GB1249002A - Improvements in or relating to nickel metal or nickel alloy plating - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to nickel metal or nickel alloy platingInfo
- Publication number
- GB1249002A GB1249002A GB2668569A GB2668569A GB1249002A GB 1249002 A GB1249002 A GB 1249002A GB 2668569 A GB2668569 A GB 2668569A GB 2668569 A GB2668569 A GB 2668569A GB 1249002 A GB1249002 A GB 1249002A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- electro
- bright
- bath
- microns thick
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
- C25D5/611—Smooth layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/623—Porosity of the layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/625—Discontinuous layers, e.g. microcracked layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/627—Electroplating characterised by the visual appearance of the layers, e.g. colour, brightness or mat appearance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S205/00—Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions
- Y10S205/917—Treatment of workpiece between coating steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
- Y10S428/924—Composite
- Y10S428/925—Relative dimension specified
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/927—Decorative informative
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/934—Electrical process
- Y10S428/935—Electroplating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/936—Chemical deposition, e.g. electroless plating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
- Y10T428/12396—Discontinuous surface component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12472—Microscopic interfacial wave or roughness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
- Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/1266—O, S, or organic compound in metal component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/1266—O, S, or organic compound in metal component
- Y10T428/12667—Oxide of transition metal or Al
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
- Y10T428/12854—Next to Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12882—Cu-base component alternative to Ag-, Au-, or Ni-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
- Y10T428/249979—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative] or numerical cell dimension
Abstract
1,249,002. Electro-depositing micro-porous. chromium on prepared nickel plate. M & T CHEMICALS Inc. May 27, 1969 [June 17, 1968], No. 26685/69. Heading C7B. A Ni or Ni alloy (e.g. Ni-Co) plated article receptive to a decorative micro-porous and cracked Cr plate is prepared by affixing to a basis material bearing a metal surface a stratum of particles of 005-15 micron size and density of 100-5, 000, 000 particles/sq cm of metal surface, and depositing in the stratum of particles a Ni or Ni alloy layer having a tensile stress of at least 8, 400 (e.g. to 14, 000) kg/sq cm and an effective thickness (e.g. of 01-1À0 micron) less than the maximum thickness of the stratum, to form a matrix wherein particles are retained affixed to the surface in the layer and at least some of the particles intercept the layer surface. The basis material may be metallic, e.g. Fe, steel, brass, bronze, Cu, Zn, Al, Mg, Ni metal or alloy; or plastic, e.g. A-B-S resin, acetals, acrylics, alkyds, allyls, amines, cellulosics, chlorinated polyethers, epoxys, furanes, fluorocarbons, isocyanates (urethanes) polyamides (nylons), phenoxys, phenolics, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylines, silicones, polystyrenes, polyvinyls or copolymers thereof, rendered conductive e.g. by a Ni deposit. Preferably metallic basis material, e.g. steel, Zn or brass, is initially plated with Cu, bronze or semi-bright Ni, followed with a bright Ni plate. After cathodically cleaning in alkaline cleaner and water or acid rinsing, the basis metal is preferably given a Ni flash or strike 0À6-1À8 microns thick by electro-deposition from a NiCl 2 -NiSO 4 - HCl bath; then a bright Cu plate 0À8-24 microns thick from a CuSO 4 -H 2 SO 4 bath with additives including polyoxyethanols, aldehyde, thiazolidine thione, mercaptothiazoline, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylene thiourea, y, γ<SP>1</SP> -thio dipropyl sulphonate di-2-(7-sulphonate naphthyl) methane, 2, 4, 7, 9- tetramethyl-4-7-di (hydroxy, polyethoxy), decyn-5; followed by semi-bright (e.g. 12À5 microns thick) and bright (e.g. 7À5 microns thick) plates electrodeposited from a Watts, chloride or chloride-free sulphamate, hyrophosphate or fluoborate bath, examples of which are specified. Brighteners and wetting agents in these baths include K 6- sulpho-w-propyl coumarin, Na dihexyl sulphosuccinate, butyne 1, 4-diol, tris-cyanoethyl- 2-thiohydantoin, and Na lauryl sulphate. The particles may be spherical to elongated, angular or platelet-shaped, and may be affixed by blowing the particles over the metal surface, by dipping the basis material intc a fluidized bed of the particles, or by electro-static or electro-phoretic depositing. Particles of talc, kaolin, wax, graphite, MoS 2 , WS 2 , pigments (e.g. barytes, Cr-Co green, Co-Al blue), SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , plastic (e.g. polymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and chloride), diatomite, Al, activated C, Na 2 SiO 3 , CaCO 3 , carbides and/or S may be used. Additives such as amides, amines, alcohols or acetylinics may be present. The particles may be suspended in a concentration of 0À1-1% in a water, nickelplating or latex bath which may include surfactants, dispersants, thixotrophes, emulsifiers, e.g. alginates, lignosulphonates, gelatine, hydroxy ethyl cellulose and/or dimethyl oleamide, and electrolytes, e.g. Na 2 SO 4 , heavy metal salts or acids. Many resin and rubber latex baths are specified. Electro-plating baths for depositing the high stress Ni (alloy) layer (e.g. 0À02-3 microns thick) may contain (in g/l): (1) 110-225 NiCl 2 -6H 2 O, 300-900 Ni(BF 4 ) 2 , 0À002-0À4 primary brightener e.g. butyne diol, 0À1-1 secondary, brightener e.g. saccharin and 0À1-0À8 additive heterocyclic compound having at least 2N in an otherwise carbocyclic ring, preferably hexamethylene tetramine, pyrazine, 2, 6-dimethyl pyrazine or 1:1<SP>1</SP> ethylene 2:21 dipyridinium dichloride; many other brighteners and additives are specified. (2) 60-400 NiSo 4 6H 2 O, 1À6-13À5 NH 4 + , 13-45 H 3 BO 3 and 0À2-0À8 brightener acetylenic compound; numerous compounds are specified. (3) 200-400 NiSO 4 6H 2 O, 30-75 NiCl 2 6H 2 O, 2À5-145 CoSO 4 7H 2 O, 30-50 H 3 BO 3 , 0À5-1À0 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 1À5-4À0 formaldehyde and 30-60 nickel formate. The final Cr plate (e.g. 0À02-5 micron thick) may be electro-deposited from a bath containing CrO 3 (e.g. from Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) and SO 4 -- (e.g. from Na 2 SO 4 or SrSO 4 ), with or without SiF 6 -- (e.g. from Na 2 SiF 6 ).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US73776768A | 1968-06-17 | 1968-06-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1249002A true GB1249002A (en) | 1971-10-06 |
Family
ID=24965229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB2668569A Expired GB1249002A (en) | 1968-06-17 | 1969-05-27 | Improvements in or relating to nickel metal or nickel alloy plating |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3591350A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4827580B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE734627A (en) |
CH (1) | CH537461A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1930820A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES368367A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2011062A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1249002A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6909222A (en) |
SE (1) | SE357006B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2412699A1 (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-20 | Gen Electric | GAS SEAL CONSTITUTES OF A FIXED PART AND A MOVABLE PART. |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5413979B2 (en) * | 1975-01-23 | 1979-06-04 | ||
US4311768A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1982-01-19 | Gould Inc. | Printed circuit board having mutually etchable copper and nickel layers |
US4190474A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1980-02-26 | Gould Inc. | Method of making a printed circuit board having mutually etchable copper and nickel layers |
DE3144859A1 (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1982-08-12 | Four Brain K.K., Hiroshima | Method of bonding metal and ceramic, prosthetic teeth made by this bonding method and composite primary plating materials for use in the bonding method |
CA2110124C (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 2000-04-25 | Nobuo Totsuka | Surface-treated metal sheet which excels in workability, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance, and method of producing the same |
US6472014B1 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-10-29 | Novellus Systems, Inc. | Uniform surface texturing for PVD/CVD hardware |
FR2848219B1 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2006-12-01 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR USE AS LUBRICATING COATING |
CN100383110C (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2008-04-23 | 冬姆佩制药股份公司 | Chiral arylketones in the treatment of neutrophil-dependent inflammatory diseases |
KR100709288B1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-04-19 | 한국과학기술연구원 | CoPtP THIN FILM HAVING VERY HIGH PERPENDICULAR MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
KR100709290B1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-04-19 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Composite layer including metal and inorganic powders and method for manufacturing the same |
US8152985B2 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2012-04-10 | Arlington Plating Company | Method of chrome plating magnesium and magnesium alloys |
US8388824B2 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2013-03-05 | Enthone Inc. | Method and composition for electrodeposition of copper in microelectronics with dipyridyl-based levelers |
CN106065491B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-06-26 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of amorphous Ni-W-TiO2The preparation method of nano-composite plate |
DE102019127658A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-15 | Hueck Rheinische Gmbh | Press tool and method of making a press tool |
CN114163086B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 海南大学 | Treatment device and method for heavy metal polluted wastewater |
-
1968
- 1968-06-17 US US3591350D patent/US3591350A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-05-27 GB GB2668569A patent/GB1249002A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-06-10 SE SE821869A patent/SE357006B/xx unknown
- 1969-06-14 ES ES368367A patent/ES368367A1/en not_active Expired
- 1969-06-16 BE BE734627D patent/BE734627A/xx unknown
- 1969-06-16 FR FR6919919A patent/FR2011062A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-06-17 JP JP4783969A patent/JPS4827580B1/ja active Pending
- 1969-06-17 NL NL6909222A patent/NL6909222A/xx unknown
- 1969-06-17 CH CH924069A patent/CH537461A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-06-18 DE DE19691930820 patent/DE1930820A1/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2412699A1 (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-20 | Gen Electric | GAS SEAL CONSTITUTES OF A FIXED PART AND A MOVABLE PART. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES368367A1 (en) | 1971-05-01 |
BE734627A (en) | 1969-12-01 |
CH537461A (en) | 1973-05-31 |
JPS4827580B1 (en) | 1973-08-23 |
SE357006B (en) | 1973-06-12 |
NL6909222A (en) | 1969-12-19 |
FR2011062A1 (en) | 1970-02-27 |
DE1930820A1 (en) | 1970-02-12 |
US3591350A (en) | 1971-07-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
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