GB1465514A - Apparatus for inspecting fluids - Google Patents

Apparatus for inspecting fluids

Info

Publication number
GB1465514A
GB1465514A GB2977274A GB2977274A GB1465514A GB 1465514 A GB1465514 A GB 1465514A GB 2977274 A GB2977274 A GB 2977274A GB 2977274 A GB2977274 A GB 2977274A GB 1465514 A GB1465514 A GB 1465514A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
pulse
lens
light
cylinder
gate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB2977274A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PRAHM L
PROTOTRON ASS
Original Assignee
PRAHM L
PROTOTRON ASS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PRAHM L, PROTOTRON ASS filed Critical PRAHM L
Publication of GB1465514A publication Critical patent/GB1465514A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9018Dirt detection in containers
    • G01N21/9027Dirt detection in containers in containers after filling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/51Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid inside a container, e.g. in an ampoule
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K21/00Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
    • H03K21/02Input circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/075Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0053Investigating dispersion of solids in liquids, e.g. trouble

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

1465514 Inspecting fluids with suspended solid particles L PRAHM O PRAHM E A FERNSTEN B M FERNSTEN S T HIMES R H HIMES J PRAHM G W MACKENZIE W H McINERNEY [trading as Prototron Associates] 4 July 1974 [5 July 1973] 29772/74 Heading G1A An apparatus for inspecting a solid particle bearing fluid in a container comprises means for scanning with a well defined light beam a transverse area of the fluid, a detector for producing from the light scattered sequentially from the particles a sequence of electrical signals, said beam being stopped by means between the container and the detector, and indicating means providing a measure of particulate material. Helium-neon laser 10 generates a beam 2mm in diameter reduced to 150Ám by lens 12. Cylinder 14 is rotated by synchronous motor 17 via gear train 16 and gear 15, and has an optical flat 18 at an angle of around 45 degrees to centre line 13, to which the beam is parallel causing the thus offset beam to make a circular scan. Opaque plate 20 blocks light doubly reflected by flat 18. Lens 24 focuses the beam within bottle 23, which contains the fluid and is restrained by stop 25. Target 27 stops the beam, but scattered light is focused on to silicon photodiode 34 by lens 32, situated midway between the median depth of focus in bottle 23 and photodiode 34. Neutral grey filter 35 could be used to reduce the light intensity. The arrangement of Fig. 2 may be used instead of lens 32. Lens 32 or lenses 37, 38 have an area greater than the scanned area. Amplifier 44 passes from 200 to 100,000 Hz. Amplifier 47 gives an output of say +14V when the voltage at A is less than at B, and -14V when it is greater. Source 50 provides a reference voltage. Adjustment of potentiometer 49 alters the threshold voltage above which a pulse at A gives a negative pulse from amplifier 47. In timer 51 the normally open gate 93 is closed for the duration of any pulse 98 applied at input 91, which causes multi-vibrator 90 with differentiating circuit 92 to give spike pulses 100, 101. If pulse 98 is less than 20Ás, gate 93 is open for pulse 101 to cause pulse 102 from multivibrator 94; otherwise it is closed. 15 second one shot multi-vibrator 55 opens gate 52 and resets counter 70. In divide by 10 counter 54, at every 10th pulse AND gate 64 is supplied with the 10 count pulse and a pulse from input 61. Device 72 may indicate the amount of particulate material in the sample volume. The beam may be passed through a second cylinder with an optical flat, in addition to cylinder 14. These cylinders may be rotated at unequal velocities causing a scan of successive expanding and contracting spirals or if the rotation of the second cylinder is substantially faster than the first a cycloidal scan results. Ultraviolet light may also be employed.
GB2977274A 1973-07-05 1974-07-04 Apparatus for inspecting fluids Expired GB1465514A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US376281A US3858851A (en) 1973-07-05 1973-07-05 Apparatus for providing a statistical count of particulate material in a fluid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1465514A true GB1465514A (en) 1977-02-23

Family

ID=23484368

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2977274A Expired GB1465514A (en) 1973-07-05 1974-07-04 Apparatus for inspecting fluids

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3858851A (en)
JP (1) JPS5039595A (en)
CA (1) CA1008696A (en)
CH (1) CH577680A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2431107C3 (en)
DK (1) DK135065B (en)
ES (1) ES427966A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2236174B3 (en)
GB (1) GB1465514A (en)
NL (1) NL7409183A (en)
SE (1) SE399597B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2377012A (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-12-31 Univ Loughborough Measurement method and apparatus

Families Citing this family (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2276581A1 (en) * 1974-06-27 1976-01-23 Kolikovitcher Irene APPARATUS FOR MONITORING PHARMACEUTICAL BULBS
SE393864B (en) * 1975-12-01 1977-06-20 Svenska Traeforskningsinst CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION PROCEDURE
JPS619256U (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-01-20 株式会社 創造科学技術研究所 Internal tooth cutting wheel
JPS6176277A (en) * 1984-09-21 1986-04-18 Sanwa Daiyamondo Kogyo Kk Circular saw for hard work cutting
US4623252A (en) * 1984-10-09 1986-11-18 Spectrex Corporation Particulate counter
JPS61152375A (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-07-11 Nippon Kouzou Kk Rotary cutting blade
JPS6224970A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-02-02 Sanwa Daiyamondo Kogyo Kk Circular saw for hard workpiece
US4989977A (en) * 1985-07-29 1991-02-05 Becton, Dickinson And Company Flow cytometry apparatus with improved light beam adjustment
FI77330C (en) * 1986-01-08 1989-02-10 K Patents Oy Method for illuminating particles in an intermediate product for optical analysis and optical particle analyzer.
CA1326079C (en) * 1986-12-22 1994-01-11 Walti Schmitt Process for conditioning and dewatering sludges
ATE110467T1 (en) * 1987-04-27 1994-09-15 Preikschat F K DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF PARTICLES.
US4871251A (en) * 1987-04-27 1989-10-03 Preikschat F K Apparatus and method for particle analysis
US4804273A (en) * 1987-06-09 1989-02-14 Giuseppe Tondello Method and apparatus for particulate matter detection
US5327217A (en) * 1989-04-05 1994-07-05 Kanai School, Inc. Apparatus for measuring particulate size without contacting the particulate
JPH02264846A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-29 Kanai Gakuen Method and apparatus for noncontact measurement of size of fine particle
US5012118A (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-04-30 Preikschat F K Apparatus and method for particle analysis
US5426501A (en) * 1993-01-06 1995-06-20 Laser Sensor Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for particle analysis
US5943130A (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-08-24 Insitec, Inc. In situ sensor for near wafer particle monitoring in semiconductor device manufacturing equipment
DE19723999B4 (en) * 1997-06-06 2008-04-10 Schwartz, Margit Device for measuring particle dimensions in fluids
US6765675B2 (en) * 2000-02-14 2004-07-20 M. W. Technologies, Inc. Fluid inspection apparatus with vibrator
US6388745B2 (en) * 2000-03-29 2002-05-14 Corning Incorporated Detecting inclusions in transparent sheets
US6809820B2 (en) * 2002-04-18 2004-10-26 National Research Council Of Canada Small particle analysis by laser induced incandescence
US6646741B1 (en) 2002-05-24 2003-11-11 Spectrex Corporation Method and apparatus for visualizing particles suspended in a fluid
GB2394282A (en) * 2002-10-15 2004-04-21 Qinetiq Ltd Rain sensing apparatus
US9951990B2 (en) * 2011-09-06 2018-04-24 RheaVita B.V. Method and system for freeze-drying injectable compositions, in particular pharmaceutical compositions
US9677988B1 (en) 2015-07-10 2017-06-13 David E. Doggett Integrating radiation collection and detection apparatus
US9316577B1 (en) 2015-07-10 2016-04-19 David E. Doggett Oscillatory particle analyzer
US9366617B1 (en) * 2015-07-10 2016-06-14 David E. Doggett Self-stirring container
US10705017B2 (en) * 2017-06-09 2020-07-07 Verivin Ltd. Characterization of liquids in sealed containers

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE509736A (en) * 1951-03-06
GB741471A (en) * 1951-06-27 1955-12-07 Mullard Radio Valve Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus for counting particles
US3508830A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-04-28 Shell Oil Co Apparatus for light scattering measurements
DE1802269C3 (en) * 1968-10-10 1979-09-27 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Method of measuring the concentration and / or size of particulate matter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2377012A (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-12-31 Univ Loughborough Measurement method and apparatus
GB2377012B (en) * 2001-03-21 2005-03-16 Univ Loughborough Measurement method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK135065C (en) 1977-07-25
DE2431107A1 (en) 1975-01-30
DK357374A (en) 1975-02-24
DK135065B (en) 1977-02-28
NL7409183A (en) 1975-01-07
CH577680A5 (en) 1976-07-15
JPS5039595A (en) 1975-04-11
CA1008696A (en) 1977-04-19
SE7408844L (en) 1975-01-07
ES427966A1 (en) 1976-12-01
DE2431107C3 (en) 1980-09-04
DE2431107B2 (en) 1980-01-10
SE399597B (en) 1978-02-20
FR2236174A1 (en) 1975-01-31
US3858851A (en) 1975-01-07
FR2236174B3 (en) 1977-05-06

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee