GB1256395A - Electrical surface heating - Google Patents

Electrical surface heating

Info

Publication number
GB1256395A
GB1256395A GB22063/69A GB2206369A GB1256395A GB 1256395 A GB1256395 A GB 1256395A GB 22063/69 A GB22063/69 A GB 22063/69A GB 2206369 A GB2206369 A GB 2206369A GB 1256395 A GB1256395 A GB 1256395A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
layer
heating
resin
graphite
metal strips
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB22063/69A
Inventor
Kurt Gaiser
Erich Kraft
Dieter Gotz
Hans Hauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB1256395A publication Critical patent/GB1256395A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/286—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an organic material, e.g. plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
    • B64D15/12—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by electric heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

1,256,395. Laminated heating elements. K. GAISER, E. KRAFT, D. GOTZ, and H. HAUSER. 30 April, 1969 [11 May, 1968], No. 22063/69. Heading B5N. [Also in Division H5] A surface heating resistor comprises a layer 3 of graphite in a cold setting, synthetic casting resin, sandwiched between two insulating layers 2, 4, e.g. of synthetic resin, and provided with suitable current supply terminals 7, Fig. 2 (not shown). The layer 3 may be 50-70% polyester resin and 50-30% graphite, and this resin may be 35-45% weakly reactive polyester resin and 10-20% medium reactive polyester resin and up to 5% monomeric reactive ester resin. The mixture also contains conventional accelerators for cold curing purposes, and other additions, such as 1À5-1À7% methylethyl ketone peroxide and paraffin wax. In an alternative, the layer 3 is 40-70% polyurethane resin and 60-30% graphite. Epoxy resins, alkyd resins and phenol resins are further alternatives. The heating layers are applied by coating, painting or spraying or the heating elements are preformed plates or films, possibly strengthened with glass fibres, or are cast in situ. An earthed protective layer 5 and an outer mechanically protective layer 6 are provided. One layer can be provided as a heat storage layer, and the layers 5, 6 preferably have high heat conductivity. Applications to space heating and deicing are mentioned, particularly floors, walls, ceilings, partitions, roads, bridges, terraces, pathways and aircraft surfaces. When the heating layer is a film, it may be calendered and then cut to the necessary dimensions. It can be supplied in long webs or cut pieces. The heating element can be operated direct from the mains supply or via a transformer. Terminals 7 may be perforated strips embedded in the heating layer 3. Alternatively, metal strips line the edges of layer 3 and a plurality of heating elements are interconnected in series or parallel using contact springs between these metal strips. Additional metal strips may be embedded in layer 3 for optional connection to a current supply, e.g. to improve the current distribution or to allow for acceleration of hardening of the heating layer.
GB22063/69A 1968-05-11 1969-04-30 Electrical surface heating Expired GB1256395A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681778570 DE1778570A1 (en) 1968-05-11 1968-05-11 Electric surface heating

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1256395A true GB1256395A (en) 1971-12-08

Family

ID=5703508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB22063/69A Expired GB1256395A (en) 1968-05-11 1969-04-30 Electrical surface heating

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AT (1) AT289969B (en)
CH (1) CH506226A (en)
DE (1) DE1778570A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2008334A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1256395A (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995012785A1 (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-11 Darcon Golvsystem Ab Surface heater, method for manufacturing same, construction element and use thereof
FR2798548A1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2001-03-16 Muller Et Cie Radiator electrical heating unit having calorific source mains fed/outer guard cover and intermediate electrically conducting screen neutral mains connected.
GB2423224A (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-08-16 Goodrich Corp Heated floor panel for aircraft
WO2009055959A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Boquan Wang Electric heating panel, and manufacturing method and usage thereof
ITAL20100001A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-07-08 Francesco Calogero THERMO-RADIANT PANEL FOR AIR-CONDITIONING OF ENVIRONMENTS AND METHOD FOR ITS REALIZATION.
CN112178742A (en) * 2020-09-25 2021-01-05 付成龙 Electric heating floor heating pipe
CN112591105A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-02 中国航空工业集团公司成都飞机设计研究所 Electric heating and self-lubricating composite anti-icing and deicing functional structure
CN112629093A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-04-09 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 Method for removing ice growing on surface of film hot knife and model
NO20191312A1 (en) * 2019-11-04 2021-05-05 Safe Arctic As A heat module for a flooring, a heat module device, a heat module arrangement, a method for producing a heat module, and use of such module, device and arrangement
CN113079596A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-06 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Electric heating membrane assembly and forming method thereof

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI80828C (en) * 1988-04-08 1990-08-10 Piscina Oy ANORDINATION FOR THE END OF VAT.
JPH02504197A (en) * 1988-05-04 1990-11-29 アクリリコン　ノルゲ　エーエス surface coating
WO1991004447A1 (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-04-04 Norina Bautechnik Gmbh Floor with electrical resistance heating
DE4036848A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-21 Buchtal Gmbh HEATABLE COATING FROM CERAMIC COVER PANELS
DE4036849A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-21 Buchtal Gmbh ELECTRICALLY HEATED CERAMIC PLATE
GB2281017B (en) * 1991-04-26 1995-05-03 Merriott Mouldings Limited A heating device
DE19726689B8 (en) * 1997-06-24 2008-02-28 Ts Thermo Systeme Gmbh Electric heating system for heating a room in flats and buildings by large-scale heat dissipation
US8630534B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2014-01-14 Airbus Operations Gmbh Heating system and component with such a heating system
DE102006012647B4 (en) * 2006-03-20 2008-01-31 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Heating system and component with such a heating system
DE102006024383A1 (en) 2006-05-24 2007-11-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Device for increasing individual comfort in an aircraft
CN103974470A (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-06 刘佳 Epoxy fiber plate heat insulation module
DE102017011019A1 (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-29 ZKS Effektiv Heizung GmbH Building material mixture for use as an electrical heating material mixture and radiator with such a building material mixture
CN111289804B (en) * 2020-03-03 2021-02-19 西南交通大学 Method for evaluating correlation between transformer oil paper insulation dielectric response and paraffin content

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995012785A1 (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-11 Darcon Golvsystem Ab Surface heater, method for manufacturing same, construction element and use thereof
FR2798548A1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2001-03-16 Muller Et Cie Radiator electrical heating unit having calorific source mains fed/outer guard cover and intermediate electrically conducting screen neutral mains connected.
GB2423224A (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-08-16 Goodrich Corp Heated floor panel for aircraft
GB2423224B (en) * 2004-12-23 2008-04-02 Goodrich Corp Aircraft floor panel
WO2009055959A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Boquan Wang Electric heating panel, and manufacturing method and usage thereof
ITAL20100001A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-07-08 Francesco Calogero THERMO-RADIANT PANEL FOR AIR-CONDITIONING OF ENVIRONMENTS AND METHOD FOR ITS REALIZATION.
NO20191312A1 (en) * 2019-11-04 2021-05-05 Safe Arctic As A heat module for a flooring, a heat module device, a heat module arrangement, a method for producing a heat module, and use of such module, device and arrangement
CN112178742A (en) * 2020-09-25 2021-01-05 付成龙 Electric heating floor heating pipe
CN112591105A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-02 中国航空工业集团公司成都飞机设计研究所 Electric heating and self-lubricating composite anti-icing and deicing functional structure
CN112629093A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-04-09 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 Method for removing ice growing on surface of film hot knife and model
CN112629093B (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-07-02 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 Method for removing ice growing on surface of film hot knife and model
CN113079596A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-06 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Electric heating membrane assembly and forming method thereof
CN113079596B (en) * 2021-04-02 2022-06-03 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Electric heating membrane assembly and forming method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2008334A1 (en) 1970-01-16
CH506226A (en) 1971-04-15
AT289969B (en) 1971-05-10
DE1778570A1 (en) 1972-03-23

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