GB1019948A - Electrodialysis liquid treatment systems - Google Patents
Electrodialysis liquid treatment systemsInfo
- Publication number
- GB1019948A GB1019948A GB36230/62A GB3623062A GB1019948A GB 1019948 A GB1019948 A GB 1019948A GB 36230/62 A GB36230/62 A GB 36230/62A GB 3623062 A GB3623062 A GB 3623062A GB 1019948 A GB1019948 A GB 1019948A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- anode
- stack
- electrode
- gauze
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/463—Apparatus therefor comprising the membrane sequence AC or CA, where C is a cation exchange membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/52—Accessories; Auxiliary operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2661—Addition of gas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
In electrodialysis apparatus, hydrogen introduced at an anode is converted to acid. As shown in Fig. 1, H2 liberated at a cathode 21 is pumped from a gas collector 28 to catalysing anode 37 where it is converted into hydrogen ions. The cell comprises end blocks 10, 11, the cathode 21, frame members or gaskets 15, 18, a connecting tube 26, a cation selectively <FORM:1019948/C6-C7/1> permeable membrane 14, an anion selectively permeable membrane 17 and the catalysing electrode 20 which itself comprises a cation selectively permeable membrane 35 and wire mesh 37 bearing finely divided Pt. Salt water is supplied to the cell through tubes 24, 27 and, as a result of the electrodialysis together with the pumping of H2 from the cathode to anode, aq. HCl and NaOH are produced which are removed through tubes 25 and 31 respectively. The cell may alternatively be used to generate H2SO4 from Na2SO4 and to generate CH3COOH from CH3COONa. The catalyzing electrode 20 may be made by coating an ion selectively permeable membrane on one side with Pt black powder and bonding to it with heat and pressure a Pt gauze (or a Ti or Ta gauze which has been coated with Pt), the gauze having a coating of sponge Pt. The sponge Pt may be applied by immersing the gauze as cathode in chloroplatinic acid for one minute at a current density of 100-150 ma/sq.cm. Alternatively, the electrode 20 may be made by coating a porous polyethylene sheet with Ag conducting paint, allowing the paint to dry and immersing the sheet in a solution of chloroplatinic acid when Pt replaces the Ag. The sheet may be connected as cathode. Fig. 5 (not shown) illustrates an electrodialysis stack wherein acid generated as in the Fig. 1 construction tends to prevent the formation of harmful precipitates within the stack. The stack comprises a cation selectively permeable catalytic anode 44 and a cathode 45 separated by alternate anion and cation selectively permeable membranes 47, 48. Liquid to be treated enters the stack at 49 and 50, H2 released at the cathode 45 is pumped to the anode 44, base generated at the cathode is removed through tube 64, an acid concentrated stream is removed through tube 58 and a diluted product stream through tube 61. Electrode washing streams are indicated at 62, 63, and 51. Fig. 6 (not shown) illustrates an electrodialysis stack wherein cathodic H2 is pumped to a catalysing anode as in Fig. 5 but wherein there is parallel flow of liquid through the stack compartments rather than series flow. In this case acid generated in a compartment 55 is pumped direct to the cathode compartment where it neutralizes the base formed at the cathode and neutralized liquid from a gas collector 52 is returned to the compartment 55. In the embodiments, the catalyzing electrode functions in the same manner as does one-half of a fuel cell, and the power requirements are reduced. Operation at temperatures up to 150 DEG C. can be achieved by using perhaloethylene instead of polyethylene membranes. In some embodiments, the hydrogen generated at the cathode is allowed to escape and hydrogen from an external source is introduced at the anode.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14475161A | 1961-10-12 | 1961-10-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1019948A true GB1019948A (en) | 1966-02-09 |
Family
ID=22509962
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB36230/62A Expired GB1019948A (en) | 1961-10-12 | 1962-09-24 | Electrodialysis liquid treatment systems |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB1019948A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109336064A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 宜宾海丝特纤维有限责任公司 | A kind of viscose sodium sulfate waste liquor multi-level handling system |
-
1962
- 1962-09-24 GB GB36230/62A patent/GB1019948A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109336064A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 宜宾海丝特纤维有限责任公司 | A kind of viscose sodium sulfate waste liquor multi-level handling system |
CN109336064B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-03-18 | 宜宾海丝特纤维有限责任公司 | Viscose fiber sodium sulfate waste liquid multistage processing system |
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