GB1013171A - Method and apparatus for continuously indicating the amount of a substance in a basematerial - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for continuously indicating the amount of a substance in a basematerialInfo
- Publication number
- GB1013171A GB1013171A GB3039062A GB3039062A GB1013171A GB 1013171 A GB1013171 A GB 1013171A GB 3039062 A GB3039062 A GB 3039062A GB 3039062 A GB3039062 A GB 3039062A GB 1013171 A GB1013171 A GB 1013171A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- filter
- amount
- substance
- band
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 5
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/34—Paper
- G01N33/346—Paper sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
1,013,171. Infra-red testing. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Aug. 8, 1962 [Oct. 9, 1961], No. 30390/62. Heading G1A. In an arrangement for determining the amount of a substance in a base material (e.g. the amount of water in a moving sheet of material utilized for paper manufacture) the material is exposed cyclically and alternately to two beams of infrared radiation in discrete wavelength bands which are selected such that the intensity of the radiation in one band which is reflected by the material is related to the amount of the substance present whilst the reflected intensity of the other band is independent of the presence of the substance, the reflected intensities of both bands, however, being equally affected by changes in the material itself. Fig. 1, shows the complete arrangement schematically whilst Figs. 2 and 3 show details of the "optics" of the arrangement. As shown, radiation from a lamp 2 is directed via the operative one of two filters 4, 5, rotated about axis 28, through infrared transmissive windows 8, 9 in a hollow "intergrating" sphere 7 on to a moving sheet 1 of wet material (e.g. in a paper making machine) reflected radiation from which enters the sphere via window 9 and is received by a photo-sensitive device 6, the sheet 1 being "canted" to prevent direct reflection back through window 8. The substance to be measured is the amount of water in the sheet and filter 4 is therefore selected to pass a frequency band at which infra-red radiation is strongly absorbed by water in paper. In the present arrangement filter 4 has a pass-band centered at 1.94 microns (which is one of several possible wavelengths) and filter 5, passing the reference radiation, has a pass-band centred at 1. 63 microns (which, again is one of several wavelengths). The photosensitive device 6 thus receives pulses of radiation the amplitudes of which depend, on the amount of water present and on factors independent of the water content, such as reflectance from the base material (filter 4 operative) and pulses of amplitude depending only on the latter factors (filter 5 operative). In operation the filters are rotated (about axis 28) at 600 r.p.m. by the belt, pulley and motor arrangement 30... 33 and the resulting electrical output of device 6 is fed via pre-amplifier 10 to an automatic variable gain amplifier 13. .. 15 which compensates for variations e.g. in line voltage, intensity of source 2 and in the bias on device 6 and supplies its output to a tuned amplifier 16 which amplifies the filter change frequency i.e. a 10 c.p.s. waveform. The latter is fed to a demodulator 19 which utilizing a reference signal generated photo-electrically by photosensitive device 18 and a 180 degrees slot 21 rotating with filters 4, 5, operates to integrate the input waveform and to supply an output D.C. current depending on the difference between the averaged electrical pulses representative of filters 4 and 5 to an indicating device 34 calibrated to indicate the percentage of moisture in the paper. The photosensitive device 6,which may consist of a plurality of single units in parallel, may comprise a lead sulphide photocell, a bolometer or a photovoltate cell. Instead of using a slot such as 21 for generating the 10 c.p.s. reference signal, a single hole at each end of the slot producing the pulses for triggering a multivibrator may be employed. Alternatively the reference signal may be generated by a magnet carried by the filter support and co-operating with a stationary coil.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US143749A US3150264A (en) | 1961-10-09 | 1961-10-09 | Infrared reflection and absorption system for measuring the quantity of a substance that is sorbed in a base material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1013171A true GB1013171A (en) | 1965-12-15 |
Family
ID=22505423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB3039062A Expired GB1013171A (en) | 1961-10-09 | 1962-08-08 | Method and apparatus for continuously indicating the amount of a substance in a basematerial |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH399011A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1013171A (en) |
NL (1) | NL283327A (en) |
SE (1) | SE303054B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0137696A2 (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-04-17 | The Wiggins Teape Group Limited | Method and apparatus for measuring water content |
GB2303444A (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-02-19 | Protimeter Plc | Method of and apparatus for detecting moisture |
CN112798554A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-14 | 绵阳同成智能装备股份有限公司 | Paper quantitative moisture detection system based on infrared technology |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK145356C (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1983-05-24 | Slagteriernes Forskningsinst | PROCEDURE FOR THE DETECTION OF ORNAMENT AND TASTE OF INDIVIDUAL GENESIS OF UNCASTERED ORS OR PARTS THEREOF |
HU192395B (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1987-06-29 | Gabor Kemeny | Optical reflexion concentration meter |
-
0
- NL NL283327D patent/NL283327A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-08-08 GB GB3039062A patent/GB1013171A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-09-14 SE SE995962A patent/SE303054B/xx unknown
- 1962-10-09 CH CH1185762A patent/CH399011A/en unknown
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0137696A2 (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-04-17 | The Wiggins Teape Group Limited | Method and apparatus for measuring water content |
EP0137696A3 (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1986-06-25 | The Wiggins Teape Group Limited | Method and apparatus for measuring water content |
AU570264B2 (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1988-03-10 | Wiggins Teape Group Limited, The | Measuring water content |
US4840706A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1989-06-20 | The Wiggins Teape Group Limited | Method and apparatus for measuring water content |
GB2303444A (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-02-19 | Protimeter Plc | Method of and apparatus for detecting moisture |
GB2303444B (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1999-03-10 | Protimeter Plc | Method of and apparatus for detecting moisture |
CN112798554A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-14 | 绵阳同成智能装备股份有限公司 | Paper quantitative moisture detection system based on infrared technology |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH399011A (en) | 1966-03-15 |
NL283327A (en) | |
SE303054B (en) | 1968-08-12 |
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