FR3114557A1 - Method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle. - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle. Method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle taking into account the need for complementary energy source(s) as a function of an electrical energy storage device on board the vehicle, in particular at the time of its departure, the at least one recommended route comprising at least one complementary energy source whose position is included in said route.Abstract figure: No figure.

Description

Method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle.

The invention relates to a method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle. The invention further relates to a system for planning a route of a vehicle and to a vehicle comprising such a system. The invention also relates to a computer program implementing the mentioned method.

Vehicles with electric or hybrid motorization are equipped with electrical energy storage devices to supply an electric motor with the energy necessary to move the vehicle forward. Such energy storage devices conventionally comprise a set of electrochemical cells commonly referred to as "batteries".

With a view to optimizing vehicle autonomy, the dimensions of storage devices may need to be increased, for example by multiplying the number of batteries they include. This results in a large bulk, an additional cost but also an excess weight likely to affect the autonomy of the vehicle during low-mileage journeys, for example less than 100 kilometers, not requiring such equipment.

Conventionally, the batteries of electric or hybrid vehicles are recharged by means of an external electrical energy supply source to which the battery is connected. A battery can then be recharged at a specific charging station, made available to the user, or connected to the mains at home.

Thus, when the autonomy of the vehicle does not allow a user to make a significant trip, for example of the order of 300 or 400 kilometers, the latter may have to recharge the battery of the vehicle during his trip. . Such recharging can nevertheless be accompanied by numerous drawbacks, in particular relating to the availability of equipment or terminals, to their compatibility or even to the time they require to allow adequate recharging, in particular depending on whether it is a "normal", fast (or "fast charge"), or ultra fast ("ultra fast charge") charging station.

In addition, it is known to equip vehicles with electrical energy storage devices comprising, on the one hand, at least one main electric battery, on board the vehicle at all times, and, on the other hand, one or more removable, interchangeable additional battery(ies), suitable for being installed and uninstalled from the vehicle as needed, thus advantageously making it possible to limit the size and weight of the vehicle during short journeys .

Such an exchange can be carried out at the user's home, when the latter has additional batteries, or at stations provided for this purpose. Similar to charging stations, a drawback of such stations remains the availability of additional batteries and the time required to exchange them.

The invention falls within this context and aims to propose a method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle taking into account the need to use additional sources of electrical energy, whether by recharging by through charging terminals or by changing and/or installing removable additional batteries, in order to offer at least one suitable and optimized route integrating such a phase of recharging or exchanging additional battery(ies).

To this end, the invention proposes a method for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle equipped with an electric energy storage device comprising an on-board electric main battery and at least one slot for a removable additional battery. , the method comprising the following steps:

- a destination information step;

- a step of calculating a minimum autonomy required A _m for the realization of at least one reference route connecting a starting position of the vehicle, detected or entered, and the destination;

- a step of estimating an initial autonomy A _t0 of the vehicle, defined on the basis of the electrical energy storage device on board the vehicle;

- a step of predicting a need for at least one additional energy source, in particular adding at least one additional removable battery to the storage device and/or recharging the storage device at a charging terminal, during movement between the departure position and the destination, the step of forecasting comprising a sub-step of comparing the initial autonomy with the minimum autonomy required A _m then a sub-step of calculating an additional autonomy required A _a ;

- a step of receiving data relating to a position, between the starting position and the destination, and to the availability of at least one additional source of energy;

- a step of establishing at least one recommended route i _r taking into account the need for an additional source of energy and the data relating to the at least one additional source of energy, the recommended route i _r passing through the position specific to the at least one complementary source of energy;

- A step for displaying the at least one recommended route i _r .

The step of establishing at least one recommended route i _r can establish a first recommended route i _r1 comprising the initial addition or replacement, prior to departure, of at least one removable additional battery and/or the addition or the replacement during the journey, between the starting position and the destination, of at least one removable additional battery.

Optionally, the step for establishing may comprise a sub-step for establishing at least one second recommended route i _r2 , i _rx distinct from the first recommended route i _r1 and which includes all or part of the following options:

- the addition or initial replacement, prior to departure, of at least one additional source of energy, in particular at least one removable additional battery or an additional recharge; and or

- the addition or replacement during the journey, between the departure position and the destination, of at least one additional source of energy, in particular at least one removable additional battery; and or

- at least partial recharging of the electrical energy storage device by means of at least one additional source of energy, in particular a charging terminal, during the journey, between the starting position and the destination.

Optionally, the forecasting step can include:

- a sub-step of information and/or consideration of at least one complementary energy source, in particular of at least one removable complementary battery and/or of an additional recharge of the storage device, intended to be integrated into the vehicle prior to its departure; and or

- a sub-step of determining a forecast capacity for recharging the storage device of the vehicle during a driving phase.

The forecasting step may further comprise a sub-step for calculating a forecast autonomy A _p taking into account such a forecast recharging capacity and/or the subsequent addition of at least one additional energy source and a sub-step for comparing the predicted range A _p with the minimum required range A _m .

Optionally, the method may comprise, prior to the display step, a step of calculating an estimated distance d _e and an estimated total time t _t of the at least one recommended route, the step calculation comprising, only when the prediction step indicates the need for at least one additional energy source, a sub-step for adjusting the estimated total time t _t so as to take into account an additional intervention time t _i on the electrical energy storage device, in particular a time for at least partial recharging of said device or a time for changing at least one additional removable battery of said device.

The method may further optionally include:

- a step of filling in data relating to the driver's profile and/or preferences, implemented prior to the step of filling in a destination; and or

- A step of receiving data relating to the path conditions, implemented prior to the step of establishing at least one recommended route i _r .

Optionally, the method may further comprise a step of reserving and/or proposing a reservation of at least one additional source of energy implemented only when the additional autonomy required A _has a value not zero.

Optionally, the method may further comprise a step of detecting a proximity, temporal and/or spatial, of at least one additional energy source implemented when the vehicle is in the rolling phase along the at least one recommended route i _r and only when the additional range required A _a has a non-zero value.

The invention also relates to a system for planning a route for a motor vehicle comprising the hardware and/or software elements implementing the method as described above, the hardware elements comprising at least one location means, a data processing, a management unit for at least one battery, in particular the main battery and/or at least one removable additional battery, and a display module.

The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, hybrid or electric, comprising an electric energy storage device which comprises an on-board main electric battery and at least one location for a removable additional battery, the vehicle further comprising the planning according to the invention.

The invention finally relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions recorded on a computer-readable medium for implementing the steps of the method as described above when said program is running on a computer or computer downloadable from a communications network and/or recorded on a data carrier readable by a computer and/or executable by a computer, characterized in that it comprises instructions which, when the program is executed by the computer , lead the latter to implement the method according to the invention.

Other details, characteristics and advantages will emerge more clearly on reading the detailed description given below, by way of indication and not limitation, in relation to the various embodiments illustrated in the following figures:

Figure 1 schematically shows one embodiment of a vehicle route planning system.

FIG. 2 is a general flowchart of a first mode of execution of a method for generating a route for a vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart detailing the steps of the first mode of execution of the method for generating a route.

Figure 4 is a flowchart detailing an alternative execution of the steps illustrated in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a flowchart detailing subsequent steps of the first mode of execution of the method illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.

FIG. 6 is a general flowchart detailing a second mode of execution of the method for generating a route.

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a system 1 for planning a route for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid motorization, while FIGS. 2 to 6 illustrate modes and variants of execution of a method 100 of generation of a route for a motor vehicle, in particular electric or hybrid. The method 100 of generation can also be considered as being a method 100 of operating the system 1 for planning a route according to the invention or as a method 100 of operating a motor vehicle equipped with such a system 1.

The vehicle comprises an electrical energy storage device 2 configured to supply an electric motor with the energy necessary to move the vehicle forward. The storage device 2 comprises at least one electrochemical cell, also called "battery" throughout the description below.

In particular, in the vehicle considered, the storage device 2 comprises a main electric battery 21, on board the vehicle at all times. By way of non-limiting example, such a main battery 21 can give the vehicle a range of around 180-200 kilometres.

In addition, the storage device 2 is advantageously configured so as to be able to be fitted with one or more additional battery(ies) 22 that are removable and interchangeable. To this end, the storage device 2 comprises at least one slot 25 for an additional removable battery 22. “Removable” means that such batteries can be installed or removed from the vehicle as needed. In this way, depending on the type of journey envisaged, and therefore the autonomy required, the vehicle can be equipped only with the main battery 21, thus optimizing the weight of the vehicle, or can include one or more additional batteries 22 so increase vehicle range.

Such additional batteries 22 can be obtained both when purchasing the vehicle and independently of it, thus offering the possibility of advantageously reducing the initial cost of the vehicle. They each provide, for example, an additional range of around 25 to 30 kilometres.

Such complementary batteries 22 can advantageously be rented or exchanged in infrastructures, such as stations, provided for this purpose. These additional batteries 22 can also be made available by individuals, for example also owners of vehicles capable of carrying one or more removable additional batteries 22.

The main battery 21 like the additional batteries 22 can also be recharged, either via specific charging terminals 23, made available to the user in the public space, or by connection to the sector of the residence of the user. In particular, the additional batteries 22 can, when they are not on board the vehicle, be used as storage elements for green energy produced within the home.

The vehicle comprises the system 1 for planning a route which comprises the hardware and/or software elements implementing the method 100 according to the invention. Said hardware elements comprise at least one location means 3, a data processing unit 4, a management unit 5 of the electrical energy storage device 2, in particular of at least one battery, and a display module 6 of the planning system 1.

The location means 3 allows the location of the vehicle in the road infrastructure. It integrates, for example, an approximate vehicle location system and/or high-definition mapping of the road infrastructure. In particular, the approximate location of the vehicle can be provided by a GPS type system, the acronym “Global Positioning system”. Alternatively or in addition, the localization means 3 can be a localization system embedded in the vehicle, which permanently integrates the movements of the vehicle.

The processing unit 4 comprises at least one calculation unit 41 comprising hardware and software resources, more precisely at least one processor or microprocessor, cooperating with memory elements. This calculation unit 41 is capable of executing instructions for the implementation of a computer program.

The management unit 5 of the electrical energy storage device 2 is configured to ensure the monitoring, on an ad hoc basis or in real time, of a state of one or more batteries of the storage device 2, in particular of at least the main battery 21. In particular, the management unit 5 can comprise one or more sensor(s) capable of detecting the presence, that is to say the installation, or not of one or more several complementary battery(ies) 22 removable in the slot(s) 25 provided for this purpose in the storage device 2 and/or capable of measuring a state of charge of the storage device 2.

The display module 6 may comprise a screen capable of broadcasting, in a non-limiting manner, information relating to at least one route and/or information relating to a state of the storage device 2 and/or a location map of the vehicle .

In addition, the system 1 can comprise, optionally but preferentially, a communication module 7 enabling the vehicle to receive and/or transmit data by means of a wireless, low-frequency or high-frequency link. It may, for example, be a wireless link based on “cellular” or “Wifi” technologies.

Also, the system 1 can be configured so as to integrate a warning module 8 capable of disseminating information. The warning module 8 can in particular broadcast a message and/or a signal in the form of a broadcast:

- sound, for example by means of a loudspeaker, and/or

- visual, for example by means of the display module 6, and/or

- haptic, for example vibratory, for example by means of an element capable of emitting vibrations included in the driver's seat or at the level of at least one control element of the vehicle, for example the steering wheel.

The system 1 can also comprise a memory or a storage space constituting a recording medium readable by a computer, or by the computer of the processing unit 4, comprising instructions which, when they are executed by the computer or the computer, lead the latter to implement the method 100 as described below or a data recording medium, readable by a computer, on which is recorded a computer program comprising code instructions process implementation program 100.

Within such a system 1, the processing unit 4 is connected to the management unit 5 so as to receive and process information relating to the storage device 2 of electrical energy. In addition, the processing unit 4 is connected to the location means 3. The processing unit 4 is connected to the communication module 7 so as to receive data, in particular relating to complementary energy sources, or so as to send data, for example with a view to a reservation of such an additional source. Finally, processing unit 4 is also connected to warning module 8.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program comprising program code instructions for the execution of the steps of this method 100 when said program is executed by a computer, for example the processing unit 4, or produced computer program downloadable from a communication network and/or recorded on a data medium readable by a computer and/or executable by a computer.

FIGS. 2 to 5 illustrate an embodiment and variant executions of the method 100 for generating a route for a motor vehicle, in particular electric or hybrid, implemented by the planning system 1 as previously exposed. .

The method 100 according to the invention is particularly configured so as to allow an evaluation of the capacity of the vehicle to make a journey according to the on-board battery(ies) within its electrical energy storage device 2 at the time of departure, it i.e. at t0. The method 100 according to the invention is thus configured so as to allow the generation of at least one recommended route taking into account the need for access to available complementary sources of energy, in particular charging stations 23 or complementary batteries 22 removable.

To this end, the method 100 initially comprises a step E1 of informing of a desired destination. The destination can, for example, be entered by manual entry via the display module 6 or by voice command.

The system then executes a step E2 of calculating a minimum range A _m required of the vehicle for carrying out at least one route connecting a starting position of the vehicle and said destination. In particular, the starting position can be detected, for example by the location means 3 of the vehicle, and/or entered by the user in particular by manual entry or by voice command.

The system 1, particularly the processing unit 4 can, according to an exemplary embodiment, calculate the minimum required autonomy A _m by implementing a generation sub-step E20 of at least one reference route, by way of example a plurality of reference routes, connecting the starting position to the destination then a sub-step E21 of estimating an optimal distance from the at least one reference route so as to extract a required minimum autonomy value A _m .

“Optimal distance” means, for example, the shortest distance among one or more distances d _x1 to d _xn specific to one or more alternative reference route(s) i _x1 to i _xn generated .

Alternatively or additionally, the calculation step E2 may comprise the sub-step E20 of generating at least one reference route as previously explained and a sub-step of determining E21' an optimal time of the at least one reference route, for example from a plurality of reference routes, in order to extract a required minimum range value A _m .

The term "optimal time" means the shortest time among one or more times t _x1 to t _xn specific to one or more alternative reference route(s) i _x1 to i _xn generated.

In particular, the minimum required autonomy A _m thus extracted is equal or substantially equal to the distance and/or to the optimal time of the at least one reference route. By way of example, the value of the required minimum autonomy A _m can, in addition, take into account data stored in the planning system and/or coming from the location means 3 relating to the driving of the user, the type(s) of road infrastructure(s) likely to be traveled or any other criteria likely to affect the range of the vehicle, as listed below .

The system 1 then operates a step E31 of estimating an initial range A _t0 of the vehicle. The initial autonomy A _t0 is defined on the basis of the electrical energy storage device 2 on board the vehicle during the implementation of step E31, that is to say on the basis of the main battery 21, on board at all times, or even one or more removable additional batteries 22 depending on whether or not the storage device 2 includes this (these) in addition to the main battery 21.

The estimating step E31 comprises at least one sub-step E311 of detecting in real time a state of charge, or “SOC” (“State of Charge”), of the storage device 2. A such state of charge of a battery is directly linked to the energy stored by the battery. It varies from 0%, corresponding to an "empty" battery, to 100% for a fully charged battery.

In particular, the planning system 1 can detect, for example via a sensor or several sensors, the installation, the connection and/or the state of charge of a complementary battery 22 in the storage device 2 during the implementation of step E31.

The system 1 then executes a step E4 of forecasting the need for at least one additional energy source, in particular an addition of at least one removable additional battery 22 to the storage device 2 and/or a recharging of the storage device 2 at a charging station, when moving between the starting position and the destination.

The prediction step E4 comprises, initially, a sub-step E40 of comparing the initial autonomy A _t0 of the vehicle with the required minimum autonomy A _m .

The system then executes a sub-step E45 of calculation of a required additional autonomy A _a , corresponding to a minimum additional autonomy necessary for carrying out the reference route without difficulty. The additional required autonomy A _a is obtained in particular by subtracting the initial autonomy A _t0 from the minimum required autonomy A _m .

Such a sub-step E45 can in particular be implemented only when the initial autonomy A _t0 of the vehicle has a value lower than the required minimum autonomy A _m . The calculation sub-step E45 can thus be omitted when the initial range A _t0 of the vehicle has a value greater than or substantially equal, as previously defined, to the minimum required range A _m .

FIG. 4 illustrates a variant execution of the method 100 in which the prediction step E4 can optionally comprise, successively to the comparison substep E40, a substep of information, by the user, and/or of taking into account E41 by the system 1 of at least one additional energy source intended to be integrated into the vehicle prior to its departure. In other words, such an additional source of energy is added between the implementation of the method 100 according to the invention and the departure of the vehicle at t0. In particular, such an added complementary energy source can consist of at least one removable complementary battery 22 and/or of an additional recharge of the storage device 2, so as to increase its state of charge.

The user can, by way of non-limiting example, enter a number of additional batteries 22 that he plans to install in anticipation of departure and/or an additional recharging time planned prior to departure.

Such a sub-step E41 can be performed by touch input via the display module 6 or by voice command. The system 1 is thus able to take into account both batteries, main or additional, on board at the time of execution of the method 100, and additional batteries 22 stored, for example at the user's home, available and likely to be installed in the storage device 2 at the time of departure.

Optionally, the prediction step E4 can, alternatively or in combination, comprise at least one sub-step E42 of determining a predicted recharging capacity of the storage device 2 of the vehicle during a driving phase , that is to say when he is in a driving situation.

In other words, for vehicles equipped accordingly, the planning system 1 can evaluate a partial recharge capacity of the storage device 2, whether of the main battery 21 or of any additional battery 22 on board, during " regeneration periods. Indeed, to increase the autonomy of the vehicle during its use, the latter can implement the recharging of the storage device 2 of electrical energy by using the energy of the braking of the vehicle, for example when the vehicle slows down or even when the vehicle is going down a hill. The electric motor of the vehicle is then used as a generator and the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into useful electrical energy for the partial recharging of the storage device 2 during short regeneration periods.

Therefore, when the vehicle is capable of allowing the storage device 2 to be recharged during the regeneration phase and/or when the user plans the subsequent addition of an energy source prior to departure, the step of forecast E4 may comprise a sub-step E43 of calculation of a forecast autonomy A _p adjusting the initial autonomy A _t0 . The predicted autonomy A _p takes into account the predicted recharging capacity of the vehicle during the regeneration periods and/or the subsequent addition of at least one additional energy source as explained above.

The predicted range A _p thus obtained is then compared with the minimum required range A _m during a comparison sub-step E44.

Then, as explained previously, the system executes the sub-step E45 of calculating a required additional autonomy A _a . In such a variant embodiment, the additional autonomy required A _a is obtained by subtracting the forecast autonomy A _p from the minimum autonomy required A _m . In particular, the calculation sub-step E45 can be executed only when the predicted range A _p has a value lower than the minimum required range A _m .

In other words, when the vehicle is capable of carrying out regeneration phases and/or when the user plans the subsequent addition of an additional source of energy prior to departure, the additional range required A _a is calculated by taking into account the predicted autonomy A _p whereas when the vehicle does not have such means, the additional autonomy required A _a is calculated by taking into account the initial autonomy A _t0 .

In particular, optionally, the system 1 can be configured so as to execute the sub-steps E41, E42, E43, E44 and E45 only when the initial autonomy A _t0 of the vehicle has a value lower than the minimum required autonomy A _m . The calculation sub-step E45 can thus be omitted when the initial range A _t0 of the vehicle has a value greater than or substantially equal to the minimum required range A _m .

Independently of the mode of execution implemented, the sub-step E45 of calculating the additional autonomy required A _a can then be succeeded by a sub-step E46 of estimating a quantity of additional batteries 22 necessary and/or or a recharging time necessary to obtain such additional autonomy required A _a during the journey between the starting position and the destination. Such a sub-step can, in particular, be executed conditionally similar to steps E41 to E45, that is to say it can be implemented only when the initial range A _t0 of the vehicle has a value lower than the required minimum range A _m or when the initial range A _t0 and/or the projected range A _p of the vehicle has a value lower than the required minimum range A _{m .}

Successively to the prediction step E4, the system 1 implements a step E5 of receiving data relating to the position and the availability of the at least one complementary energy source, that is to say at least one charging station and/or at least one removable additional battery.

“Position” means a location, for example defined by GPS coordinates, of the additional energy source in the road infrastructure, particularly between the starting position and the destination. “Availability” means a status assigned to the additional energy source corresponding to the possibility of use, occasionally or for a predefined period, such as a recharging time, of the additional energy source.

In particular, the reception step E5 can be implemented simultaneously or successively to all or part of the forecasting step E4.

In particular, the system can be configured so as to execute the reception step E5 conditionally. In particular, according to different alternatives, the reception step E5 can be implemented only when the initial autonomy A _t0 has a value lower than the minimum required autonomy A _m and/or only when the additional autonomy A _a of the vehicle has a non-zero value.

Similarly, with respect to the alternative embodiment as illustrated in FIG. 4, such a step E5 can be implemented only when the predicted range A _p has a value lower than the minimum required range A _m . Alternatively or additionally, in such a variant, step E5 can be implemented only when the initial autonomy A _t0 has a value lower than the minimum required autonomy A _m and/or only when the additional autonomy A _a of the vehicle has a non-zero value.

Optionally and independently of the variant implemented, the system 1 can, in addition, receive data relating to characteristics of the at least one complementary energy source such as its model or the availability of accessories such as adapters or connector. Such data can in particular allow the optimization of the calculations carried out during the estimation sub-step E46 when the step E5 is carried out at least in part simultaneously with the forecasting step E4.

By way of example, the calculation of the quantity of complementary batteries 22 can take into account the type of batteries used, that is to say the planning system 1 can be configured so as to receive data relating to a battery model and/or average battery life. Such data may, by way of non-limiting example, come from databases, websites or booking sites for such additional batteries 22.

Similarly, the calculation of a recharge time, partial or not, of the storage device 2 can take into account different types of recharge or charging terminals 23. Fast charging terminals 23, or “fast charge” implementing electrical powers generally greater than 50 kW, or ultra fast charging terminals 23, in English “ultra fast charge”, involving electrical powers of up to 200 kW.

Optionally, the prediction step E4 may comprise at least one sub-step of transmission, not shown, of an alert message, visual and/or audible, only implemented when the initial autonomy A _t0 of the vehicle has a value less than or equal to the required minimum autonomy A _m . Alternatively, such a sub-step can be executed only when the predicted range A _p has a value less than or equal to the minimum required range A _m . According to another alternative, such a sub-step can be performed only when the additional range A _a of the vehicle has a non-zero value.

To do this, the processing unit 4 generates an alert message which is transmitted to the warning module 8 provided for broadcasting information included in this message to the driver. This alert message may, as explained above, comprise a light signal, for example displayed on the display module 6, and/or sound, for example transmitted via a loudspeaker, and/or haptic, which can in particular be implemented by the driver's seat and/or the steering wheel.

Once the forecast E4 and/or E5 data reception steps have been completed, the system 1 executes a step E6 for establishing at least one recommended route i _r . Such a recommended route i _r takes into account the need for an additional energy source and the data relating to the at least one additional energy source, more specifically at least its position and its availability. The at least one recommended route i _r thus generated is particularly characterized in that it passes through the position specific to the at least one complementary energy source.

In particular, the step E6 of establishing at least one recommended route i _r , establishes a first route i _r1 which advantageously comprises the initial addition or replacement, prior to departure, of at least one additional removable battery 22 and / or the addition or replacement during the journey, between the starting position and the destination, of at least one removable additional battery 22.

Optionally, step E6 may include a sub-step E61 for establishing at least one second recommended route i _r2 , i _rx , distinct from the first recommended route i _r1 .

The term “separate recommended routes” means both routes presenting distinct routes, or routes, and routes offering an identical route, or route, but characterized either by one or more complementary energy source(s) of distinct types either by one or more complementary energy source(s) of the same type but having distinct positions in the road infrastructure, in particular along the at least one recommended route.

Optionally, such a second route i _r2 can include all or part of the following options:

- the initial addition or replacement, prior to departure, of at least one additional source of energy, in particular at least one removable additional battery 22 or an additional recharge; and or

- the addition or replacement during the journey, between the starting position and the destination, of at least one additional source of energy, in particular at least one removable additional battery 22; and or

- the at least partial recharging of the storage device 2 of electrical energy by means of at least one additional source of energy, in particular a charging terminal 23, during the journey, between the starting position and the destination.

Optionally but preferentially, the method 100 comprises, successively or simultaneously with the step E6 of establishing at least one recommended route i _r , a step E7 of calculating an estimated distance d _e and a total time estimated t _e , at least based on the estimated distance d _e , necessary for carrying out the at least one recommended route i _r .

In addition, only when the prediction step E4 indicates the need for at least one additional energy source, the calculation step E7 can include a sub-step E71 for adjusting the estimated total time so as to take into account account an additional intervention time t _i on the electrical energy storage device 2, such an additional time t _i corresponding in particular to an at least partial recharge time of said device and/or to a changeover time of at least an additional removable battery 22 of said device.

In particular, such an additional time t _i can be transmitted to the communication unit of the system 1 and processed by the processing unit 4. By way of example, such an additional time t _i can come from a database data, from a manufacturer's site or from a site specific to the station providing the additional energy source(s).

Alternatively or additionally, such an additional time t _i can come from the memory included in the vehicle and result from a learning of the system 1, the additional time t _i having, by way of example, been recorded during a previous cycle implementation of the method 100 for generating a route according to the invention and/or during an intervention aimed at recharging and/or exchanging, at least in part, the on-board storage device 2.

The planning system 1 then performs a step E8 of displaying the at least one recommended route i _r on the display module 6. Optionally, the system 1 can be configured so as to allow the display of a plurality recommended routes i _rx , in particular at least the first route i _r1 , or even at least the first route i _r1 and/or the second route i _r2 as previously explained.

Advantageously, during the display step E8, the system can be configured so as to display the data relating to at least one complementary energy source.

By way of non-limiting example, during the display step E8, the system 1 can be configured so as to display a map of at least one recommended route i _r and, optionally, all or part of the following information relating to each recommended route:

- the estimated total time t_you ;

- the estimated distance d_e ;

- the position of the complementary energy source(s) in the road infrastructure;

- the availability of the complementary energy source(s);

- the additional intervention time t _i specific to the additional energy source(s).

Advantageously, the position of the source(s) of complementary energy(s) of the recommended route i _r can be stored in the memory of the vehicle.

Thus, in particular, in the case of a return route, the method for generating a route can be configured so as to establish, during the establishment step E6, at least one recommended route i _r passing through the position of the source(s) of complementary energy(s) recorded beforehand, in particular of the continuations of a completed corresponding outward journey which corresponds to a past execution cycle of the method according to the invention. Such an option, for example, allows the driver or the user to return to its owner or lessor a removable additional battery 22 recovered during said outward journey.

Other optional steps that can be integrated into the method 100 for generating a route according to the invention are described below, such alternatives being illustrated in FIG. 6. It is understood that such steps can be integrated independently or in combination with each other within the method 100 as previously explained.

In particular, the method 100 can comprise a step of filling in E0 data relating to the profile and/or to the preferences of the user. Such a step can, for example, be implemented prior to the destination information step E1.

Data relating to the user's profile and/or preferences may, without limitation, relate to one or more characteristics among:

- a user's preferred driving mode, such as "sporty", "economic" or "comfort";

- the use or not of one or more driving assistance system(s), or ADAS for "Advanced driver-assistance systems", such as adaptive cruise control or ACC ("Adaptive Cruise Control ");

- a preference for a type of journey depending on the road infrastructures involved, for example depending on whether the journey includes toll roads, departmental, national or rural roads, or whether the journey bypasses or crosses a built-up area;

- a preference for a type of complementary energy source.

The method 100 may also include a step E0′ of receiving data relating to the journey conditions, such a step E0′ being implemented prior to the step E6 of establishing at least one recommended route. The data transmitted may relate in particular to traffic conditions, weather conditions, the terrain or pre-programmed preferred routes. These data can in particular be transmitted via the communication module 7 and/or the location means 3 and/or the memory of the system 1, on an ad hoc basis or in real time.

Such data, whether entered or transmitted, can advantageously be taken into account during the step E4 of establishing the at least one recommended route i _r in order to optimize it. Furthermore, such data can be taken into account during the implementation of the step E7 for calculating the estimated total time t _t of the at least one recommended route i _r .

Other data for optimizing the at least one recommended route i _r may also relate to preprogrammed characteristics relating to the vehicle, such as the pre-conditioning of the passenger compartment, a volume or number of available spaces, intended (s) the addition of additional removable batteries 22, or even the weight on board at the time of departure.

Optionally, the step E6 for establishing at least one recommended route i _r can comprise an automated selection sub-step E62, visible in FIG. 5, of at least one optimal recommended route from among the at least one route i _r recommended or the plurality of recommended routes i _rx , such a selection taking into account the data entered and/or the data transmitted.

In addition, the method 100 may comprise, subsequent to the display step E8, a step of selecting, not shown, automatic or manual, a desired route, from among the at least one recommended route i _r or the plurality of recommended routes i _rx .

The planning system 1 can, moreover, be configured in order to implement a step of reservation E9 and/or proposal of a reservation of at least a complementary energy source. In particular, such a step can be executed only when the required additional autonomy value A a _has a non-zero value.

Such a reservation step E9 can preferably be initiated later than the step for establishing at least one route E6, for example later than the display step E8. It is in particular implemented by the processing unit 4 and the communication module 7, for example so as to send reservation data to a site and/or a database provided for this purpose. .

Optionally, such a reservation step E9 may comprise sub-step E90 of sending a visual and/or audible and/or haptic alert message, indicating insufficient range of the vehicle.

Optionally, the reservation step E9 can comprise a sub-step E91 for defining a type and/or a model of additional energy source desired, for example a type of recharge from among normal, fast or ultra fast, a model of adapter or charging connector, a model of additional 22 removable batteries or any other.

Advantageously, the planning system 1 can be configured to implement a step E10 of detecting a proximity, temporal and/or spatial, of at least one additional energy source implemented when the vehicle is in the rolling phase. along the at least one recommended route i _r and only when the additional range required A _a has a non-zero value.

To this end, the planning system 1 may comprise detection means configured so as to detect a complementary energy source having a spatial and/or temporal proximity relative to the vehicle moving along the route, that is to say that is to say having a position in the road infrastructure between the departure position and the destination. By way of example, such a detection means can be integrated into the location means 3 and/or into the communication module 7.

In particular, the detection means can be configured so as to detect an additional energy source present at a distance less than a detection distance d _d and/or a detection time t _d , corresponding to a time remaining in the vehicle, at its current longitudinal rolling speed, before reaching said additional energy source. In other words, the detection means detects one or more complementary energy source(s) in a spatial and/or temporal perimeter surrounding the moving vehicle.

In particular, according to an exemplary embodiment, the detection step E10 can comprise a sub-step E101 of sending at least one alert message to the driver of the vehicle when an additional energy source is detected at proximity.

Optionally, not shown, the method according to the invention can be configured so as to allow, during a driving phase, in particular along the at least one route i _r , a step of adjusting the minimum autonomy required A _m . Such an adjustment may, for example, take into account data relating to the user's driving and/or the type(s) of road infrastructure(s) traveled and /or the journey conditions as previously explained. In other words, such an adjustment can be configured so as to take into account one or more characteristic(s) likely to affect the range of the vehicle.

The method can then, by way of non-limiting example, again implement at least the forecasting step E4, as explained previously, during the rolling phase. The system can then execute all or part of the successive steps in the forecasting step E4 as explained above, so as to allow, for example, the establishment of at least one updated recommended route and its display. Such an option advantageously makes it possible to take into account a variation of the required minimum autonomy A _m , or even of the additional required autonomy A _a , and thus to adjust the route traveled by the vehicle so as to take into account the need at least one additional source of energy which was not initially planned at the time of departure. It is understood that such an option can extend to all of the different variants of the method according to the invention set out in the present description.

The present invention thus proposes a method for generating a route of a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid motorization taking into account a need for additional energy source(s) according to a storage device of electrical energy on board the vehicle, in particular at the time of its departure, the at least one recommended route comprising at least one complementary energy source whose position is included along said route.

The method according to the invention thus makes it possible to optimize the weight and the autonomy of the electrical energy storage device, in particular whether or not it includes removable additional batteries, according to the destination entered and the recommended route. , that is to say according to the path to be taken. The motor vehicle, hybrid or electric, can thus circulate with a storage device comprising a simple main battery when the need for autonomy is low or integrate one or more additional sources of energy, whether refills or batteries removable accessories, for occasional journeys requiring more autonomy.

Such a method thus advantageously makes it possible to offer more affordable vehicles on the market, the storage device of which has an initially lower but adjustable autonomy according to need.

The present invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and it also extends to any equivalent means or configuration and to any technically effective combination of such means insofar as they ultimately fulfill the functions described and illustrated. in this document.

Claims (11)

Method (100) for generating a route for an electric or hybrid vehicle equipped with an electric energy storage device (2) comprising an on-board electric main battery (21) and at least one location (25) for a removable complementary battery (22), the method (100) comprising the following steps:
- a step of information (E1) of a destination;
- a calculation step (E2) of a minimum autonomy required (A _m ) for the realization of at least one reference route connecting a starting position of the vehicle, detected or entered, and the destination;
- a step of estimating (E31) an initial range (A _t0 ) of the vehicle, defined on the basis of the electrical energy storage device (2) on board the vehicle;
- a step of predicting (E4) a need for at least one additional energy source, in particular an addition of at least one additional removable battery (22) to the storage device (2) and/or a recharging of the storage device (2) at a charging station (23), during movement between the starting position and the destination, the step of forecasting (E4) comprising a sub-step of comparing (E40) the initial range (A _t0 ) with the required minimum autonomy (A _m ) then a calculation sub-step (E45) of a required additional autonomy (A _a );
- a step of receiving (E5) data relating to a position, between the starting position and the destination, and to an availability of the at least one complementary source of energy;
- a step of establishing (E6) at least one recommended route (i _r ) taking into account the need for an additional source of energy and the data relating to the at least one additional source of energy, l recommended route (i _r ) passing through the position specific to the at least one complementary source of energy;
- A display step (E8) of the at least one recommended route (i _r ). Method (100) according to the preceding claim, in which the step of establishing (E6) at least one recommended route (i _r ) establishes a first recommended route (i _r1 ) comprising the initial addition or replacement, previously at the start, of at least one additional removable battery (22) and/or the addition or replacement during the journey, between the starting position and the destination, of at least one additional removable battery (22). Method (100) according to the preceding claim, in which the step of establishing (E6) comprises a sub-step of establishing (E61) at least one second recommended route (i _r2 , i _rx ) distinct from the first (i _r1 ) recommended and which includes all or part of the following options:
- the addition or initial replacement, prior to departure, of at least one additional source of energy, in particular of at least one additional removable battery (22) or of an additional recharge; and or
- the addition or replacement during the journey, between the starting position and the destination, of at least one additional energy source, in particular at least one removable additional battery; and or
- at least partial recharging of the electrical energy storage device (2) by means of at least one additional source of energy, in particular a charging terminal (23), during the journey, between the starting position and the destination. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the forecasting step (E4) comprises:
- a sub-step of information and/or taking into account (E41) of at least one additional source of energy, in particular of at least one additional removable battery (22) and/or of an additional recharging of the device storage, intended to be integrated into the vehicle prior to its departure; and or
- a determination sub-step (E42) of a predicted recharging capacity of the storage device (2) of the vehicle during a driving phase;
- the step of forecasting (E4) further comprising a sub-step of calculating (E43) a forecast autonomy (A _p ) taking into account such a forecast capacity of recharging and/or the subsequent addition of at least one complementary energy source and a comparison sub-step (E44) of the forecast autonomy (A _p ) with the minimum autonomy required (A _m ). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the method (100) comprises, prior to the display step (E8), a step of calculating (E7) an estimated distance (d _e ) and of an estimated total time (t _t ) of the at least one recommended route, the calculating step (E7) comprising, only when the forecasting step (E4) indicates the need for at least one source of complementary energy, a sub-step of adjustment (E71) of the estimated total time (t _t ) so as to take into account an additional time of intervention (t _i ) on the electrical energy storage device (2), in particular a time for at least partial recharging of said device or a time for changing at least one additional removable battery (22) of said device. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising:
- a step of information (E0) of data relating to the profile and/or preferences of the driver, implemented prior to the step of information (E1) of a destination; and or
- a step of receiving (E0') data relating to the journey conditions, implemented prior to the step of establishing (E6) at least one recommended route (i _r ). Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of reserving (E9) and/or proposing a reservation of at least one complementary energy source implemented only when the additional autonomy required (A _a ) has a non-zero value. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of detecting (E10) a temporal and/or spatial proximity of at least one complementary energy source implemented when the vehicle is in the taxiing phase along the at least one recommended route (i _r ) and only when the additional range required (A _a ) has a non-zero value. System (1) for planning a route for a motor vehicle comprising the hardware and/or software elements implementing the method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, the hardware elements comprising at least one location means ( 3), a data processing unit (4), a management unit (5) for at least one battery, in particular the main battery (21) and/or at least one removable additional battery (22), and a module display (7). Hybrid or electric motor vehicle comprising an electrical energy storage device (2) which comprises an on-board main electric battery (21) and at least one location (25) for a removable additional battery (22), the vehicle further comprising , the planning system (1) according to the preceding claim. Computer program product comprising program code instructions recorded on a computer-readable medium for carrying out the steps of the method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when said program is running on a computer or program product computer downloadable from a communication network and/or recorded on a data carrier readable by a computer and/or executable by a computer, characterized in that it comprises instructions which, when the program is executed by the computer, lead it to implement the method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.