FR3126199A1 - REFRIGERANT FLUID CIRCUIT CONSTITUTING A HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit (2) through which a refrigerant fluid (FR) passes and comprising a main branch (10) which comprises a compression device (4) and a first heat exchanger (31). The refrigerant circuit (2) comprises a first branch (11) which comprises a first valve (15), an expansion device (7) and a second heat exchanger (32), as well as a second branch (12) which comprises a first expansion member (41), a third heat exchanger (33) and a fourth heat exchanger (34) configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and the external air flow ( 16). The main branch (10) comprises a first accumulation device (6) interposed between a convergence point (20) and the compression device (4). The second branch (12) comprises a second storage device (17) interposed between a bypass point (23) and the fourth heat exchanger (34). Figure 1.

Description

REFRIGERANT FLUID CIRCUIT CONSTITUTING A HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEM

The field of the present invention is that of heat treatment systems used to heat or cool an enclosure or a component of a vehicle, in particular a component of a traction chain of this vehicle.

Motor vehicles are commonly equipped with a heat treatment system comprising a coolant circuit and a heat transfer fluid circuit, both used to participate in a thermal modification of different areas or different components of the vehicle. It is in particular known to use the refrigerant circuit and/or the heat transfer fluid circuit to thermally treat an internal air flow sent into a passenger compartment of the vehicle equipped with such a circuit.

In another application of this circuit, it is known to use the heat transfer fluid circuit to modify a temperature of the components of the traction chain of the vehicle, such as for example an electrical storage device, the latter being used to provide a energy to an electric motor capable of setting the vehicle in motion. The heat treatment system thus provides the energy capable of cooling the electrical storage device during its use in the driving phase.

Car manufacturers are constantly improving their vehicles. These improvements notably involve the design of fluid circuits making it possible to operate heat exchanges that can meet a plurality of objectives. Thus, it is desirable to have a heat treatment system capable of operating according to various modes, to alternately heat or cool the passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or the components of the traction chain.

It is thus sought to optimize a distribution of a circulating mass of coolant inside the coolant circuit, whatever the operating mode of the heat treatment system, and more particularly an operating mode of the cooling circuit. refrigerant fluid.

It is more particularly desired to control a location of at least a fraction of refrigerant fluid in the liquid state inside the refrigerant circuit, so that the location of this fraction of refrigerant fluid in the state liquid participates in optimizing the heat treatment of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or of the components of the traction chain, whatever the mode of operation of the refrigerant circuit.

The present invention falls within this context and aims to provide a refrigerant circuit constituting a heat treatment system of a vehicle, in particular an automobile. The refrigerant fluid circuit is traversed by a refrigerant fluid. The refrigerant circuit includes a main branch which extends between a point of convergence and a point of divergence. The main branch comprises a compression device and a first heat exchanger configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and an internal air flow or a first heat transfer liquid. The refrigerant circuit comprises a first branch which extends between the point of divergence and the point of convergence. The first branch comprises a first valve, an expansion device and a second heat exchanger configured to perform a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the internal air flow. The refrigerant circuit comprises a second branch which extends between the point of divergence and a junction point interposed between the first valve and the expansion device. The second branch comprises a first expansion member, a third heat exchanger configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and a flow of air outside a passenger compartment of the vehicle or between the refrigerant fluid and a second heat transfer liquid, the second branch also comprising a fourth heat exchanger configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the outside air flow. The refrigerant circuit comprises a third branch which extends between a bypass point, interposed between the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, and the convergence point. The third branch includes a second valve. The main branch comprises a first accumulation device interposed between the convergence point and the compression device. The second branch comprises a second storage device interposed between the bypass point and the fourth heat exchanger.

According to such an architecture, it is possible to distribute a circulating mass of coolant inside the coolant circuit, regardless of an operating mode of the heat treatment system. More particularly, a fraction of refrigerant fluid in the liquid state is either contained inside the first accumulation device arranged upstream of the compression device on the main branch, or contained inside the second accumulation device arranged upstream of the fourth heat exchanger, the third branch provided with the second valve allowing the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the third heat exchanger to bypass the fourth heat exchanger when the second valve is open.

The refrigerant circuit advantageously comprises any one at least of the following technical characteristics, taken alone or in combination:

- the first heat exchanger is either configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the internal air flow, or configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the first heat transfer liquid. For example, the first heat exchanger is an air condenser which is able to heat the internal air flow intended to be sent to a passenger compartment of the vehicle. Alternatively, the first heat exchanger is a water condenser which is capable of heating the first heat transfer liquid circulating inside a first heat transfer liquid circuit. The first heat transfer liquid is, for example, glycol water;

- the second heat exchanger is for example an evaporator which is capable of cooling the internal air flow intended to be sent to the passenger compartment of the vehicle;

- the third heat exchanger is either configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the outside air flow, or configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the second heat transfer liquid. For example, the third heat exchanger is an evapo-condenser on the air which is able to exchange calories with the outside air flow. Alternatively, the third heat exchanger is an evapo-condenser which is capable of exchanging calories with the second heat transfer liquid circulating inside a second heat transfer liquid circuit. The second heat transfer liquid is for example glycol water;

- the fourth heat exchanger is for example a sub-cooler capable of cooling the refrigerant fluid to a temperature lower than that of the refrigerant fluid inside the third heat exchanger, in particular by transferring calories to the outside air flow;

- the refrigerant fluid is circulated within the main branch by the compression device. The latter compresses the high-pressure refrigerant and circulates it through the main branch to the first heat exchanger. Since the refrigerant fluid is at high pressure, it is also at high temperature and therefore makes it possible to heat the internal air flow passing through the first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger behaves like a radiator. The internal air flow is then sent within the passenger compartment of the vehicle in order to heat it. The first heat exchanger therefore contributes to the comfort of the vehicle's passenger compartment by heating the internal air flow. As such, the first heat exchanger can be arranged within a ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning installation, configured to circulate the internal air flow in order to manage the comfort of the passenger compartment of the vehicle . Said ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning installation may comprise means for guiding the internal air flow so that the latter can bypass the first heat exchanger if the heating of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is not requested;

- the first branch comprises the first valve to authorize or prohibit circulation of the refrigerant fluid inside the first branch, the expansion device to allow expansion of the refrigerant fluid and the second heat exchanger configured to operate a heat exchange between the expanded refrigerant and the internal air flow. The second heat exchanger arranged downstream of the expansion device behaves like an evaporator. The second heat exchanger is preferably arranged inside the ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning installation upstream of the first heat exchanger according to a flow direction of the internal air flow inside the said facility. The latter may include organs for guiding the internal air flow so that the latter can bypass the second heat exchanger if the cooling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is not required;

- the second branch comprises the first expansion member to perform or not an expansion of the refrigerant fluid, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger which are configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the air flow outside. The third heat exchanger behaves either as a condenser or as an evaporator with respect to the external air flow. The fourth heat exchanger is designed to transfer calories to the outside air flow;

- The third branch is provided to bypass the refrigerant bypasses the fourth heat exchanger at the outlet of the third heat exchanger;

- the refrigerant circuit includes a fourth branch which extends between the junction point and the convergence point. The fourth branch comprises a second expansion member and a fifth heat exchanger. The fifth heat exchanger is configured to perform a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and a heat transfer fluid circulating within a heat transfer fluid circuit of the vehicle;

- the expansion device comprises a thermostatic expansion device;

- the thermostatic expansion device is associated with an on/off valve;

- the first branch comprises an internal heat exchanger comprising a first section arranged between the junction point and the expansion device, and a second section arranged between the second heat exchanger and the point of convergence, the first section and the second section being arranged to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid circulating inside the first section and the refrigerant fluid circulating inside the second section;

- the second branch comprises a non-return valve capable of allowing circulation of the refrigerant fluid inside the second branch from the point of divergence to the point of junction. The non-return valve is also capable of prohibiting the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the opposite direction, that is to say from the point of junction towards the point of divergence;

- the second storage device is arranged between the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger;

- the second accumulation device adjoins the fourth heat exchanger;

- the second accumulation device and the fourth heat exchanger form a one-piece assembly.

The present invention also relates to a heat treatment system comprising such a refrigerant circuit and the heat transfer fluid circuit. The heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a first heat transfer fluid loop comprising a first pump, a first heat exchanger associated with an electrical storage device of the vehicle and the fifth heat exchanger.

The heat treatment system advantageously comprises any one at least of the following technical characteristics, taken alone or in combination:

- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a second heat transfer fluid loop comprising a second pump, a second heat exchanger associated with components of a traction chain of the vehicle and a radiator disposed downstream of the third heat exchanger in a direction of flow of outside air flow;

- a first path extends between a first branch point of the first heat transfer fluid loop and a first connection point of the second heat transfer fluid loop. The first branch point is located between the fifth heat exchanger and the first pump. The first connection point is located between the radiator and the second pump;

- a second path extends between a second branch point of the first heat transfer fluid loop and a second connection point of the second heat transfer fluid loop. The second branch point is located between the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger. The second connection point is located between the second heat exchanger and the radiator;

- a third path extends between a third branch point of the first heat transfer fluid loop and a third connection point of the first heat transfer fluid loop. The third branch point is located between the first heat exchanger and the second branch point. The third connection point is located between the first branch point and the first pump;

- the third channel comprises a high-voltage electrical heating device;

- the second connection point is equipped with a first distribution device capable of directing the heat transfer fluid coming from the second heat exchanger towards the second path or towards the radiator;

- the third branch point is equipped with a second distribution device capable of directing the heat transfer fluid coming from the first heat exchanger towards the second branch point or towards the third channel;

- the heat treatment system comprises an assembly formed of the third heat exchanger interposed between the fourth heat exchanger and the radiator;

- the assembly is equipped with at least one flap capable of authorizing or prohibiting circulation of the flow of outside air through the assembly.

The present invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such a heat treatment system, in which the vehicle comprises a front face equipped with said assembly.

The present invention also relates to a method for controlling such a refrigerant circuit, in which:
- During a cooling mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the second heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to cool the internal air flow and the third heat exchanger is used as a condenser to transfer calories to the flow of outside air or to the second heat transfer liquid, the second valve prohibiting circulation of the refrigerant fluid inside the third branch, the second accumulation device being used to store a liquid fraction of the refrigerant fluid;
- during a heating mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the first heat exchanger is used as a condenser to heat the internal air flow or the first heat transfer liquid and the third heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to cool the flow of outside air or the second heat transfer liquid, the second valve being open to allow circulation of the refrigerant fluid inside the third branch, the first accumulation device being used to store the liquid fraction of the refrigerant fluid;

• during the vehicle cabin cooling mode, the refrigerant advantageously cools the heat transfer fluid via the fifth heat exchanger to cool the electrical storage device of the vehicle associated with the first heat exchanger.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent through the description which follows on the one hand, and several embodiments given by way of indication and not limiting with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings on the other hand, on which :

is a diagram of a heat treatment system according to the invention, comprising a refrigerant fluid circuit and a heat transfer fluid circuit,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating a circulation of a cooling fluid within the cooling fluid circuit and of a heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a first mode of operation of the treatment system thermal,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the refrigerant fluid within the refrigerant fluid circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a second mode of operation of the heat treatment system,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the refrigerant fluid within the refrigerant fluid circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a third mode of operation of the heat treatment system,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the refrigerant fluid within the refrigerant fluid circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a fourth mode of operation of the heat treatment system,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the refrigerant fluid within the refrigerant fluid circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a fifth mode of operation of the heat treatment system,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the refrigerant fluid within the refrigerant fluid circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a sixth mode of operation of the heat treatment system,

is a diagram of the heat treatment system according to the invention illustrating the circulation of the coolant within the coolant circuit and of the heat transfer fluid within the heat transfer fluid circuit according to a seventh mode of operation of the heat treatment system.

The terms upstream and downstream used in the following description refer to the direction of circulation of the fluid considered, that is to say the refrigerant fluid, the heat transfer fluid, a flow of air outside a passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or an internal air flow sent to the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

On the , a refrigerant circuit is shown in solid lines and a heat transfer fluid circuit is shown in phantom. In FIGS. 2 to 8, for each of the circuits, the portions traversed by their respective fluid are in solid lines and the portions without circulation of fluid are in dotted lines. Furthermore, the circulation of each of the fluids is illustrated by indicating its direction of circulation by arrows. The solid lines indicating the circulation of fluid are also of different thickness concerning the refrigerant circuit. More specifically, the thickest solid lines correspond to portions where the refrigerant fluid circulates at high pressure, the solid lines of intermediate thickness correspond to portions where the refrigerant fluid circulates at intermediate pressure and the thinnest solid lines correspond to portions where the refrigerant circulates at low pressure.

The terms "first", "first", "second", etc. used in the description are not intended to indicate a level of hierarchy or order the elements they accompany. These terms make it possible to distinguish the elements that they accompany and can be interchanged without reducing the scope of the invention.

There illustrates a heat treatment system 1 according to the invention and configured to be arranged in particular within a vehicle. The heat treatment system 1 is for example intended to modify the aerothermal parameters of an air contained inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle and/or to modify a temperature of an electrical storage device and/or of components of a vehicle traction chain. The electrical storage device comprises in particular at least one battery capable of supplying electrical energy to an electric motor of the vehicle. The components of the traction chain include in particular the electric motor which is capable of setting the vehicle in motion, as well as control modules for the electric motor.

The heat treatment system 1 comprises a coolant circuit 2 shown in solid lines and a heat transfer fluid circuit 3 shown in phantom. The refrigerant circuit 2 is traversed by a refrigerant FR and the heat transfer fluid circuit 3 is traversed by a heat transfer fluid FC. By way of example, the refrigerant fluid can be a fluid of the R134a or R1234yf type, while the heat transfer fluid can for example be glycol water.

The refrigerant circuit 2 comprises a plurality of branches forming a closed circuit. The refrigerant circuit 2 comprises in particular a main branch 10 which begins at a point of convergence 20 and which ends at a point of divergence 21. According to a direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR, the latter circulates within the main branch 10 from point of convergence 20 to point of divergence 21.

The main branch 10 comprises in particular a compression device 4 ensuring the circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR within the refrigerant fluid circuit 2 and the setting at high pressure and at high temperature of the refrigerant fluid FR.

The main branch 10 comprises a first heat exchanger 31, arranged downstream of the compression device 4 with respect to a direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR within the main branch 10. The first heat exchanger 31 ensures an operation of heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid FR at high pressure and at high temperature and an internal air flow 5. More particularly, the first heat exchanger 31 is provided to transfer calories at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5.

Depending on the variant illustrated in the , the first heat exchanger 31 is an air condenser capable of heating the internal air flow 5 which is intended to be sent into a vehicle passenger compartment. During the heat exchange occurring within the first heat exchanger 31, the refrigerant FR heats the internal air flow 5 and the latter is subsequently sent to the passenger compartment of the vehicle in order to heat it. this. As such, the first heat exchanger 31 can be installed within a ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning installation. Since the refrigerant fluid FR necessarily passes through the first heat exchanger 31, the ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning installation can for example include means for guiding the internal air flow 5 so that the latter bypasses the first heat exchanger. heat 31 when the heating of the vehicle interior is not required.

According to another variant, the first heat exchanger is a water condenser which is capable of heating a first heat transfer liquid, such as glycol water or the like, which circulates inside a first liquid circuit coolant.

In the rest of the description, reference is made to a first heat exchanger 31 shaped as an air condenser capable of exchanging calories with the internal air flow 5, the rest of the description being however transposable for a first heat exchanger 31 shaped as a water condenser.

The main branch 10 also comprises a first accumulation device 6 interposed between the point of convergence 20 and the compression device 4. The first accumulation device 6 is thus arranged upstream of the first accumulation device 6 in a direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the main branch 10. Since the compression device 4 can only compress the refrigerant fluid FR in the gaseous state, the first accumulation device 6 is arranged upstream of the compression device 4 in order to retain a potential fraction of refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state. The first accumulation device 6 therefore guarantees that the refrigerant fluid FR passing through the compression device 4 is entirely in the gaseous state, a passage of refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state inside the compression device 4 risking damage it.

The refrigerant circuit 2 also includes a first branch 11 which begins at the point of divergence 21 and which ends at the point of convergence 20.

The first branch 11 comprises a second heat exchanger 32 providing heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid FR and the internal air flow 5. The second heat exchanger 32 can be arranged within the ventilation, heating and/or air conditioning mentioned above. More particularly, the second heat exchanger 32 is placed upstream of the first heat exchanger 31 according to a direction of flow of the internal air flow 5 inside said installation, the direction of flow being symbolized by an arrow illustrating internal airflow 5.

The first branch 11 also comprises an expansion device 7 ensuring the expansion of the refrigerant fluid FR. The expansion device 7 is interposed on the first branch 11 between the point of divergence 21 and the second heat exchanger 32. Once the coolant has been expanded, it circulates inside the second heat exchanger 32 at low temperature. and therefore makes it possible to cool the internal air flow 5 before it is sent to the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The second heat exchanger 32 thus participates in the air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

The expansion device 7 advantageously comprises a thermostatic expansion device 8 associated with an all-or-nothing valve 9. The thermostatic expansion device 8 is capable of effecting an expansion of the refrigerant fluid FR automatically, without external control. The all-or-nothing valve 9 is able to authorize or prohibit circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the first branch 11.

The first branch 11 also comprises an internal heat exchanger 30 comprising a first section 30a arranged between the point of divergence 21 and the expansion device 7, and a second section 30b arranged between the second heat exchanger 32 and the point of convergence 20 The first section 30a and the second section 30b are arranged to allow heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid FR circulating inside the first section 30a and the refrigerant fluid FR circulating inside the second section 30b.

The first branch 11 also comprises a first valve 15 which is placed between the point of divergence 21 and the first section 30a of the internal heat exchanger 30. The first valve 15 is capable of authorizing or prohibiting a circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR at inside the first branch 11.

These arrangements are such that inside the first branch 11, the refrigerant FR is able to flow successively from the point of divergence 21 to the first valve 15, then inside the first section 30a of the internal heat exchanger 30, then inside the thermostatic expansion device 8, then towards the on/off valve 9, then inside the second heat exchanger 32, then towards the second section 30b of the internal heat exchanger 30, then to the convergence point 20.

The refrigerant circuit 2 also includes a second branch 12 which begins at the point of divergence 21 and which ends at a junction point 22. The junction point 22 is interposed on the first branch 11 between the first valve 15 and the first section 30a of the internal heat exchanger 30.

The second branch 12 comprises a third heat exchanger 33 configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid FR and a flow of air 16 outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Depending on an operating mode of the refrigerant circuit 2, the refrigerant FR is condensed therein or is evaporated therein by heat exchange with the outside air flow 16. The third heat exchanger 33 therefore performs the functions of an evapo-condenser on the air. In order for this heat exchange to be able to take place, the third heat exchanger 33 must be arranged across a path of the exterior air flow 16, for example by being installed on a front face 50 of the vehicle.

According to another variant, the third heat exchanger is a water evapo-condenser which is able to heat or cool a second heat transfer liquid, such as glycol water or the like, which circulates inside a second heat transfer liquid circuit. The refrigerant fluid FR is condensed therein or is evaporated therein by heat exchange with this heat transfer liquid.

In the rest of the description, reference is made to a third heat exchanger 33 shaped as an air condenser capable of exchanging calories with the outside air flow 16, the rest of the description being however transposable for a third heat exchanger 33 shaped as an evapo-condenser on the water.

The second branch 12 also comprises a first expansion member 41 which is interposed between the point of divergence 21 and the third heat exchanger 33. The first expansion member 41 is able to expand the refrigerant fluid FR at different pressures. In addition, the first expansion member 41 can also cause the refrigerant fluid FR to circulate without expanding the latter. The first expansion member 41 being arranged upstream of the third heat exchanger 33, the first expansion member 41 expands the refrigerant fluid FR if the third heat exchanger 33 acts as an evaporator, or allows the refrigerant fluid FR to circulate without relax it if the third heat exchanger 33 acts as a condenser.

The second branch 12 also comprises a fourth heat exchanger 34 configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid FR and the outside air flow 16. On the second branch 12, the fourth heat exchanger 34 is interposed between the third heat exchanger 33 and the junction point 22. The fourth heat exchanger 34 is also arranged on the front face 50 of the vehicle, being more particularly arranged upstream of the third heat exchanger 33, according to a direction of flow of the flow of outside air 16 symbolized by an arrow. The fourth heat exchanger 34 aims to complete and reinforce a heat exchange carried out between the third heat exchanger 33 and the outside air flow 16. More particularly, the fourth heat exchanger 34 allows additional cooling of the refrigerant fluid FR when the third heat exchanger 33 behaves like a condenser.

The fourth heat exchanger 34 is associated with a second accumulation device 17 interposed between the third heat exchanger 33 and the fourth heat exchanger 34. The second accumulation device 17 consists for example of a dehydrating bottle intended to retain a fraction of refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state. Preferably, the second accumulation device 17 adjoins the fourth heat exchanger 34. In this case, the second accumulation device 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 34 comprise, for example, adjoining partitions, the second device accumulation 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 34 being attached to each other. According to another variant, the second accumulation device 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 34 form a one-piece device, such that the second accumulation device 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 34 cannot be isolated from one another. the other without damaging one and/or the other.

The second branch 12 also comprises a non-return valve 18 which is capable of allowing circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the second branch 12 between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22, according to this direction of circulation. , and which is able to prevent the circulation of the refrigerant FR inside the second branch 12 in the opposite direction, that is to say from the junction point 22 to the point of divergence 21.

To avoid condensation of the refrigerant FR inside the second branch 12, the distances between the non-return valve 18 and the junction point 22 on the one hand, and between the first valve 15 and the junction point 22 on the other hand are as short as possible, the distances being taken on a line of refrigerant fluid connecting the non-return valve 18 and the first valve 15.

These arrangements are such that inside the second branch 12, when the non-return valve 18 is open, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates successively from the point of divergence 21, towards the first expansion device 41, then towards the third heat exchanger 33, then to the second storage device 17, then to the fourth heat exchanger 34, then through the non-return valve 18 to the junction point 22.

The refrigerant circuit 2 also comprises a third branch 13 which extends between a bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The bypass point 23 is interposed on the second branch 12 between the third heat exchanger 33 and the second accumulation device 17. The third branch 13 comprises a second valve 19. The second valve 19 is capable of authorizing or prohibiting circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR inside the third branch 13 from the bypass point 23 towards the focal point 20.

These arrangements are such that inside the third branch 13, when the second valve 19 is open, the refrigerant FR is able to circulate from the bypass point 23 to the convergence point 20 by circulating through the second valve 19, in particular to bypass the fourth heat exchanger 34 and the second storage device 17.

The refrigerant circuit 2 also comprises a fourth branch 14 which extends between the junction point 22 and the point of convergence 20. The fourth branch 14 forms a connecting branch between the refrigerant circuit 2 and the fluid circuit coolant 3. The fourth branch allows heat transfer between the two circuits 2, 3.

The fourth branch 14 comprises a second expansion member 42 which is able to expand the refrigerant fluid FR at different pressures. In addition, the second expansion member 42 can also cause the refrigerant fluid FR to circulate without expanding the latter.

The fourth branch 14 also comprises a fifth heat exchanger 35 configured to perform a heat exchange between the refrigerant FR and the heat transfer fluid FC circulating within the heat transfer fluid circuit 3 of the vehicle. To this end, the fifth heat exchanger 35 comprises internal arrangements which allow the refrigerant fluid FR present inside the fifth heat exchanger 35 to exchange calories with the heat transfer fluid FC present inside the fifth heat exchanger. heat 35.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 3 comprises a first heat transfer fluid loop 61 comprising a first pump 71, a first heat exchanger 81 associated with an electrical storage device of the vehicle and the fifth heat exchanger 35.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 3 comprises a second heat transfer fluid loop 62 comprising a second pump 72, a second heat exchanger 82 associated with components of a traction chain of the vehicle and a radiator 36 disposed downstream of the third heat exchanger 33 according to a direction of flow of the external air flow 16.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 3 also comprises a first path 91 which extends between a first branch point 24 of the first heat transfer fluid loop 61 and a first connection point 25 of the second heat transfer fluid loop 62. The first point branch 24 is located between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the first pump 61 while the first connection point 25 is located between the radiator 36 and the second pump 72.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 3 also includes a second path 92 which extends between a second branch point 26 of the first heat transfer fluid loop 61 and a second connection point 27 of the second heat transfer fluid loop 62. The second point branch 26 is located between the first heat exchanger 81 and the fifth heat exchanger 35 while the second connection point 27 is located between the second heat exchanger 82 and the radiator 36.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 3 also includes a third path 93 which extends between a third branch point 28 of the first heat transfer fluid loop 61 and a third connection point 29 of the first heat transfer fluid loop 61. The third point branch 28 is located between the first heat exchanger 81 and the second branch point 26 while the third connection point 29 is located between the first branch point 24 and the first pump 71.

The third channel 93 comprises a high-voltage electric heating device 94.

The second connection point 27 is equipped with a first distribution member 101 capable of directing the heat transfer fluid FC coming from the second heat exchanger 82 towards the second channel 92 or towards the radiator 36.

The third branch point 28 is equipped with a second distribution member 102 capable of directing the heat transfer fluid FC coming from the first heat exchanger 81 towards the second branch point 26 or towards the third channel 93.

It is noted at this stage of the description that the heat treatment system 1 comprises an assembly 51 formed of the third heat exchanger 33, of the fourth heat exchanger 34 and of the radiator 36, the third heat exchanger 33 being interposed between the fourth heat exchanger heater 34 and the radiator 36.

The assembly 51 is preferably arranged on the front face 50 of the vehicle, close to a grille of the latter for example. The front face 50 of the vehicle is the one which is placed at the front of the vehicle according to a current direction of movement of the vehicle.

The assembly 51 is for example equipped with at least one flap 52 capable of authorizing or prohibiting circulation of the flow of outside air 16 through the assembly 51.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a first operating mode to cool the internal air flow 5 and to cool the electrical storage device and the components of the vehicle's powertrain. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in cooling mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and cooling of the electrical storage device and of the components of the traction chain of the vehicle.

In this first mode of operation, the first valve 15 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22. The second valve 19 is closed so that the fluid FR refrigerant cannot circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The all-or-nothing valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is open so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 allows the refrigerant fluid to pass without expanding it. The second expansion member 42 performs an expansion of the refrigerant fluid FR such that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the fluid FC heat transfer fluid inside the first heat transfer fluid loop 61 and the second pump 72 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC inside the second heat transfer fluid loop 62. The first distribution member 101 authorizes only circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the radiator 36. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the second branch point 26. The flap 52 is open to allow the flow of outside air 16 to pass through assembly 51.

According to this first mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to yield heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the point of divergence 21 and borrows the second branch 12 to circulate successively inside the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR does not undergo any expansion, then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the third heat exchanger 33 inside which it yields calories to the outside air flow 16. Then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates inside the second accumulation device 17 which retains a liquid fraction of the refrigerant fluid FR before the latter circulates through the fourth heat exchanger 34 to transfer residual heat to the outside air flow 16. Then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the non-return valve 18 to reach the junction point 22. The refrigerant fluid FR circulates both to the second expansion member 42 to inside which it undergoes a relaxation, and towards the relaxation device 7 inside which it also undergoes a relaxation. The FR refrigerant, expanded and at low temperature, cools the FC heat transfer fluid inside the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the internal air flow 5 inside the second heat exchanger 32, the FR refrigerant present in the sections 30a, 30b of the internal heat exchanger 30 having also exchanged calories. Then the refrigerant fluid FR joins the convergence point 20 before circulating inside the first accumulation device 6 and then joins the compression device 4. These arrangements aim to cool the internal air flow 5.

According to this first mode of operation, the first accumulation device 6 only collects very little, or even no, refrigerant liquid FR in the liquid state, while the second accumulation device 17 collects the preponderant fraction of refrigerant fluid FR at the liquid state. In other words, the first accumulation device 6 comprises almost exclusively refrigerant fluid FR in the gaseous state.

According to this first mode of operation, the refrigerant fluid FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31, then inside the second branch 12 up to the junction point 22 , then to the expansion device 7 and to the second expansion device 42. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure between the expansion device 7 on the one hand and the second expansion device 42 on the other hand until to the compression device 4 via the convergence point and the first accumulation device 6.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC is cooled by the refrigerant fluid FR circulating inside the fifth heat exchanger 35 to finally cool the electrical storage device via the first heat exchanger 81, from a circulation of the fluid coolant FC inside the first coolant loop 61.

At the same time again, the flap 52 being open, the flow of outside air 16 is able to circulate through the assembly 51 in particular to cool the heat transfer fluid FC circulating inside the radiator 36 and subsequently cool the components of the chain. traction of the vehicle associated with the second heat exchanger 82, from a circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC inside the second loop of heat transfer fluid 62.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a second mode of operation to heat the internal air flow 5, heat the electrical storage device and cool the components of the vehicle's powertrain. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in heating mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and of the electrical storage device and cooling of the components of the traction chain of the vehicle.

In this second mode of operation, the first valve 15 is open so that the refrigerant fluid FR can circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the point of junction 22. The second valve 19 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The on/off valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid cannot circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate inside the second branch 12. The second expansion member 42 performs an expansion of the refrigerant fluid FR such that the fluid expanded refrigerant is able to circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the second path 92. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated with the electrical storage device and the high-voltage electrical heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a chain vehicle traction. The flap 52 is closed to prevent the flow of outside air 16 from passing through the assembly 51.

According to this second mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to yield heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant FR circulates to the junction point 22 and borrows the fourth branch 14 to circulate inside the second expansion member 42 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes expansion. Then, the refrigerant FR circulates through the fifth heat exchanger 35 inside which it yields negative calories to the heat transfer fluid FC. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the point of convergence 20 before circulating inside the first accumulation device 6 and then joins the compression device 4. These provisions aim to heat the internal air flow 5.

According to this second mode of operation, the first accumulation device 6 collects the preponderant fraction of refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state.

According to this second mode of operation, the refrigerant fluid FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31, then between the point of divergence 20 and the junction point 22, then at the inside the fourth branch 14 to the second expansion member 42. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure from the second expansion member 42 to the compression device 4 via the fifth heat exchanger 35, the point convergence 20 and the first accumulation device 6.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC is cooled by the refrigerant fluid FR circulating inside the fifth heat exchanger 35 to finally cool the components of the traction chain of the vehicle associated with the second heat exchanger 82, from a circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first path 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then towards the second channel 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These provisions aim to cool the components of the vehicle's traction chain.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a third mode of operation to heat the internal air flow 5, heat the electrical storage device and cool the components of the vehicle's powertrain. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in heating mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and of the electrical storage device, and cooling of the components of the traction chain of the vehicle.

In this third mode of operation, the first valve 15 is open so that the refrigerant FR can circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22. The second valve 19 is open so that the refrigerant FR can circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The on/off valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid cannot circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 causes the refrigerant fluid FR to undergo expansion so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the third heat exchanger 33. The second expansion member 42 also performs an expansion of the fluid refrigerant FR so that the expanded refrigerant is able to circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the second channel 92. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated with the electric storage device and the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a vehicle traction chain. The shutter 52 is open to allow the flow of outside air 16 to pass through the assembly 51.

According to this third mode of operation, the refrigerant fluid FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to transfer heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates up to the point of divergence 21. A first portion refrigerant fluid FR borrows the second branch 12 and a second portion of the refrigerant fluid FR circulates from the point of divergence 21 to the junction point 22.

The first portion of refrigerant fluid circulates through the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes expansion. Then, the first portion of expanded FR refrigerant fluid circulates through the third heat exchanger 33 inside which it yields cold temperatures to the external air flow 16. Then, the first portion of FR refrigerant fluid circulates up to the point bypass 23 to take the third branch 13 to the point of convergence 20.

The second portion of refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the second expansion member 42 inside which it undergoes expansion. The second portion of refrigerant fluid FR, expanded and at low temperature, cools the heat transfer fluid FC inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. Then the second portion of refrigerant fluid FR joins the convergence point 20.

At the point of convergence 20, the two portions of refrigerant fluid join to then circulate inside the first accumulation device 6 and join the compression device 4. These arrangements aim to heat the internal air flow 5.

According to this third mode of operation, the first accumulation device 6 collects the refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state. The second accumulation device 17 is bypassed from a circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR leaving the third heat exchanger 33 towards the third branch 13 and not towards the fourth heat exchanger 34.

According to this third mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31 to the point of divergence 21, then inside the second branch 12 up to the first expansion member 41 as well as between the point of divergence 21 and the second expansion member 42. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure between the first expansion member 41 and the bypass point 23 as well as at inside the third branch 13 to the point of convergence 20. The refrigerant fluid FR is also at low pressure between the second expansion device 42 and the point of convergence 20 as well as between the latter and the compression device 4 .

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC is cooled by the second portion of refrigerant fluid FR circulating inside the fifth heat exchanger 35 to finally cool the components of the traction chain of the vehicle associated with the second heat exchanger 82, from circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first path 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then to the second path 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These arrangements aim to cool the components of the vehicle's traction chain.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a fourth mode of operation to heat the internal air flow 5 and the electrical storage device. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in heating mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and of the electrical storage device.

In this fourth operating mode, the first valve 15 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22. The second valve 19 is open so that the fluid FR refrigerant can circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The on/off valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is closed so that the expanded refrigerant fluid does not circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 causes the refrigerant fluid FR to undergo expansion so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the third heat exchanger 33. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the second path 92. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated with the electric storage device and the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the fluid coolant FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a traction chain of the vehicle. The shutter 52 is open to allow the flow of outside air 16 to pass through the assembly 51.

According to this fourth mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to yield heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the point of divergence 21 and borrows the second branch 12 to circulate successively inside the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes expansion. Then, the expanded refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the third heat exchanger 33 inside which it yields cold temperatures to the external air flow 16. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the bypass point 23, then to inside the third branch 13 as far as the point of convergence 20. Then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates inside the first accumulation device 6 and then joins the compression device 4. These provisions aim to heat the flow of internal air 5.

According to this fourth mode of operation, the first accumulation device 6 collects the refrigerant fluid FR in the liquid state. The second accumulation device 17 is bypassed from a circulation of the refrigerant fluid FR leaving the third heat exchanger 33 towards the third branch 13 and not towards the fourth heat exchanger 34.

According to this fourth mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31, then inside the second branch 12 to the first expansion device 41. The refrigerant FR is at low pressure between the first expansion device 41 up to the bypass point 23, then inside the third branch 13, then between the convergence point 20 up to the compression device 4 passing through the first accumulation device 6.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first channel 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then to the second channel 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These provisions aim to homogenize a temperature of the heat transfer fluid FC during this circulation.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a fifth mode of operation to defrost the third heat exchanger 33 placed on the front face 51 of the vehicle, to heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle from the internal air flow 5, to heat the device electrical storage and cool the components of the vehicle's powertrain. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in deicing mode of the third heat exchanger 33, heating of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and of the electrical storage device, and cooling of the components of the traction chain of the vehicle.

In this fifth mode of operation, the first valve 15 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22. The second valve 19 is closed so that the fluid FR refrigerant cannot circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The on/off valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid cannot circulate inside the second exchanger heat 32. The first expansion member 41 expands the coolant to an intermediate pressure such that the coolant expanded to the intermediate pressure is able to circulate inside the third heat exchanger 33. The second heat exchanger expansion 42 performs an expansion of the refrigerant fluid FR at low pressure such that the expanded refrigerant fluid at low pressure is able to circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the second path 92. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated with the electric storage device and the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the fluid coolant FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a traction chain of the vehicle. The flap 52 is closed to prevent the flow of outside air from passing through the assembly 51.

According to this fifth mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to yield heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the point of divergence 21 and borrows the second branch 12 to circulate successively inside the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes a first expansion at the intermediate pressure, then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the third heat exchanger 33. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates inside the second accumulation device 17 then through the fourth heat exchanger 34. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the non-return valve 18 to reach the junction point 22. The FR refrigerant fluid flows to the second expansion member 42 inside which it undergoes a second expansion to low pressure. The coolant FR, expanded and at low temperature, cools the heat transfer fluid FC inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. Then the coolant FR joins the convergence point 20 before circulating inside the first cooling device. accumulation 6 and then join the compression device 4. These provisions aim to defrost the third heat exchanger 33 due to the intermediate pressure of refrigerant fluid prevailing inside the latter. This intermediate pressure of refrigerant fluid makes it possible to defrost the third heat exchanger 33 by minimizing the energy losses to the outside of the refrigerant circuit 2, in particular due to a significant capacity of the third heat exchanger 33 to absorb heat.

According to this fifth mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31, then inside the second branch 12 to the first expansion device 41. The refrigerant fluid FR is at an intermediate pressure between the first expansion member 41 up to the junction point 22 on the second branch 12, then between the junction point 22 up to the second expansion member 42 on the fourth branch 14. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure between the second expansion device 42 as far as the compression device 4, passing through the point of convergence 20 and the first accumulation device 6.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first channel 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then to the second channel 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These arrangements aim to cool the components of the vehicle's traction chain.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

On the , the thermal treatment system 1 is configured in a sixth mode of operation to demist the passenger compartment of the vehicle from the internal air flow 5 and to heat the electrical storage device. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in demisting mode, and heating of the electrical storage device.

In this first mode of operation, the first valve 15 is closed so that the refrigerant fluid FR cannot circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the junction point 22. The second valve 19 is closed so that the fluid FR refrigerant cannot circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The all-or-nothing valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is open so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 causes the refrigerant fluid FR to undergo expansion so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the third heat exchanger 33. The second expansion member 42 is closed so that the coolant does not circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the second heat exchanger 82 to the second path 92. The second distribution member 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated with the electrical storage device and the high-voltage electrical heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a vehicle traction chain. The shutter 52 is open to allow the flow of outside air 16 to pass through the assembly 51.

According to this sixth mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to yield heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates to the point of divergence 21 and borrows the second branch 12 to circulate successively inside the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes expansion, then the expanded refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the third heat exchanger 33 inside which it yields cold to the outside air flow 16. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates inside the second accumulation device 17 then through the fourth heat exchanger 34. Then the refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the check valve. return 18 to reach the junction point 22. The refrigerant FR flows to the expansion device 7 inside which it does not undergo any expansion. The expanded and low temperature FR refrigerant fluid cools the internal air flow 5 inside the second heat exchanger 32, the FR refrigerant fluid present in the sections 30a, 30b of the internal heat exchanger 30 having otherwise exchanged calories. Then the refrigerant FR joins the convergence point 20 before circulating inside the first accumulation device 6 and then joins the compression device 4. These provisions aim to demist the passenger compartment from the internal air flow 5 which is successively cooled during its circulation through the second heat exchanger 32 and heated during its circulation through the first heat exchanger 31 in order to dry the air contained inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

According to this sixth mode of operation, the refrigerant fluid FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31, then inside the second branch 12 as far as the first expansion device 41. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure from the first expansion device 41 to the junction point on the second branch 12, then between the junction point and the convergence point 20 on the first branch 11, then between the convergence point 20 and the compression device 4.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first channel 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then to the second channel 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These provisions aim to homogenize a temperature of the heat transfer fluid FC during this circulation.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

On the , the heat treatment system 1 is configured in a seventh mode of operation to dehumidify the passenger compartment of the vehicle from the internal air flow 5 and heat the electrical storage device. In other words, the heat treatment system 1 is configured in dehumidification mode, and heating of the electrical storage device.

In this seventh mode of operation, the first valve 15 is open so that the refrigerant fluid FR can circulate between the point of divergence 21 and the point of junction 22. The second valve 19 is open so that the refrigerant fluid FR can circulate between the bypass point 23 and the convergence point 20. The on/off valve 9 of the expansion device 7 is open so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the second heat exchanger 32. The first expansion member 41 causes the refrigerant fluid FR to undergo expansion so that the expanded refrigerant fluid is able to circulate inside the third heat exchanger 33. The second expansion member 42 is closed in such a way. so that the refrigerant fluid does not circulate inside the fifth heat exchanger 35. The first distribution member 101 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC coming from the second heat exchanger 82 towards the second path 92. The second distribution member distribution 102 only allows circulation of the heat transfer fluid FC from the first heat exchanger 81 to the high-voltage electric heating device 94. The first pump 71 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the first heat exchanger 81 associated to the electrical storage device and the high-voltage electrical heating device 94. The second pump 72 is started to circulate the heat transfer fluid FC between the fifth heat exchanger 35 and the second heat exchanger 82 associated with the components of a vehicle traction chain. The shutter 52 is open to allow the flow of outside air 16 to pass through the assembly 51.

According to this seventh mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is compressed inside the compression device 4 to be brought to high pressure and high temperature. The refrigerant fluid FR then circulates inside the first heat exchanger 31 to transfer heat at constant pressure to the internal air flow 5. Then, the refrigerant fluid FR circulates up to the point of divergence 21. A first portion refrigerant fluid FR borrows the second branch 12 and a second portion of the refrigerant fluid FR circulates from the point of divergence 21 to the junction point 22.

The first portion of refrigerant fluid circulates through the first expansion member 41 inside which the refrigerant fluid FR undergoes expansion. Then, the first portion of expanded FR refrigerant fluid circulates through the third heat exchanger 33 inside which it yields cold temperatures to the external air flow 16. Then, the first portion of FR refrigerant fluid circulates to the point bypass 23 to take the third branch 13 to the point of convergence 20.

The second portion of refrigerant fluid FR circulates through the expansion device inside which it undergoes expansion. The second portion of refrigerant fluid FR, expanded and at low temperature, cools the internal air flow 5 inside the second heat exchanger 32. Then the second portion of refrigerant fluid FR joins the point of convergence 20.

The combined portions of coolant fluid then circulate inside the first accumulation device 6 then towards the compression device 4. These arrangements aim to dehumidify the passenger compartment from the internal air flow 5 which is successively cooled during its circulation through the second heat exchanger 32 and heated during its circulation through the first heat exchanger 31 in order to dehumidify the internal air flow 5 prior to its delivery inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

According to this seventh mode of operation, the refrigerant FR is at high pressure from the compression device 4 and inside the first heat exchanger 31 to the point of divergence 21, then inside the second branch 12 up to the first expansion device 41 as well as between the point of divergence 21 and the expansion device 7. The refrigerant fluid FR is at low pressure between the first expansion device 41 and the bypass point 23 as well as at the inside the third branch 13 to the point of convergence 20. The refrigerant fluid FR is also at low pressure between the expansion device 7 and the point of convergence 20 as well as between the latter and the compression device 4.

At the same time, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates from the fifth heat exchanger 35, to the first branch point 24, then inside the first channel 91, then to the second pump 72, then to the second heat exchanger 82, then to the first distribution member 101, then to the second channel 92 as far as the second branch point 26 to finally reach the fifth heat exchanger 35. These provisions aim to homogenize a temperature of the heat transfer fluid FC during this circulation.

Also in parallel, the heat transfer fluid FC circulates between the third connection point 29 and the third branch point 28 through the first pump 71 and the first heat exchanger 81, then inside the third channel 93 through the high-voltage electrical heating 94. These provisions aim to heat the electrical storage device.

The seven operating modes described above are non-exhaustive, and other operating modes adapted to different situations can be implemented by the heat treatment system 1 according to the invention.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.

The invention, as it has just been described, successfully achieves the aim it had set itself, and makes it possible to propose a refrigerant circuit capable of ensuring various improved operating modes from an optimized control of the distribution of the circulating mass of refrigerant fluid FR inside the refrigerant circuit 2. Variants not described here could be implemented without departing from the context of the invention, since, in accordance with the invention, they include a refrigerant circuit 2 according to the invention.

Claims (15)

Cooling fluid circuit (2) for a heat treatment system (1) of a vehicle and through which a cooling fluid (FR) passes, the cooling fluid circuit (2) comprising a main branch (10) which extends between a point of convergence (20) and a point of divergence (21) and which comprises a compression device (4) and a first heat exchanger (31) configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and a flow of internal air (5) or a first heat transfer liquid, the refrigerant circuit (2) comprising a first branch (11) which extends between the point of divergence (21) and the point of convergence (20) and which comprises a first valve (15), an expansion device (7) and a second heat exchanger (32) configured to operate a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and the internal air flow (5), the refrigerant circuit (2) comprising a second branch (12) which extends between the point of divergence (21) and a junction point (22) interposed between the first valve (15) and the expansion device (7) , the second branch (12) comprising a first expansion member (41), a third heat exchanger (33) configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and an external air flow (16) at a passenger compartment of the vehicle or between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and a second heat transfer liquid, the second branch (12) also comprising a fourth heat exchanger (34) configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and the external air flow (16), the refrigerant circuit (2) comprising a third branch (13) which extends between a bypass point (23), interposed between the third heat exchanger (33) and the fourth heat exchanger (34), and the convergence point (20) and which comprises a second valve (19), the main branch (10) comprising a first accumulation device (6) interposed between the convergence point (20) and the compression device (4), the second branch (12) comprising a second accumulation device (17) interposed between the bypass point (23) and the fourth heat exchanger (34). Refrigerant circuit (2) according to claim 1, in which the refrigerating fluid circuit (2) comprises a fourth branch (14) which extends between the point of junction (22) and the point of convergence (20) and which comprises a second expansion member (42) and a fifth heat exchanger (35) configured to effect a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) and a heat transfer fluid (FC) circulating within a heat transfer fluid circuit (3) of the vehicle. Refrigerant circuit (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the expansion device (7) comprises a thermostatic expansion member (8). Refrigerant fluid circuit (2) according to Claim 3, in which the thermostatic expansion device (8) is associated with an on/off valve (9). Refrigerant circuit (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first branch (11) comprises an internal heat exchanger (30) comprising a first section (30a) arranged between the junction point (22) and the expansion device (7) and a second section (30b) disposed between the second heat exchanger (32) and the point of convergence (20), the first section (30a) and the second section (30b) being arranged to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid (FR) circulating inside the first section (30a) and the refrigerant fluid (FR) circulating inside the second section (30b). Refrigerant fluid circuit (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the second branch (12) comprises a non-return valve (18) capable of allowing circulation of the refrigerating fluid (FR) inside the second branch (12) from the point of divergence (21) to the junction point (22) and able to prevent the circulation of the refrigerant fluid (FR) in the opposite direction. Refrigerant circuit (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the second storage device (17) is arranged between the third heat exchanger (33) and the fourth heat exchanger (34). Refrigerant circuit (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the second storage device (17) adjoins the fourth heat exchanger (34). Heat treatment system (1) comprising a cooling fluid circuit (2) according to any one of claims 2 to 8 and the heat transfer fluid circuit (3) comprising a first heat transfer fluid loop (61) comprising a first pump ( 71), a first heat exchanger (81) associated with an electrical storage device of the vehicle and the fifth heat exchanger (35). Heat treatment system (1) according to claim 9, in which the heat transfer fluid circuit (3) comprises a second heat transfer fluid loop (62) comprising a second pump (72), a second heat exchanger (82) associated with components of a traction chain of the vehicle and a radiator (36) disposed downstream of the third heat exchanger (33) in a flow direction of the flow of outside air (16). Heat treatment system (1) according to either of Claims 9 and 10, in which the heat treatment system (1) comprises an assembly (51) formed of the third heat exchanger (33) interposed between the fourth heat exchanger (34) and the radiator (36). Heat treatment system (1) according to claim 11, in which the assembly (51) is equipped with at least one shutter (52) capable of authorizing or prohibiting circulation of the flow of outside air (16) through the together (51). Vehicle equipped with a heat treatment system (1) according to any one of claims 11 and 12, in which the vehicle comprises a front face (50) equipped with the assembly (51). Method for controlling a refrigerant circuit (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which:
- during a cooling mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the second heat exchanger (32) is used as an evaporator to cool the internal air flow (5), and the third heat exchanger (33 ) as a condenser to transfer calories to the external air flow (16) or to the second heat transfer liquid, the second valve (19) preventing circulation of the refrigerant fluid (FR) inside the third branch (13), the second accumulation device (17) being used to store a liquid fraction of the refrigerant fluid (FR),
- during a heating mode of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the first heat exchanger (31) is used as a condenser to heat the internal air flow (5) or the first heat transfer liquid, and the third exchanger is used (33) as an evaporator to cool the external air flow (16) or the second heat transfer liquid, the second valve (19) being open to allow circulation of the refrigerant fluid (FR) inside the third branch (13), the first accumulation device (6) being used to store the liquid fraction of the refrigerant fluid (FR). Control method according to Claim 14, in which during the vehicle interior cooling mode, the refrigerant fluid (FR) cools the heat transfer fluid (FC) via the fifth heat exchanger (35) to cool the vehicle electrical storage device associated with the first heat exchanger (81).