FR3101684A1 - Improved lubrication and cooling device for aircraft turbomachine bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

Improved lubrication and cooling device for aircraft turbomachine bearings Lubricating and cooling device for aircraft turbomachine bearings, comprising an upstream circuit (10) taking working liquid from a reservoir (50) and conveying it to a branch, a cooling circuit (20) comprising a first end (22a) connected to the branch, and a second discharge end (22b), the cooling circuit (20) being configured to surround at least partially an outer ring of at least one bearing (1b) disposed downstream of the branch, being in contact with said outer ring so as to cool said bearing (1b), and a lubrication circuit (11) separate from the circuit cooling (20), comprising a first end (11a) connected to the branch, and at least a second injection end (11b) for injecting the working fluid on said bearing (1 b) so as to lubricate said bearing (1b), the cooling circuit (20) and the lubrication circuit (11) being in fluid communication with the upstream circuit (10) via the branch. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 2.

Description

Improved lubricating and cooling device for aircraft turbine engine bearings

This presentation concerns the field of rotating mechanical elements of aircraft turbine engines. More specifically, the present presentation relates to a device for lubricating and cooling mechanical bearings of a turbomachine, and a turbomachine comprising such a device.

In a known manner, aircraft turbomachines comprise a gearbox for driving several accessories of the turbine or ancillary equipment, such as in particular various pumps for the production of hydraulic energy, fuel supply, lubrication, electric generators for the production of electric power, etc. Such a box is commonly called AGB for “Accessory GearBox” in English.

In a manner known per se, this housing comprises one or more gear trains each having several toothed wheels and which are driven in rotation by a power transmission shaft, the latter being coupled to a shaft of the turbine. Each accessory is generally mounted against one of the side faces of the case and comprises a supply shaft which is coupled to one of the toothed wheels of the gear train or trains. During operation of the turbine, part of the mechanical power generated is taken from the turbine shaft and transmitted via the power transmission shaft and the gear trains to the various accessories mounted on the housing to actuate them. Such a drive unit is for example described in the document FR2928696.

Furthermore, each shaft carrying a toothed wheel is supported and guided in rotation by two rolling bearings, these bearings being fixed on a support secured to a peripheral edge of the housing. In particular, these mechanical bearings comprise an outer ring fixed to the housing, and an inner ring fixed to a rotating shaft carrying a toothed wheel. The inner ring rotates inside the outer ring by means of rolling elements, for example balls or rollers. These rotating mechanical elements need to be lubricated and cooled.

In known architectures, a lubrication and cooling circuit feeds a series of jets, projecting oil onto the bearings. This oil allows both lubrication and cooling of these elements. The oil thus projected into the casing enclosure is then collected and sucked up in the lower part of the casing enclosure. The splashing of oil inside the housing also generates an oil mist, which must be treated by an oil separator.

However, this treatment leads to unwanted oil consumption. In addition, the aeration of hot oil contributes to its aging and to the degradation of its performance. In addition, during the start-up phases of the turbomachine, oil-free operation appears while the oil system is priming.

There is therefore a need for a turbine architecture making it possible to overcome at least in part the drawbacks mentioned above.

This presentation relates to a lubricating and cooling device for an aircraft turbomachine bearing, comprising:
- an upstream circuit configured to take a working liquid from a tank and route it to a branch,
- a cooling circuit comprising a first end connected to the branch, and a second discharge end, the cooling circuit being configured to at least partially surround an outer race with at least one bearing disposed downstream of the branch , being in contact with said outer ring so as to cool said bearing,
- a separate lubrication circuit from the cooling circuit, comprising a first end connected to the branch, and at least one second injection end configured to inject the working fluid onto said at least one bearing so as to lubricate said bearing, the cooling circuit and the lubrication circuit being in fluid communication with the upstream circuit via the branch.

In this presentation, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are considered according to the direction of the flow of the working liquid in the device, since its withdrawal in the tank, until its return in the latter.

The working liquid is a liquid suitable for the lubrication of rotating mechanical elements, also allowing their cooling. In some embodiments, the working liquid is a lubricating oil.

The device may further comprise a pump disposed downstream of the reservoir containing the oil, and allowing the circulation of the oil in the various circuits of the device. Thus, the oil taken from the tank first flows into the upstream circuit, up to the branch. At the junction, the oil flow from the upstream circuit is then separated and distributed between the cooling circuit and the lubrication circuit. The cooling circuit and the lubrication circuit are parallel to each other.

The cooling circuit may comprise a duct having a surface in contact with the outer ring of a bearing, allowing heat exchanges with said outer ring. The cooling circuit thus acts as a heat exchanger, via the oil flowing in the latter, allowing the bearing to be cooled.

The second injection end of the lubrication circuit is preferably arranged opposite the rolling elements of the bearing, so as to inject the oil directly onto these elements. The lubrication circuit thus allows the lubrication of the bearing or bearings.

Having a branch upstream of the bearing to be lubricated and cooled makes it possible to separate the flow rates necessary for the lubrication and cooling of this bearing, via the lubrication circuit and the cooling circuit, these two circuits being distinct. The oil used to cool the bearing is thus not injected onto the bearing, but is discharged via the second discharge end. In particular, this reduces coolant mist, and thus limits unwanted oil consumption. The volume of aerated hot oil, during injection, being also reduced, the aging of this oil is thus limited, and its performance is improved.

The fact of dissociating these two circuits also offers the possibility of regulating the flow required for cooling, and of being able to cool the bearings only when necessary. Indeed, during the start-up phases, the bearings must be lubricated, but the need for cooling these bearings is still low, or even zero. It is thus possible to adjust the oil flow rates necessary for the lubrication and cooling of the bearings as needed.

In certain embodiments, the branch comprises a distribution means configured to distribute the flow of working liquid between the cooling circuit and the lubrication circuit.

It is thus possible to adjust the liquid flow rates as needed. In particular, it is possible to cut off the oil supply to the cooling circuit during the start-up phase of the turbomachine. Indeed, in the start-up phase, during the first rotations of the rotating elements, the bearings need to be lubricated, but the cooling requirements are still low. According to this configuration, the oil flow can then be used essentially for the lubrication of the bearings during these start-up phases, this flow contributing to a lesser extent to the cooling of these bearings. It is thus possible to reduce the priming time of the lubrication circuit, and therefore to reduce the oil-free operating time of the device.

In certain embodiments, the distribution means is a solenoid valve configured to be controlled by a computer.

The solenoid valve is used to open or close the cooling circuit or the lubrication circuit, or to regulate the flow of oil flowing in these circuits, being controlled by the computer. In particular, the device can also comprise temperature sensors connected to the computer, the opening or closing of the solenoid valve thus being carried out according to the temperatures recorded. This makes it possible to automate the regulation of the oil flow in the device, in particular in the cooling circuit, according to the temperature, and thus to further improve the distribution of the oil flows.

In certain embodiments, the distribution means is a thermostatic valve configured to adopt a first position allowing the supply of the lubrication circuit only when the working fluid is at a first temperature, and to adopt a second position allowing the supply of the lubrication circuit and of the cooling circuit when the working fluid is at a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature.

The increase in the temperature of the working fluid, especially oil, is characteristic of an increase in the temperature of the bearing on which the oil is injected during its journey through the device. This increase in oil temperature thus indicates the need to cool the bearing, and therefore to modify the position of the thermostatic valve from the first position to the second position automatically, to allow the oil to flow in the circuit. cooling. The second temperature may be a predetermined threshold temperature allowing the automatic opening of said valve, and may preferably be determined so as to be still sufficiently lower than the temperature of the bearing, so as to ensure effective cooling of the latter. The use of a thermostatic valve makes it possible to automate the regulation of the oil flows flowing in the cooling circuit and the lubrication circuit, without having to resort to additional elements such as temperature sensors or a computer, thus further simplifying the device.

In certain embodiments, the device comprises a working fluid recuperator arranged under the at least one bearing and configured to recover the working fluid having been injected onto the bearing and flowing by gravity into the recuperator, the recuperator comprising, in its lower part, a working liquid discharge orifice in fluid communication with the reservoir via a downstream circuit.

The term "under" is understood in the vertical direction, i.e. the direction of gravity. Indeed, the working fluid, in particular the oil, after having been injected on the bearing(s), naturally flows downwards under its own weight, and is then received by the recuperator, placed under the bearing(s). The recuperator can for example be the lower part of the drive housing in which the bearing(s) are located. The oil collected in the recuperator can then be evacuated through the evacuation orifice, thus acting as a siphon in the lower part of the recuperator. The downstream circuit, putting the discharge orifice and the reservoir in fluid communication, then allows the return of the evacuated oil to the reservoir.

In certain embodiments, the downstream circuit comprises suction means configured to suck the working liquid present in the recuperator via the discharge orifice.

The suction means can be a pump placed on the downstream circuit. It is thus possible to limit the time necessary for the oil to flow to the bottom of the receiver, thus limiting the generation of oil mist and the aeration of the oil, and therefore its aging.

In certain embodiments, the second evacuation end of the cooling circuit opens into the lower part of the recuperator near the evacuation orifice.

By "near the evacuation orifice", it is understood that the second evacuation end, which is a free end, is arranged closer to the evacuation orifice than to the bearing cooled by the cooling circuit. A maximum distance between the second evacuation end and the evacuation orifice is preferably less than 10 cm, more preferably less than 5 cm. According to this configuration, when the oil which has flowed into the cooling circuit and which has allowed the cooling of the bearing is evacuated by the second evacuation end, this oil then flows directly into the recuperator and into the orifice of 'evacuation. In other words, its time in the open air, i.e. outside the cooling circuit and the downstream circuit, is thus limited. This passage time can also be further limited by the presence of the suction means. Consequently, the oil flow used for cooling the bearing is not ejected into the enclosure of the housing comprising the bearing, but is returned directly to the reservoir. This further limits the generation of oil mist and therefore reduces oil consumption. The aeration of the oil is also reduced, thus limiting its aging and consequently improving its performance.

In certain embodiments, the second evacuation end of the cooling circuit opens into the tank.

According to this configuration, the second evacuation end is not a free end, but opens into the reservoir, for example by being connected directly to the reservoir, allowing the evacuation of the oil having allowed the cooling of the bearing, directly in the tank. It is thus possible to further limit the generation of oil mist and the aeration of the oil.

In certain embodiments, the cooling circuit comprises, between the first end and the second evacuation end, a plurality of branches in parallel with one another, each branch being configured to at least partially surround an outer ring of a respective bearing by being in contact with said outer ring so as to cool the respective bearing.

Preferably, the cooling circuit comprises as many branches in parallel to each other as the number of bearings to be cooled. The oil flow coming from the upstream circuit and from the branch, and flowing in an upstream portion of the cooling circuit, is then distributed in the different parallel branches of said cooling circuit, via a second branch arranged upstream of the bearings. The oil flow circulating in each of these branches is then discharged via the second discharge end of the cooling circuit. It is thus possible to cool several bearings simultaneously via the cooling circuit.

In certain embodiments, the lubrication circuit comprises a plurality of second injection ends, each second injection end being configured to inject the working fluid onto said respective bearing so as to lubricate said respective bearing.

The lubrication circuit may also comprise a plurality of branches arranged either in series or in parallel with each other, thus making it possible to lubricate several bearings.

This presentation also relates to a turbomachine comprising the device according to any one of the preceding embodiments.

In certain embodiments, the turbomachine comprises a gear train having a plurality of gears, each gear being carried by a rotating shaft, each shaft being guided in rotation by at least two bearings, the lubrication and cooling device being configured to lubricate the bearings and gears of the gear train.

The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below of various embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. This description refers to the attached figure pages, on which:

FIG. 1 represents a device for cooling and lubricating mechanical bearings of an aircraft turbomachine according to the prior art,

FIG. 2 represents a device for cooling and lubricating mechanical bearings of an aircraft turbomachine according to the present presentation,

FIG. 3A represents a detailed view of one end of a branch of the cooling and lubrication device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B represents a detailed view of one end of a branch of the lubrication circuit of FIG. 2,

FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a portion of a drive housing comprising a cooling and lubricating device according to a first embodiment of the present description,

FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of a portion of a drive box comprising a cooling and lubricating device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the rest of the description, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are considered according to the direction of the flow of the working liquid, here oil, in the device, from its withdrawal from the reservoir 50, until on his return to the latter.

FIG. 1 schematically represents a device for cooling and lubricating mechanical bearings of an aircraft turbomachine according to the prior art. In the example described below, the device makes it possible to cool and lubricate a gear train of an accessory drive unit (the unit not being shown) of an aircraft turbomachine, such as a airplane or helicopter. The gear train comprises a first gear 1, a second gear 2 and a third gear 3, the gears 1, 2, 3 being in mesh with each other. The gears 1, 2, 3 are each carried respectively by a rotating shaft 1a, 2a, 3a. The first shaft 1a, carrying the first gear 1, is guided in rotation by an upstream bearing 1b and a downstream bearing 1c. The second shaft 2a, carrying the second gear 2, is guided in rotation by an upstream bearing 2b and a downstream bearing 2c. The third shaft 3a, carrying the third gear 3, is guided in rotation by an upstream bearing 3b and a downstream bearing 3c. The bearings 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b and 3c are for example ball bearings.

These gear trains are simultaneously cooled and lubricated by lubricating oil circulated by a device comprising an oil reservoir 50. An upstream circuit 10' is connected to the reservoir 50, and comprises a first pump 30 making it possible to take oil from the reservoir 50 and put it into circulation in the upstream circuit 10'. The upstream circuit 10' is then separated into a plurality of branches 11' each comprising an end 11b'. The ends 11b' are injection ends, and are each arranged opposite a bearing 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b or 3c. The oil is thus injected at the level of these bearings, allowing them to be cooled and lubricated, as well as gears 1, 2 and 3. The excess oil injected on these bearings flows downwards by gravity, and is then recovered by a recuperator 60 disposed under the gear train. The recuperator 60 includes a discharge port 61 in its lower part, through which the oil collected in the recuperator 60 can be evacuated.

A downstream circuit 12 puts the evacuation orifice 61 in fluid communication with the reservoir 50. The downstream circuit 12 comprises a suction means. In this example, the suction means is a second pump 40. This second pump 40 makes it possible to suck up the oil present in the bottom of the recuperator 60, and direct it towards the reservoir 50.

FIG. 3A represents a detailed view of one end 11b' of a branch 11' of the cooling and lubricating device of FIG. 1, according to the prior art. The end 11b' is arranged opposite the upstream bearing 1b of the first shaft 1a, for example. The upstream bearing 1b comprises an outer ring 1b1 fixed to a support (not shown), for example a wall of the accessory drive box. The upstream bearing 1b also comprises an inner ring 1b2 arranged radially inside the outer ring 1b1, being fixed to the first shaft 1a and rotating with the latter. The inner ring 1b2 rotates inside the outer ring 1b1 via balls 1b3 (only one is shown in Fig 3A). The end 11b' is configured and oriented so as to inject the oil directly onto the balls 1b3, making it possible to lubricate and at the same time cool these balls 1b3. Thus, almost all of the oil taken upstream from tank 50 is injected into all of the bearings 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b and 3c, generating a significant amount of oil mist.

FIG. 2 schematically represents a device for cooling and lubricating the gears and mechanical bearings of an aircraft turbomachine according to the present presentation. The circuit followed by the oil since its withdrawal from the tank 50 has similarities with that of the prior art, and the elements having the same numerical references will not be described again.

Unlike the device according to the prior art, comprising a single circuit allowing the lubrication and cooling of the gears and bearings, the device according to the present disclosure comprises two distinct circuits: a lubrication circuit 11 and a cooling circuit 20. More precisely , the upstream circuit 10 separates, at the level of a branch, into two distinct circuits 11 and 20. The branch comprises a distributor 70, making it possible to distribute the flow rates of oil flowing respectively in the lubrication circuit 11 and in the cooling circuit 20. The distributor 70 can include a solenoid valve controlled by a computer (not shown), or a thermostatic valve.

The lubrication circuit 11 comprises a first end 11a connected to the distributor 70. Analogously to the device according to the prior art, the lubrication circuit 11 comprises a plurality of second ends 11b, each emerging facing a bearing 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b or 3c.

The cooling circuit 20 includes a first end 22a also connected to the distributor 70, and a second end 22b. Unlike the lubrication circuit 11, the oil flowing in the cooling circuit is not released into the enclosure of the housing near the bearings, but is returned to the reservoir 50 in a more direct manner. In the example of Figure 2, the second end 22b opens into the reservoir 50.

Between the first end 22a and the second end 22b, the cooling circuit comprises a plurality of branches arranged parallel to each other. More precisely, the cooling circuit 20 comprises as many parallel branches as there are bearings to be cooled. In the example of Figure 2, the cooling circuit 20 comprises three parallel branches, each branch comprising an upstream portion 21 (solid line in Figure 2) and a downstream portion 22 (broken lines in Figure 2). Each upstream portion is arranged so as to come into contact with the outer ring of a bearing, and to follow the contour of this outer ring over at least part of its circumference. The oil circulating in the upstream portion 21 in contact with the ring makes it possible to cool the latter, the upstream portion 21 thus acting as a heat exchanger. The branch of the cooling circuit, coming into contact with an outer ring at its upstream portion 21, then continues at its downstream portion 22, in which circulates the oil having stored the heat from the bearing. The downstream portions 22 of each branch of the cooling circuit 20 finally meet in a single branch leading to the second end 22b.

FIG. 3B represents a detailed view of an end 11b of a branch of the lubrication circuit 11, and an upstream portion 21 of a branch of the cooling circuit 20 of FIG. 2, according to the present presentation. The end 11b opens opposite the upstream bearing 1b of the first shaft 1a, so as to inject oil directly onto the balls 1b3. The upstream portion 21 comprises a flat portion 21b coming into contact with the outer ring 1b1 to cool the upstream bearing 1b. The flat cooling portion 21b can also have the shape of a serpentine by making several turns around the outer ring 1b1, so as to improve the cooling of the bearing 1b.

According to this configuration, only part of the oil taken upstream from the reservoir 50 is injected into all the bearings 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b and 3c, via the lubrication circuit, thus reducing the generation of oil mist.

FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a portion of a drive unit 600 illustrating an example of arrangement of the lubrication circuit and of the cooling circuit according to a first embodiment of this presentation.

The upstream circuit 10 is connected to the distributor 70, from which derive the lubrication circuit 11 and the cooling circuit 20. In particular, the first ends 11a and 22a of the lubrication circuit 11 and of the cooling circuit 20 respectively are connected to the distributor 70 The lubrication circuit 11 comprises several second ends 11b, each arranged opposite a bearing (not illustrated in FIG. 4). The oil injected by the second ends 11b flows by gravity towards the bottom of the casing 600 as far as the recuperator 60. In this case, the recuperator 60 is the bottom of the casing 600. The evacuation orifice 61 is disposed in a lower portion of the recuperator 60, the oil falling to the bottom of the recuperator 60 being sucked through the discharge orifice towards the tank 50.

The cooling circuit 20 comprises, in this example, two branches in parallel to each other. To cool the bearing R1, the upstream portion 21 of the first branch comes into contact with the outer ring of the bearing R1 arranged in the upper part of the housing 600 in FIG. 4 following a portion of the outline of the outer ring of said bearing R1, up to the downstream portion 22 of this first branch (cf. arrow in broken lines in FIG. 4). The downstream portion 22 of this branch goes towards the bottom of the housing 600 bypassing the bearing arranged in the lower part of the housing 600. To cool the bearing R2, the upstream portion 21 of the second branch bypasses the bearing arranged in the upper part of the casing 600, then comes into contact with the outer race of the bearing R2 arranged in the lower part of the casing 600 in FIG. 4 following a portion of the contour of the outer race of the said bearing R2, as far as the downstream portion 22 of this second branch (cf. arrow in broken lines in FIG. 4). The downstream portion 22 of this branch goes towards the bottom of the housing 600 by joining the end of the downstream portion 22 of the first branch, the oil having flowed into these two branches then being evacuated by the second end of evacuation 22b of the cooling circuit 20. According to this first embodiment, the second end 22b of the cooling device 20 opens into the recuperator 60, close to the evacuation orifice 61. The oil exiting through the second end of the evacuation 22b is thus not rejected in the housing 600, but is directly sucked by the evacuation orifice 61, then directed towards the tank 50.

FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of a portion of a drive unit 600 illustrating an example of arrangement of the lubrication circuit and of the cooling circuit according to a second embodiment of this description.

The arrangement of the lubrication 11 and cooling circuits is similar to that of the first embodiment. Only the arrangement of the second evacuation end 22b differs from the first embodiment. According to the second embodiment, the second discharge end 22b does not open into the recuperator 60, but opens into the reservoir 50 (not illustrated in FIG. 5). To do this, the downstream part of the cooling circuit 20 passes through an existing opening in the wall of the housing 600, to reach the reservoir 50. Only the oil coming from the lubrication circuit 11 therefore falls into the recuperator 60 and is sucked up by the evacuation orifice 61. This configuration corresponds to the diagram shown in Figure 2.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it is obvious that modifications and changes can be made to these examples without departing from the general scope of the invention as defined by the claims. In particular, individual features of the different illustrated/mentioned embodiments can be combined in additional embodiments. Accordingly, the description and the drawings should be considered in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense.

It is also obvious that all the characteristics described with reference to a method can be transposed, alone or in combination, to a device, and conversely, all the characteristics described with reference to a device can be transposed, alone or in combination, to a method.

Claims (13)

Lubrication and cooling device for aircraft turbomachine bearings, comprising:
- an upstream circuit (10) configured to take a working liquid from a reservoir (50) and convey it to a branch,
- a cooling circuit (20) comprising a first end (22a) connected to the branch, and a second evacuation end (22b), the cooling circuit (20) being configured to at least partially surround an outer ring ( 1b1) of at least one bearing (1b) disposed downstream of the branch, being in contact with said outer ring (1b1) so as to cool said bearing (1b),
- a lubrication circuit (11) separate from the cooling circuit (20), comprising a first end (11a) connected to the branch, and at least one second injection end (11b) configured to inject the working fluid on said at least one bearing (1b) so as to lubricate said bearing (1b), the cooling circuit (20) and the lubrication circuit (11) being in fluid communication with the upstream circuit (10) via the 'branch.
Device according to claim 1, in which the branch comprises a distribution means (70) configured to distribute the flow of working liquid between the cooling circuit (20) and the lubrication circuit (11). Device according to Claim 2, in which the distribution means (70) is a solenoid valve configured to be controlled by a computer. Device according to Claim 2, in which the distribution means (70) is a thermostatic valve configured to adopt a first position allowing the supply of the lubrication circuit only, when the working fluid is at a first temperature, and to adopt a second position allowing the lubrication circuit and the cooling circuit to be supplied when the working fluid is at a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising a working fluid recuperator (60) arranged under the at least one bearing and configured to recover the working fluid having been injected onto the bearing and flowing by gravity into the recuperator (60), the recuperator (60) comprising, in its lower part, a working liquid discharge orifice (61) in fluid communication with the reservoir (50) via a downstream circuit (12 ). Device according to Claim 5, in which the downstream circuit (12) comprises suction means (40) configured to suck the working liquid present in the recuperator (60) via the discharge orifice (61). Device according to Claim 5 or 6, in which the second end (22b) for discharging the cooling circuit (20) opens into the lower part of the recuperator (60) close to the discharge orifice (61). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the second discharge end (22b) of the cooling circuit (20) opens into the tank (50). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the cooling circuit (20) comprises, between the first end (22a) and the second discharge end (22b), a plurality of branches (21) in parallel from each other, each branch (21) being configured to at least partially surround an outer ring (1b1) of a respective bearing (1b) while being in contact with said outer ring (1b1) so as to cool said bearing (1b) respective. Device according to Claim 9, in which the lubrication circuit (11) comprises a plurality of second injection ends (11b), each second injection end (11b) being configured to inject the working fluid onto the said bearing (1b ) respective so as to lubricate said bearing (1b) respectively. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, in which the working liquid is a lubricating oil. Turbomachine comprising a lubricating and cooling device according to any one of the preceding claims. Turbomachine according to Claim 12, comprising a gear train having a plurality of gears (1, 2, 3), each gear being carried by a rotating shaft (1a, 2a, 3a), each shaft being guided in rotation by at least at least two bearings (1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b, 3c), the lubricating and cooling device being configured to lubricate the bearings and the gears (1, 2, 3) of the gear train.