FR3122836A1 - AQUEOUS NANO-DISPERSIONS AND NANO-EMULSIONS for water treatment - Google Patents
AQUEOUS NANO-DISPERSIONS AND NANO-EMULSIONS for water treatment Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/358—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
Composition lipidique comportant des particules et des molécules actives liposolubles, telle que les particules sont constituées d’amas de feuillets de phyllosilicates de taille D90 en nombre inférieure à 1 000 nanomètres, telle que les molécules actives comportent des huiles essentielles et telle que les molécules actives sont liées physiquement à la surface des particules avec un agent de dispersion amphiphile. Figure 8Lipid composition comprising particles and liposoluble active molecules, such that the particles consist of clusters of phyllosilicate sheets of D90 size in number less than 1000 nanometers, such that the active molecules comprise essential oils and such that the active molecules are physically bound to the surface of the particles with an amphiphilic dispersing agent. Figure 8
Description
Domaine de l’inventionField of invention
La présente invention concerne des nano-dispersions aqueuses et des nano-émulsions destinées à décontaminer des eaux ou à prévenir leur contamination par des agents pathogènes, notamment des eaux utilisées pour l’aquaculture, ou les eaux de breuvage des animaux terrestres, pouvant selon le dosage être utilisé comme traitement préventif des infections des animaux.The present invention relates to aqueous nano-dispersions and nano-emulsions intended to decontaminate water or to prevent its contamination by pathogenic agents, in particular water used for aquaculture, or drinking water for terrestrial animals, which can, depending on the dosage be used as a preventive treatment for animal infections.
État de la techniqueState of the art
Au niveau mondial, la demande de poisson est en augmentation du fait de la combinaison de plusieurs facteurs : croissance démographique, urbanisation et multiplication des richesses. Selon des recherches portant sur l'offre et la demande de poisson, la production aquacole devra doubler d'ici à 2030 pour pouvoir satisfaire la demande et les besoins croissants à l'échelon planétaire. Actuellement, le poisson représente près de 20 pour cent des aliments d'origine animale consommés dans le monde. Ce qui en fait une cible intéressante, comme décrit dans la suite de ce document, sachant que les principes s’appliquent également aux élevages d’animaux terrestres, et aux animaux domestiques, avec chacun leur spécificité.Globally, the demand for fish is increasing due to a combination of several factors: population growth, urbanization and increasing wealth. Research on fish supply and demand suggests that aquaculture production will need to double by 2030 to meet growing global demand and needs. Currently, fish accounts for nearly 20 percent of animal foods consumed worldwide. This makes it an interesting target, as described later in this document, knowing that the principles also apply to terrestrial animal farms and domestic animals, each with their specificity.
Selon des estimations actuelles, les rendements de la pêche de capture marine ne devraient augmenter que très faiblement. Seule l'aquaculture pourra donc permettre de satisfaire la demande.According to current estimates, yields from marine capture fisheries are expected to increase only marginally. Only aquaculture will therefore be able to meet the demand.
L’aquaculture représente 50 % du poisson consommé dans le monde. Le secteur se développe comme tous les élevages intensifs avec l’utilisation d’antibiotiques pour faire face aux maladies qui touchent les exploitations. Cette surexposition aux antibiotiques participe au développement de l’antibiorésistance et la propagation des pathogènes. C’est devenu une préoccupation majeure de ce secteur, sous la pression des consommateurs.Aquaculture accounts for 50% of the fish consumed worldwide. The sector is developing like all intensive farming with the use of antibiotics to deal with the diseases that affect farms. This overexposure to antibiotics contributes to the development of antibiotic resistance and the spread of pathogens. It has become a major concern in this sector, under pressure from consumers.
On peut citer des grandes familles de pathogènes récurrents des élevages, rencontrés dans les exploitations : les photobacterium (par exemple sous espèce damselae), les vibrionacea (par exemple les alginolyticus, photobacterium, ou vibrio), les pseudomonas (par exemple anguilliseptica).We can cite the major families of recurrent pathogens of livestock, encountered on farms: photobacterium (for example under the damselae species), vibrionacea (for example alginolyticus, photobacterium, or vibrio), pseudomonas (for example anguilliseptica).
Face à ces pathogènes, les pisciculteurs ont le plus souvent recours à l’utilisation d'antibiotiques. Mais, à la fin du traitement, la flore présente généralement une résistance accrue à l'antibiotique utilisé, de nombreux gènes de résistances sont portés par des plasmides qui peuvent se transmettre d'une espèce bactérienne à l'autre. Le risque de sélectionner des souches pathogènes résistantes incite donc à limiter le recours aux antibiotiques (Pham 2017). Les chercheurs se retrouvent donc face au besoin de trouver d’autres alternatives et principes actifs pour lutter contre les pathogènes et la multi-résistance.Faced with these pathogens, fish farmers most often resort to the use of antibiotics. But, at the end of the treatment, the flora generally shows an increased resistance to the antibiotic used, many resistance genes are carried by plasmids which can be transmitted from one bacterial species to another. The risk of selecting resistant pathogenic strains therefore encourages limiting the use of antibiotics (Pham 2017). Researchers are therefore faced with the need to find other alternatives and active ingredients to fight against pathogens and multi-resistance.
Le traitement de choix des maladies microbiennes reste l'antibiothérapie. Des abus dans son utilisation ont malheureusement conduit à l'apparition de souches résistantes et à de fréquents échecs de traitement. Il existe aussi un risque de transmission des résistances plasmidiques à d'autres bactéries, y compris celles pathogènes pour l'homme, et d'accumulation de résidus dans la chair des poissons et dans les effluents des piscicultures. Des législations sévères ont considérablement restreint l'emploi des antibiotiques en milieu aquatique, posant de gros problèmes aux pisciculteurs dont l'arsenal antibactérien est de plus en plus limité.The treatment of choice for microbial diseases remains antibiotic therapy. Abuses in its use have unfortunately led to the appearance of resistant strains and frequent treatment failures. There is also a risk of transmission of resistance plasmids to other bacteria, including those pathogenic for humans, and of accumulation of residues in fish flesh and in fish farm effluents. Severe legislation has considerably restricted the use of antibiotics in the aquatic environment, posing major problems for fish farmers whose antibacterial arsenal is increasingly limited.
Parmi les alternatives utilisées pour remplacer les antibiotiques, on trouve les huiles essentielles. L’utilisation de l’huile de cannelle, contenant majoritairement de la cinnamaldéhyde, a déjà été intégrée à la diète de tilapias infectés par streptococcus iniae et a réduit le taux de mortalité des poissons qui était très élevé (Rattanachaikunsopon & Phumkhachorn, 2010). Les effets des huiles essentielles sur des poulets d’élevage ont également été décrits (Brenes and Roura, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 158, 2010, 1-14).Among the alternatives used to replace antibiotics are essential oils. The use of cinnamon oil, mainly containing cinnamaldehyde, has already been incorporated into the diet of tilapia infected with streptococcus iniae and has reduced the fish mortality rate, which was very high (Rattanachaikunsopon & Phumkhachorn, 2010). The effects of essential oils on broiler chickens have also been described (Brenes and Roura, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 158, 2010, 1-14).
Usuellement les traitements sont effectués en balnéothérapie dans les élevages aquacoles. Mais comme il s’agit de molécules volatiles et hydrophobes, le trempage des poissons dans un bassin contenant des HE reste complexe, difficile à mettre en œuvre et peu recommandé à grande échelle dans les exploitations utilisant des cages en pleine mer, ou raccordées à un cours d’eau.Treatments are usually carried out in balneotherapy in aquaculture farms. But as these are volatile and hydrophobic molecules, soaking fish in a tank containing essential oils remains complex, difficult to implement and not recommended on a large scale in farms using cages in the open sea, or connected to a watercourse.
Il y a par conséquent un besoin grandissant pour des systèmes alternatifs permettant de protéger efficacement les élevages notamment aquacoles de ces pathogènes de façon ciblée, en substitution à l’utilisation systématique des médicaments antibiotiques, et particulièrement dans une approche préventive, qui n’induit pas d’antibiorésistance, c’est un enjeu doublé des contraintes de mise en œuvre des huiles qu’il faut administrer efficacement et simplement aux espèces cibles (élevage aquacole, et distribution dans les eaux de breuvage pour les espèces terrestres).There is therefore a growing need for alternative systems to effectively protect farms, particularly aquaculture, from these pathogens in a targeted manner, replacing the systematic use of antibiotic drugs, and particularly in a preventive approach, which does not induce of antibiotic resistance, this is an issue coupled with the constraints of implementing the oils that must be administered efficiently and simply to the target species (aquaculture farming, and distribution in drinking water for terrestrial species).
Description brève de l’inventionBrief description of the invention
L’invention a pour objet une nano-dispersion aqueuse comprenant des particules minérales, un agent de dispersion amphiphile et des molécules actives, telle que les particules sont des amas de feuillets de phyllosilicates exfoliés de taille D90 en nombre inférieure à 1 000 nanomètres, et telle que les molécules actives comportent des huiles essentielles.The subject of the invention is an aqueous nano-dispersion comprising mineral particles, an amphiphilic dispersing agent and active molecules, such that the particles are clusters of exfoliated phyllosilicate sheets of size D90 in number less than 1000 nanometers, and such that the active molecules include essential oils.
Les amas de feuillets de phyllosilicates de très petite taille servent de support aux molécules d’huiles essentielles qui sont liées physiquement à la surface des feuillets de phyllosilicates avec un agent de surface amphiphile, cela a l’avantage de stabiliser ces molécules et de les concentrer à leur surface. La petite taille des amas de feuillets permet ainsi de largement disperser les molécules actives, qui lorsqu’elles sont hydrophobes et de faible densité ont tendance à se regrouper pour former des grosses gouttes, voire des films lipidiques en surface de l’eau. Ces molécules actives peuvent être des huiles essentielles ou des combinaisons d’huiles essentielles.The clusters of very small phyllosilicate sheets serve as a support for the molecules of essential oils which are physically bound to the surface of the phyllosilicate sheets with an amphiphilic surfactant, this has the advantage of stabilizing these molecules and concentrating them. on their surface. The small size of the clusters of sheets thus makes it possible to widely disperse the active molecules, which when they are hydrophobic and of low density tend to group together to form large drops, or even lipid films on the surface of the water. These active molecules can be essential oils or combinations of essential oils.
Avantageusement, la taille D50 en nombre des particules est inférieure à 750 nm, préférentiellement inférieure à 200 nm et très préférentiellement inférieure à 100 nm.Advantageously, the size D50 in number of the particles is less than 750 nm, preferably less than 200 nm and very preferably less than 100 nm.
La diminution de taille des amas de feuillets de phyllosilicates a l’avantage de favoriser la dispersion des molécules actives tout en ayant une concentration locale élevée en molécule active, et ainsi de renforcer leur efficacité. À l’aide de ces feuillets de phyllosilicates de taille nanométrique, on augmente la surface de contact avec les huiles essentielles, qui restent labiles, car elles peuvent se désorber, ce qui favorise leur efficacité. Par ailleurs elles se retrouvent ainsi dispersées dans le volume d’eau sur leur support en phyllosilicate, et peuvent interagir avec les pathogènes.The reduction in size of the clusters of phyllosilicate sheets has the advantage of favoring the dispersion of the active molecules while having a high local concentration of active molecule, and thus of reinforcing their effectiveness. Using these nanometric size phyllosilicate sheets, we increase the contact surface with the essential oils, which remain labile, because they can be desorbed, which promotes their effectiveness. Moreover, they are thus dispersed in the volume of water on their phyllosilicate support, and can interact with pathogens.
Cette nano-dispersion aqueuse est très simple à mettre en œuvre dans un bassin d’eau aquacole ou dans des eaux de breuvage d’animaux terrestre. La petite taille des amas de feuillets facilite leur mise en suspension dans les eaux avec une sédimentation lente.This aqueous nano-dispersion is very simple to implement in an aquaculture water basin or in the drinking water of terrestrial animals. The small size of the clusters of sheets facilitates their suspension in water with slow sedimentation.
L’invention a aussi pour objet une nano-émulsion avec une phase aqueuse continue et une phase lipidique dispersée, dans laquelle la phase lipidique dispersée contient des lipides, des particules minérales constituées d’amas de feuillets de phyllosilicates gonflés par de l’eau et exfoliés, au moins une huile essentielle et un agent de dispersion amphiphile, et dans laquelle la taille D50 en nombre des gouttes de la phase lipidique dispersée est inférieure à 800 nm et de préférence inférieure à 300 nm.The invention also relates to a nano-emulsion with a continuous aqueous phase and a dispersed lipid phase, in which the dispersed lipid phase contains lipids, mineral particles consisting of clusters of phyllosilicate sheets swollen with water and exfoliated, at least one essential oil and one amphiphilic dispersing agent, and in which the size D50 in number of the drops of the dispersed lipid phase is less than 800 nm and preferably less than 300 nm.
L’eau de la phase lipidique est physisorbée entre les feuillets de phyllosilicates pour les gonfler (espace interfoliaire), ce qui permet d’atteindre des tailles de particules plus petites par exfoliation, et l’agent de dispersion, avec une partie hydrophile et une partie hydrophobe, est adsorbé à la surface des amas de feuillets par sa partie hydrophile. Cela rend partiellement hydrophobe les feuillets et cela permet une bonne dispersion des feuillets de phyllosilicates dans les lipides.The water of the lipid phase is physisorbed between the phyllosilicate sheets to swell them (interlayer space), which makes it possible to achieve smaller particle sizes by exfoliation, and the dispersing agent, with a hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part, is adsorbed on the surface of the clusters of sheets by its hydrophilic part. This makes the sheets partially hydrophobic and allows good dispersion of the phyllosilicate sheets in the lipids.
L’agent de dispersion amphiphile de la nano-dispersion aqueuse et de la nano-émulsion peut être choisi dans le groupe de l’éthyle lauroyl arginate (LAE), des tensioactifs cationiques à base d’arginine en 16 carbones et plus, des phospholipides, du ε-polylysine et leurs combinaisons.The amphiphilic dispersing agent of the aqueous nano-dispersion and of the nano-emulsion can be chosen from the group of ethyl lauroyl arginate (LAE), cationic surfactants based on arginine in 16 carbons and more, phospholipids , ε-polylysine and combinations thereof.
Avantageusement, l’agent de dispersion est un phosphoglycéride.Advantageously, the dispersing agent is a phosphoglyceride.
Très avantageusement, l’agent de dispersion est une phosphatidyle choline et préférentiellement la lécithine.Very advantageously, the dispersing agent is a phosphatidyl choline and preferentially lecithin.
Ces agents de dispersion vont se lier aux fonctions silanolates des phyllosilicates par la partie cationique de leur structure.These dispersing agents will bind to the silanolate functions of the phyllosilicates via the cationic part of their structure.
De préférence, les phyllosilicates de la nano-dispersion aqueuse et de la nano-émulsion ont majoritairement des cations de sodium en position interfoliaires.Preferably, the phyllosilicates of the aqueous nano-dispersion and of the nano-emulsion mainly have sodium cations in the interfoliar position.
Les cations de sodium interfoliaires ont l’avantage d’opposer moins de résistance à l’augmentation de la distance interfoliaire des feuillets phyllosilicates dits sodiques et ainsi de favoriser leur gonflement par des molécules d’eau ainsi que leur exfoliation. Les phyllosilicates sodiques présentent ainsi des avantages sur la taille de la dispersion pour obtenir des amas de feuillets plus petits, cela favorise les dispersions fines d’huile essentielle et ainsi on obtient un plus grand rapport surface sur volume des amas de phyllosilicates qui supportent les molécules actives d’huile essentielle, et cela augmente la statistique de rencontre entre les molécules actives et les pathogènes.The interfoliar sodium cations have the advantage of opposing less resistance to the increase in the interfoliar distance of the so-called sodium phyllosilicate sheets and thus of promoting their swelling by water molecules as well as their exfoliation. Sodium phyllosilicates thus have advantages on the size of the dispersion to obtain clusters of smaller sheets, this favors fine dispersions of essential oil and thus a greater surface-to-volume ratio of the phyllosilicate clusters which support the molecules is obtained. essential oil molecules, and this increases the encounter statistics between the active molecules and the pathogens.
Très préférentiellement, les phyllosilicates sont des smectites qui sont majoritairement des feuillets de montmorillonites.Very preferentially, the phyllosilicates are smectites which are mainly sheets of montmorillonites.
Avantageusement, la teneur en agent de dispersion amphiphile de la nano-dispersion aqueuse est comprise entre 0,2 et 2,0 % en poids relativement au poids des particules minérales.Advantageously, the amphiphilic dispersing agent content of the aqueous nano-dispersion is between 0.2 and 2.0% by weight relative to the weight of the mineral particles.
Avantageusement, la teneur en agent de dispersion de la phase lipidique dispersée de la nano-émulsion est avantageusement comprise entre 10 % et 400 % et préférentiellement entre 20 % et 300 % en poids relativement au poids de particules de la phase lipidique.Advantageously, the dispersing agent content of the dispersed lipid phase of the nano-emulsion is advantageously between 10% and 400% and preferably between 20% and 300% by weight relative to the weight of particles of the lipid phase.
Lorsque la teneur en agent de dispersion tel que de la lécithine est insuffisante, le caractère hydrophobe des particules d’argile est insuffisant, ce qui ne les stabilise pas dans la phase lipidiqueWhen the content of dispersing agent such as lecithin is insufficient, the hydrophobic character of the clay particles is insufficient, which does not stabilize them in the lipid phase.
À des teneurs en agent de dispersion trop élevées, on perd le caractère hydrophile des particules et les molécules d’huiles essentielles se retrouvent en compétition avec l’agent de dispersion à la surface des particules, ce qui ne favorise pas leur disponibilité à la surface des particules de phyllosilicates.At excessively high levels of dispersing agent, the hydrophilic nature of the particles is lost and the molecules of essential oils find themselves in competition with the dispersing agent on the surface of the particles, which does not favor their availability on the surface. phyllosilicate particles.
Pour des particules de phyllosilicates exfoliées avec une surface spécifique de l’ordre de 300 m2/g, la gamme préférentielle de teneur en agent de dispersion correspond à un taux de couverture des fonctions silanol par l’agent de dispersion compris entre 20 et 60 %, soit entre 30 et 130 % de la masse d’argile engagée à apporter en agent de dispersion tel que la lécithine de soja.For exfoliated phyllosilicate particles with a specific surface of the order of 300 m2/g, the preferred range of dispersing agent content corresponds to a rate of coverage of the silanol functions by the dispersing agent of between 20 and 60% , i.e. between 30 and 130% of the mass of clay used to provide a dispersing agent such as soy lecithin.
Avantageusement, la teneur en eau de la phase lipidique dispersée de la nano-émulsion est comprise entre 10 % et 300 % et préférentiellement entre 20 % et 200 % en poids relativement au poids de particules de la phase lipidique.Advantageously, the water content of the dispersed lipid phase of the nano-emulsion is between 10% and 300% and preferably between 20% and 200% by weight relative to the weight of particles of the lipid phase.
En-dessous de 10 % d’eau en poids relativement au poids des particules, les feuillets de phyllosilicates ne sont pas suffisamment prégonflés et il n’est pas possible d’obtenir une diminution suffisante des tailles de particules lors de leur exfoliation.Below 10% water by weight relative to the weight of the particles, the phyllosilicate sheets are not sufficiently pre-swollen and it is not possible to obtain a sufficient reduction in the particle sizes during their exfoliation.
Au-delà de 300 %, la quantité d’eau ne permet plus aux molécules de l’agent de dispersion de venir se lier physiquement à la surface des feuillets et les feuillets ne sont pas suffisamment hydrophobes pour servir de support aux molécules actives comme les huiles essentielles.Beyond 300%, the amount of water no longer allows the molecules of the dispersing agent to physically bind to the surface of the sheets and the sheets are not sufficiently hydrophobic to serve as a support for active molecules such as essential oils.
Les nano-dispersions aqueuses et les émulsions nanométriques peuvent être utilisées comme agent de décontamination d’eaux aquacoles et d’eaux de breuvage d’animaux terrestres, ou comme moyen de traitement préventif des pathologies chez l’animal au travers de son hydratation quotidienne, ou dans le traitement préventif des animaux contre le développement d’agents de contamination dans leur organisme. Ils peuvent ainsi servir pour protéger ces eaux de la prolifération d’agents pathogènes. Dans certaines applications indirectes, ces systèmes peuvent constituer un appétant pour inciter la prise d’eau des animaux.Aqueous nano-dispersions and nanometric emulsions can be used as an agent for decontaminating aquaculture water and drinking water for terrestrial animals, or as a means of preventive treatment of pathologies in animals through their daily hydration, or in the preventive treatment of animals against the development of contaminating agents in their organism. They can thus be used to protect these waters from the proliferation of pathogens. In certain indirect applications, these systems can constitute a palatant to encourage the water intake of animals.
Les émulsions nanométriques présentent l’avantage de pouvoir rester en suspension homogène sous la force de l’agitation thermique, ce qui permet de les stocker sur de longues périodes tout en restant très faciles à homogénéiser lors de leur utilisation.Nanometric emulsions have the advantage of being able to remain in homogeneous suspension under the force of thermal agitation, which allows them to be stored for long periods of time while remaining very easy to homogenize during their use.
Selon un autre mode d’utilisation, les nano-dispersions aqueuses et les émulsions nanométriques peuvent compléter un aliment, un complément alimentaire ou un premix.According to another mode of use, the aqueous nano-dispersions and the nanometric emulsions can complete a food, a food supplement or a premix.
Selon encore un autre mode d’utilisation, les dispersions aqueuses et les émulsions nanométriques peuvent être utilisées comme agent conservateur naturel, à base d’huiles essentielles pour des préparations ayant une forte activité de l’eau.According to yet another mode of use, aqueous dispersions and nanometric emulsions can be used as a natural preservative, based on essential oils for preparations having a high water activity.
L'activité de l'eau ne représente pas la teneur en eau (ou humidité) mais bien la disponibilité de cette eau. Plus l'activité de l'eau est élevée, plus la quantité d'eau libre est grande et plus les micro-organismes ont la capacité de se développer.Water activity does not represent the water content (or humidity) but rather the availability of this water. The higher the water activity, the greater the amount of free water and the greater the ability for microorganisms to grow.
Les émulsions nanométriques obtenues par cette approche sont des particules très stables mécaniquement, ainsi qu’au cours du temps, et peuvent être introduites facilement dans une extrudeuse pour être co-extrudées au cœur des aliments en granulés. Elles seront ainsi des véhicules idéaux pour l’incorporation d’huiles essentielles dans des aliments sous forme de premix, qui facilite la manipulation (car réduit le risque d’inhalation, ou d’évaporation des huiles essentielles). Les premix se retrouvent ainsi également sous une forme galénique qui favorise leur métabolisation avec des tailles de gouttes de l’ordre de la centaine de nanomètres.The nanometric emulsions obtained by this approach are very stable particles mechanically, as well as over time, and can be easily introduced into an extruder to be co-extruded at the heart of pelleted foods. They will thus be ideal vehicles for the incorporation of essential oils into foods in the form of a premix, which facilitates handling (because it reduces the risk of inhalation or evaporation of essential oils). The premixes are thus also found in a galenic form which promotes their metabolization with drop sizes of the order of a hundred nanometers.
Leur présence dans un aliment, un complément alimentaire ou un premix a l’avantage de favoriser la conservation dans le temps de ces aliments, compléments ou premix, les propriétés bactériostatiques des huiles essentielles sous forme de particules dispersées à l’échelle nanométrique constituent un avantage considérable dans la conservation des aliments, ce qui limite les recours aux traitements thermiques, qui dégradent la qualité nutritionnelle en particulier les micro-nutriments, ou aux agents de conservation qui peuvent être controversés malgré leur utilisation massive.Their presence in a food, a food supplement or a premix has the advantage of favoring the preservation over time of these foods, supplements or premix, the bacteriostatic properties of essential oils in the form of particles dispersed at the nanometric scale constitute an advantage considerable in the preservation of food, which limits the use of heat treatments, which degrade the nutritional quality in particular micro-nutrients, or preservatives which can be controversial despite their massive use.
L’invention a aussi pour objet un procédé de préparation d’une nano-émulsion, comportant les étapes suivantes :The invention also relates to a method for preparing a nano-emulsion, comprising the following steps:
- dissoudre l’agent de dispersion dans la phase aqueuse de la phase lipidique et obtenir une solution homogène ;- dissolve the dispersing agent in the aqueous phase of the lipid phase and obtain a homogeneous solution;
- ajouter les phyllosilicates et mélanger avec un pétrin la pâte obtenue ;- add the phyllosilicates and mix the dough obtained with a kneader;
- ajouter les lipides de la phase lipidique ;- add the lipids of the lipid phase;
- cisailler la composition obtenue ;- shearing the composition obtained;
- ajouter la phase aqueuse ;- add the aqueous phase;
- apporter de l’énergie de cisaillement pour obtenir une émulsion micrométrique ; et- provide shear energy to obtain a micrometric emulsion; and
- reprendre l’émulsion micrométrique avec un homogénéisateur haute pression ou un microfluidisateur pour obtenir une émulsion nanométrique.- resume the micrometric emulsion with a high pressure homogenizer or a microfluidizer to obtain a nanometric emulsion.
L'objectif de l'invention est un mode d’utilisation des huiles essentielles qui permet de limiter leur volatilité tout en ayant une grande efficacité avec des quantités utilisées maitrisées. Cette mise en œuvre des huiles essentielles dans une forme dispersée à l’échelle nanométrique de façon stable favorise la statistique de rencontre avec les pathogènes. Le stockage et l’incorporation des huiles essentielles dans des pratiques en nutrition animale seront grandement facilités par la stabilité et l’homogénéité des dispersions.The objective of the invention is a mode of use of essential oils which makes it possible to limit their volatility while having a high efficiency with controlled quantities used. This implementation of essential oils in a stably nanoscale dispersed form promotes pathogen encounter statistics. The storage and incorporation of essential oils into animal nutrition practices will be greatly facilitated by the stability and homogeneity of the dispersions.
Description des FiguresDescription of Figures
L’invention est décrite ci-après à l’aide des figures 1 à 8, données uniquement à titre d’illustration :The invention is described below with the aid of Figures 1 to 8, given solely by way of illustration:
[Fig. 6] présente la mesure de la taille de différentes argiles dispersées dans l’eau ;[Fig. 6] shows the measurement of the size of different clays dispersed in water;
Claims (14)
- dissoudre l’agent de dispersion dans la phase aqueuse de la phase lipidique et obtenir une solution homogène ;
- ajouter les phyllosilicates et mélanger avec un pétrin la pâte obtenue ;
- ajouter les lipides de la phase lipidique ;
- cisailler la composition obtenue ;
- ajouter la phase aqueuse ;
- apporter de l’énergie de cisaillement pour obtenir une émulsion micrométrique ; et
- reprendre l’émulsion micrométrique avec un homogénéisateur haute pression ou un microfluidisateur pour obtenir une émulsion nanométrique.
Process for the preparation of a nano-emulsion according to any one of Claims 3 to 9, comprising the following steps:
- dissolving the dispersing agent in the aqueous phase of the lipid phase and obtaining a homogeneous solution;
- add the phyllosilicates and mix the dough obtained with a kneader;
- add the lipids of the lipid phase;
- shearing the composition obtained;
- add the aqueous phase;
- provide shear energy to obtain a micrometric emulsion; and
- resume the micrometric emulsion with a high pressure homogenizer or a microfluidizer to obtain a nanometric emulsion.
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| FR2105032A FR3122836A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | AQUEOUS NANO-DISPERSIONS AND NANO-EMULSIONS for water treatment |
| PCT/FR2022/050909 WO2022238663A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Aqueous nanodispersions and nanoemulsions for water treatment |
| EP22730953.1A EP4337009A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Aqueous nanodispersions and nanoemulsions for water treatment |
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| FR2105032A FR3122836A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | AQUEOUS NANO-DISPERSIONS AND NANO-EMULSIONS for water treatment |
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| US20100272769A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2010-10-28 | Amcol International | Virus-, Bacteria-, and Fungi-Interacting Layered Phyllosilicates and Methods of Use |
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| CN111742981A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-09 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | Fresh bamboo shoot preservation coating agent and preparation method thereof |
| WO2021089971A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-14 | Huddle Corp | Feed or feed supplement for livestock animals |
-
2021
- 2021-05-12 FR FR2105032A patent/FR3122836A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 WO PCT/FR2022/050909 patent/WO2022238663A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-05-12 EP EP22730953.1A patent/EP4337009A1/en active Pending
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| US20100272769A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2010-10-28 | Amcol International | Virus-, Bacteria-, and Fungi-Interacting Layered Phyllosilicates and Methods of Use |
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| EP4337009A1 (en) | 2024-03-20 |
| WO2022238663A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
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