FR3138505A1 - Coupling of several heat generators for central heating installation - Google Patents

Abstract

Adaptation kit 1 for a central heating installation 22 using heat transfer liquid, said installation comprising a controllable boiler 221 being connected to a set of radiators 222, said installation 22 comprising a first loop L1 for circulating the heat transfer liquid, said first loop comprising said controllable boiler 221 and said set of radiators 222, said installation 22 being coupled to a boiler 21 by means of a second loop L2 for circulating the heat transfer liquid, by means of a three-way passive thermostatic valve 11, comprising an inlet for hot heat transfer liquid 111, an inlet for cold heat transfer liquid 112 and a heat transfer liquid outlet 113, and a device ensuring progressive mixing of the cold and hot heat transfer liquids by the action of a passive thermostatic member calibrated at a temperature transition T chosen.

Description

Coupling of several heat generators for central heating installation Field of the invention

The present invention aims to improve heating and domestic hot water production installations, using several heat generators.

State of the art

We know the heating installations comprising a controllable boiler, using fossil energy (gas or fuel oil) or formed by a heat pump, coupled with a wood boiler, the controllable boiler operating in addition to the wood boiler when the latter does not produce not enough heating power compared to the demand of the installation. In this document, a boiler that can be activated and deactivated based on a command, generally a simple thermostatic control, is called a “controllable boiler” and this without inertia in the control.

We also know devices using a solar panel with heat transfer fluid (pure water or water with antifreeze), the solar panel being coupled to a calorie accumulator formed by a water tank, heated by circulation of heat transfer fluid between the accumulator and the solar panel when temperature conditions permit. Conventionally, such a device is used to heat domestic hot water and/or is coupled to a controllable boiler to operate as heating assistance. The expression “heating assistance” means that the calories needed for heating are essentially produced by the controllable boiler and that the solar panel device only produces calories when weather conditions permit. In addition, considerations of economic optimization of the installation and its operation lead to eminently variable installed power sizing, which means that the respective shares of calories produced also depend on these sizing choices. In this document, “solar panel” refers exclusively to a panel in which a heat transfer fluid heated by the action of the sun can circulate, and not to photovoltaic panels.

Furthermore, wood stoves and fireplace inserts are also very successful due to the pleasure that a wood fire can bring to a living room. But these heating devices are not strictly speaking controllable, even the most advanced of these devices comprising a closed combustion chamber and a regulation generally acting on the inlet of combustion air to act on the combustion intensity of the drink. Some versions of these heating devices are surrounded by an enclosure comprising coils allowing water to circulate: in this brief, we call this type of device a “boiler”. Compared to conventional stoves or inserts, a boiler further improves efficiency and allows it to be used as a heat generating element, primarily or as heating assistance in a central heating installation.

Among the multiple proposals for associating a wood stove with an installation comprising other heat generators, we can cite patent application FR2925950 in which a wood stove is associated with both a solar panel and an electric boiler which, in the context of this memo, it is considered to be a controllable boiler. Such an installation includes a calorie accumulator, as is classic when there is a solar panel. However, an accumulation device is used formed by cast iron plates to be integrated into the stove, which makes this system impossible to install when there is not sufficient space at the stove, and moreover, the proper functioning of the proposed installation is totally dependent on the proper functioning of motorized valves. In addition, in this patent application, the controllable boiler also heats the calorie accumulator. This is in contradiction with the controllable nature of this source, which does not require anticipation and therefore storage of energy. This arrangement can only minimize the production and storage of the fatal free source that constitutes the solar panel.

The objective of the present invention is to allow the coupling of a boiler to a controllable boiler, without transformation of either a controllable boiler or a boiler compared to commercially available devices. Another objective of the invention is to improve the coupling of a boiler to a controllable boiler, by proposing simple installation means which make it possible to improve the overall efficiency of a central heating installation using two types of generators. of heat, one controllable whatever the primary energy it uses, and the other formed by a boiler, so that the overall heating system which resulted makes it possible to efficiently move the calories produced by the boiler to the both in space, that is to say in rooms of the building distant from the boiler thanks to heating assistance operation as known per se, and in time, that is to say by deferring consumption of a portion of the calories produced.

Another objective of the invention is to propose a diagram for coupling a boiler to a heating installation comprising a controllable boiler whose operation, independently of the power choices of the different heat generators present, automatically adapts as best as possible. to the significant operating inertia in producing heat specific to the boiler, while taking advantage of the presence of a controllable boiler. Another objective of the invention is to propose a coupling scheme which, when a solar panel is also used, automatically adapts as best as possible to the random nature of the heat production by a solar panel.

Presentation of the invention

• une vanne thermostatique passive, à trois voies, comportant une entrée pour liquide caloporteur chaud, une entrée pour liquide caloporteur froid et une sortie de liquide caloporteur, et un dispositif assurant un mélange progressif des liquides caloporteurs froid et chaud par l’action d’un organe thermostatique passif calibré à une température de transition T choisie,
• un raccord de départ vers l’installation permettant le branchement hydraulique à la chaudière pilotable et un raccord de retour d’installation permettant le branchement hydraulique au retour de l’ensemble de radiateurs,
• un raccord de départ vers bouilleur et un raccord de retour de bouilleur,
• ledit raccord de départ vers l’installation étant raccordé à une canalisation de retour bouilleur rejoignant le raccord de retour bouilleur,
• ledit raccord de retour d’installation étant raccordé à une canalisation de retour radiateur rejoignant ladite entrée pour liquide caloporteur froid,
• ladite sortie de liquide caloporteur étant raccordée à une canalisation de départ bouilleur qui rejoint ledit raccord de départ vers bouilleur,
• une première jonction étant raccordée en dérivation à ladite canalisation de retour bouilleur d’une part et d’une autre part à ladite entrée pour liquide caloporteur chaud,
• une deuxième jonction étant raccordée en dérivation à ladite canalisation de retour radiateur d’une part et d’autre part également en dérivation à ladite canalisation de retour bouilleur.

To create a heating system using a source of calories burning wood and a source of controllable calories, the invention proposes an adaptation kit for a central heating installation using heat transfer liquid, said installation comprising a controllable boiler being connected to a set of radiators, said installation comprising a first heat transfer liquid circulation loop, said first loop comprising said controllable boiler and said set of radiators, said installation being coupled to a boiler by means of a second heat transfer liquid circulation loop , characterized in that the kit includes:

• a three-way passive thermostatic valve, comprising an inlet for hot heat transfer liquid, an inlet for cold heat transfer liquid and a heat transfer liquid outlet, and a device ensuring progressive mixing of cold and hot heat transfer liquids by the action of a passive thermostatic member calibrated at a chosen transition temperature T,
• a flow connection to the installation allowing the hydraulic connection to the controllable boiler and an installation return connection allowing the hydraulic connection to the return of the set of radiators,
• a boiler outlet connection and a boiler return connection,
• said outlet connection to the installation being connected to a boiler return pipe joining the boiler return connection,
• said installation return connection being connected to a radiator return pipe joining said inlet for cold heat transfer liquid,
• said heat transfer liquid outlet being connected to a boiler outlet pipe which joins said outlet connection to the boiler,
• a first junction being connected in branch to said boiler return pipe on the one hand and on the other hand to said inlet for hot heat transfer liquid,
• a second junction being connected in branch to said radiator return pipe on the one hand and on the other hand also in branch to said boiler return pipe.

In such an installation, thanks to the particular choice of installation of a passive thermostatic valve, that is to say not depending on electronic control, the invention allows a coupling of a boiler which takes advantage of the inertia provided by the heating installation itself and, having exceeded a temperature level of the heat transfer liquid which only depends on the constructive characteristics of the passive thermal valve, there is automatic coupling of the second circulation loop of the heat transfer liquid to the first loop, by progressively recycling an increasingly significant part of the flow of heat transfer liquid returning from the radiators, the two loops being able to end up constituting only one (or almost), seen from the circulation of the heat transfer liquid , when a temperature is reached such that the thermal valve blocks (or almost) any inlet of heat transfer liquid through its inlet for hot heat transfer liquid.

In the context of this specification, “connection” means any means which allows the flow of heat transfer liquid to pass through, whether by screwing, fitting by relative axial approximation, or even welding. Such a kit can take the form of a set of elements to be assembled on site, or in a local workshop, or even be pre-assembled on a support or in a box, all of these variations being different options for implementing this invention.

Preferably, for operation that more reliably avoids the consequences of very high calorie production by the boiler, it is recommended to add a thermal capacity independent of that of the central heating installation, i.e. to use a kit according to one of the preceding characteristics, for installation further comprising a calorie accumulator, characterized in that the kit comprises a departure connection to the accumulator and an accumulator return connection, said pipe of boiler return being formed of a first section connected to said boiler return connection on the one hand and on the other hand to said outlet connection to the accumulator, and being formed of a second section connected to said accumulator return connection of a on one side and on the other hand to said outlet connection to the installation.

In a particularly advantageous implementation of the invention, the kit according to the invention is suitable for an installation in which the calorie accumulator comprises a heat transfer fluid, the installation further comprising a solar panel arranged so as to be able to heat said heat transfer fluid, characterized in that said third section comprises a bypass valve whose inlet is connected to the side of said section joining said boiler return connection, one of the outlets of which is connected to said outlet connection towards the accumulator and whose another of the outputs is connected to a third section also connected to said second section.

Brief description of the figures

• est un exemple d’implantation d’un kit d’adaptation 1 dans une mise en œuvre simple, sans faire appel à un accumulateur de calories ;
• est un exemple d’implantation d’une première variante d’un kit d’adaptation 1A, adaptée au couplage avec accumulateur de calories ;
• est un exemple d’implantation d’une seconde variante d’un kit d’adaptation 1S, adaptée au couplage avec panneau solaire.

The following describes some examples of implementation of the invention based on the drawing boards in which:

• is an example of the implementation of an adaptation kit 1 in a simple implementation, without using a calorie accumulator;
• is an example of the implementation of a first variant of an adaptation kit 1A, suitable for coupling with a calorie accumulator;
• is an example of the implementation of a second variant of a 1S adaptation kit, suitable for coupling with a solar panel.

Detailed description of the invention

To the , we see a central heating installation 22, with heat transfer liquid comprising; said installation comprises a controllable boiler 221 connected to a set of radiators 222; said installation 22 comprises a first loop L1 for circulating the heat transfer liquid, said first loop comprising said controllable boiler 221 and said set of radiators 222; said installation 22 is coupled to a boiler 21 by means of a second loop L2 for circulating the heat transfer liquid; we also see a three-way passive thermostatic valve 11, comprising an inlet for hot heat transfer liquid 111, an inlet for cold heat transfer liquid 112 and a heat transfer liquid outlet 113, and a device ensuring progressive mixing of cold and hot heat transfer liquids by the action of a passive thermostatic member calibrated at a chosen transition temperature T.

We also see an outlet connection to the installation 22o allowing the hydraulic connection to the controllable boiler 221 and an installation return connection 21i allowing the hydraulic connection to the return of the set of radiators 222; we see a flow connection to boiler 21o and a boiler return connection 21i; note that said outlet connection to the installation 22o is connected to a boiler return pipe 13 joining the boiler return connection 21i and that said installation return connection 22i is connected to a radiator return pipe 14 joining said inlet for cold heat transfer liquid 112; said heat transfer liquid outlet 113 is connected to a boiler departure pipe 15 which joins said boiler departure connection 21o.

A first junction J1 is connected in bypass to said boiler return pipe 13 on the one hand and on the other hand to said inlet for hot heat transfer liquid 111; a second junction J2 is connected in branch to said radiator return pipe 14 on the one hand and on the other hand also in branch to said boiler return pipe 13 . We also see an expansion tank 223, and an installation circulator 224. It is sufficient here to describe the central heating installation very briefly, only to the extent useful for understanding the operation of the coupling to a boiler. The heat transfer liquid is generally water.

Those skilled in the art also know that, when installing a boiler, it is appropriate to equip it with various safety devices such as a safety valve opening when the pressure of the heat transfer liquid in the installation reaches a certain level, as well as a cold water injection valve and hot water withdrawal from the boiler circuit to evacuate it outside; all these elements are classic, perfectly compatible with the present invention.

The kit according to the invention may comprise an anti-thermosiphon valve 215 arranged at an installation chosen between a position on said boiler return pipe 13 joining the boiler return connection 21i and a position on said boiler departure pipe 15 which joins said connection departure towards installation 22o. This anti-thermosiphon valve operates on the second loop L2; it prevents the boiler 21 from dissipating calories under certain operating conditions; note, however, that the anti-thermosiphon valve 215 could in a completely equivalent manner be installed elsewhere along the second loop L2.

The kit according to the invention can preferably include, on said second junction J2, a non-return valve 225 authorizing the circulation of heat transfer liquid only towards the boiler return pipe 13.

As known per se, said boiler outlet pipe 15 comprises a boiler circulator 214; this may or may not be part of the kit. Preferably, said boiler circulator 214 is of the proportionally controllable speed type, the interest of which is both to achieve as quickly as possible an operating state of the boiler 21 favorable to its efficiency and to the good state of all the elements, whether the boiler or the flue. Let us point out that the proper functioning of the heating system which constitutes the central heating installation 22 with the assistance of a boiler 21 depends on the effective circulation of the heat transfer liquid in the first and second heat transfer liquid loops, which requires in general (except total thermosyphon operation) the operation of the circulators 214, 224, but remains independent of any electronic control, for example by means of a central unit responsible for a program, which would impose continuity of available electrical energy. We can avoid a power outage by powering at least the boiler circulator 214 via an inverter.

In this first embodiment, the capacity to absorb the calories produced by the boiler only comes from the central heating installation itself. In the case of high boiler power compared to the dissipation power of the radiators, this may prove insufficient for very resilient operation of the heating system constituted by the central heating installation with the assistance of a boiler. This is why, preferably, the heating system comprises a calorie accumulator arranged so as to receive the calories produced by the boiler, either as a priority, or at least when the central heating does not dissipate sufficient calories. The installation of a calorie accumulator, in particular as proposed by the present invention, makes it possible to effectively absorb short peaks of calorific power such as what generally occurs when reloading a log in the boiler. It may in fact be that the heating installation does not have this absorption capacity, or insufficiently, which would lead to a sudden rise in temperature of the heat transfer liquid, with a risk of evaporation. However, particularly depending on weather forecasts, it may be preferable to send the calories produced by the boiler directly into the heating installation by bypassing the accumulator, as will be explained below.

There illustrates such an implementation. We find all the elements common to the first embodiment. Furthermore, the kit according to the invention, adapted specifically to an installation advantageously further comprising a calorie accumulator 23; such a kit then comprises a departure connection to the accumulator 23o and an accumulator return connection 23i; said boiler return pipe is in this case formed of a first section 131 connected to said boiler return connection 21i on the one hand and on the other hand to said outlet connection to the accumulator 23o, and formed of a second section 132 connected to said accumulator return connection 23i on the one hand and on the other hand said outlet connection towards the installation 22o.

Preferably, for such an installation comprising a heat accumulator 23, the kit according to the invention comprises a three-way solenoid valve 12 having an inlet 121 and two outlets 122 and 123 of heat transfer liquid as well as an electric actuator M allowing the passage heat transfer liquid from the inlet to one of the two outlets; said second junction is in this case formed by a first part J21 starting from the branch connection provided on said radiator return pipe 14 on the one hand and on the other hand connected to said inlet 121 of the solenoid valve 12, and is formed by a second part J22 connected to one 122 of the two outlets on the one hand and on the other hand and on the other hand is connected in branch to said boiler return pipe 13, between said outlet connection to the installation 22o and said first junction J1. In this case, the non-return valve 225 of the second junction J2 is arranged on said first part J21 of the second junction.

The kit according to the invention also comprises a third junction J3, connected on the one hand in branch to said first section 131 on the one hand and on the other hand to the other 123 of said two outlets; in this case, a control unit ensures the control of said solenoid valve 12 as a function of at least (i) a temperature representative of the presence of fire in the boiler, (ii) the radiator return temperature, and (iii) the temperature in the calorie accumulator.

By installing a solenoid valve 12, we then have greater flexibility in managing the heating system by operating this solenoid valve 12 so as to allow the flow of heat transfer liquid returning from the radiators to draw calories from the accumulator before joining the controllable boiler, and this when the temperature conditions are suitable, namely when the temperature of the heat transfer liquid returning from the radiators is lower than the temperature prevailing in the calorie accumulator; otherwise, it is preferable that this flow is sent directly to the controllable boiler, for the benefit of better overall efficiency of the heating system.

Note also that the kit can take the form of two sub-assemblies in order to be able to install each sub-assembly in different locations in the boiler room to be equipped; note that, to avoid small parasitic leaks which would be due to heating of the passive thermostatic valve 11 by conduction in the pipes, and not under the effect of the circulation of the heat transfer liquid, all this according to the technical characteristics of the passive thermostatic valve 11 chosen, it is preferable to place said passive thermostatic valve at a sufficient distance from the calorie accumulator 23.

The following relates to the detailed description of the heat transfer liquid circulations. Let us observe in the figures the continuity of heat transfer liquid flow starting from a state where the temperature in the boiler return pipe 13 or 131 is low, imposing a low temperature at the hot inlet of the thermostatic valve 111. By low temperature , we mean sufficiently lower than the transition temperature T so that the thermostatic valve does not allow the passage of heat transfer liquid through its inlet for cold heat transfer liquid 112. In this configuration, the flow of heat transfer liquid conveyed to the boiler passes through the inlet for hot heat transfer liquid 111 which is only connected, via the first junction J1, to said boiler return pipe 13 or 131, that is to say to the boiler 21 directly or respectively via the calorie accumulator 23. Note that said inlet for hot heat transfer liquid 111 is also connected to the controllable boiler 221 via the continuation of the boiler return pipe 13 downstream of the branch connection of said first junction J1 on said boiler return pipe (see references 13 or 132 depending on figures). Furthermore, the flow of heat transfer liquid coming from the radiator return of the installation 22 and arriving in the radiator return pipe 14 is only connected to the controllable boiler 221 via the second junction J2 connected in bypass at the downstream end of the boiler return pipe (see at the left end of marks 13 or 132 according to the figures).

1. une première boucle L1 sur laquelle se trouvent, en série, la chaudière pilotable, l’ensemble de radiateurs puis retour en direct vers la chaudière via la seconde jonction J2 ; à noter que, dans le cas du second mode de réalisation avec présence d’une électrovanne, il convient que celle-ci soit positionnée de façon à renvoyer le débit de liquide caloporteur directement vers la chaudière pilotable, assurant ainsi un circuit identique à ce qu’il est en l’absence de ladite électrovanne ;
2. une seconde boucle comportant le bouilleur et l’accumulateur de calories, isolée de la première boucle par le fait que la vanne thermostatique 11 ne permet aucun recyclage venant du retour radiateurs tant que la température de sortie de l’accumulateur est inférieure à une température choisie, par exemple valant typiquement 60°C (selon le choix du modèle de vanne thermostatique 11), la circulation dans cette boucle étant forcée par le circulateur de bouilleur 214.

In the heating phase, typically after starting the fire in the boiler, the circulation of the heat transfer liquid takes place in two independent loops:

1. a first loop L1 on which there are, in series, the controllable boiler, the set of radiators then direct return to the boiler via the second junction J2; note that, in the case of the second embodiment with the presence of a solenoid valve, it should be positioned so as to return the flow of heat transfer liquid directly to the controllable boiler, thus ensuring a circuit identical to that which it is in the absence of said solenoid valve;
2. a second loop comprising the boiler and the calorie accumulator, isolated from the first loop by the fact that the thermostatic valve 11 does not allow any recycling coming from the radiator return as long as the outlet temperature of the accumulator is lower than a chosen temperature , for example typically worth 60°C (depending on the choice of thermostatic valve model 11), the circulation in this loop being forced by the boiler circulator 214.

A very interesting characteristic of the invention is that these two loops, even in their operation independently of each other, are always hydraulically connected by the boiler return pipe 13 (or its variants) going from the boiler return connection 21i to the outlet connection to the installation 22o, and therefore are connected to the expansion tank 223 ensuring the pressure regulation of the heat transfer liquid throughout the heating system.

When the temperature in the accumulator approaches the chosen transition temperature, for example 60°C, the thermostatic valve 11 gradually recycles part, or even progressively all, of the heat transfer liquid flow returning from the radiators; the part of the radiator return flow which no longer returns directly to the controllable boiler leads to the same part of flow leaving the calorie accumulator 23 no longer going towards the boiler 21 but towards said controllable boiler 221, and this by simple conservation of the volume of heat transfer liquid contained in the loops. Regarding the choice of the transition temperature, it should be noted that it is advisable to choose a value higher than 60°C if you wish to increase the quantity of energy stored in the accumulator, and conversely choose a lower value at 60°C if we wish to maximize assistance to the controllable boiler for heating the building.

If the heating of the heat transfer liquid continues (this is according to the difference between the power provided by the boiler and taken off by the heating), we gradually obtain a single loop comprising in series the controllable boiler, the set of radiators 222, the thermostatic valve 11, the boiler 21 (as well as, if present, the accumulator 23), and again the controllable boiler. The output of the accumulator 23 can only be done towards the controllable boiler by forcing the installation circulator 224 and appropriate control of the boiler circulator 214 (a rule of good practice is that the control of the latter must tighten the flow in the boiler loop to be greater than the flow rate ensured by the installation circulator). Preferably, the two circulators can be found in series with each other, it is important that at least one of them is of a type of non-volumetric pump, not imposing a flow rate but imposing an increase in pressure. Note also that, preferably, said second loop L2 can include an anti-thermosiphon valve 215, with advantageously adjustable pressure, to be able to be calibrated at a level such that circulation in loop L2 only occurs under the effect of the circulator boiler 214. This avoids any risk of the boiler operating as a radiator at the end of the fire or in the absence of a fire under the action of the installation circulator 224.

Preferably, the boiler is of the type comprising automatic regulation of the power of the fire by a fresh air inlet valve controlled by the temperature of the heat transfer liquid circulating in the boiler.

The invention can be applied very favorably to a heating system also using a heating device under the action of the sun. The following describes heating assistance using a solar panel. However, conceptually speaking, it would be equivalent to use photovoltaic panels and to heat the accumulator 23 with an electrical resistance.

There illustrates an installation for an installation in which the heat accumulator comprises a heat transfer fluid, and further comprising a solar panel 24 arranged so as to be able to heat said heat transfer fluid. We find all the elements common to the first and second embodiments. Furthermore and in this embodiment, said third section 133 of the kit according to the invention comprises a bypass valve 242 whose inlet is connected to the side of said section joining said boiler return connection 21i, one of the outlets of which is connected to said departure connection towards the accumulator 23o and the other of the outlets of which is connected to a third section 133 also connected to said second section 132. In this case, the accumulator 23 generally uses a heat transfer fluid which is most often of water, with or without antifreeze additive, said heat transfer fluid circulating towards the panel 24 to load with calories before returning to the calorie accumulator 23, it being remembered that this is a circuit independent of the fluid heat carrier circulating in the heating system. In this particular implementation of the invention, it is then the same fluid as that producing the inertial effect of storing calories explained previously.

This report does not address the production of domestic hot water; it is sufficient to recall that it can be ensured by the boiler which can be controlled with or without assistance from the calorie accumulator 23, pointing out in passing that the storage of calories in the accumulator 23 can very usefully preheat the domestic hot water via a dedicated coil.

Let us point out that one of the interests of the invention is to take better advantage of the calorie accumulator always present in the case of a solar panel, when the need for heating is significant, namely in winter especially if it is not There is no sun. But there may well be weather conditions where there is significant solar radiation and the need for heating. In this case, to optimize the recovery of solar calories, it is necessary to avoid overheating the accumulator 23 with the calories produced by the boiler. This is what the bypass valve 242 allows. It is advisable to preferably choose an accumulator 23 whose coils of the accumulator exchanger 230 are at least partly in the high position in the accumulator 23, and whose sampling of heat transfer fluid through a pipe 240 for circulation of heat transfer fluid between accumulator 23 and solar panel 24 connected in the low position, as drawn in . In fact, the natural stratification of the heat transfer fluid makes it possible to keep a portion of the tank at low temperature and therefore to maintain a certain potential to heat it by the effect of the sun. The use of heating the lower part is particularly useful if another coil (that of domestic hot water, not shown so as not to overload the drawing) makes it possible to advantageously draw calories from the lower part. Let us also point out that an alternative arrangement can provide for forced mixing of the heat transfer fluid from the accumulator 23 with a pump or a propeller, in order not to stratify the heat transfer fluid too much and increase the ability of the accumulator to store calories. Those skilled in the art will easily be able to add all the necessary devices to take advantage of what has just been specified.

The control of the bypass valve can be simply manual, the installation manager can take into account the weather conditions. However, it is also possible to more completely automate the operation of the heating system thanks to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the kit according to the invention in which said bypass valve 242 is of the electrically controlled type.

1. dès que et tant que l’unité de pilotage détecte la présence de feu, l’électrovanne 12 à trois voies est commandée de façon à assurer la circulation du liquide caloporteur vers ladite deuxième partie J22, de sorte que le liquide caloporteur de retour des radiateurs est envoyé vers la chaudière pilotable ;
2. le débit du circulateur 214 est piloté de façon proportionnelle en fonction d’une mesure de température du liquide caloporteur en sortie du bouilleur.

The following relates to the management of an installation equipped with a kit according to the invention. In the case of the installation of a kit which comprises a solenoid valve 12, the invention extends to a method operating in such a way that:

1. as soon as and as long as the control unit detects the presence of fire, the three-way solenoid valve 12 is controlled so as to ensure the circulation of the heat transfer liquid towards said second part J22, so that the heat transfer liquid returns from the radiators is sent to the controllable boiler;
2. the flow rate of the circulator 214 is controlled proportionally as a function of a temperature measurement of the heat transfer liquid leaving the boiler.

Preferably, in order to allow rapid switching into an optimized configuration in the event of use of the boiler 21, it is appropriate to immediately ensure the detection of the start of a fire in the boiler, to evaluate the apparent power of the fire to ensure a prediction of the thermal power to be drawn from the boiler by the heat transfer liquid. Likewise, it is important to prevent excessive cooling of the boiler by the heat transfer liquid, which could cause the fumes to condense and clog the flue. To this end, the circulator flow control process is based, among other parameters, on a measurement of the temperature of the combustion fumes and ensures proportional control.

In addition, the control should ensure a good transfer of calories to the heating installation 22, if necessary via the accumulator 23, and to this end the process is such that the flow rate of the circulator is controlled proportionally as well. according to a measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer liquid leaving the boiler and a temperature in the calorie accumulator.

Furthermore, for better optimization of the capture of solar calories combined with the use of calories produced by the boiler, the method of controlling a kit for an installation also comprising a solar panel is such that said bypass valve 242 is controlled based on meteorological information.

During the summer period, the ideal use of the calorie accumulator 23 will be to produce domestic hot water, as the sole means of heating or in support of another means of heating domestic hot water, for example the boiler controlled 221. In mid-season, the calorie accumulator 23 will also be used to heat the heat transfer liquid reaching the set of radiators 222, possibly in heating assistance. The search for the best efficiency of the heating system as described leads to giving priority to calories of solar origin, then to the calories produced by the boiler in the presence of fire, and finally to the controllable boiler. To this end, the solenoid valve 12 is activated to the position sending the heat transfer liquid to the heat accumulator 23, and the same for the bypass valve 242. In the presence of fire, the solenoid valve 12 is immediately activated to the position sending the heat transfer liquid to the controllable boiler 221, to reserve the calorie accumulator 23 for storing calories produced by the boiler 21. But in the presence of favorable weather conditions, priority is given to the accumulation of solar calories by activating the valve bypass 242 so that the flow of heat transfer liquid coming from the boiler no longer passes through the calorie accumulator 23, even in the presence of fire.

The overall control of such a heating system can also act on the controlled boiler 221 to deactivate or activate it, and can also act to activate the installation circulator 224 even when the controllable boiler 221 is deactivated; by acting on the solenoid valve 12 (and where appropriate on the bypass valve 242), it can be guaranteed that the installation 22 is heated only by means of the heat accumulator 23, including if the heat accumulator calories 23 was heated by the boiler 21, at the end of the fire for example. Those skilled in the art can easily adopt the control modes which make it possible to consume as a priority the calories coming from the calorie accumulator 21 to lower the temperature of the heat transfer fluid which it contains and thus tend to put it in greater ability to recover solar calories, or to accumulate calories produced by the boiler.

All the rules for controlling a heating system which have just been explained can be implemented using a control unit, not shown so as not to unnecessarily overload the drawings. This control unit is connected to the necessary temperature sensors, according to the rules adopted, and can also be connected to an appropriate interface to process meteorological information. This control unit is also connected to the elements to be controlled, namely in the examples described (non-limiting to the possible implementations of the invention), the solenoid valve 12, the bypass valve 242, the boiler circulator 214, the installation circulator 224, the controllable boiler 221.

The invention can be implemented in installations comprising different variants of arrangement of the non-specific elements of the invention, such as for example in an installation where the controllable boiler is a low temperature heat pump which, in this case, will preferably be downstream of the radiators and before connection to the installation return connection 22i, with appropriate adaptations.

Claims (13)

Adaptation kit (1) for a central heating installation (22) using heat transfer liquid, said installation comprising a controllable boiler (221) being connected to a set of radiators (222), said installation (22) comprising a first loop ( L1) for circulation of the heat transfer liquid, said first loop comprising said controllable boiler (221) and said set of radiators (222), said installation (22) being coupled to a boiler (21) by means of a second loop (L2) circulation of the heat transfer liquid,
characterized in thatthe kit includes:

• a three-way passive thermostatic valve (11), comprising an inlet for hot heat transfer liquid (111), an inlet for cold heat transfer liquid (112) and a heat transfer liquid outlet (113), and a device ensuring progressive mixing of the cold and hot heat transfer liquids by the action of a passive thermostatic member calibrated at a chosen transition temperature T,
• an outlet connection to the installation (22o) allowing hydraulic connection to the controllable boiler (221) and an installation return connection (21i) allowing hydraulic connection to the return of the set of radiators (222),
• a boiler outlet connection (21o) and a boiler return connection (21i),
• said outlet connection to the installation (22o) being connected to a boiler return pipe (13) joining the boiler return connection (21i),
• said installation return connection (22i) being connected to a radiator return pipe (14) joining said inlet for cold heat transfer liquid (112),
• said heat transfer liquid outlet (113) being connected to a boiler departure pipe (15) which joins said boiler departure connection (21o),
• a first junction (J1) being connected in branch to said boiler return pipe (13) on the one hand and on the other hand to said inlet for hot heat transfer liquid (111),
• a second junction (J2) being connected in branch to said radiator return pipe (14) on the one hand and on the other hand also in branch to said boiler return pipe (13).

Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that said boiler outlet pipe (15) comprises a boiler circulator (214). Kit according to claim 2, characterized in that said boiler circulator (214) is of the proportionally controllable speed type. Kit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises an anti-thermosiphon valve (215) arranged at an installation chosen between a position on said boiler return pipe (13) joining the boiler return connection ( 21i) and a position on said boiler outlet pipe (15) which joins said outlet connection towards the installation (22o). Kit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said second junction (J2) comprises a non-return valve (225) authorizing the circulation of heat transfer liquid only towards the boiler return pipe (13). Kit according to one of the preceding claims, for installation further comprising a calorie accumulator (23), characterized in that the kit comprises:

• a departure connection to the accumulator (23o) and an accumulator return connection (23i),
• said boiler return pipe is formed of a first section (131) connected to said boiler return connection (21i) on the one hand and on the other hand to said outlet connection to the accumulator (23o), and is formed of a second section (132) connected to said accumulator return connection (23i) on the one hand and on the other hand to said outlet connection to the installation (22o).

Kit according to claim 6, characterized in that the kit comprises:

• a three-way solenoid valve (12) having an inlet (121) and two outlets (122, 123) of heat transfer liquid as well as an electric actuator (M) allowing the passage of the heat transfer liquid from the inlet to one of the two exits,
• said second junction being formed by a first part (J21) starting from the branch connection provided on said radiator return pipe (14) on the one hand and on the other hand connected to said inlet (121) of the solenoid valve (12) , and being formed by a second part (J22) connected to one (122) of the two outlets on the one hand and on the other hand and on the other hand is connected in bypass to said boiler return pipe (13), between said outlet connection to the installation (22o) and said first junction (J1),
• a third junction (J3), connected on the one hand as a branch to said first section (131) on the one hand and on the other hand to the other (123) of said two outlets,
• a control unit ensuring the control of said solenoid valve (12) as a function of at least (i) a temperature representative of the presence of fire in the boiler, (ii) the radiator return temperature, and (iii) the temperature in the calorie accumulator.

Kit according to one of claims 6 or 7, for installation in which the heat accumulator comprises a heat transfer fluid, and further comprising a solar panel (24) arranged so as to be able to heat said heat transfer fluid, characterized in that the kit comprises a third section (133) comprising a bypass valve (242) whose inlet is connected on the side of said section joining said boiler return connection (21i), one of the outlets of which is connected to said outlet connection towards the accumulator (23o) and the other of which is connected to a third section (133) also connected to said second section (132). Kit according to claim 8, wherein said bypass valve (242) is of the electrically controlled type. Method for controlling an installation equipped with a kit according to claims 2 and 7, characterized in that:

• a) as soon as and as long as the control unit detects the presence of fire, the three-way solenoid valve (12) is controlled so as to ensure the circulation of the heat transfer liquid towards said second part (J22), so that the heat transfer liquid returning from the radiators is sent to the controllable boiler;
• b) the flow rate of the circulator (214) is controlled proportionally as a function of a temperature measurement of the heat transfer liquid leaving the boiler.

Control method according to claim 10, characterized in that the flow rate of the circulator is controlled proportionally as a function of a measurement of the temperature of the combustion fumes. Control method according to claim 11, characterized in that the flow rate of the circulator is controlled proportionally also as a function of a measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer liquid leaving the boiler and of a temperature in the calorie accumulator. Control method according to one of claims 10 to 12, of an installation equipped with a kit according to claim 9, characterized in that said bypass valve (242) is controlled according to meteorological information.