FR3131773A1 - Monobody heat exchanger - Google Patents
Monobody heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- FR3131773A1 FR3131773A1 FR2200191A FR2200191A FR3131773A1 FR 3131773 A1 FR3131773 A1 FR 3131773A1 FR 2200191 A FR2200191 A FR 2200191A FR 2200191 A FR2200191 A FR 2200191A FR 3131773 A1 FR3131773 A1 FR 3131773A1
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- passages
- heat exchanger
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- winding
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Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
- F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/057—Regenerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
- F28D7/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
- F28D7/0033—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
- F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0026—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion engines, e.g. for gas turbines or for Stirling engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0091—Radiators
- F28D2021/0094—Radiators for recooling the engine coolant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Echangeur (1) de chaleur comprenant au moins deux passages (2) de fluides en forme d’hélicoïde, dont au moins une portion (3) des passages sont agencés à proximité immédiate les uns des autres, les passages (2) étant aménagés dans un corps (4) unique. FIGURE 5Heat exchanger (1) comprising at least two helicoid-shaped fluid passages (2), of which at least a portion (3) of the passages are arranged in close proximity to each other, the passages (2) being arranged in a single body (4). FIGURE 5
Description
La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins deux passages de fluides dont au moins une portion des passages sont agencés à proximité immédiate les uns des autres afin de permettre les échanges thermiques entre les deux fluides.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least two fluid passages of which at least a portion of the passages are arranged in close proximity to each other in order to allow thermal exchanges between the two fluids.
Les échangeurs de chaleur sont des dispositifs particulièrement courants utilisés dans d’innombrables applications et dispositifs, en particulier les dispositifs impliquant des moteurs thermiques et des éléments de réfrigération. Classiquement, les échangeurs de chaleur comportent une longue tubulure dans laquelle un fluide circule. La tubulure forme souvent un circuit dans lequel la tubulure inscrit des allers-retours en alternance, agencés côte à côte. Lorsque deux ou plusieurs fluides sont utilisés, les échangeurs sont classiquement en forme de serpentin, avec un double enroulement permettant aux tubulures voisines d’être en contact thermique pouvant favoriser les échanges de calories. Ces agencements sont en général assez volumineux, avec des architectures complexes, et des rendements perfectibles. Pour améliorer ces dispositifs, plusieurs tentatives ont été réalisées avec des agencements visant à délaisser l’utilisation des longs tubes en forme de serpentins.Heat exchangers are particularly common devices used in countless applications and devices, especially devices involving heat engines and refrigeration elements. Conventionally, heat exchangers include a long tube in which a fluid circulates. The tubing often forms a circuit in which the tubing alternates back and forth, arranged side by side. When two or more fluids are used, the exchangers are classically serpentine-shaped, with a double winding allowing neighboring tubing to be in thermal contact which can promote heat exchange. These arrangements are generally quite large, with complex architectures and yields that can be improved. To improve these devices, several attempts have been made with arrangements aimed at abandoning the use of long serpentine-shaped tubes.
Par exemple, le document US20090101321 décrit un échangeur de chaleur comprenant un corps principal dans lequel sont insérées une pluralité de cellules alignées les unes à côté des autres. Ce type de dispositif est avantageusement compact et efficace, mais complexe à réaliser. Les parcours rectilignes des cellules limitent toutefois les longueurs d’échange thermique.For example, document US20090101321 describes a heat exchanger comprising a main body into which a plurality of cells aligned next to each other are inserted. This type of device is advantageously compact and efficient, but complex to produce. The rectilinear paths of the cells, however, limit the heat exchange lengths.
Le document WO2016074048 décrit un échangeur thermique constitué d’une pluralité de plaques superposées dans lesquelles des canaux de circulation fluidique sont agencés. Cette architecture permet de bien adapter l’échangeur en fonction des besoins. Toutefois, ce type de construction avec de multiples éléments constituants est relativement complexe et coûteuse.Document WO2016074048 describes a heat exchanger consisting of a plurality of superimposed plates in which fluid circulation channels are arranged. This architecture makes it possible to adapt the exchanger according to needs. However, this type of construction with multiple constituent elements is relatively complex and expensive.
Ces deux types d’architectures sont complexes à mettre en œuvre, coûteuses, avec des niveaux de performances perfectibles.These two types of architectures are complex to implement, expensive, with performance levels that can be improved.
Pour pallier les différents inconvénients préalablement évoqués, l’invention prévoit différents moyens techniques.To overcome the various drawbacks previously mentioned, the invention provides different technical means.
Tout d’abord, un premier objectif de l’invention consiste à prévoir un échangeur de chaleur à rendement améliorée.First of all, a first objective of the invention consists of providing a heat exchanger with improved efficiency.
Un autre objectif de l’invention consiste à prévoir un échangeur de chaleur avec surface d’échange optimale.Another objective of the invention consists of providing a heat exchanger with optimal exchange surface.
Un autre objectif de l’invention consiste à prévoir un échangeur de chaleur compact, résistant et durable.Another objective of the invention consists of providing a compact, resistant and durable heat exchanger.
Encore un autre objectif de l’invention consiste à réaliser une connexion simple entre l’échangeur et le réseau fluidique du système utilisant cet échangeur.Yet another objective of the invention consists of making a simple connection between the exchanger and the fluid network of the system using this exchanger.
Pour ce faire, l’invention prévoit un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins deux passages de fluides formant un enroulement en forme d’hélicoïde, dont au moins une portion des passages sont agencés à proximité immédiate les uns des autres, les passages étant aménagés dans un corps unique et le ou les enroulements associés aux différents fluides présentant un décalage angulaire dans le sens de l’enroulement d’au moins un degré.To do this, the invention provides a heat exchanger comprising at least two fluid passages forming a helical-shaped winding, at least a portion of the passages of which are arranged in close proximity to each other, the passages being arranged in a single body and the winding(s) associated with the different fluids having an angular offset in the direction of the winding of at least one degree.
Cette architecture permet de réaliser un échangeur simple, compact, particulièrement efficace. L’agencement monobloc des multiples canaux évite de devoir utiliser les classiques enroulement en forme de serpentins, complexes à réaliser et fragiles à utiliser. Les échangeurs sont avantageusement réalisés à l’aide de fabrication additive, comme par exemple avec une imprimante 3D. Ce mode de réalisation permet de mettre en œuvre une infinité d’agencements monoblocs, pour deux, trois, quatre fluides ou même plus. Les taux d’échanges thermiques entre les différents fluides sont facilement adaptables en modulant les paramètres tels que les longueurs des parcours avec échanges thermiques, les surfaces des passages, le pas des spirales hélicoïdales, les dimensions du corps monobloc, en particulier la longueur du corps monobloc (dans le sens de l’axe longitudinal AL décrit plus loin), les matériaux du corps monobloc, etc.This architecture makes it possible to create a simple, compact, particularly efficient exchanger. The one-piece arrangement of the multiple channels avoids having to use the classic serpentine-shaped windings, which are complex to produce and fragile to use. The exchangers are advantageously produced using additive manufacturing, for example with a 3D printer. This embodiment makes it possible to implement an infinite number of monobloc arrangements, for two, three, four fluids or even more. The heat exchange rates between the different fluids are easily adaptable by modulating parameters such as the lengths of the paths with heat exchanges, the surfaces of the passages, the pitch of the helical spirals, the dimensions of the one-piece body, in particular the length of the body monobloc (in the direction of the longitudinal axis AL described below), the materials of the monobloc body, etc.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le décalage angulaire entre les enroulements est égal à 360 degrés divisé par le nombre de fluide circulant dans l’échangeur.According to an advantageous embodiment, the angular offset between the windings is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of fluid circulating in the exchanger.
Le décalage angulaire entre les passages des différents fluides permet de prévoir des points d’entrée et/ou sortie distincts pour chacun des fluides.The angular offset between the passages of the different fluids makes it possible to provide separate entry and/or exit points for each of the fluids.
Pour un même fluide, plusieurs passages parallèles, alignés angulairement sont avantageusement prévus. Ceci permet d’augmenter les surfaces d’échanges entre les fluides.For the same fluid, several parallel passages, aligned angularly, are advantageously provided. This makes it possible to increase the exchange surfaces between the fluids.
De manière avantageuse, les passages pour chacun des fluides sont de pas identique.Advantageously, the passages for each of the fluids are of identical pitch.
Le pas identique des différents passages permet de conserver un espacement identique sur toute la longueur du corps, avec des échanges thermiques uniformes. Cette disposition permet également d’éviter tout croisement ou intersection entre des passages différents.The identical pitch of the different passages makes it possible to maintain identical spacing over the entire length of the body, with uniform thermal exchanges. This arrangement also makes it possible to avoid any crossing or intersection between different passages.
De manière avantageuse, les passages permettent des échanges de chaleur entre au moins deux fluides séparés.Advantageously, the passages allow heat exchanges between at least two separate fluids.
En variante, les passages permettent des échanges de chaleur entre au moins trois fluides séparés.Alternatively, the passages allow heat exchanges between at least three separate fluids.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le corps unique est allongé le long d’un axe longitudinal AL, l’enroulement étant agencé autour de cet axeAccording to an advantageous embodiment, the single body is elongated along a longitudinal axis AL, the winding being arranged around this axis
Selon encore un mode de réalisation avantageux, l’échangeur comprend au moins une chambre de connexion, servant de point d’entrée ou sortie unique pour l’ensemble des passages d’un même fluide.According to yet another advantageous embodiment, the exchanger comprises at least one connection chamber, serving as a single entry or exit point for all of the passages of the same fluid.
Un tel agencement facilite les connexions entre l’échangeur et le reste du circuit fluidique.Such an arrangement facilitates connections between the exchanger and the rest of the fluid circuit.
Les chambres de connexion sont avantageusement agencées en extrémité du corps unique.The connection chambers are advantageously arranged at the end of the single body.
Egalement de manière avantageuse, le corps unique est métallique, comme par exemple en cuivre, acier, ou aluminium.Also advantageously, the single body is metallic, such as copper, steel, or aluminum.
Ces métaux et alliages permettent de réaliser des échangeurs hautement efficaces.These metals and alloys make it possible to produce highly efficient exchangers.
De manière avantageuse, l’échangeur de chaleur comprend une pluralité de passages assurant le cheminement à travers l’échangeur d’un premier fluide, intercalés entre une pluralité de passages assurant le cheminement à travers l’échangeur d’un second fluide.Advantageously, the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of passages ensuring the path through the exchanger of a first fluid, interposed between a plurality of passages ensuring the path through the exchanger of a second fluid.
Ce mode de réalisation permet de multiplier les circuits d’échanges thermiques sans pour autant nécessiter une augmentation du volume de l’échangeur. L’échangeur monobloc permet de prévoir un grand nombre de circuits d’échange, difficilement réalisables à l’aide de serpentins classiques.This embodiment makes it possible to multiply the heat exchange circuits without requiring an increase in the volume of the exchanger. The monobloc exchanger makes it possible to provide a large number of exchange circuits, which are difficult to achieve using conventional coils.
Tous les détails de réalisation sont donnés dans la description qui suit, complétée par les figures 1 à 10, présentées uniquement à des fins d’exemples non limitatifs, et dans lesquelles:All the details of production are given in the description which follows, supplemented by Figures 1 to 10, presented solely for the purposes of non-limiting examples, and in which:
DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS
Par « fluide » on entend une substance (pure ou mélange) permettant de transporter de l’énergie thermique dans une canalisation prévue à cet effet. Un fluide peut être à l’état liquide, ou gazeux. On utilise classiquement des fluides tels que l’eau, l’air, l’hélium, l’azote, l’hydrogène, etc.By “fluid” we mean a substance (pure or mixture) enabling thermal energy to be transported in a pipe intended for this purpose. A fluid can be in a liquid or gaseous state. Typically, fluids such as water, air, helium, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. are used.
Par « fluides séparés », on entend des fluides circulant dans des circuits fluidiques distants, sans communication fluidique entre eux. Les fluides peuvent être différents ou identiques.By “separated fluids” we mean fluids circulating in distant fluidic circuits, without fluidic communication between them. The fluids may be different or the same.
La
Le corps 4 unitaire ou monobloc dans lequel les passages sont agencés permet les échanges de chaleur. On prévoit à cet effet un matériau à forte conductivité thermique, de préférence métallique, comme par exemple en aluminium, en cuivre, en acier, ou autre matériau de ce type. Dans cet exemple, les deux enroulements sont décalés angulairement en haut (entrée) de 120° et en bas (sortie) de 90°. Ce décalage est évalué dans le sens de l’enroulement à partir du départ du premier enroulement.The unitary or one-piece body 4 in which the passages are arranged allows heat exchanges. For this purpose, a material with high thermal conductivity is provided, preferably metallic, such as aluminum, copper, steel, or other material of this type. In this example, the two windings are angularly offset at the top (input) by 120° and at the bottom (output) by 90°. This offset is evaluated in the direction of the winding from the start of the first winding.
La
La
La
Les figures 5, 6 et 7 montrent des exemples de mise en œuvre de chambres de connexion 5 pour des exemples d’échangeurs de chaleur 1. La
La
Les figures 6 et 8 illustrent ensemble une variante de réalisation avec plusieurs étages d’enroulement d’un même fluide, soit deux étages dans cet exemple. La
Tel que mentionné précédemment, ce type d’échangeur est avantageusement fabriqué par fabrication additive, en particulier par impression 3D.As mentioned previously, this type of exchanger is advantageously manufactured by additive manufacturing, in particular by 3D printing.
La
L’air est utilisé en circuit ouvert forcé ou non et permet de récupérer la chaleur apportée à l’échangeur par le fluide de refroidissement chaud.The air is used in a forced or non-forced open circuit and makes it possible to recover the heat supplied to the exchanger by the hot cooling fluid.
L’entrée d’air frais 10 est en liaison avec une chambre de connexion de l’échangeur. Après échange thermique, l’air réchauffé quitte l’échangeur par la sortie d’air chaud 11. Cet air chaud est rejeté dans le milieu ambiant.The fresh air inlet 10 is connected to a connection chamber of the exchanger. After heat exchange, the heated air leaves the exchanger via hot air outlet 11. This hot air is released into the ambient environment.
Cette architecture présente un avantage de compacité et de gain de poids en regard des radiateurs classiques, pour une efficacité comparable, voire supérieure.This architecture has the advantage of compactness and weight savings compared to conventional radiators, for comparable or even greater efficiency.
La
Cette architecture présente plusieurs avantages avec en outre, une amélioration du rendement. L’architecture hélicoïdale permet un échange entre les fluides opposés sans croisement avec les autres volumes et avec une symétrie parfaite pour tous les parcours fluidiques des gaz de travail du moteur Stirling par rapport à l’axe d’enroulement. Ceci permet l’obtention d’un parfait équilibre de fonctionnement du fait de l’équivalence de volume entre chacun des gaz de travail.This architecture has several advantages including an improvement in performance. The helical architecture allows an exchange between opposing fluids without crossing with other volumes and with perfect symmetry for all the fluidic paths of the working gases of the Stirling engine in relation to the winding axis. This makes it possible to obtain a perfect operating balance due to the volume equivalence between each of the working gases.
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FR2200191A FR3131773A1 (en) | 2022-01-11 | 2022-01-11 | Monobody heat exchanger |
PCT/IB2022/060984 WO2023135461A1 (en) | 2022-01-11 | 2022-11-15 | One-piece heat exchanger |
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FR2009877A1 (en) | 1968-05-13 | 1970-02-13 | Nichibo Co Ltd | REGENERATED LEATHER, AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD |
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CN111765780A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-13 | 浙江石油化工有限公司 | Winding pipe heat exchanger with shell pass capable of being cleaned on line |
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