FR3133633A1 - Reinforcement section of a telecommunications pylon - Google Patents

Abstract

Section for a pylon, in particular for telecommunications, comprising a plurality of crosspieces, intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality of frames intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, and a plurality of diagonals connecting the one of the frames and one of the crosspieces, each frame being equipped with a securing means for fixing said section to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen from a set of predetermined values so that the section is adapted to reinforce said telecommunications pylon by doubling. Abstract Figure: Figure 1

Description

Reinforcement section of a telecommunications pylon

This application concerns a section of reinforcement of a telecommunications pylon.

The present disclosure relates to the field of telecommunications, and more particularly supports for telecommunications equipment.

Towers are known to be used to support various types of telecommunications equipment. Such pylons are designed according to several criteria, such as, for example, the wind force, the pylon installation area or even the initial head load.

Nowadays, as telecommunications networks are constantly evolving, it is common to replace, on a given pylon, the equipment installed with more recent equipment, which also often turns out to be heavier or more bulky, or to add more new equipment to those already installed. For each of these modifications, it is imperative to first calculate the new head load, in order to check whether the pylon can accommodate the new equipment.

If this is not the case, we can put in place an additional structure around the pylon to reinforce it during a so-called skirting operation. This complementary structure makes it possible to double the existing structure of the pylon in order to reinforce it.

However, such an operation, if necessary, has the disadvantage that its preparation is long and complex, due to the fact that each reinforcement that will be provided by skirting requires a specific study. The study in question then the provision of reinforcement can last between 8 weeks and 12 weeks, which not only involves an incompressible amount of time which can unacceptably delay the reinforcement work, and which, moreover, represents a significant cost for the owner of the pylon.

Summary

This disclosure improves the situation.

For this purpose, a section is proposed for a pylon, comprising a plurality of crosspieces, intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality of frames intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, each frame being equipped with a securing means for fixing said section to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen from a set of given values so that the section is adapted to reinforce said pylon by doubling.

Thus, thanks to the sections as proposed, it is possible to develop a range of standard sections of given value so as to quickly design a reinforcement of the pylon by a combination of sections selected from this range.

According to another aspect, the securing means comprises a pre-drilled plate.

According to another aspect, the sleepers are shaped so that a cross section of the section is constant over the height of the section.

According to another aspect, all the sleepers have the same length.

According to another aspect, the length values of said set of given values are spaced at most one meter.

According to another aspect, the length of the sleepers is chosen from the following lengths: 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m.

According to another aspect, the sleepers are shaped so that a cross section of the section varies linearly over the height of the section.

According to another aspect, a lower crosspiece forms a base of the section and an upper crosspiece forms a top of the section, a length of the associated top being a length equal to one meter less than the associated length.

According to another aspect, a lower crosspiece forms a base of the section and an upper crosspiece forms a top of the section, a length of the base being chosen from: 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m, a length of the associated vertex being of a length equal to 1 m less than the associated length.

According to another aspect, the section is shaped to have at least two heights. These two heights make it easier to attach the sections to the pylon.

According to another aspect, these two heights are 5 m and 6 m.

The invention also relates to a method of reinforcing by doubling (or skirting) a pylon, in particular a telecommunications pylon, comprising a step of choosing a section comprising a plurality of crosspieces, intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position , a plurality of frames intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, each frame being equipped with a securing means for fixing said section to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen from a set of given values of so that the section is suitable for reinforcing said pylon by doubling.

The invention also relates to a method of installing and assembling at least one section comprising a plurality of crosspieces, intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality of frames intended to be arranged mainly vertically in position service, each frame being equipped with a securing means for fixing said section to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen from a set of given values so that the section is adapted to reinforce said pylon by doubling, said method comprising a step of reinforcing the pylon by doubling comprising joining said section to said pylon.

The invention also relates to an assembly for doubling a pylon, comprising at least one section as described above secured to the pylon. This dubbing assembly makes it possible in particular to support telecommunications equipment.

Other characteristics, details and advantages will appear on reading the detailed description below, and on analyzing the attached drawings, in which:

Fig. 1

shows a perspective view of a combination of sections for a telecommunications pylon, according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 2

shows a schematic front view of a section according to a first variant of a second embodiment.

Fig. 3

shows a schematic front view of a section according to a second variant of the second embodiment.

Fig. 4

shows a schematic front view of a section according to a third variant of the second embodiment.

Fig. 5

shows a schematic front view of a section according to a fourth variant of the second embodiment.

Fig. 6

shows a schematic front view of a section according to a variant of the first embodiment.

Fig. 7

shows a schematic front view of a section according to another variant of the first embodiment.

Fig. 8

shows a schematic front view of a section according to yet another variant of the first embodiment.

Fig. 9

shows a detailed view of a means of joining two sections according to one of the preceding figures.

Fig. 10

shows a schematic view of several telecommunications pylons reinforced by sections according to one of the previous figures.

The present invention relates to a section, referenced 1 in Figures 1 to 10, shaped to reinforce a pylon, for example a telecommunications pylon 2 (see ), by structure doubling or skirting.

We note (X, Y, Z) a reference in which X and Y represent horizontal directions while Z indicates a vertical direction.

The pylon 2 is a tower comprising profiled tubes 3 on which telecommunications equipment (not shown), such as antennas, is positioned. Pylon 2 can be of the guyed or lattice type, as is the case on the .

In Figures 1 to 9, different embodiments of sections 1 are illustrated, which we now detail.

As visible in Figures 1 to 8, each of the sections 1 comprises a multitude of tubes forming a plurality of crosspieces 4 (denoted 4-x), frames 5 (denoted 5-x) and diagonals 6 (denoted 6-x) .

The crosspieces 4 extend horizontally in the service position, that is to say when the sections 1 surround the pylon 2, as is the case on the .

The frames 5 extend mainly vertically in the service position. In other words, according to one variant, the frames extend parallel to the direction Z, or, according to another variant, the frames form an acute angle with the direction Z. In a particular embodiment, the angle is less than or equal to 30°. In another particular embodiment, the angle is less than or equal to 20°.

The diagonals 6 extend in a direction forming an acute angle, for example of the order of 45°, with a crosspiece.

Each of the sections 1 is shaped to reinforce the pylon 2 by doubling or skirting, a length of a crosspiece 4 being chosen from a set of given values, as will be explained later.

Section 1 includes three faces, for reinforcement of a tripod pylon, or four faces, for reinforcement of a quadripod pylon.

We now describe in detail a section 1 of the .

Section 1 includes three faces.

On the visible face F, section 1 comprises a first crossbar, 4-1, a second crossbar 4-2 and a third crossbar 4-3. The first crosspiece is located in the lower part of the section in the service position. It is called basic crosspiece 4-1 of section 1. The third crosspiece is located in the upper part of the section in the service position. It is called a 4-3 summit traverse. The second crosspiece, called the intermediate crosspiece, is placed between the base crosspieces 4-1 and top crosspieces 4-3, halfway between the crosspieces 4-1, 4-3.

The crosspieces 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 are positioned parallel and facing each other. The base crosspiece 4-1 has a length L4-1 strictly greater than the length L4-2 of the intermediate crosspiece 4-2, itself strictly greater than the length L4-3 of the top crosspiece 4-3.

We reference 7 and 8 the ends of the crosspieces 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3.

Still on the visible side, section 1 comprises two frames 5-1, 5-2 symmetrical to each other in relation to a vertical axis.

Due to the difference in lengths between the crosspieces 4-1 and 4-3 in this embodiment, the frames 5-1 and 5-2 extend at an angle A of the order of 20° with the direction Z .

Frame 5-1 extends between end 7 of crosspiece 4-1 and end 7 of crosspiece 4-3. The frame 5-2 extends between the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-1 and the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-3.

Each of the frames 5-1, 5-2 extends between an end referenced 9 and an end referenced 10.

End 9 of frame 5-1 (respectively 5-2) is provided with a gusset 11 for securing end 7 (respectively 8) of crosspiece 4-1. The end 10 of the frame 5-1 (respectively 5-2) is provided with a gusset 11 for securing the end 7 (respectively 8) of the crosspiece 4-3.

At mid-length, the frames 5-1, 5-2 are provided with a gusset 11 for securing the end respectively 7 and 8 of the intermediate crosspiece 4-2.

On the visible face, one end 12 of a diagonal 6-1 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-1 and to the frame 5-1 by the gusset 11 and one end 13 of the diagonal 6-1 is fixed to the crosspiece 4 -2 and to the frame 5-2 by its gusset 11. One end 12 of a diagonal 6-2 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-2 and to the frame 5-1 by the gusset 11 and one end 13 of the diagonal 6-2 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-1 and to the frame 5-2 by its gusset 11.

Likewise, one end 12 of a diagonal 6-3 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-2 and to the frame 5-1 by the gusset 11 and one end 13 of the diagonal 6-3 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-3 and to the frame 5-2 by the gusset 11. One end 12 of a diagonal 6-4 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-3 and to the frame 5-1 by the gusset 11 and one end 13 of the diagonal 6- 4 is fixed to the crosspiece 4-2 and to the frame 5-2 by its gusset 11.

We denote H as the height of section 1, which corresponds to the distance between sleepers 4-1 and 4-3 in direction Z.

Note that, the length L4-1 being strictly greater than the length L4-3, the face F of the section 1 has a trapezoidal shape, flared towards its base.

If we consider the virtual, empty volume delimited by the members, we see that the section of section 1 increases linearly from the top towards its base, along its height.

Each of the ends 9, 10 of the frames 5-1, 5-2 is provided with a means 14 for joining the sections 1, detailed later.

We now describe the sections illustrated in Figures 2 to 5.

On the , section 1 is denoted T7. We find sleepers 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 similar to the sleepers described in relation to the with the difference that the lengths L4-1, L4-2 and L4-3 are identical here. Likewise, section 1 includes the two frames 5-1 and 5-2 similar to the frames described in relation to the , with the difference that the frames are vertical here. The section 1 comprises two diagonals, the diagonal 6-1 extending between the end 7 of the crosspiece 4-1 and the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-2, and the diagonal 6-2 extending between the end 7 of crosspiece 4-3 and end 8 of crosspiece 4-2.

If we consider the virtual, empty volume delimited by the members, we see that the section of section 1 is constant along its height.

In this figure, the lengths L4-1, L4-2 and L4-3 are equal to 3 m. The height of the section is 5 m or 6 m.

We now describe the section illustrated on the .

On the , the section is noted T5. We find sleepers 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 similar to the sleepers described in relation to the and the two frames 5-1 and 5-2 similar to the frames described in relation to the . The section 1 comprises two diagonals, the diagonal 6-1 extending between the end 7 of the crosspiece 4-1 and the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-3, and the diagonal 6-2 extending between the end 7 of crosspiece 4-3 and end 8 of crosspiece 4-1. The diagonals intersect at the middle of the 4-2 crosspiece.

If we consider the virtual, empty volume delimited by the members, we see that the section of section 1 is constant along its height.

In this figure, the lengths L4-1, L4-2 and L4-3 are equal to 4 m. The height of the section is 5 m or 6 m.

Section 1 (T3) of the is identical to that of the , except that the lengths L4-1, L4-2 and L4-3 are equal to 5 m.

We now describe the section illustrated on the .

On the , the section is referenced T1. We find the sleepers 4-2 and 4-3 similar to the sleepers described in relation to Figures 2 to 4 and the two frames 5-1 and 5-2 similar to the frames described in relation to Figures 2 to 4. Section 1 comprises two diagonals, the diagonal 6-1 extending between the end 7 of the crosspiece 4-1 and the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-3, and the diagonal 6-2 extending between the end 7 of crosspiece 4-3 and end 8 of crosspiece 4-1. The diagonals intersect at the middle of the 4-2 crosspiece. Note that this section 1 does not have a base crosspiece 4-1, the ends 9 of the frames 5-1 and 5-2 forming the feet of the section 1.

If we consider the virtual, empty volume delimited by the members, we see that the section of section 1 is constant along its height.

In this figure, the lengths L4-2 and L4-3 are equal to 5 m. The height of the section is 5 m or 6 m.

We now describe the sections illustrated in Figures 6 (T2), 7 (T4) and 8 (T6).

In these figures, we find the sleepers 4-1 to 4-3 similar to the sleepers described in relation to the and the two frames 5-1 and 5-2 similar to the frames described in relation to the . The section 1 comprises two diagonals, the diagonal 6-1 extending between the end 7 of the crosspiece 4-1 and the end 8 of the crosspiece 4-3, and the diagonal 6-2 extending between the end 7 of crosspiece 4-3 and end 8 of crosspiece 4-1. The diagonals intersect at the middle of the 4-2 crosspiece. As for the , the length L4-1 is strictly greater than the length L4-2, itself strictly greater than the length L4-3, which gives a trapezoidal shape, flared on its base, to the face of section 1.

If we consider the virtual, empty volume delimited by the members, we see that the section of section 1 increases linearly from the top towards its base, along its height.

In Figures 6 to 8, the length L4-3 is 1 m less than the length L4-1. The height of the section is 5 m or 6 m.

On the , the length L4-1 is equal to 6 m and the length L4-3 is equal to 5 m. On the , the length L4-1 is equal to 5 m and the length L4-3 is equal to 4 m. On the , the length L4-1 is equal to 4 m and the length L4-3 is equal to 3 m.

Thus, the invention is illustrated according to two embodiments: sections 1 with constant section (Figures 2 to 5) and sections with variable section ( and Figures 6 to 8), called reduction sections.

The sections 1 preferably have two possible heights, namely 5 m and 6 m, advantageously. These values make it possible to adapt to most existing pylons. It is of course understood that these values may vary depending on the number of pylons to be reinforced.

The selected length values have already been cited. These are the lengths of the crosspiece 4-1 equal to 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m. The length of the associated crosspiece 4-3 is equal to that of the crosspiece 4-1 for each section of constant section. For reduction sections, the length of sleeper 4-3 is 1 m less than that of base sleeper 4-1.

We can also provide two values for the tube thicknesses and/or their diameters.

Thus, the range of standardized sections 1, the combination of which allows reinforcement by doubling the structure or skirting of the telecommunications pylon 2, as will be described later.

Note that advantageously, the present invention also relates to an assembly comprising each of the sections 1 detailed above.

We are now interested in the junction of two successive sections, in relation to the .

As visible in this figure, the means 14 for joining two successive sections 1 comprises a plate or flange 15, for example in the shape of a disc, provided with pre-drilled holes 16. To fix two sections one to the other other (which we call upper section and lower section), we place the plate 15 of the frame 5-1 of the upper section on the plate 15 of the frame 5-1 of the lower section then we bolt it in the holes 16.

The invention also relates to a method of strengthening by doubling the structure or skirting of the telecommunications pylon 2.

This process includes a step of choosing a combination of the standard sections 1 already described.

The standard sections 1 make it possible to double or skirt any pylon 2 having a base section of between 0 m and 5 m.

Note that the choice of dimensions for the constant section sections is determined by the dimensions of the pylon 2 over its height. In a particular embodiment, a dimension is chosen for the constant section sections allowing a distance of 500 mm minimum to be respected at the base of pylon 2, in order to allow the installation of anchors in the existing massif.

The reduction sections make it possible to connect the constant section sections together or to adapt to the existing pylon structure. They are chosen in order to have a section adapted to the sections of the constant section sections selected. Note that only the constant section sections are used as the first skirting section; sections with a reduction section cannot be.

During the choice stage, the height of the sections is selected (preferably between 5 m and 6 m) according to pylon 2, as will be explained below.

During the selection stage, sections 1 are also selected according to the two different dimensions (tube diameters, thicknesses) pre-defined, in order to be able to adapt to the need for reinforcement of the existing pylon.

Once the selection step has been carried out, the reinforcement is carried out by doubling or skirting, by installing and assembling the sections 1 around the pylon 2, and by fixing them to each other via the plates 15. The sections 1 are secured to the pylon 2 via adapter flanges. These adaptation flanges are for example metal angles which are fixed on the last reinforcement section and under the plate of the section closest to the pylon. We choose the arrangement of the sections, in particular their height, in order to reduce the length of these adaptation flanges.

For example, for a tripod pylon, first of all, two faces of the reinforcement structure are assembled on the ground: assembly of frames, crosspieces, diagonals and junctions between several sections by bolting. Then, we place the two assembled faces around the existing pylon using a lifting machine, such as a crane. Once the first two faces are in place, the elements of the last face are assembled around the existing pylon (frames, crosspieces, diagonals) and secured with the assembled faces in order to obtain a complete reinforcement structure. This reinforcing structure, formed of sections 1, is then secured to the pylon 2 by means of adaptation flanges.

The invention also relates to an assembly 100 for doubling a pylon 2, comprising at least one section 1 secured to the pylon 2.

On the , we have illustrated examples of doubling assemblies of a pylon 100 comprising sections 1 made integral with the pylon to reinforce it.

We note that the standardization of the range of sections 1 as proposed ensures that calculation notes for these sections as well as the manufacturing plans are produced only once by the design office at design. This saves the cost and time of a specific study for each reinforcement. The delivery time for this reinforcement is also reduced. During the skirting process, all that remains, upstream of the reinforcement, is to calculate adaptation flanges to secure the skirting to pylon 2 as well as flanges to attach to the solid mass (as visible at the foot of the section 1 of the ). These flanges are for example made up of two plates connected together by a steel tube. One of the plates is fixed to the lower section. The other plate is fixed to the massif.

The manufacture and stocking of standard sections 1 makes it possible to accelerate delivery times, estimated between 3 and 4 weeks, instead of the 8 to 12 weeks of the state of the art.

Finally, the installation of sections 1 also becomes a standard activity that can be carried out by all service providers (suppliers, project managers).

Note that the present invention can be used for any reinforcement of pylons, whatever the field (telecommunications, TNT, police, local networks, electricity pylon). The present invention can be applied to lattice type pylons and can be adapted depending on the number of faces present on the pylon (tripod pylons in France, quadripods in Spain).

Claims (11)

Section for a pylon, comprising a plurality of crosspieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3), intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality of frames (5-1, 5-2) intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, each frame being equipped with a securing means (14) for fixing said section (1) to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen from a set of given values so that the section is adapted to reinforce said pylon by doubling. Section according to claim 1, in which the securing means (14) comprises a pre-drilled plate (15). Section according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which the sleepers are shaped so that a cross section of the section is constant over the height of the section. Section according to one of the preceding claims, in which the sleepers have the same length. Section according to claim 1, in which the length values of said set of given values are spaced at most one meter apart. Section according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which the sleepers are shaped so that a cross section of the section varies linearly over the height of the section. Section according to the preceding claim, in which a lower crosspiece forms a base of the section and an upper crosspiece forms a top of the section, a length of the associated top being of a length equal to one meter less than the associated length. Section according to one of the preceding claims, in which the section is shaped to have at least two heights. Method of reinforcing by doubling a pylon, comprising a step of choosing a section comprising a plurality of crosspieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3), intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality frames (5-1, 5-2) intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, each frame being equipped with a securing means (14) for fixing said section (1) to another section, the length d a crosspiece being chosen from a set of given values so that the section is adapted to reinforce said pylon by doubling. Method of installing and assembling at least one section comprising a plurality of crosspieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3), intended to be arranged horizontally in the service position, a plurality of frames (5- 1, 5-2) intended to be arranged mainly vertically in the service position, each frame being equipped with a securing means (14) for fixing said section (1) to another section, the length of a crosspiece being chosen in a set of given values so that the section is adapted to reinforce a pylon by doubling, said method comprising a step of reinforcing the pylon by doubling comprising joining said section to said pylon. Doubling assembly for a pylon, comprising at least one section (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 secured to the pylon.