FR3124651A1 - Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method. - Google Patents

Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3124651A1
FR3124651A1 FR2106697A FR2106697A FR3124651A1 FR 3124651 A1 FR3124651 A1 FR 3124651A1 FR 2106697 A FR2106697 A FR 2106697A FR 2106697 A FR2106697 A FR 2106697A FR 3124651 A1 FR3124651 A1 FR 3124651A1
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France
Prior art keywords
coil
coils
electric vehicle
primary
vehicle
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FR2106697A
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French (fr)
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FR3124651B1 (en
Inventor
Antoine Caillierez
Wassim KABBARA
Serge Loudot
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Système d’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique (1), comprenant au moins deux bobines primaires disposées dans une route (2) alimentées par au moins deux onduleurs, au moins une bobine secondaire disposée dans le véhicule électrique (1), les bobines primaires pouvant transmettre de l’énergie électrique à la au moins une bobine secondaire par couplage magnétique, dans lequel une bobine est une bobine en boucle simple ou une bobine en forme de huit, et des bobines primaires adjacentes sont alternativement une bobine en boucle simple et une bobine en forme de huit, le véhicule étant alors muni d’au moins une paire de bobines comprenant une bobine secondaire en forme de boucle simple et une bobine secondaire en forme de huit superposées. Figure pour l’abrégé : Fig 8Power supply system for an electric vehicle (1), comprising at least two primary coils arranged in a road (2) supplied by at least two inverters, at least one secondary coil arranged in the electric vehicle (1), the primary capable of transmitting electrical energy to the at least one secondary coil by magnetic coupling, wherein one coil is a single loop coil or a figure eight coil, and adjacent primary coils are alternately a single loop coil and a coil in the shape of a figure of eight, the vehicle then being provided with at least one pair of coils comprising a secondary coil in the shape of a simple loop and a secondary coil in the shape of a superimposed figure of eight. Figure for abstract: Fig 8

Description

Système d’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique comprenant des bobines dans une route et dans le véhicule, et procédé de commande correspondant.Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method.

L’invention a pour domaine technique la charge de batterie de véhicule électrique, et plus particulièrement une telle charge alors que le véhicule roule.The technical field of the invention is electric vehicle battery charging, and more particularly such charging while the vehicle is in motion.

Techniques antérieuresPrior techniques

De la technique antérieure, on connait les documents suivants.From the prior art, the following documents are known.

Le document FR2998427 divulgue l’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique avec plus d’une bobine primaireThe document FR2998427 discloses the supply of an electric vehicle with more than one primary coil

Le document FR3045231 divulgue un système de charge en roulant, dans lequel la bobine primaire suivante est mise en court-circuit juste avant la transition entre la bobine primaire courante et la bobine primaire suivante.Document FR3045231 discloses a charging system while driving, in which the next primary coil is short-circuited just before the transition between the current primary coil and the next primary coil.

Le document WO2011076436 divulgue un procédé d’alimentation électrique de véhicules électriques, notamment de type ferroviaire.Document WO2011076436 discloses a method for powering electric vehicles, in particular of the railway type.

Le procédé repose sur l’alimentation simultanée de trois bobines entrelacées alimentées par deux onduleurs qui servent également au pilotage des tronçons précédents et suivants. Cette solution n’est applicable que pour du transport sur rails, du fait de la forme, l’alignement et la taille des bobines en serpentin employées. De plus, les tronçons obtenus présentent une longueur de plusieurs mètres, bien plus longs que la longueur des tronçons nécessaires à des véhicules routiers.The process is based on the simultaneous supply of three interlaced coils powered by two inverters which are also used to control the previous and following sections. This solution is only applicable for transport on rails, due to the shape, alignment and size of the serpentine coils used. In addition, the sections obtained have a length of several meters, much longer than the length of the sections required for road vehicles.

Le document WO2015101986 divulgue un système et une méthode d’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique par une route électrifiée, constituée de bobines circulaires juxtaposées. Avec une géométrie circulaire, la continuité temporelle de la puissance transmise à un véhicule en mouvement n’est pas possible (la tolérance de décentrage latéral et longitudinal est très limitée).The document WO2015101986 discloses a system and a method for powering an electric vehicle by an electrified road, consisting of juxtaposed circular coils. With a circular geometry, temporal continuity of the power transmitted to a moving vehicle is not possible (lateral and longitudinal off-centering tolerance is very limited).

Les systèmes de charge par induction en roulant décrits actuellement ont l’inconvénient de ne pas être utilisables avec l’ensemble des véhicules routiers (véhicules légers, SUV, poids lourds). La modularité en termes de puissance et de garde au sol est limitée du fait des dimensions des bobines émettrices et réceptrices. En d’autres termes, un poids lourd requiert une puissance d’alimentation de son moteur supérieure à celle requise par le moteur d’un véhicule léger et dispose d’une surface sous caisse également supérieure pour accueillir un coupleur plus puissant et de surface plus importante. Si l’augmentation de la puissance transférée est possible en augmentant la surface des bobines émettrices et réceptrices, cela crée une diversité qui rend incompatible la recharge de tous types de véhicules avec une seule et même configuration de route.The inductive charging systems currently described while driving have the disadvantage of not being usable with all road vehicles (light vehicles, SUVs, heavy goods vehicles). The modularity in terms of power and ground clearance is limited due to the dimensions of the transmitting and receiving coils. In other words, a heavy vehicle requires a higher power supply from its engine than that required by the engine of a light vehicle and has an area under the body that is also greater to accommodate a more powerful coupler with a larger area. important. If the increase in the transferred power is possible by increasing the surface of the transmitting and receiving coils, this creates a diversity which makes the charging of all types of vehicles incompatible with a single and same road configuration.

Il existe donc un besoin pour un système d’alimentation en roulant et une méthode de commande d’un système d’alimentation en roulant compatible avec différents véhicules routiers.There is therefore a need for a rolling power system and a method of controlling a rolling power system compatible with different road vehicles.

L’invention a pour objet un système d’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique, comprenant au moins deux bobines primaires disposées dans une route, alimentées par au moins deux onduleurs, au moins une bobine secondaire disposée dans le véhicule électrique, les bobines primaires pouvant transmettre de l’énergie électrique à la au moins une bobine secondaire par couplage magnétique. Une bobine est une bobine en boucle simple ou une bobine en forme de huit. Des bobines primaires adjacentes sont être alternativement une bobine en boucle simple et une bobine en forme de huit, le véhicule étant alors muni d’au moins une paire de bobines comprenant une bobine secondaire en forme de boucle simple et une bobine secondaire en forme de huit superposées.The subject of the invention is a power supply system for an electric vehicle, comprising at least two primary coils placed in a road, supplied by at least two inverters, at least one secondary coil placed in the electric vehicle, the primary coils being able to transmitting electrical energy to the at least one secondary coil by magnetic coupling. A coil is a single loop coil or a figure eight coil. Adjacent primary coils are alternately a single loop coil and a figure eight coil, the vehicle then being provided with at least one pair of coils comprising a single loop secondary coil and a figure eight secondary coil superimposed.

Le véhicule électrique peut être en mouvement alors qu’il est alimenté.The electric vehicle may be in motion while powered.

Le véhicule électrique peut être à l’arrêt alors qu’il est alimenté.The electric vehicle may be stationary while it is powered.

L’invention a également pour objet un procédé de commande d’un système d’alimentation tel que décrit ci-dessus, comprenant les étapes suivantes :The invention also relates to a method for controlling a power supply system as described above, comprising the following steps:

- on commande tous les onduleurs alimentant une bobine primaire de sorte que les bobines primaires connectées chacune à un onduleur soient en circuit ouvert,- all the inverters supplying a primary coil are controlled so that the primary coils each connected to an inverter are in open circuit,

- on mesure la tension aux bornes des bobines primaires connectées à chaque onduleur,- the voltage is measured at the terminals of the primary coils connected to each inverter,

- on détermine si au moins une tension mesurée est supérieure à un seuil de tension prédéterminé,- it is determined whether at least one measured voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage threshold,

- on commande le au moins un onduleur connecté à une bobine primaire aux bornes de laquelle la tension mesurée est supérieure au seuil de tension prédéterminé de sorte qu’une tension d’alimentation soit appliquée audit au moins un onduleur, et on commande les autres onduleurs de sorte que les bobines primaires connectées auxdits autres onduleurs soient en circuit ouvert, et- the at least one inverter connected to a primary coil is controlled across the terminals of which the measured voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage threshold so that a supply voltage is applied to said at least one inverter, and the other inverters are controlled such that the primary coils connected to said other inverters are open circuited, and

- Le procédé reprend ensuite à l’étape de mesure de la tension aux bornes des bobines primaires connectées à chaque onduleur.- The process then resumes at the step of measuring the voltage at the terminals of the primary coils connected to each inverter.

Le système d’alimentation et le procédé de commande selon l’invention présentent l’avantage d’être modulaires pour rendre la charge en roulant compatible avec tous types de véhicules. Cette modularité, c’est-à-dire l’aptitude à recharger tous types de véhicules du véhicule léger au poids lourd avec des puissances adaptées, est du premier ordre pour la rentabilité d’une route électriqueThe power supply system and the control method according to the invention have the advantage of being modular in order to make the load while driving compatible with all types of vehicles. This modularity, i.e. the ability to charge all types of vehicles from light to heavy vehicles with suitable powers, is of the first order for the profitability of an electric road.

D’autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :Other aims, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

- La illustre un mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation en roulant,- There illustrates one embodiment of a rolling power system,

- La illustre une variante du mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation en roulant,- There illustrates a variant of the embodiment of a rolling supply system,

- Les figures 3 à 5 illustrent un mode de commande de l’alimentation des bobines primaires d’une route alors qu’un véhicule automobile électrique est en mouvement,- Figures 3 to 5 illustrate a mode of controlling the supply of the primary coils of a road while an electric motor vehicle is in motion,

- La illustre un premier mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation selon l’invention,- There illustrates a first embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention,

- La illustre un deuxième mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation selon l’invention,- There illustrates a second embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention,

- La illustre un troisième mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation selon l’invention,- There illustrates a third embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention,

- La illustre une variante du troisième mode de réalisation d’un système d’alimentation selon l’invention,- There illustrates a variant of the third embodiment of a supply system according to the invention,

- Les figures 10 à 12 illustrent un mode de commande de l’alimentation des bobines primaires d’une route selon l’invention alors qu’un véhicule automobile électrique est en mouvement,- Figures 10 to 12 illustrate a mode of controlling the supply of the primary coils of a road according to the invention while an electric motor vehicle is in motion,

- La illustre les principales étapes d’un procédé de commande selon l’invention.- There illustrates the main steps of a control method according to the invention.

Claims (4)

Système d’alimentation d’un véhicule électrique (1), comprenant au moins deux bobines primaires disposées dans une route (2) alimentées par au moins deux onduleurs, au moins une bobine secondaire disposée dans le véhicule électrique (1), les bobines primaires pouvant transmettre de l’énergie électrique à la au moins une bobine secondaire par couplage magnétique, caractérisé par le fait qu’une bobine est une bobine en boucle simple ou une bobine en forme de huit, et que des bobines primaires adjacentes sont alternativement une bobine en boucle simple et une bobine en forme de huit, le véhicule étant alors muni d’au moins une paire de bobines comprenant une bobine secondaire en forme de boucle simple et une bobine secondaire en forme de huit superposées.Power supply system for an electric vehicle (1), comprising at least two primary coils arranged in a road (2) supplied by at least two inverters, at least one secondary coil arranged in the electric vehicle (1), the primary capable of transmitting electrical energy to the at least one secondary coil by magnetic coupling, characterized in that one coil is a single loop coil or a figure-eight coil, and adjacent primary coils are alternately a coil in a simple loop and a coil in the form of a figure of eight, the vehicle then being provided with at least one pair of coils comprising a secondary coil in the form of a simple loop and a secondary coil in the form of a superimposed figure of eight. Système d’alimentation selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le véhicule électrique (1) est en mouvement alors qu’il est alimenté.A power system according to claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle (1) is in motion while powered. Système d’alimentation selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel le véhicule électrique (1) est à l’arrêt alors qu’il est alimenté.A power system according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the electric vehicle (1) is stationary while powered. Procédé de commande d’un système d’alimentation selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
  • on commande tous les onduleurs alimentant une bobine primaire de sorte que les bobines primaires connectées chacune à un onduleur soient en circuit ouvert,
  • on mesure la tension aux bornes des bobines primaires connectées à chaque onduleur,
  • on détermine si au moins une tension mesurée est supérieure à un seuil de tension prédéterminé,
  • on commande le au moins un onduleur connecté à une bobine primaire aux bornes de laquelle la tension mesurée est supérieure au seuil de tension prédéterminé de sorte qu’une tension d’alimentation soit appliquée audit au moins un onduleur, et on commande les autres onduleurs de sorte que les bobines primaires connectées auxdits autres onduleurs soient en circuit ouvert.
    • Le procédé reprend ensuite à l’étape de mesure de la tension aux bornes des bobines primaires connectées à chaque onduleur.
A method of controlling a power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
  • all the inverters supplying a primary coil are controlled so that the primary coils each connected to an inverter are in open circuit,
  • the voltage is measured at the terminals of the primary coils connected to each inverter,
  • it is determined whether at least one measured voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage threshold,
  • the at least one inverter connected to a primary coil is controlled at the terminals of which the measured voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage threshold so that a supply voltage is applied to said at least one inverter, and the other inverters are controlled so that the primary coils connected to said other inverters are open circuited.
    • The method then resumes at the step of measuring the voltage at the terminals of the primary coils connected to each inverter.
FR2106697A 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method. Active FR3124651B1 (en)

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FR2106697A FR3124651B1 (en) 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method.

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FR2106697A FR3124651B1 (en) 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Power system of an electric vehicle comprising coils in a road and in the vehicle, and corresponding control method.
FR2106697 2021-06-23

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FR3124651A1 true FR3124651A1 (en) 2022-12-30
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011076436A2 (en) 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Providing a plurality of vehicles, in particular track bound vehicles, with electric energy
FR2998427A1 (en) 2012-11-21 2014-05-23 Renault Sa System for contactless charging of battery of moving car, has electronic control unit controlling switching cells such that primary coils are powered simultaneously according to car position, where each coil includes certain dimension
WO2015101986A1 (en) 2013-12-31 2015-07-09 Electric Road Ltd. System and method for powering an electric vehicle on a road
US20160190815A1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-06-30 Qualcomm Incorporated System and method for multi-coil dual backbone dynamic inductive power transfer
FR3045231A1 (en) 2015-12-14 2017-06-16 Renault Sas DYNAMIC CONTACTLESS LOADING METHOD AND CORRESPONDING SYSTEM

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011076436A2 (en) 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Providing a plurality of vehicles, in particular track bound vehicles, with electric energy
FR2998427A1 (en) 2012-11-21 2014-05-23 Renault Sa System for contactless charging of battery of moving car, has electronic control unit controlling switching cells such that primary coils are powered simultaneously according to car position, where each coil includes certain dimension
WO2015101986A1 (en) 2013-12-31 2015-07-09 Electric Road Ltd. System and method for powering an electric vehicle on a road
US20160190815A1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-06-30 Qualcomm Incorporated System and method for multi-coil dual backbone dynamic inductive power transfer
FR3045231A1 (en) 2015-12-14 2017-06-16 Renault Sas DYNAMIC CONTACTLESS LOADING METHOD AND CORRESPONDING SYSTEM

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LI YONG ET AL: "A New Coil Structure and Its Optimization Design With Constant Output Voltage and Constant Output Current for Electric Vehicle Dynamic Wireless Charging", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, NEW YORK, NY, US, vol. 15, no. 9, 1 September 2019 (2019-09-01), pages 5244 - 5256, XP011744428, ISSN: 1551-3203, [retrieved on 20190904], DOI: 10.1109/TII.2019.2896358 *
XU CHEN ET AL: "Charging Area Extensible Wireless Power Transfer System with an Orthogonal Structure", 2019 IEEE WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER CONFERENCE (WPTC), IEEE, 18 June 2019 (2019-06-18), pages 484 - 487, XP033753540, DOI: 10.1109/WPTC45513.2019.9055696 *

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