FR3133895A1 - Electromagnetic braking device configured to block a rotating shaft and mobility system comprising the device and the rotating shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic braking device configured to block a rotating shaft (7), comprising a friction disk (15) mounted movable in translation and rotation and configured to be integral with the rotating shaft, an external part (10 ) and an intermediate part (14) mounted movable in translation between the friction disk and the external part, at least one of the external part or the intermediate part being magnetic, at least one electromagnetic actuating member (22) and at least one mechanical actuator member which are housed in the other of the external part or the intermediate part, the intermediate part being configured to move in a first so-called braking direction towards the friction disk when it is under the action of the at least one mechanical actuator, and in a second direction opposite the first direction towards the external part when the intermediate part is under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuator , and a plurality of magnetic sheets (16) independent of each other and movable in translation between the intermediate part and the external part when they are under the action of the at least one mechanical actuating member and/or under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuator. (Figure 4)

Description

Electromagnetic braking device configured to block a rotating shaft and mobility system comprising the device and the rotating shaft Technical field of the invention

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic braking device configured to lock a rotating shaft.

Such braking devices are for example used to block a rotating shaft of an elevator, a forklift, and more generally in any type of system requiring prolonged, safe stops.

The invention also relates to a mobility system, of the elevator or forklift type, comprising such a device mounted on such a rotating shaft.

State of the art

We know of mobility systems, of the elevator or forklift type, which are provided with a rotating shaft which must be able to be tightened and locked in rotation for a determined period, in particular during prolonged, secure stops.

To do this, these systems are also provided with an electromagnetic braking device, or electromagnetic brake, which comprises a body, a friction disk mounted movable in translation and in rotation, the friction disk being configured to be integral with the rotating shaft, and an armature movable in a first direction under the action of an electromagnetic force generated by an electric coil housed in the body and in a second direction under the action of a force exerted by one or more compression springs also partially lodged in the body.

Often, the armature is made up of a massive, magnetizable metal block which is loaded directly by the springs.

We also know, for example from Japanese document JPS5261681, an armature whose metal block is entirely laminated so as to form a block of a plurality of metal sheets adjacent to each other.

We also know from Japanese document JPH08247181 an armature whose metal block comprises a laminated portion formed of a plurality of metal sheets adjacent to each other and welded together, and a massive portion to which the laminated portion is welded.

The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic braking device of a similar type, which is particularly simple and efficient.

The subject of the invention is therefore, in a first aspect, an electromagnetic braking device configured to block a rotating shaft, comprising a friction disk mounted movable in translation and in rotation and configured to be integral with the rotating shaft, a part external part and an intermediate part mounted movable in translation between the friction disk and the external part, at least one of the external part or the intermediate part being magnetic, at least one electromagnetic actuating member and at least one actuating member mechanical actuation which are housed in the other of the external part or the intermediate part, the intermediate part being configured to move in a first so-called braking direction towards the friction disk when it is under the action of the at least one mechanical actuation member, and in a second direction opposite the first direction towards the external part when the intermediate part is under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuation member; the electromagnetic braking device being characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of magnetic sheets independent of each other, movable in translation between the intermediate part and the external part when they are under the action of the at least a mechanical actuation member and/or under the action of at least one electromagnetic actuation member.

In the device according to the invention, the external part is fixed and the intermediate part as well as the magnetic sheets are at least partially movable in translation relative to the external part.

According to a first embodiment, the external part is formed by a magnetic body and the intermediate part is formed by a magnetic armature.

According to a second embodiment, the external part is formed by a magnetic armature and the intermediate part is formed by a magnetic body.

Note that the body, the frame and the sheets can be made of a metallic or composite material.

In each of these embodiments, the at least one electromagnetic actuator member and the at least one mechanical actuator member are housed in the body and the magnetic sheets are located against the armature under the action of the at least one mechanical actuation member.

Thus, the device is configured so that, in a braking configuration, the magnetic metal sheets are pushed by the at least one mechanical actuating member from the external part, respectively the intermediate part, towards the intermediate part, respectively the part external, and in a release configuration, the magnetic metal sheets are at least partially moved under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuating member from the intermediate part, respectively the external part, towards the external part, respectively the intermediate part, against the at least one mechanical actuating member, until coming against the external part or the intermediate part, with the magnetic metal sheets which deform successively under the simultaneous action of the least one mechanical actuator.

If necessary, the magnetic metal sheets can be moved against the at least one mechanical actuator, until they come against the external part or the intermediate part.

When they are neither under the action of the at least one mechanical actuator, nor under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuator, the magnetic sheets are generally planar.

It will be noted that in the first embodiment, the electromagnetic braking device is configured so that, in the braking configuration, the leaves are pushed by the at least one mechanical actuator from an internal face of the body and accompany the movement of the armature in the first direction towards the friction disk and, in the release configuration, the leaves are moved under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuator in the second direction and are accompanied in movement by the frame, against the at least one mechanical actuating member, until it comes against the internal face of the body, with the leaves which deform successively under the action of the at least one member mechanical actuation.

In particular, when moving from the braking configuration to the unbraking configuration, the part or parts of the sheets which are in the zone of application of the force exerted by the at least one mechanical actuating member move more slowly than the rest of the surface of the leaves, and the rest of the surface of the leaves deforms and comes more quickly into abutment against the internal face of the body. It is the armature, magnetically acted upon by the electromagnetic actuator, which, due to its massive structure, returns the sheets to shape when it moves against the at least one actuator. mechanical.

When moving from the release configuration to the braking configuration, the part or parts of the sheets which are in the zone of application of the force exerted by the at least one mechanical actuator member move simultaneously with the 'frame and more quickly, in the first direction, from the inner face of the body, than the rest of the surface of the leaves, while the rest of the surface of the leaves deforms and moves away more slowly from the inner face of the body . We see that the armature is no longer magnetically stressed and that it moves more quickly, pushed by the sheets themselves pushed by the at least one mechanical actuating member, until it comes into contact with the disk of friction.

It will also be noted that in the second embodiment, the electromagnetic braking device is configured so that, in the braking configuration, the magnetic metal sheets are pushed by the at least one mechanical actuating member against the armature and the 'at least one mechanical actuator bears on the assembly formed of the sheets and the frame to accompany the movement of the body in the first direction towards the friction disk and, in a release configuration, the body is moved under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuating member in the second direction, against the at least one mechanical actuating member, until it comes against the sheets and compresses them against the frame .

In particular, when switching from the braking configuration to the unbraking configuration, the part or parts of the sheets which are in the zone of application of the force exerted by the at least one mechanical actuating member remain pressed or almost against the frame, and the rest of the surface of the sheets, magnetically acted upon by the electromagnetic actuator, can be deformed. It is the body, moved under the effect of the electromagnetic actuator, that is to say attracted towards the frame and also towards the sheets, which comes to put the sheets back into shape, or cancel the deformation that they undergo, when they are compressed between the body and the frame, in particular due to the massive structure of the latter.

When switching from the release configuration to the braking configuration, we see that the armature is no longer magnetically stressed and that it allows faster movement of the body, pushed by the at least one mechanical actuator. , until it comes into contact with the friction disk.

It is therefore more generally the presence of at least one mechanical actuator, capable of mechanically stressing the assembly formed by the frame and all of the sheets which generates the successive deformation of these sheets. In particular, the deformation of the sheets results from the force of the at least one mechanical actuating member combined with the magnetic force generated by the at least one electromagnetic actuating member which is established or which dissipates.

This makes it possible in particular to reduce the noise that can be generated by the movement of the armature, respectively the body, from the friction disk towards the body, respectively the armature.

The transition time from the braking configuration to the unbraking configuration may be slightly lengthened because the armature is not magnetized until later, but this has no harmful influence on the operation of the electromagnetic braking device.

Overall, in each of the embodiments, the transition time from the unbraking configuration to the braking configuration is thus reduced, which is particularly safe.

This also makes it possible to reduce the noise that can be generated by the movement of the armature, respectively the body, from the internal face of the body, respectively the armature, towards the friction disk.

Particularly simple, convenient and economical preferred characteristics of the device according to the invention are presented below.

The at least one electromagnetic actuation member and the at least one mechanical actuation member can be fixedly housed in the intermediate part or in the external part.

The at least one mechanical actuator can be configured to actuate external and/or internal peripheral zones of the magnetic sheets, while the electromagnetic actuator can be configured to generate a magnetic flux circulating in the magnetic sheets.

The ratio between a thickness of the intermediate part, respectively of the external part, and a thickness of the magnetic sheets pressing against each other can be between approximately 0.2 and approximately 30, or even between approximately 0.2 and 5.

The electromagnetic braking device may have between about 2 and about 30 magnetic sheets.

Each magnetic sheet may have a thickness of between 0.3 mm and approximately 5 mm and/or each sheet may have substantially the same thickness.

The external part or the intermediate part may have an internal face and may comprise at least one blind hole opening onto said internal face, the at least one mechanical actuating member being a compression spring partially housed in said blind hole and being extending projecting from said internal face until coming into contact with one of the sheets which is directly opposite said internal face.

The electromagnetic braking device may comprise a plurality of compression springs distributed, in particular regularly, along an external peripheral edge and/or an internal peripheral edge of said internal face.

The external part or the intermediate part may have an internal face and may include a housing provided in the internal face, the electromagnetic actuating member comprising an electric coil housed in said housing and configured to generate a magnetic flux circulating in said metal sheets magnetic and in said external part and in said intermediate part when said electric coil is supplied with electric current.

The external part can be configured to be mechanically secured to a support, the friction disk being located axially between the intermediate part and said support.

The electromagnetic braking device may comprise at least one assembly member having a first end mechanically secured to said external part and a second end, opposite said first end, mechanically secured to said support so that said friction disc, said part intermediate and said sheets are located between said external part and said support.

The electromagnetic braking device may comprise at least one connecting member having a main portion of which a first end is configured to come to bear against said support and a second end, opposite the first end, configured to come to bear against said external part , the at least one connecting member comprising a through orifice configured to be crossed by said assembly member.

The electromagnetic braking device may comprise several connecting members distributed, in particular regularly, along an external peripheral edge of said external part.

The device may comprise at least one connecting member configured to maintain a predetermined distance between the external part and a support intended to grip, with the intermediate part, the friction disk. Each sheet may comprise a main portion, a support portion and a connecting portion connecting the support portion to the main portion, the connecting member being supported against the support portion of one of the sheets, so that the support portions of all the sheets are supported against each other and form for example a block, with the support portions of the sheets, and therefore the block, which are interposed and maintained in contact between the connecting member and the external part, each connection portion being configured to deform when the main portion of the associated sheet deforms under the action of the at least one mechanical actuating member and/or under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuation member.

Each sheet may comprise distinct support portions and at a distance from each other, each support portion being provided externally projecting from the main portion or in the main portion, and the at least one connecting member is formed by a spacer.

Each sheet may include a support member extending around the main portion of the associated sheet and forming the support portion, the support comprising a support rim forming the connecting member.

The external part may comprise at least one through hole having a first end opening onto a face facing said intermediate part, the at least one through hole being widened on the side of its first end and the at least one connecting member comprising a thinned end portion configured to be received in the at least one through hole on the side of its first end.

The invention also relates, in a second aspect, to a mobility system, for example of the elevator or forklift type, comprising an electromagnetic braking device as described above and a rotating shaft which is integral with a disk friction of the electromagnetic braking device, with the rotary shaft which is blocked in rotation when the intermediate part has been moved in the first so-called braking direction and it is in contact with the friction disk, and with the shaft rotary which is free to rotate when the intermediate part has been moved in the second direction opposite to the first direction and when it is moved away from the friction disk.

Brief description of the figures

We will now continue the presentation of the invention with the description of an exemplary embodiment, given below by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the drawings referred to below.

There schematically and partially represents a mobility system provided with an assembly comprising a rotating shaft and an electromagnetic braking device according to the invention and mounted around the rotating shaft.

There is a partial perspective view of the whole comprising the mobility system of the , including in particular the electromagnetic braking device according to a first embodiment and the rotating shaft.

There is a view similar to that of the , in side view.

There is an exploded perspective view of the electromagnetic braking device taken in isolation.

There is a view similar to that of the , from another angle of view.

There is a sectional view of the electromagnetic braking device marked VI-VI on the .

There illustrates a detail marked D1 on the .

There is a partial sectional view of the electromagnetic braking device, in a so-called braking configuration.

There illustrates a detail marked D2 on the .

There is a view similar to that of the , showing the electromagnetic braking device in a so-called debraking configuration.

There illustrates a detail marked D3 on the .

There is a partial sectional view of the electromagnetic braking device, passing from its so-called release configuration towards its so-called braking configuration and from a first viewing angle.

There is a view similar to that of the , showing an electromagnetic braking device according to a second embodiment.

There is a sectional view of the electromagnetic braking device of the , in its braking configuration.

There is a perspective view of an electromagnetic braking device according to a third embodiment.

There shows in perspective the electromagnetic braking device of the from another angle of view.

There is an exploded perspective view of the electromagnetic braking device of Figures 15 and 16.

There is an exploded perspective view of an electromagnetic braking device according to a fourth embodiment.

There is a partial sectional view of an electromagnetic braking device according to a fifth embodiment, showing this device in a release configuration.

There is a view similar to that of the , showing the device in a braking configuration.

There is a partial sectional view of an electromagnetic braking device according to a sixth embodiment, showing this device in a release configuration.

There is a view similar to that of the , showing the device in a braking configuration.

detailed description

There schematically represents a mobility system 1, for example here of the elevator type.

This mobility system 1 comprises an elevator car 4, a rotating shaft 7 and a cable 3 connecting the elevator car 4 to the rotating shaft 7.

The mobility system 2 also includes an electric motor 2 supplied with electric current and configured to rotate the rotary shaft 7.

When the rotating shaft 7 is rotated by the electric motor 2, the cable 3 winds or unwinds, depending on the direction of drive, around the rotating shaft 7 and the elevator car 4 is allowed to move. go up or down.

The mobility system 1 and in particular the elevator car 4 may require prolonged, secure stops and for this purpose includes an electromagnetic braking device 5.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 is mounted on the rotating shaft 7 and is configured either to brake, or even block the rotation of the rotating shaft 7, or to leave it free.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 is electrically powered and it may be the same current power source as the electric motor 2.

In particular, the electromagnetic braking device 5 can be configured to brake the rotating shaft 7 in rotation when it is not supplied with current, which also makes it possible to secure the mobility system 1 for example in the event of a fault. power supply.

The electromagnetic braking device 5, conforming to a first embodiment, is better visible in Figures 2 and 3.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 is mechanically secured on a support 6, here formed by a casing, for example by means of assembly screws 17.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 has a central opening 12, here of circular shape, which defines a passage for the rotating shaft 7.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 comprises a body 10, also called a shell, here having a generally cylindrical shape and an annular section.

The body 10 is here made of a magnetic metallic material.

The braking device 5 further comprises a plurality of magnetic metal sheets 16, a magnetic metal armature 14 and a friction disk 15 which are interposed between the body 10 and the casing 6.

The braking device 5 further comprises a connecting member formed by spacers 30 arranged between the body 10 and the casing 6 to define a space 9 between these elements. The spacers 30 are configured to maintain a predetermined distance between the body 10 and the support 6.

The magnetic metal sheets 16, the magnetic metal frame 14 and the friction disk 15 are received in this space 9 formed between the body 10 and the support 6.

In particular, the sheets 16 are arranged between the body 10 and the frame 14, the frame 14 is arranged between the sheets 16 and the friction disc 15, and the friction disc 15 is arranged between the frame 14 and the support 6.

In this first embodiment of the electromagnetic braking device 5, the body 10 forms an external part while the armature 14 forms an intermediate part.

In the example illustrated, the sheets 16 and the frame 14 are mounted movable in translation on the rotating shaft 7 and relative to the body 10, in space 9. The body 10 is here fixed relative to the support 6. The friction disk 15 is for its part configured to be mechanically secured to the rotating shaft 7.

The friction disk 15 comprises a lining 20 on one face facing the frame 14 and a lining 20 on an opposite face of the friction disk 15 facing the support 6. Each lining 20 has an annular section and is provided at least in periphery of the friction disk 15.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 is configured so that, when it is not electrically powered, the sheets 16 and the armature 14 move in a first so-called braking direction towards the friction disk 15 until the armature 14 comes to rest against the friction disk 15 to block it from rotating and thus prevent the rotation of the rotating shaft 7.

On the contrary, when the electromagnetic braking device 5 is electrically powered, the sheets 16 and the armature 14 move in a second direction opposite to the first direction, moving away from the friction disk 15 so as to release it and allow its rotation.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 is further provided with a position sensor 40 of the intermediate part mounted on a peripheral face of the body 10 and provided to detect the position of the armature 14, so as to check whether the armature is in contact or not with the friction disk 15.

The position sensor 40 is here provided with an external electronic box and a so-called plunger mechanism 45 mechanically secured to the armature 14 and which in particular comprises a rod partially projecting from the armature 14 towards the friction disk 15 , and around which a spring member is mounted.

Figures 4 to 7 show the electromagnetic braking device 5 in more detail.

In particular, the body 10 of the electromagnetic braking device 5 has an internal face 11 and an external face 13 opposite axially to the internal face 11.

The internal face 11 has an internal peripheral edge 72 and an external peripheral edge 74.

The body 10 is provided with a central orifice 41 around which the internal peripheral edge 72 is located, and which delimits the central opening 12 of the electromagnetic braking device 5.

The body 10 is provided with a housing 21 opening onto its internal face 11. The housing 21 is concentric with the central orifice 41 of the body 10 and provided between the internal and external peripheral edges 72 and 74 of the internal face 11 of the body 10.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 comprises an electric coil 22 which is received in the housing 21 while being substantially flush with the internal face 11 of the body 10. The coil 22 is powered by conductive wires 47 passing through a peripheral face of the body 10.

The body 10 is also provided with blind holes 23 and 25 opening onto its internal face 11.

The electromagnetic braking device 5 further comprises internal and external springs 24 and 26 formed here of helical springs. Alternatively, it could be spring washers or any other type of elastic mechanical system capable of exerting a stress.

The internal and external springs 24 and 26 are at least partially received in the blind holes 23 and 25 and extend projecting from the internal face 11 of the body 10.

The internal and external springs 24 and 26 are designed to come into contact with one of the magnetic metal sheets 16 which is directly opposite the internal face 11 of the body 10.

In particular, the body 10 is provided with a first series of blind holes 23 regularly distributed along the internal peripheral edge 72 of the internal face 11 and a second series of blind holes 25 regularly distributed along the external peripheral edge 74 of the face internal 11.

The first and second series of blind holes 23 and 25 are thus arranged on either side of the housing 21 which separates them.

The blind holes 23 of the first series receive the internal compression springs 24 while the blind holes 25 of the second series receive the external compression springs 26.

The depth of the blind holes 23 and 25 may be identical or different from one series to another, while the internal and external springs 24 and 26 may be identical or different, in particular with regard to their stiffness, length, diameter and state of compression.

In the example illustrated, the first series is formed by three blind holes 23 while the second series is formed by eight blind holes 25.

The blind holes 23 and 25 of each series are here distributed concentrically.

The body 10 is also provided with through holes 27 ( ) which are here regularly distributed along the external peripheral edge 74 of the internal face 11 of the body 10 and extend parallel to the central axis X, which through holes 27 are configured to be crossed by the assembly screws 17.

Each through hole 27 opens at a first end on the internal face 11 of the body 10 and at a second end, opposite the first end, on the external face 13 of the body 10.

The first end of each through hole 27 opening onto the internal face 11 of the body 10 is widened, as visible on the .

The body 10 is also provided with blind holes 39 which are here located along the outer peripheral edge 74 of the internal face 11 of the body 10 and extend parallel to the central axis X. The body 10 is here provided with two holes one-eyed 39 which are diametrically opposed. The blind holes 39 are configured to receive guide posts 29 of the braking device.

When they are received in the blind holes 39, the guide posts 29 project from the internal face 11 of the body 10.

The guide posts 29 are configured on the one hand to guide the sheets 16 and the frame 14 in translation in space 9 and on the other hand to ensure resistance to the force of the frame 14 when the latter comes resting against the friction disk 15.

The spacers 30 of the electromagnetic braking device 5 comprise a through hole 31 which is configured to be crossed by an assembly screw 17.

The spacers 30 are thus regularly distributed along the external peripheral edge 74 of the internal face 11 of the body 10 and are arranged so that the through hole 31 is opposite the through holes 27 of the body 10.

In particular, the spacers 30 are provided, at a first end, with a main portion 32 configured to come to bear on the support 6 and, at a second end opposite the first end, with a thinned portion 33 which is connected to the main portion 32 by a shoulder 34. The first enlarged end of each through hole 27 is configured to receive the thinned portion 33 of each spacer 30 until the internal face 11 of the body 10 abuts against the shoulder 34.

Thus, the main portion 32 has a length, along the central axis X, which corresponds to the distance separating the body 10 from the support 6.

In the example illustrated, this distance is equal to the sum of the dimensions, along the central axis

It is thus possible to adjust the distance separating the body 10 from the support 6 by replacing the spacers 30 with spacers having a main portion 32 which has different dimensions.

In other words, the air gap can be adjusted by selecting a predefined length of the main portion 32.

In a variant not illustrated, this could make it possible to form a device having an air gap of variable size.

In another variant not illustrated, the shoulder of the spacer can abut against the sheet farthest from the body.

In order to secure the body 10 to the support 6, the support 6 is provided with tapped holes 65 provided to complement the through holes 27 of the body 10, which tapped holes 65 are configured to receive the assembly screws 17.

As illustrated in , each assembly screw 17 is provided with a threaded portion 18 at a first end and a head 19 at a second end opposite the first end.

The assembly screws 17 are inserted by their first end into the through holes 27 until the head 19 abuts against the external face 13 of the body 10. The threaded portion 18 projects out from the side of the internal face 11 to be screwed into the tapped holes 65 of the support 6.

The magnetic metal sheets 16 are provided with a central orifice 42 which delimits the central opening 12 of the electromagnetic braking device 5. Each sheet 16 has an identical substantially annular section.

The magnetic metal sheets 16 have an internal peripheral zone 62 and an external peripheral zone 64 and here have a constant thickness Ef.

Each magnetic metal sheet 16 comprises first guide orifices 28 which pass through and are provided substantially in the external peripheral zone 64 of each sheet 16. These first guide orifices 28 are provided in complementarity with the through holes 27 of the body 10 and the tapped holes 65 of the support 6. Each first guide orifice 28 is configured to be crossed by the main portion 32 of each spacer 30.

Each magnetic metal sheet 16 also includes second guide orifices 52 which pass through and are provided substantially in the external peripheral zone 64 of each sheet 16. The second guide orifices 52 are configured to receive the guide pins 29 with an adjustment allowing the movement of the sheets 16 along the guide columns 29. This makes it possible on the one hand to guide the magnetic metal sheets 16 in translation between the body 10 and the support 6, and on the other hand to block the rotation of the sheets 16 around the central axis X of body 10.

The magnetic metal sheets 16 have a solid surface facing the blind holes 23 and 25 of the body 10 so that the internal and external springs 24 and 26 bear against the sheets 16.

In the example shown, the electromagnetic braking device 5 comprises thirteen identical magnetic metal sheets 16.

Alternatively, the electromagnetic braking device may comprise more or less identical magnetic metal sheets 16, and more generally there may be between two and thirty identical or different sheets.

Each sheet 16 here has a thickness Ef of approximately 0.5 mm. More generally, the sheets 16 can have a thickness Ef of between approximately 0.3 mm and approximately 5 mm.

When they rest against each other, the plurality of magnetic metal sheets 16 has a predetermined thickness Eft which corresponds to the sum of the thicknesses Ef of each sheet 16.

The sheets 16 can be electrically insulated from each other, for example by being coated with a varnish. The sheets 16 can be provided with an anti-corrosion treatment, just like the frame 14 and the body 10.

The reinforcement 14 has a massive structure and is in the form of a plate of constant thickness Ea.

The armature 14 is provided with a central orifice 43 delimiting the central opening 12 of the electromagnetic braking device 5.

The frame 14 has an internal peripheral zone 92 and an external peripheral zone 94.

The frame 14 is provided with third guide orifices 38 which pass through and are provided substantially in the external peripheral zone 94 of the frame 14. The third guide orifices 38 are provided in complementarity with the first guide orifices 28 of the metal sheets 16 magnetic. Each third guide orifice 38 is configured to be crossed by the main portion 32 of each spacer 30.

The frame also includes fourth guide orifices 54 which pass through and are provided substantially in the external peripheral zone 94 of the frame. The fourth guide orifices 54 are configured to receive the guide posts 29 with an adjustment allowing the movement of the armature 14 along the guide posts 29.

In particular, the adjustment between the second and fourth guide orifices 52 and 54 and the guide posts 29 is less than the adjustment between the first and third 28 and 38 guide orifices and the spacers 30.

The reinforcement 14 here has a thickness Ea of approximately 12 mm. More generally, the reinforcement 14 can have a thickness Ea of between approximately 0.5 mm and approximately 40 mm. The thickness Ea of the armature 14 is much greater than the thickness Ef of each magnetic metal sheet 16.

The ratio between the thickness Ea of the armature 14 and the thickness Eft of the magnetic metal sheets 16 pressing against each other is here equal to approximately 1.86. More generally, this ratio can be between approximately 0.2 and approximately 30, or even between approximately 0.2 and 5.

The armature 14 and the magnetic metal sheets 16 are separate elements, and the sheets 16 themselves are separate elements, so as to be able to move away from each other. In other words, the frame 14 is distinct from the sheets 16 and the sheets 16 are distinct from each other.

The friction disc 15 has a section which is smaller than that of the frame 14 and the sheets 16 so that the spacers 30 are located around the friction disc 15.

The friction disk 15 comprises a hub 35 having a projecting part extending axially towards the body 10. The hub 35 is here grooved.

As illustrated in , the rotating shaft 7 comprises a splined portion 61 complementary to the hub 35. The splined portion 61 is configured to come into sliding engagement with the hub 35. In this way, the friction disk 15 can rotate with the rotating shaft 7 and slide axially along the grooved portion 61 of the rotating shaft 7.

The projecting part of the hub 35 is configured to be received in the central orifices 42 and 43 provided respectively on the sheets 16 and on the frame 14.

Figures 8 to 11, then 12, respectively show the electromagnetic braking device 5 in a braking or unbraking configuration, and then during the transition from the unbraking configuration to the braking configuration.

As visible in Figures 8 and 9, the electromagnetic braking device 5 is in its braking configuration in which the electric coil 22 is at rest, that is to say not supplied with current, and the armature 14 is against the friction disk 15 , under the action of internal and external springs 24 and 26.

The internal and external springs 24 and 26 thus act on the armature 14 via the sheets 16. The armature 14 is pushed in the first direction until it comes into contact with the lining 20 of the friction disk 15 and pushes the latter against the casing 6.

In particular, the internal springs 24 are configured to act towards the internal peripheral zone 62 of the sheets 16, while the external springs 26 are configured to act towards the external peripheral zone 64 of the sheets 16.

The rotating shaft 7 is thus blocked in rotation by the enclosing of the friction disk 15 between the frame 14 and the support 6 under the action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26.

In this configuration, a J1 space ( ) corresponding to the air gap, is formed between the internal face 11 of the body 10 and the sheets 16. The space J1 can be adjusted by modifying the thickness Ea and/or the number of sheets 16, the thickness Ea of the armature 14 and/or the size of the main portion 32 of the spacers 30.

As visible in Figures 10 and 11, the electromagnetic braking device 5 is in its release configuration in which the electric coil 22 is supplied with current.

The electric coil 22 is configured to generate a magnetic flux circulating in the magnetic metal sheets 16, in the body 10 and in the armature 14.

The magnetic flux generated by the electric coil 22 thus attracts the magnetic metal sheets 16 and the armature 14 against the internal face 11 of the body 10.

For this purpose, the frame 14 and the sheets 16 are made of a magnetic material. For example, the frame 14 can be made of cast iron, steel such as non-alloy steel of type C10, C22 or C45, while the sheets 16 can be made of steel.

The armature 14 and the sheets 16 are moved under the action of the magnetic flux in the second direction opposite to the first direction, directed towards the internal face 11 of the body 10 until the armature 14 presses the sheets 16 against the internal face 11 of the body 10.

In this configuration, a J2 space ( ) corresponding to the air gap, is formed between the armature 14 and the friction disk 15. The space J2 can be adjusted in the same way as the space J1 located between the internal face 11 of the body 10 and the sheets 16 .

In the brake release configuration, the brake disc 15 is thus at a distance from the armature 14 and the support 6 and is free to rotate.

In each of the braking or unbraking configurations previously described, the sheets 16 are pushed in the first direction against the frame 14 and are compressed together, in particular at the level of the application zones of the force exerted by the internal springs and external 24 and 26.

On the , the electromagnetic braking device 5 is in an intermediate configuration corresponding to the transition from the braking configuration, illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, to the unbraking configuration, illustrated in Figures 10 and 11.

When moving from the braking configuration to the unbraking configuration, the electric coil 22 is supplied with current and the magnetic flux generated by this electric coil 22 gradually circulates from the sheet 16 directly facing the internal face 11 of the body 10 until 'to frame 14.

The progressive circulation of the magnetic flux causes a successive and progressive movement of the sheets 16 then of the armature 14 in the second direction.

In the example illustrated, we distinguish among the magnetic metal sheets 16, sheets, denoted 16a to distinguish them, which are attracted towards the internal face 11 of the body 10 under the action of the magnetic flux generated by the electric coil 22 and the leaves, noted 16b to distinguish them, which are not yet magnetized or subjected to a magnetic flux sufficient to attract them.

The sheets 16b are therefore still compressed against the frame 14 at least at the level of the zones of application of the force exerted by the internal and external springs 24 and 26 while the magnetized sheets 16a are deformed at the remaining zones until to come into abutment against the internal face 11 of the body 10 under the action of the magnetic flux generated by the electric coil 22.

The action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26 as well as the action of the magnetic flux generated by the electric coil 22 thus contribute to the deformation of the magnetized sheets 16b.

This is possible on the one hand because the sheets 16 have a sufficiently low rigidity which does not allow them to compress the internal and external springs 24 and 26 while being under the action of the magnetic flux and on the other hand because they are independent of each other. from the others so that they can deviate in the first direction.

The magnetized sheets 16b deform radially between each of the zones of application of the force exerted by the external springs 26 and also deform circumferentially between each of the zones of application of the force applied by the internal and external springs 24 and 26 .

The armature 14 therefore detaches from the friction disk 15 when it is in turn magnetized until it comes against the sheets 16. The sheets 16 are thus reshaped between the armature 14 and the internal face 11 of the body 10 .

This is possible thanks to the massive structure of frame 14.

The kinetic energy of the armature 14 moving in the second direction is dissipated thanks to the sheets 16, which in particular makes it possible to reduce noise when the device 5 goes from its braking configuration to its release configuration.

The operation of the electromagnetic braking device 5 is quite similar when switching from the unbraking configuration to the braking configuration.

It differs in particular in that the electric coil 22 is no longer supplied with current and the magnetic flux gradually dissipates from the armature 14 to the sheet 16 directly facing the internal face 11 of the body 10, causing the displacement successive and progressive of the frame 14 and the sheets 16.

The armature 14 is thus moved in the first direction before the sheets 16 as soon as the magnetic flux is no longer sufficient to attract it, so that there is a space between the internal face 11 of the body 10 and the sheet 16 directly adjacent to the internal face 11, which space allows the magnetized sheets 16b to deform under the action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26.

The progressive dissipation of the magnetic flux causes a successive and progressive movement of the sheets 16 in the first direction, thus forming a plurality of air gaps between the sheets 16. These air gaps generate a plurality of magnetic fluxes, or magnetic flux bridges, between the face internal 11 of the body 10 and the armature 14, which make it possible to dissipate the magnetic flux more quickly in the armature 14.

The sheets 16 are moved successively until they come against the frame 14, which makes it possible in particular to reduce the speed of movement of the frame 14 against the friction disk 15.

Figures 13 and 14 show the electromagnetic braking device according to a second embodiment and in which only the arrangement of the body and the armature differs from the electromagnetic braking device visible in Figures 2 to 12.

To simplify the description, the same numerical references were therefore used except for the body and the frame for which similar references but added with the number 100 were used.

In this device 105, the spacers 30 are arranged between the magnetic armature 114 and the support 6 to define a space between these elements.

The spacers 30 are here configured to maintain a predetermined distance between the armature 114 and the support 6. The magnetic metal sheets 16, the body 110 and the friction disk 15 are received in the space 9 formed between the armature 114 and the support 6.

In particular, a first end of the main portion of each spacer 30 is configured to come to bear against the support 6 and a second end opposite the first end is configured to come to bear against the frame 114.

In a variant not illustrated, the second end of each spacer can be configured to bear against the sheet farthest from the frame.

Cap screws 17 pass through the through hole in each spacer. In particular, the assembly screws 17 are inserted by their first end into the through holes until the head abuts against the frame 114. The threaded portion projects out from the side of the first end of the spacer 30 to be screwed into the tapped holes of support 6.

The sheets 16 are arranged between the body 110 and the frame 114, the body 110 is arranged between the sheets 16 and the friction disk 15 is arranged between the body 110 and the support 6.

In this second embodiment of the electromagnetic braking device 5, the body 110 forms the intermediate part while the armature 114 forms the external part. Indeed, the sheets 16 and the body 110 are mounted movable in translation on the rotating shaft 7 and in relation to the armature 114, in space 9, while the armature 114 is fixed in relation to the support 6.

The electromagnetic braking device 105 is configured so that, when it is not electrically powered, the sheets 16 and the body 110 move in the first so-called braking direction towards the friction disc 15 until the body 110 comes to bear against the friction disk 15 to block it from rotating and thus prevent the rotation of the rotating shaft 7.

On the contrary, when the electromagnetic braking device 105 is electrically powered, the leaves 16 and the body 110 move at least partially in the second direction, moving away from the friction disk 15 so as to release it and allow its rotation.

The position sensor is here provided to detect the position of the body 110, so as to check whether or not the body 110 is in contact with the friction disk 15. The so-called plunger mechanism (not shown) is mechanically secured to the body 110 and the rod it comprises partially projects from the body 110 towards the friction disk 15, and around which a spring member is mounted.

The through holes 127 are here configured to be crossed by the main portion of each spacer 30. Unlike the first embodiment, the through holes 127 do not have an enlarged end but have a constant section allowing the movement of the body 110 the along the main portion of the spacers 30.

The third guide holes 138 are configured to receive the thinned portion of the spacers 30 as well as the assembly screws 17.

Each third guide orifice 138 opens at a first end on a face of the frame 114 facing the sheets 16 and at a second end, opposite the first end, on a face opposite the face facing the sheets 16.

In particular, the first end of each third guide orifice 138 opening onto the face facing the sheets 16 is here widened and configured to receive the thinned portion of each spacer 30 until the face of the frame 114 facing towards the sheets 16 abut against the shoulder.

It is thus possible to adjust the distance separating the frame 114 from the support 6 by replacing the spacers 30 with spacers having a main portion which has different dimensions.

There shows the electromagnetic braking device 105 in more detail.

The assembly screws 17 are inserted by their first end into the third guide orifices 138 until the head abuts against the face of the frame 114 on the side opposite the sheets 16. The threaded portion emerges projecting from the face of the frame 114 facing the sheets 16 to be screwed into the tapped holes 65 of the support 6.

The main portion of the spacers 30 is thus configured on the one hand to guide the sheets 16 and the body 110 in translation in space 9 and, on the other hand, to ensure resistance to the force of the body 110 when the latter comes to rest against the friction disk 15.

The friction disk 15 has a section smaller than that of the body 110, the external face of which is configured to come into contact with one of the linings of the friction disk 15.

The protruding part of the hub is configured to be received in the central opening of the body 110.

When the electromagnetic braking device 105 is in its braking configuration, the body 110 is moved in the first direction, towards the friction disc 15, under the action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26 and the sheets 16 are against the frame 114, also under the action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26.

In particular, the internal and external springs 24 and 26 act on the frame 114 via the sheets 16, and push the body 110 by counter-reaction in the first direction until it comes into contact with the lining of the disk. friction 15 and push the latter against the support 6.

The rotating shaft 7 is thus blocked in rotation by the enclosing of the friction disk 15 between the body 110 and the support 6 under the action of the internal and external springs 24 and 26.

In this configuration, a space (not shown) is formed between the internal face of the body 110 and the sheets 16.

When the electromagnetic braking device 105 is in its release configuration, the body 110 is moved in the second direction under the action of the magnetic flux generated by the electric coil 22 and the sheets 16 are against the armature 114.

The friction disk 15 is thus distant from the body 110 and the support 6 and is therefore free to rotate.

In this configuration, a space (not shown) is formed between the external face of the body 110 and the friction disk 15.

In each of the braking or unbraking configurations previously described, the sheets 16 are pushed in the second direction against the frame 114 and are compressed together, particularly at the areas of application of the force exerted by the internal springs and external 24 and 26.

When the device 105 is in an intermediate configuration corresponding to the transition from the braking configuration to the unbraking configuration, the progressive circulation of the magnetic flux causes the successive and progressive movement of the part of the sheets 16 located in the application zone of the magnetic flux in the first direction, then the movement of the body 110 in the second direction.

The sheets which are not yet magnetized or subjected to a magnetic flux sufficient to attract them are therefore still compressed against the frame 114 at least at the level of the application zones of the force exerted by the internal and external springs 24 and 26 while the magnetized sheets are deformed in the remaining zones under the action of the magnetic flux until the internal face of the body 110 comes into contact with these magnetized sheets.

When the magnetic flux is sufficiently high, the body 110 therefore separates from the friction disk 15 until it comes against the sheets 16 which are reshaped by compression between the internal face of the body 110 and the frame 114.

The kinetic energy of the body 110 moving in the second direction is dissipated thanks to the sheets 16, which in particular makes it possible to reduce noise when device 105 switches from its braking configuration to its release configuration.

When the device 105 is in an intermediate configuration corresponding to the transition from the release configuration to the braking configuration, the progressive dissipation of the magnetic flux causes the body 110 to move in the first direction as soon as the magnetic flux is no longer sufficient , so that there is a space between the internal face of the body 110 and the sheet 16 directly adjacent to the internal face, at least at the level of the application zones of the force exerted by the internal and external springs 24 and 26 , which space allows the still magnetized sheets to deform under the action of the magnetic flux remaining at the zones remote from the zones of application of the force exerted by the internal and external springs 24 and 26.

The progressive dissipation of the magnetic flux leads to a cancellation of the successive and progressive deformation of the sheets 16 and therefore of the plurality of air gaps between the sheets 16.

The part or parts of the sheets 16 located in the zone of application of the force exerted by the internal and external springs 24 and 26 remain compressed against the frame 114.

Figures 15 to 17 illustrate an electromagnetic braking device according to a third embodiment, of the same type as that described with reference to Figures 13 and 14, but in which the body, the armature and the sheets differ from the latter.

To simplify the description, the same numerical references were therefore used except for the body, the frame, the sheets, the spacers and the position sensor of the intermediate part for which similar references but added the number 200 were used.

In this device, the body 210 is formed in two identical parts 210a and 210b, each part having a semi-circle section. Parts 210a and 210b are independent of each other.

The body 210 has on its internal face 211 several housings 221 of closed contour, opening onto the internal face 211. In the example illustrated, the housings 221 are four in number, the parts 210a and 210b of the body 210 each have two housings 221. The housings 221 are identical and define a circular contour.

In each housing 221 is received an electric coil 222 of complementary shape, that is to say of circular section. Thus, the electromagnetic braking device 205 comprises four coils powered independently of each other. Thus, when a coil 222 received in a housing 221 of one of the parts 210a and 210b is energized, this part moves independently of the other part of the body 210.

The blind holes 223 are arranged inside the closed contours defined by each housing 221, while the blind holes 225 are arranged outside. However, the blind holes 223 and 225 are not regularly distributed along an internal peripheral edge and an external peripheral edge of the internal face 211 of the body 210 as in the embodiments previously described. The internal face 211 of the body 210 here has four blind holes 223 distributed inside each of the closed contours formed by the housings 221. The internal compression springs 224 are received in the blind holes 223 while the external compression springs 226 are received in the blind holes 225.

The body 210 is here provided with four blind holes 239 configured to receive the guide posts 29. Each part 210a, 210b is provided with two blind holes 239 which are arranged along the outer peripheral edge 274 of the internal face 211 of the body 210 .

The frame 214 here has a generally square shape. The through holes 238 for the passage of the assembly screws 17 are located at each corner of the frame 214 so that, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, the assembly screws 17 and the spacers 230 extend to the exterior of the body 210. The body 210 and the sheets 216 are thus devoid of through holes for the passage of assembly screws and spacers.

The spacers 230 here have a constant section. In other words, the spacers 230 do not have a thinned portion unlike the embodiments previously described.

The position sensor 240 intended to detect the position of the body 210 is fixed to the frame 214 and comprises two projecting rods extending in the direction of the body 210. In order to integrate the position sensor 240 into the frame 214, the frame 214 has a notch 259 in which the position sensor 240 is fixed. The rods of the position sensor 240 extending to the body 210, the sheets 216 and the body 210 also have a notch 268 and 269. It It should be noted that the notch 269 of the body 210 is blind in order to form a reference surface allowing the sensor to determine the position of the body 210.

Unlike the embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 to 12, the conductive wires 247 used to power the coils 222 extend from the internal face 211 of the body 210 and not from its peripheral face. Each of the parts 210a and 210b has an orifice located between the housings 221 for the passage of conductive wires 247.

So that the conductive wires 247 are not exposed to the outside of the device 205, the sheets 216 and the frame 214 are respectively provided with orifices 257 and 258 intended to be crossed by the conductive wires 247.

There illustrates an electromagnetic braking device according to a fourth embodiment, of the same type as those described with reference to Figures 2 to 17, but with sheets which are different.

To simplify the description, the same numerical references were therefore used except for the sheets for which similar references but added the number 300 were used.

In this device bearing the reference 305, each sheet 316 comprises a main portion 381 which is generally similar to the shape of the sheets of the embodiments described previously with reference to Figures 2 to 17.

Each sheet 316 comprises, in addition to the main portion 381, support portions 382 extending radially projecting externally from the main portion 381. The support portions 382 are connected to the main portion 381 by connection portions 383.

Each support portion 382 is provided with a through orifice 385. The through holes 385 are aligned with the holes 238 of the frame 214, which allows the passage of the assembly screws 17.

The spacers 230 here have a cross section whose dimensions are greater than those of the through holes 385. Thus, the second ends of the spacers 230 bear against the supporting portions 382 of one of the sheets 316, namely the sheet farthest from the frame 214.

The support portions 382 of all the sheets 316 rest against each other and form, for example, distinct blocks which are interposed and maintained in contact between the spacers 230 and the frame 214. Thus, the support portions 382 are kept fixed relative to the frame 214.

In the example illustrated, each spacer 230 has a length equal to the sum of the dimensions, along the central axis X, of the disc 15, the body 210 and the air gap.

In other words, the length of the spacers 230 does not include the thickness of the sheets 316. This makes it possible to overcome any manufacturing tolerances of the sheets in the definition of the air gap.

Furthermore, in operation, the support portions 382 do not harm the movement and deformation of the main portions 381 of the sheets 316. In fact, the sheets 316 are configured so that the connection portions 383, located between the portions of The support 382 and the main portions 381 allow the movement and deformation of the main portions 381 while having the support portions 382 immobile. In this way, the independence of the main portions 381 of the sheets 316 is preserved.

In other words, each connection portion 383 is configured to deform when the associated main portion 381 deforms under the action of the at least one mechanical actuation member and/or under the action of the at least one mechanical actuation member. minus one electromagnetic actuator.

Of course, the device 305 may include more or fewer support portions, which may be arranged differently around the main portion.

Figures 19 and 20 illustrate an electromagnetic braking device according to a fifth embodiment, of the same type as those described with reference to Figures 2 to 17, but with sheets and an armature which are here also different.

To simplify the description, the same numerical references were therefore used except for the sheets and the frame for which similar references but added the number 400 were used.

In particular, Figures 19 and 20 respectively show the electromagnetic braking device 405 in a release configuration and in a braking configuration.

In this device, the support portions 482 and the connection portions 483 are not formed projecting from the main portion 481, but in the main portion 481 by means of cutouts formed in the latter.

In other words, the support portions 482 and the connection portions 483 are located within the dimensions of the main portions 481.

Each main portion 481 here has a cutout (not shown) defining a support portion 482 and a connection portion 483 attaching the support portion 482 to the main portion 481. The support portion 482 is located towards an external edge of the main portion 481.

The support portion 482 is provided with a through orifice 485.

Each thinned portion 33 of the spacer 30 is received in a hole 27 of the body 10 and passes through the orifices 485 passing through sheets 416 while the section of the main portion 32 has dimensions greater than those of the through orifice 385.

Thus, the shoulder 34 of the spacer 30 is here supported against the support portion 482 of one of the sheets 416, namely the sheet furthest from the body 10, so as to maintain the support portions 482 fixed relative to body 10.

The frame 414 is provided with guide notches 438 which are each configured to be crossed by the main portion 32 of the spacers 30.

The threaded holes of the support 6 are aligned with the guide notches 438 and the holes of the body 10 to receive the assembly screws 17.

When the electromagnetic braking device 405 is in its release configuration, as illustrated in , the main portions 481 are compressed between the frame 414 and the body 10 while the support portions 482 are compressed between the spacer 30 and the body 10.

When the electromagnetic braking device 405 is in its braking configuration, as illustrated in , each block formed by the support portions 482 is kept in contact between the body 10 and the associated spacer 30. The main portion 481 of each sheet 416, which is no longer under the action of the electromagnetic actuator, is pushed by the mechanical actuator (not shown) towards the friction disk 15 and moves independently of the support portion 482 by deforming the connection portion 483.

Of course, the device may include more or fewer support portions, which may be arranged differently around the main portion.

Figures 21 and 22 illustrate an electromagnetic braking device according to a sixth embodiment, of the same type as that described with reference to Figures 1 to 20, but with sheets and a support which are different.

To simplify the description, the same numerical references were therefore used except for the sheets and the support for which similar references but added the number 500 were used.

In particular, Figures 21 and 22 respectively show the electromagnetic braking device 505 in a release configuration and in a braking configuration.

In this device, each sheet 516 comprises a support member 582 extending around the main portion 581 and forming the support portion. In particular, the support member 582 forms a peripheral strapping provided at a distance from an external edge of the main portion 581. The support member 582 is attached to the main portion 581 by a connection portion 583. The support member 582 can also serve as a sealing member.

The support 506 comprises a support rim 586 forming the connecting member and which projects towards the body 10. The rim 586 has a free end which bears against the support member 582 of one of the sheets 516. Thus, a sealing function can also be ensured.

The support members 582 bear against each other and form, for example, a block extending around the periphery of the sheets 516. This arrangement can in particular make it possible to create a sealed interface between an internal space, delimited by the body 10, the support 506 and the support members 582 and the exterior of the device 505.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic braking device 505 does not have a spacer. The rim 586 is thus configured to maintain a predetermined distance between the body 10 and the support 506. The rim 586 is for example of a complementary shape to the support member 582, which has for example a circular shape.

Variations not shown are described below.

The device may also include several friction disks, with an intermediate flange mounted movable in translation along the central axis and which is provided between the friction disks.

The device can also include several armatures mounted movable in translation along the central axis but fixed in rotation.

The body may have more than two distinct parts. The sheets and/or frame may also have two or more distinct parts.

Other sections of body, armature, sheets and electrical coils can be considered, for example an oval, parallelepiped or triangular shape.

When the device has several coils, these coils can be powered independently of each other, or by a set of at least two coils. For example, the coils arranged in one part of a body can be powered independently of the coils arranged in another part of the body.

The coil(s) and the housing(s) may be circular, oval, parallelepiped, triangular or even bean-shaped.

The compression springs can be distributed in a central zone located between the internal peripheral edge and the external peripheral edge.

The body may have only one series of blind holes receiving springs, arranged either along an outer edge, or along an inner edge, or in a central area located between the outer edge and the inner edge .

The body can be secured to a flange in the form of a plate, when the electromagnetic braking device is not in direct proximity to a casing, in order to block the friction disk in rotation between the armature and the flask.

The assembly screws used to mechanically secure the body to the casing or to a flange can be replaced by bolts.

The device may not have a position sensor for the intermediate part.

The device can be provided with an O-ring housed in a groove on the internal face of the body, in particular to further reduce noise.

The body of the device may not have a central opening. The body may include an opening which is not through, for example opening only on the internal face or the external face.

The device may be provided with one or more non-magnetic shims, or shims, housed between the internal face of the body and the first adjacent metal sheet, and/or between the magnetic metal sheets or between the armature and the adjacent sheet, in particular to further reduce noise or improve device response times.

Thanks to the invention, a simple and efficient electromagnetic braking device can be provided, allowing faster dissipation of the magnetic flux in the armature. Thus, it is possible to reduce the transition time from a release configuration to a braking configuration in comparison with a similar device without magnetic metal sheets.

The magnetic metal sheets allow repeated use of the device without permanent deformation or premature wear due to their elastic properties.

Although in the description above, the particular aspects of the invention, in particular the implementation of the mobility system, have been described in the context of an elevator, the latter could be implemented in other configurations, especially with other types of mobility systems.

It is recalled more generally that the invention is not limited to the examples described and represented.

Claims (20)

Electromagnetic braking device configured to block a rotating shaft (7), comprising a friction disk (15) mounted movable in translation and rotation and configured to be integral with the rotating shaft (7), an external part (10, 114 , 214) and an intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) mounted movable in translation between the friction disk (15) and the external part (10, 114, 214), at least one of the external part ( 10, 114, 214) or the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) being magnetic, at least one electromagnetic actuating member (22, 222) and at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26, 224, 226) which are housed in the other of the external part (10, 114, 214) or the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414), the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) being configured to move in a first so-called braking direction towards the friction disk (15) when it is under the action of the at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26, 224, 226), and in a second direction opposite the first direction towards the external part (10, 114, 214) when the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) is under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuating member (22 , 222); the electromagnetic braking device (5, 105, 205, 305, 405, 505) being characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of magnetic sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) independent of each other and movable in translation between the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) and the external part (10, 114, 214) when they are under the action of the at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26 , 224, 226) and/or under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuation member (22, 222). Electromagnetic braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the external part is formed by a magnetic body (10), respectively a magnetic armature (114, 214), and the intermediate part is formed by an armature (14, 414) magnetic, respectively a magnetic body (110, 210). Electromagnetic braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one electromagnetic actuating member (22, 222) and the at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26, 224, 226) are housed in the body (10, 110, 210) and the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) are located against the frame (14, 114, 214, 414) under the action of the at least one organ mechanical actuation (24, 26, 224, 226). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is configured so that, in a braking configuration, the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) are pushed by the au minus one mechanical actuator member (24, 26, 224, 226) from the external part (10), respectively the intermediate part (110, 210), towards the intermediate part (14, 414), respectively the external part (114 , 214), and in a release configuration, the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) are at least partially moved under the action of the at least one electromagnetic actuator (22, 222) from the intermediate part (14, 414), respectively the external part (114, 214), towards the external part (10), respectively the intermediate part (110, 210), with the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516 ) which deform successively under the simultaneous action of the at least one mechanical actuation member (24, 26, 224, 226). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26, 224, 226) is configured to actuate internal and/or external peripheral zones ( 62, 64) of the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516), while the electromagnetic actuator (22, 222) is configured to generate a magnetic flux circulating in the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516), the body (10, 110, 210) and the frame (14, 114, 214, 414). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ratio between a thickness (Ea) of the intermediate part (14, 414), respectively of the external part (114, 214), and a thickness (Eft) of the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) pressing against each other is between approximately 0.2 and approximately 30. Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises between approximately 2 and approximately 30 sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each sheet (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) has a thickness (Ef) of between 0.3 mm and approximately 5 mm and/or each sheet (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) has substantially the same thickness (Ef). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the external part (10) or the intermediate part (110, 210) has an internal face (11, 211) and comprises at least one blind hole ( 23, 25, 223, 225) opening onto said internal face (11, 211), the at least one mechanical actuating member (24, 26, 224, 226) being a compression spring partially housed in said blind hole ( 23, 25, 223, 225) and extending projecting from said internal face (11, 211) until it comes into contact with one of the sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) which is directly opposite of said internal face (11, 211). Braking device according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of compression springs (24, 26, 224, 226) distributed along an external peripheral edge (74) and/or a peripheral edge internal (72) of said internal face (11). Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the external part (10) or the intermediate part (110, 210) has an internal face (11) and comprises a housing (21, 221) provided in said internal face (11, 211), the electromagnetic actuator member (22, 222) comprising an electric coil housed in said housing (21, 221) and configured to generate a magnetic flux circulating in said sheets (16, 216 , 316, 416, 516) and in said external part (10, 114, 214) and in the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) when said electric coil is supplied with electric current. Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the external part (10, 114, 214) is configured to be mechanically secured to a support (6, 506), the friction disc (15) being located axially between the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) and said support (6, 506). Braking device according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one assembly member (17) having a first end mechanically secured to said external part (10, 114, 214) and a second end, opposite said first end, mechanically secured to said support (6, 506) so that said friction disc (15), said intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) and said sheets (16, 216, 316, 416, 516) are located between said external part (10, 114, 214) and said support (6, 506). Braking device according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises at least one connecting member (30, 230) having a main portion (32) of which a first end is configured to come to bear against said support (6) and a second end, opposite the first end, is configured to come to bear against said external part (10, 114, 214), the at least one connecting member (30, 230) comprising a through orifice (31) configured to be crossed by said assembly member (17). Braking device according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises several connecting members (30, 230) distributed along an external peripheral edge (74) of said external part (10, 114, 214). Electromagnetic braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises at least one connecting member (30, 230, 586) configured to maintain a predetermined distance between the external part (10, 214) and a support (6, 506) intended to grip, with the intermediate part (14, 210, 414), the friction disk (15), and in that each sheet (316, 416, 516) comprises a main portion ( 381, 481, 581), a support portion (382, 482, 582) and a connection portion (383, 483, 583) connecting the support portion (382, 482, 582) to the main portion (381 , 481, 581) of the sheet (316, 416, 516), the connecting member (30, 230, 586) being supported against the support portion (382, 482, 582) of one of the sheets ( 316, 416, 516), so that the support portions (382, 482, 582) of all the sheets are supported against each other and are interposed and maintained in contact between the connecting member (30, 230, 586) and the external part (10, 214), and each connecting portion (383, 483, 583) being configured to deform when the main portion (381, 481, 581) of the sheet (316, 416, 516) associated deforms under the action of the at least one mechanical actuation member (24, 26, 224, 226) and/or the at least one electromagnetic actuation member (22, 222). Electromagnetic braking device according to claim 16, characterized in that each sheet (316, 416) comprises support portions (382, 482) distinct and at a distance from each other, each support portion (382 , 482) being provided externally projecting from the main portion (381, 481) or in the main portion (381, 481), and the at least one connecting member (30, 230) is formed by a spacer. Electromagnetic braking device according to claim 16, characterized in that each sheet comprises a support member (582) extending around the main portion (581) of the associated sheet (516) and forming the support portion ( 582), the support (506) comprising a support rim (586) forming the connecting member (583). Braking device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the external part (10, 114) comprises at least one through hole (27) having a first end opening onto a face facing said intermediate part (14 , 110), the at least one through hole (27) being widened on the side of its first end and the at least one connecting member (30) comprising a thinned end portion (33) configured to be received in the at least one through hole (27) on the side of its first end. Mobility system, for example of the elevator or forklift type, comprising an electromagnetic braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 19 and a rotating shaft (7) which is integral with a friction disk (15) of the device electromagnetic braking (5, 105, 205, 305, 405, 505), with the rotating shaft (7) which is locked in rotation when the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) has been moved in the first direction called braking and that it rests against the friction disk (15), and with the rotating shaft (7) which is free to rotate when the intermediate part (14, 110, 210, 414) has been moved in the second direction opposite to the first direction and that it is distant from the friction disk (15).