GB1420879A - Pseudodi- and trisaccharides and methods for their preparation - Google Patents
Pseudodi- and trisaccharides and methods for their preparationInfo
- Publication number
- GB1420879A GB1420879A GB4643173A GB4643173A GB1420879A GB 1420879 A GB1420879 A GB 1420879A GB 4643173 A GB4643173 A GB 4643173A GB 4643173 A GB4643173 A GB 4643173A GB 1420879 A GB1420879 A GB 1420879A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- group
- hydroxy
- protective
- amino
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
- C07H15/22—Cyclohexane rings, substituted by nitrogen atoms
- C07H15/222—Cyclohexane rings substituted by at least two nitrogen atoms
- C07H15/226—Cyclohexane rings substituted by at least two nitrogen atoms with at least two saccharide radicals directly attached to the cyclohexane rings
- C07H15/234—Cyclohexane rings substituted by at least two nitrogen atoms with at least two saccharide radicals directly attached to the cyclohexane rings attached to non-adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexane rings, e.g. kanamycins, tobramycin, nebramycin, gentamicin A2
- C07H15/236—Cyclohexane rings substituted by at least two nitrogen atoms with at least two saccharide radicals directly attached to the cyclohexane rings attached to non-adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexane rings, e.g. kanamycins, tobramycin, nebramycin, gentamicin A2 a saccharide radical being substituted by an alkylamino radical in position 3 and by two substituents different from hydrogen in position 4, e.g. gentamicin complex, sisomicin, verdamycin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Abstract
1420879 Pseudo di- and tri-saccharides, gentamicin derivatives and the preparation thereof SCHERICO Ltd 4 Oct 1973 [10 Oct 1972 20 Nov 1972 27 Aug 1973] 46431/73 Heading C2C Pseudotrisaccharides of the formula wherein R 1 represents hydroxy, R 2 represents hydrogen or hydroxy, R 3 represents hydroxy, amino or C 1-4 alkylamino, R 4 represents hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl and R 5 represents hydroxy, amino or C 1-4 alkylamino, with the provisos (a) that when R 2 is hydroxy, R 4 is hydrogen or methyl and R 3 is amino, then R 5 is monosubstituted C 1-4 alkylamino, and (b) that when R 2 and R 3 are hydroxy, and R 4 is hydrogen or methyl, then R 5 is hydroxy or monosubstituted C 1-4 alkylamino, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and Schiffs base oxazolidine derivatives thereof, may be obtained by condensing a selectively blocked garamine of the formula wherein each R 12 represents an amino protective group, and each R 11 represents hydrogen or a hydroxy protective group, and wherein R 12 in position 3<SP>1</SP> together with R 11 in position 4<SP>1</SP> may represent a protective group, and/or R 12 in positions 1 and 3 may together represent a protective group, e.g. a urea grouping, with a monosaccharide of the formula wherein hal represents halogen, R 14 represents -OR 13 and R 15 represents hydrogen or -OR 13 , X represents -OR 13 , -NRR 12 or an azido group, and Y represents -OR 13 , -NRR 12 or a nitroso group, R represents hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl, and R 13 represents a hydroxy protective group, and when necessary subjecting the pseudotrisaccharide formed to one or two of the following steps in any appropriate order; (a) converting an oximino group in position 2<SP>1</SP> into group -NHR and/or an azido group in position 6<SP>1</SP> into -NH 2 ; (b) converting an oximino group in position 2<SP>1</SP> into hydroxy; or (c) converting a group -OR 13 in position 6<SP>1</SP> into a group -NHR; and subjecting the pseudotrisaccharide obtained from condensation or from one or two of steps (a) to (c) to an elimination of all protective groups present in the molecule, and, if desired, preparing a suitable salt or Schiffs base oxazolidine derivative. Gentamicin C 2a , a compound of Formula (I) wherein R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen, R 3 and R 5 are amino and R 4 is methyl, and which differs from gentamicin C 2 only in respect of the configuration at the 6<SP>1</SP>-carbon, is also claimed to be novel. The condensation of a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) may be effected in the presence of a catalyst such as mercuric cyanide or bromide, or silver carbonate, oxide, perchlorate or tosylate, optionally in the presence of a solvent. Conversion of the oximino group into the group -NHR may be effected by protection of the oximino group and subsequent reduction thereof, and where R is alkyl, the amino group formed upon reduction may be acylated with C 1-4 alkanoyl and the amide, so obtained, reduced. When the oximino group is acetylated and one or more hydroxy protective groups are acetyl, reduction may be effected with diborane. The amide group may also be formed by migration of an alkanoyl-hydroxy protective group to the amino group. Alternatively the oximino group may be converted into a keto group which is subsequently converted into a hydroxy group; the conversion of the oximino group into the keto group may be effected by means of levulinic acid, nitrous acid, titanium trichloride or thallium (III) nitrate, and conversion of the keto group into the hydroxy group may be effected by means of an alkali metal borohydride. Conversion of an azido group into an amino group may be effected by hydrogenation and the reaction may be carried out after conversion of the oximino group into the group -NHR. In step (c) above, conversion of the group -OR 13 into the group -NHR may be effected with RNH 2 or RNHNH 2 , or by transformation of the group -OR 13 into an azido group and subsequent reduction thereof. The elimination of all protective groups may be carried out by known methods such as hydrolysis, preferably in an alkaline medium, hydrogenolysis, or by means of hydrazine. Alkaline hydrolysis is preferably effected in reaction mixtures containing sodium hydroxide, sodium in ammonia, or ammonium hydroxide in methanol. The protected pseudotrisaccharide may be partially de-protected, e.g. with ammonium hydroxide, and subsequently fully de-protected in a stronger alkaline medium, e.g. sodium hydroxide. When the amino protective groups, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached in the 2-deoxy-D- streptamine ring, form carbamates and the deblocking is effected with a strong base, both amino groups in positions 1 and 3 may be protected with a bridging carbonyl group, i.e. to form a cyclic urea grouping, which may be removed in a very strong alkaline medium and preferably with hydrazine. Suitable protective groups may be selected from substituted or unsubstituted groups chosen from aryl, aralkyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl and aralkoxycarbonyl; specified amino protective groups include carbobenzoxy, t-butoxyearbonyl, 2,4-dinitrophenyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, acetyl, benzoyl, 2-iodo-ethoxycarbonyl, and p - methoxycarbobenzoxy; specified hydroxy protective groups include benzyl, p-nitrobenzyl and acetyl; or R 12 in position 3<SP>11</SP> together with R 11 in position 4<SP>11</SP> or both R 12 in positions 1 and 3 together may represent a carbonyl group. The monosaccharide starting materials of Formula III, wherein Y represents the nitroso group, may be prepared, for example, by reacting a nitrosyl halide with the corresponding monosaccharide having a 1,2- double bond. The pseudodisaccharides (also claimed to be novel) of the formula wherein R 10 is hydrogen or an amino protective group, R 11 is hydrogen or a hydroxy protective group and R 10 in position 3<SP>1</SP> and R 11 in position 4<SP>1</SP> together may represent a protective group, and/or R 10 in positions 1 and 3 together may represent a protective group, e.g. a urea grouping, may be obtained by selectively cleaving a compound of the formula and, when necessary, removing one or more protective groups and/or introducing one or more protective groups. The cleavage reaction may be effected by hydrolysis, under oxidative conditions, or by means of irradiation. The compounds of Formula (II) may be prepared by introducing the respective blocking group or groups into a compound of formula wherein R 14 is hydrogen or a hydroxy protective group more readily eliminatable than the other protective groups present in the molecule and wherein at least one of R 10 , R 11 and R 14 is hydrogen, followed, if desired, by elimination of the hydroxy protective group represented by R 14 . The pseudotrisaccharides exhibit antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, anthelmintic and antiviral activity and they may be formulated and applied in a known manner
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29643472A | 1972-10-10 | 1972-10-10 | |
US30806172A | 1972-11-20 | 1972-11-20 | |
US39191473A | 1973-08-27 | 1973-08-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1420879A true GB1420879A (en) | 1976-01-14 |
Family
ID=27404431
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB4643173A Expired GB1420879A (en) | 1972-10-10 | 1973-10-04 | Pseudodi- and trisaccharides and methods for their preparation |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS49100052A (en) |
BG (1) | BG21607A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2349974A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES419364A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2201872B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1420879A (en) |
IL (1) | IL43368A0 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7313668A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0000473B1 (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1981-03-11 | Scherico Ltd. | Process for preparing aminoglycoside derivatives, novel derivatives obtained and pharmaceutical compositions containing such derivatives |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH79A (en) * | 1889-01-09 | Adam Sautter Johann | Movement for pocket watches with an open barrel, new gear pusher system and simplified movement fastening | |
CH551965A (en) * | 1970-06-22 | 1974-07-31 | Scherico Ltd | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ANTIBIOTICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS. |
BE787758A (en) * | 1971-11-08 | 1973-02-19 | Scherico Ltd | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SUBSTANCE WITH ANTIBIOTIC ACTIVITY CONTAINING A NEW ANTIBIOTIC, AND OF DERIVATIVES THEREOF |
-
1973
- 1973-10-04 GB GB4643173A patent/GB1420879A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-04 DE DE19732349974 patent/DE2349974A1/en active Pending
- 1973-10-04 NL NL7313668A patent/NL7313668A/xx unknown
- 1973-10-04 IL IL43368A patent/IL43368A0/en unknown
- 1973-10-04 FR FR7335539A patent/FR2201872B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-10-05 ES ES419364A patent/ES419364A1/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-05 JP JP48111633A patent/JPS49100052A/ja active Pending
- 1973-10-09 BG BG24695A patent/BG21607A3/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2349974A1 (en) | 1974-04-18 |
ES419364A1 (en) | 1976-07-16 |
FR2201872A1 (en) | 1974-05-03 |
IL43368A0 (en) | 1974-01-14 |
BG21607A3 (en) | 1976-07-20 |
JPS49100052A (en) | 1974-09-20 |
AU6107173A (en) | 1975-04-10 |
NL7313668A (en) | 1974-04-16 |
FR2201872B1 (en) | 1977-01-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |