GB1395422A - Method of adiabatically oxidizing a carbonaceous fuel - Google Patents
Method of adiabatically oxidizing a carbonaceous fuelInfo
- Publication number
- GB1395422A GB1395422A GB2249472A GB2249472A GB1395422A GB 1395422 A GB1395422 A GB 1395422A GB 2249472 A GB2249472 A GB 2249472A GB 2249472 A GB2249472 A GB 2249472A GB 1395422 A GB1395422 A GB 1395422A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- air
- catalyst
- mixture
- oxidation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title abstract 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 naphtha Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
- F23C13/08—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by the catalytic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/40—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the use of catalytic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
1395422 Generating combustion products under pressure; gas turbine plant ENGELHARD MINERALS & CHEMICALS CORP 12 May 1972 [13 May 1971] 22494/72 Headings FIG and F1L To reduce the content of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the reaction products, a method of adiabatically oxidizing a carbonaceous fuel which when burned with a stoichiometric amount of air has an adiabatic flame temperature of at least 3300F comprises passing a mixture of the fuel in vaporous form and air through a zone containing an oxidation catalyst at a temperature of between about 1700 and 3000F and at a velocity, at or prior to the inlet of the zone, in excess of the maximum flame propagating velocity of the mixture under the conditions. The volume ratio of free oxygen to fuel in the mixture is at least 1.5 times the stoichiometric amount and the mixture is in or on the fuel-lean side of the inflammable range and has a theoretical adiabatic flame temperature of between about 1700 and 3000F at the conditions of the initiation of oxidation. The fuel may be gaseous or liquid at ambient conditions, e.g. methane, ethane, propane, naphtha, carbon monoxide and alkanols of I to 4 carbon atoms such as methanol. The catalyst may be in the form of small solid particles packed into a bed or may be a skeletal structure consisting of a catalytically active metal carried by a less active or inert support 'such as a ceramic. The catalytic metal may be from groups IB, IIB, or III to VIII of the periodic table, e.g. silica, alumina, zirconia, platinum, palladium, rhodium, copper, chromium, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, iron or combinations thereof. In one application a gas turbine plant comprises a compressor 12, catalytic reaction chamber 30 and a turbine 14. At starting, ignitor 36 is activated and fuel, e.g. naphtha, is tapped from line 15 via branch 39 and valve 27 to enter reaction chambers 30 where it burns with a flame to raise catalyst 31 to oxidation temperature as sensed by thermocouples 32, 33. Ignitor 36 is then deactivated, valve 27 shut and valve 16 opened so that fuel is now sprayed into the air inlet 23 of compressor 12. The compressed mixture enters reaction chamber 30 at a velocity greater than the maximum velocity for flame propagation, e.g. at least 3 ft/sec, where the fuel is flamelessly oxidized by catalyst 31, the residence time in the oxidation zone being less than 0.1 sec. The hot products expand through turbine 14, which may drive a vehicle or electric generator, or alternatively are used to heat a steam generator. The air and fuel may be pre-heated prior to entering chamber 30. The volume of air to fuel may be above 20:1 and as high as 200:1. Cooling air may be added to the reaction products. Another plant operating in similar manner but using propane fuel comprises, Fig. 2 (not shown), a centrifugal compressor (112), mixing vanes (122), pre-heater (125), catalyst chamber (131) and axial-flow turbine (138).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14293971A | 1971-05-13 | 1971-05-13 | |
| BE792871 | 1972-12-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1395422A true GB1395422A (en) | 1975-05-29 |
Family
ID=25657064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2249472A Expired GB1395422A (en) | 1971-05-13 | 1972-05-12 | Method of adiabatically oxidizing a carbonaceous fuel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE792871A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA957162A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2139363A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1395422A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2291682A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1996-01-31 | Shell Int Research | Gas turbine using low-btu fuel |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1048355B (en) * | 1974-10-30 | 1980-11-20 | Engelhard Min & Chem | THERMODYNAMIC PROCEDURE FOR GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH THERMAL ENERGY AND PRODUCING MECHANICAL ENERGY FROM THEM IN A GAS TURBINE AND RELATED TURBINE PLANT |
| MX3874E (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1981-08-26 | Engelhard Min & Chem | IMPROVEMENTS IN METHOD TO INITIATE A COMBUSTION SYSTEM USING A CATALYST |
| US4054407A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-10-18 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | Method of combusting nitrogen-containing fuels |
| JPS5578156A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-06-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Device to accelerate starting and to reduce nox for diesel engine |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2095065A (en) * | 1933-01-25 | 1937-10-05 | Joseph W Hays | Surface combustion process |
| GB690805A (en) * | 1949-03-17 | 1953-04-29 | Eugene Jules Houdry | Improvements relating to piston engines operated by catalytic oxidation of fuel |
| GB741506A (en) * | 1953-06-23 | 1955-12-07 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to open cycle gas turbine power plants |
| US3155142A (en) * | 1961-02-13 | 1964-11-03 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Radiant gas burner |
| US3441359A (en) * | 1967-04-26 | 1969-04-29 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Catalytic radiant heater |
| US3685950A (en) * | 1969-06-23 | 1972-08-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Combustion apparatus for mixing fuel and air in divided portions |
-
1972
- 1972-05-09 FR FR7216503A patent/FR2139363A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-05-10 CA CA141,801A patent/CA957162A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-05-12 GB GB2249472A patent/GB1395422A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-15 BE BE792871D patent/BE792871A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2291682A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1996-01-31 | Shell Int Research | Gas turbine using low-btu fuel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA957162A (en) | 1974-11-05 |
| FR2139363A5 (en) | 1973-01-05 |
| BE792871A (en) | 1973-06-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| 433D | Application made for revocation (sect. 33/1949) | ||
| 433C | Case decided by the comptroller ** specification amended (sect. 33/1949) | ||
| SP | Amendment (slips) printed | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |