with multiple detectors providing detailed absorption data for a body under examination |
-
1976
- 1976-02-12 DE DE19762605497 patent/DE2605497A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1977
- 1977-02-02 CA CA270,922A patent/CA1101132A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-08 NL NL7701285A patent/NL7701285A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-02-09 AU AU22115/77A patent/AU509318B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-09 JP JP1256977A patent/JPS5298490A/en active Pending
- 1977-02-09 DD DD7700197295A patent/DD128602A5/en unknown
- 1977-02-09 FI FI770426A patent/FI770426A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-02-09 SE SE7701399A patent/SE7701399L/en unknown
- 1977-02-09 BR BR7700804A patent/BR7700804A/en unknown
- 1977-02-09 GB GB5297/77A patent/GB1572421A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-10 ES ES455806A patent/ES455806A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-10 BE BE174837A patent/BE851311A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-02-11 FR FR7703843A patent/FR2341149A1/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-08-22 JP JP1983128510U patent/JPS5953011U/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4416018A (en) * | 1980-02-23 | 1983-11-15 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Device for forming images of layers of a three-dimensional object by superposition zonograms |
| US4513433A (en) * | 1980-10-04 | 1985-04-23 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Fluoroscopy apparatus for forming layer images of a three-dimensional object |
| DE102006046741A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-10 | Siemens Ag | X-ray system and method for tomosynthesis scanning |
| US7945014B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2011-05-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | X-ray system and method for tomosynthetic scanning |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7700804A (en) | 1977-10-11 |
| FR2341149A1 (en) | 1977-09-09 |
| DD128602A5 (en) | 1977-11-30 |
| NL7701285A (en) | 1977-08-16 |
| JPS5953011U (en) | 1984-04-07 |
| CA1101132A (en) | 1981-05-12 |
| BE851311A (en) | 1977-08-10 |
| JPH0123444Y2 (en) | 1989-07-19 |
| JPS5298490A (en) | 1977-08-18 |
| AU2211577A (en) | 1978-08-17 |
| SE7701399L (en) | 1977-08-13 |
| FR2341149B1 (en) | 1983-05-27 |
| FI770426A (en) | 1977-08-13 |
| ES455806A1 (en) | 1978-02-01 |
| DE2605497A1 (en) | 1977-08-18 |
| AU509318B2 (en) | 1980-05-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |