GB1220814A - Radiometer apparatus - Google Patents
Radiometer apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- GB1220814A GB1220814A GB664568A GB664568A GB1220814A GB 1220814 A GB1220814 A GB 1220814A GB 664568 A GB664568 A GB 664568A GB 664568 A GB664568 A GB 664568A GB 1220814 A GB1220814 A GB 1220814A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- detector
- channel
- region
- mirror
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
- G01N21/538—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke for determining atmospheric attenuation and visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/60—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using determination of colour temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2001/4242—Modulated light, e.g. for synchronizing source and detector circuit
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
1,220,814. Position finding. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 28 Feb., 1968 [1 March, 1967; 9 Feb., 1968], Nos. 9790/67 and 6645/68. Heading H4D. [Also in Division G1] Apparatus for measuring a physical variable such as temperature or water content of a region of an atmosphere receives radiation emitted from the region (together with other radiation arriving from other sources in that direction) and passes it through a band-pass filter to a chopper device which periodically passes it through a chamber containing a component of the atmosphere (e.g. carbon dioxide or water vapour) to a synchronous detector. The arrangement described which may be mounted on a weather satellite or may be a turbulence detector mounted on an aircraft measures the spectral emission intensity of the component at the region by using at least one chamber containing the same component as a filter which absorbs the required signal or the major part of it. The weather satellite embodiment shown has two distinct detection channels A and B receiving on different principles and from different distances. It is stated that due to self absorption by the atmosphere a signal detected at any radiated frequency originates predominately from a predetermined distance away. To obtain an adequate signal level each channel receives a band of frequencies with similar absorption characteristics and thus originating from the same zone. Channel A incorporates a single absorption chamber 2A (containing carbon dioxide which absorbs the signal at the centre of each line of carbon dioxide completely) and a detector 11A (thermistor bolometer or pyro-electric) which responds to radiators closely adjacent these centre lines. A chopper comprising a reciprocating black blade 3A alternately allows infra-red or microwave radiation arriving from the region via a mirror 1A (which may be gold plated aluminium) and background radiation (e.g. from space) arriving via a mirror 5A to enter the channel and the detector circuit which includes a transistor preamplifier, a synchronous integrator, a main amplifier and a synchronous detector responds to the difference signal. Germanium lens 6A, 7A, 8A and 12A focus the radiation on the detector. Lens 12A has a low-pass blocking filter deposited on one face and all lens have a non-reflective quarter-wave coating of zinc sulphide. The band pass filter comprises a multilayer interference filter comprising coatings on a germanium plate 10A. The radiation is directed on to the detector by a light guide 13 which is gold plated. The mirror 1A can be turned by a motor 21A to receive radiation from a reference black body 22A to receive the background radiation for periodic checks. The filter 10A may also be changed for one which does not pass the CO 2 radiation band during such checks. The equipment of this channel is suitable for detecting radiation from a region a relatively great distance away. The other channel B is more suited to near distance detection and has two chambers 2B1 and 2B2 one containing the component (CO 2 ) and the other a vacuum or the component at low pressure. The chopper comprises a reciprocating mirror 3B which passes radiation from space alternately through the two chambers and simultaneously blocks off radiation from the region under test and arriving via the mirror 1B through the chamber. It is suggested that a chopping effect could be produced by having the chambers 2B1 and 2B2 mounted for rotation as a unit. An embodiment (Fig. 10, not shown) having two channels each similar to channel A above but employing a common rotating chopper is also described. The channels operate at different pass-bands and accordingly are tuned to different ranges. The difference signal measures the temperature gradient between the two detection regions. Such a system may be mounted on an aircraft and used to detect air turbulence. A gimbal mounted unit which may be located inside a wing tip fuel tank and which can scan in vertical and horizontal directions for three-dimensional soundings is also described.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US707599A US3498132A (en) | 1967-03-01 | 1968-02-23 | Radiometer apparatus |
FR1570526D FR1570526A (en) | 1967-03-01 | 1968-03-01 | |
DE19681698094 DE1698094A1 (en) | 1967-03-01 | 1968-03-01 | Radiometer device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB979067 | 1967-03-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1220814A true GB1220814A (en) | 1971-01-27 |
Family
ID=9878817
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB664568A Expired GB1220814A (en) | 1967-03-01 | 1967-03-01 | Radiometer apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB1220814A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2182769A (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1987-05-20 | Eltro Gmbh | Detecting small targets |
WO2010118750A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Danfoss Ixa A/S | Gas sensor utilizing bandpass filters to measure temperature of an emitter |
RU2447453C1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-04-10 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт энергетических проблем химической физики РАН | Thin-film heat sensor having waveguide input for measuring power of pulsed microwave radiation |
CN107193035A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 华中科技大学 | The detection system and method for pump atom are returned in a kind of atomic interferometer based on microwave |
CN112964714A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-15 | 北京理工大学 | Weak infrared radiation degree measuring device and method suitable for low-temperature vacuum cold chamber environment |
-
1967
- 1967-03-01 GB GB664568A patent/GB1220814A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2182769A (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1987-05-20 | Eltro Gmbh | Detecting small targets |
WO2010118750A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Danfoss Ixa A/S | Gas sensor utilizing bandpass filters to measure temperature of an emitter |
RU2447453C1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-04-10 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт энергетических проблем химической физики РАН | Thin-film heat sensor having waveguide input for measuring power of pulsed microwave radiation |
CN107193035A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 华中科技大学 | The detection system and method for pump atom are returned in a kind of atomic interferometer based on microwave |
CN107193035B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2023-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Detection system and method based on microwave pump-back atoms in atomic interferometer |
CN112964714A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-15 | 北京理工大学 | Weak infrared radiation degree measuring device and method suitable for low-temperature vacuum cold chamber environment |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3662171A (en) | Methane gas detection system using infrared | |
US2237193A (en) | Detection of objects by electromagnetic rays | |
US3860818A (en) | Atmospheric pollution monitor | |
US3551676A (en) | Aircraft collision warning system with panoramic viewing reflections | |
US3780293A (en) | Dual beam radiometer for clear air turbulence measurement | |
US3796396A (en) | Method and apparatus for modulating a pyrotechnic tracer | |
GB2173664A (en) | Laser warning sensor | |
US3084253A (en) | Continuously self-calibrating differential detection system | |
US3026413A (en) | Determining the range of an infra-red source with respect to a point | |
US3103586A (en) | Passive infrared ranging device using absorption bands of water vapor or carbon dioxide | |
US3498132A (en) | Radiometer apparatus | |
GB1220814A (en) | Radiometer apparatus | |
US3696670A (en) | Method and system for detecting clear air turbulence | |
US4600305A (en) | Dynamic energy centroid locator and processor (declp) | |
US2742578A (en) | Infrared image detecting system | |
US2975284A (en) | Controlled approach aircraft landing systems | |
US3528741A (en) | Apparatus for measuring velocity by the detection of scattered light | |
US3459951A (en) | Photometric analyzer for comparing absorption of wavelength of maximum absorption with wavelength of minimum absorption | |
US3398285A (en) | Spectro-radiometer with means for eliminating background noise | |
US3719424A (en) | Radiant energy sensor | |
US3098225A (en) | Measuring process | |
US3402295A (en) | Process for measuring the distance from thermal discontinuities in the atmosphere | |
US3219822A (en) | Infrared search system | |
US3715594A (en) | Space vehicle system for determining earth's ultraviolet radiation limb | |
US3875408A (en) | Method and device for ascertaining thermal constrasts |