GB1465514A - Apparatus for inspecting fluids - Google Patents
Apparatus for inspecting fluidsInfo
- Publication number
- GB1465514A GB1465514A GB2977274A GB2977274A GB1465514A GB 1465514 A GB1465514 A GB 1465514A GB 2977274 A GB2977274 A GB 2977274A GB 2977274 A GB2977274 A GB 2977274A GB 1465514 A GB1465514 A GB 1465514A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- lens
- light
- cylinder
- gate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium neon Chemical compound [He].[Ne] CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
- G01N21/9018—Dirt detection in containers
- G01N21/9027—Dirt detection in containers in containers after filling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/51—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid inside a container, e.g. in an ampoule
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
- H03K21/02—Input circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/075—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0053—Investigating dispersion of solids in liquids, e.g. trouble
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
1465514 Inspecting fluids with suspended solid particles L PRAHM O PRAHM E A FERNSTEN B M FERNSTEN S T HIMES R H HIMES J PRAHM G W MACKENZIE W H McINERNEY [trading as Prototron Associates] 4 July 1974 [5 July 1973] 29772/74 Heading G1A An apparatus for inspecting a solid particle bearing fluid in a container comprises means for scanning with a well defined light beam a transverse area of the fluid, a detector for producing from the light scattered sequentially from the particles a sequence of electrical signals, said beam being stopped by means between the container and the detector, and indicating means providing a measure of particulate material. Helium-neon laser 10 generates a beam 2mm in diameter reduced to 150Ám by lens 12. Cylinder 14 is rotated by synchronous motor 17 via gear train 16 and gear 15, and has an optical flat 18 at an angle of around 45 degrees to centre line 13, to which the beam is parallel causing the thus offset beam to make a circular scan. Opaque plate 20 blocks light doubly reflected by flat 18. Lens 24 focuses the beam within bottle 23, which contains the fluid and is restrained by stop 25. Target 27 stops the beam, but scattered light is focused on to silicon photodiode 34 by lens 32, situated midway between the median depth of focus in bottle 23 and photodiode 34. Neutral grey filter 35 could be used to reduce the light intensity. The arrangement of Fig. 2 may be used instead of lens 32. Lens 32 or lenses 37, 38 have an area greater than the scanned area. Amplifier 44 passes from 200 to 100,000 Hz. Amplifier 47 gives an output of say +14V when the voltage at A is less than at B, and -14V when it is greater. Source 50 provides a reference voltage. Adjustment of potentiometer 49 alters the threshold voltage above which a pulse at A gives a negative pulse from amplifier 47. In timer 51 the normally open gate 93 is closed for the duration of any pulse 98 applied at input 91, which causes multi-vibrator 90 with differentiating circuit 92 to give spike pulses 100, 101. If pulse 98 is less than 20Ás, gate 93 is open for pulse 101 to cause pulse 102 from multivibrator 94; otherwise it is closed. 15 second one shot multi-vibrator 55 opens gate 52 and resets counter 70. In divide by 10 counter 54, at every 10th pulse AND gate 64 is supplied with the 10 count pulse and a pulse from input 61. Device 72 may indicate the amount of particulate material in the sample volume. The beam may be passed through a second cylinder with an optical flat, in addition to cylinder 14. These cylinders may be rotated at unequal velocities causing a scan of successive expanding and contracting spirals or if the rotation of the second cylinder is substantially faster than the first a cycloidal scan results. Ultraviolet light may also be employed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US376281A US3858851A (en) | 1973-07-05 | 1973-07-05 | Apparatus for providing a statistical count of particulate material in a fluid |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1465514A true GB1465514A (en) | 1977-02-23 |
Family
ID=23484368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB2977274A Expired GB1465514A (en) | 1973-07-05 | 1974-07-04 | Apparatus for inspecting fluids |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3858851A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5039595A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1008696A (en) |
CH (1) | CH577680A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2431107C3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK135065B (en) |
ES (1) | ES427966A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2236174B3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1465514A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7409183A (en) |
SE (1) | SE399597B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2377012A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-12-31 | Univ Loughborough | Measurement method and apparatus |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2276581A1 (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-01-23 | Kolikovitcher Irene | APPARATUS FOR MONITORING PHARMACEUTICAL BULBS |
SE393864B (en) * | 1975-12-01 | 1977-06-20 | Svenska Traeforskningsinst | CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION PROCEDURE |
JPS619256U (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-01-20 | 株式会社 創造科学技術研究所 | Internal tooth cutting wheel |
JPS6176277A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-18 | Sanwa Daiyamondo Kogyo Kk | Circular saw for hard work cutting |
US4623252A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1986-11-18 | Spectrex Corporation | Particulate counter |
JPS61152375A (en) * | 1984-12-26 | 1986-07-11 | Nippon Kouzou Kk | Rotary cutting blade |
JPS6224970A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-02-02 | Sanwa Daiyamondo Kogyo Kk | Circular saw for hard workpiece |
US4989977A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1991-02-05 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Flow cytometry apparatus with improved light beam adjustment |
FI77330C (en) * | 1986-01-08 | 1989-02-10 | K Patents Oy | Method for illuminating particles in an intermediate product for optical analysis and optical particle analyzer. |
CA1326079C (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1994-01-11 | Walti Schmitt | Process for conditioning and dewatering sludges |
ATE110467T1 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1994-09-15 | Preikschat F K | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF PARTICLES. |
US4871251A (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1989-10-03 | Preikschat F K | Apparatus and method for particle analysis |
US4804273A (en) * | 1987-06-09 | 1989-02-14 | Giuseppe Tondello | Method and apparatus for particulate matter detection |
US5327217A (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1994-07-05 | Kanai School, Inc. | Apparatus for measuring particulate size without contacting the particulate |
JPH02264846A (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1990-10-29 | Kanai Gakuen | Method and apparatus for noncontact measurement of size of fine particle |
US5012118A (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1991-04-30 | Preikschat F K | Apparatus and method for particle analysis |
US5426501A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1995-06-20 | Laser Sensor Technology, Inc. | Apparatus and method for particle analysis |
US5943130A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1999-08-24 | Insitec, Inc. | In situ sensor for near wafer particle monitoring in semiconductor device manufacturing equipment |
DE19723999B4 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2008-04-10 | Schwartz, Margit | Device for measuring particle dimensions in fluids |
US6765675B2 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2004-07-20 | M. W. Technologies, Inc. | Fluid inspection apparatus with vibrator |
US6388745B2 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2002-05-14 | Corning Incorporated | Detecting inclusions in transparent sheets |
US6809820B2 (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2004-10-26 | National Research Council Of Canada | Small particle analysis by laser induced incandescence |
US6646741B1 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-11-11 | Spectrex Corporation | Method and apparatus for visualizing particles suspended in a fluid |
GB2394282A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-21 | Qinetiq Ltd | Rain sensing apparatus |
US9951990B2 (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2018-04-24 | RheaVita B.V. | Method and system for freeze-drying injectable compositions, in particular pharmaceutical compositions |
US9677988B1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2017-06-13 | David E. Doggett | Integrating radiation collection and detection apparatus |
US9316577B1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2016-04-19 | David E. Doggett | Oscillatory particle analyzer |
US9366617B1 (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-06-14 | David E. Doggett | Self-stirring container |
US10705017B2 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-07-07 | Verivin Ltd. | Characterization of liquids in sealed containers |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE509736A (en) * | 1951-03-06 | |||
GB741471A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1955-12-07 | Mullard Radio Valve Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for counting particles |
US3508830A (en) * | 1967-11-13 | 1970-04-28 | Shell Oil Co | Apparatus for light scattering measurements |
DE1802269C3 (en) * | 1968-10-10 | 1979-09-27 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Method of measuring the concentration and / or size of particulate matter |
-
1973
- 1973-07-05 US US376281A patent/US3858851A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-06-18 CA CA202,725A patent/CA1008696A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-28 DE DE2431107A patent/DE2431107C3/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-01 CH CH902774A patent/CH577680A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-07-03 DK DK357374AA patent/DK135065B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-07-04 SE SE7408844A patent/SE399597B/en unknown
- 1974-07-04 FR FR7423346A patent/FR2236174B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-07-04 GB GB2977274A patent/GB1465514A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-04 JP JP49075919A patent/JPS5039595A/ja active Pending
- 1974-07-04 ES ES427966A patent/ES427966A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-05 NL NL7409183A patent/NL7409183A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2377012A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-12-31 | Univ Loughborough | Measurement method and apparatus |
GB2377012B (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2005-03-16 | Univ Loughborough | Measurement method and apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK135065C (en) | 1977-07-25 |
DE2431107A1 (en) | 1975-01-30 |
DK357374A (en) | 1975-02-24 |
DK135065B (en) | 1977-02-28 |
NL7409183A (en) | 1975-01-07 |
CH577680A5 (en) | 1976-07-15 |
JPS5039595A (en) | 1975-04-11 |
CA1008696A (en) | 1977-04-19 |
SE7408844L (en) | 1975-01-07 |
ES427966A1 (en) | 1976-12-01 |
DE2431107C3 (en) | 1980-09-04 |
DE2431107B2 (en) | 1980-01-10 |
SE399597B (en) | 1978-02-20 |
FR2236174A1 (en) | 1975-01-31 |
US3858851A (en) | 1975-01-07 |
FR2236174B3 (en) | 1977-05-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |