FR3089092A1 - REPELLENT COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTING SEEDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for protecting seeds from attack by birds, comprising the coating of the seeds with a crushed milkweed.

Description

Description

Title of the invention: REPULSIVE COMPOSITION FOR PROTECTING SEEDS The invention relates to the field of protection of seeds against attack by birds and to the treatment thereof by compounds of natural origin.

The invention thus relates to a new composition for film-coating seeds in order to protect them from attack by birds and prevent them from being eaten by them, comprising a shredded milkweed.

This result is surprising, inasmuch as it has never been reported that a simple ground milkweed is capable of generating a repellent effect in vivo against birds, by simple treatment of semen, that is to say ie application of a very small amount of this extract. In particular, it is particularly surprising that birds do not attack the treated seeds because of their treatment.

[0004] Thus, in a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for protecting plant seeds against attack by birds, comprising the step of filming the seeds in a ground milkweed before sowing. The seeds thus coated have a repellent effect on birds likely to eat them and they are therefore not interested in them. By food difference they will consume something else.

Seed coating is a technique known in the art and recalled below. In the preferred embodiment, the ground product is a ground material of Asclepias leaves, in particular a complete ground material of Asclepias leaves, that is to say that the ground material does not undergo any transformation or extraction after grinding. But we can also use stems or any other part of the plant.

In another embodiment, the ground milkweed is mixed with an aqueous liquid.

In another embodiment, it is also possible to use the latex obtained from the plant and in particular by direct application to the seed to better manage the dose applied and simplify the application.

The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for protecting seeds from attack by birds, which eat the seeds after sowing or at the time of germination. In particular, this effect is observed against corvids, in particular crows and crows, in particular rooks crows and other volatile pests.

The solution will also have an effect against rodents and other domestic pests. Thus, the coating with this solution provides double protection to the treated seeds. The use of this solution for its repellent effect against birds and rodents can be extended to other fields of activity.

The fact that the ground milkweed can be used directly in a composition coating seeds is particularly unexpected, since the estimated amount of active ingredient present on the seed is relatively low.

Thus, for wheat, in a preferred embodiment, preferably used 1.2 kg of ground milkweed leaves for 1 quintal (q) of seeds. However, lower or higher doses can be used. Thus, we can consider doses of 0.5 kg / q, 0.8 kg / q, 1 kg / q, 1.5 kg / q, 2 kg / q, 2.5 kg / q or even a dose greater than 2.5 kg / q.

For corn, preferably 0.9 kg of ground material per hundredweight of seeds is used. Doses of 0.4 kg / q, 0.5 kg / q, 0.7 kg / q, 1 kg / q, 1.2 kg / q, 1.5 kg / q or greater than 1.5 kg / q may also be suitable.

The seed coating is used for effective seed protection. Generally speaking, it is advisable to apply homogeneously over the entire surface of the seeds the active ingredients adapted to the effect which one wishes to observe. In fact, if the grain surface is not fully covered by the products, including in the furrow, the protection could be less effective or even ineffective. In the present case, however, insofar as the ground milkweed has a repellent effect, this effect is observed even if the whole seed is not covered.

A seed treatment product is formulated by adding the active ingredient to formulants, adjuvants, film-coating agents known in the art. These compounds have no biological effect and are used in particular to ensure good resistance of the active substance on the seed, as well as good recovery of the seed.

Thus, the filming is carried out by mixing the ground material of Asclepias with a formulant and / or a film-coating agent. Then the mixture is sprayed on the seeds, for application on the seeds, the homogenization then generally being carried out in static mixers.

As the formulant, organic solvents or water, dispersants, emulsifiers, surfactants or wetting agents, dyes, etc. are used.

Films are used to apply a microporous film to the surface of the seed. They make it possible to improve the seed cover and the homogeneity of the covering by the active substance. They can also facilitate the flow of seeds into the seed drill.

Coating agents can modify the shape, size and / or weight of the seed, which improves the sowing precision.

One can perform a single layer coating or repeat the coating steps to obtain a multilayer coating.

In a preferred embodiment, the plant is a grass.

In particular, the method is particularly suitable for wheat seeds.

One can also apply the method on barley, rye, corn, rapeseed or sunflower seeds but this method also applies to vegetable species cucurbitaceae, solanaceae, brassicaceae or asteraceae.

The invention also relates to a composition for seed coating, characterized in that it comprises a ground material of Asclepias and at least one film-forming agent or a formulant. This composition has repellent properties against birds and is intended in particular for coating seeds, as described above, in order to protect the seeds from attack by birds.

The use of such a composition for coating seeds is also an object of the invention.

Finally, the invention relates to a ground material of Asclepias as a phytosanitary product. This phytosanitary product has a repellent activity against birds, and thus protects seeds. The invention thus relates to a as well as to a ground material of Asclepias as a repellant against birds.

Brief description of the drawings [fig.l] represents the percentage of normal seedlings for seeds coated with the composition, according to the doses mentioned (solution) or untreated controls [0028] [fig.2] represents the percentage of normal seedlings (average of 3 lots); untreated: wheat coated with dandruff alone; Celest®Net N, seeds coated with Celest®Net at the dosage recommended by the supplier; Prelude®20ES N: seeds coated with Prelude®20ES at the dose recommended by the supplier; Prelude®20LS 1.5 N: film-coated seeds with a dose 1.5 x higher than that recommended by the supplier; thiram 160g / q: seeds coated with the dose of thiram recommended for corn seeds. The solution containing the ground milkweed leaves is applied at dose n (Table 1) or at dose% n. LG: germination capacity and TP: penalizing test (or Cold Test).

[Fig.3] represents the percentage of normal seedlings (average of 3 lots) for germination (PG, left columns), and the cold test (CT, right columns); dandruff alone: corn coated with dandruff alone; thiram n, corn coated with thiram at the dosage recommended by the supplier; Mesurol® n: corn coated with Mesurol® at the dose recommended by the supplier; Mesurol® 1.5 n: corn coated with Mesurol® at a dose 1.5 times higher than the dose recommended by the supplier. The solution containing the ground milkweed leaves is applied at dose n (Table 1) or at dose% n.

EXAMPLES In the examples below, a raw crush of leaves of Asclepias (butterfly grass) is used. Harvesting leaves are harvested. These leaves are dehydrated and then ground.

To obtain a treated seed, a "treatment slurry" is made up consisting of the ground material or powder described above, a "film coating" and water. This "film coating" is composed of an adhesive (20 to 50% by weight), coloring elements (10 to 40% by weight) and 10 to 40% (by weight) of fillers. The seed is treated in a multi-layer, by applying several successive layers with an intermediate drying time (2h). This application is done in a SATEC type bowl: the porridge including the raw crushed leaves of Asclepias is sprayed on the seeds kept rotating in the bowl for a few seconds.

Wheat and corn seeds were treated (film-coated) with the solution, according to the protocol in the table below.

[Tables 1]

Species Thousand grain weight (pmg) Application solution Corn 40g Dose (Kg / q) 1.2 Number of layers 4 Number of dryings 3 But 290g Dose (Kg / q) 0.9 Number of layers 3 Number of dryings 2

Seed coating protocol, and dose used For the following examples, the dose indicated in this table will be considered as dose n.

Example 1: diet [0037] Film-coated wheat seeds have been proposed as a diet for birds.

110 birds (population composed in equal parts of rooks and wild crows) were trapped, acclimatized in an aviary with a balanced diet composed of kibbles and control wheat (coated with film-coating alone) then placed in individual cages.

In an individual cage, the diet includes [Day 40: the proposed diet is the balanced diet used during acclimatization.

Day 2: the proposed diet is composed of control wheat (coated with film-coating alone).

Day 3: the proposed diet is composed of wheat treated (coated) with the solution or with a solution of thiram (broad spectrum contact fungicide).

The amount of wheat consumed by the birds is measured at the end of each day and is summarized in Table 2.

[Tables2]

Consumption difference as a percentage of the control. Thirame 0.45 mg / grain -96% Thirame 160g / hundredweight -66% Solution n - 81%

Consumption difference in percentage of the witness.

The behavior of the two species was similar.

The dose of thiram of 160g / quintal is the dose recommended in treatment of corn grain which has been used here on wheat. The dose of 0.45 mg per grain corresponds to an amount of thiram per grain, equivalent to that recommended for a treatment of corn seed (Due to the Weight of a Thousand Grains (PMG) of wheat, this dose is six times higher than the dose of 160g / hundredweight).

The solution of the invention protects the seeds from their consumption by birds in a similar way to the application of Thirame.

Example 2: Effect of the solution on the germination of seeds after treatment, Wheat and corn seeds were treated with the solution. Wheat was treated at dose n (see Table 1), corn at different doses:

DI: same amount of solution / seed as for wheat (0.5 mg / seed);

D3: same quantity of solution / kg of corn as for 1 kg of wheat, ie 1.2 kg / q (3.5 mg / seed);

D2: is an intermediate dose.

These seeds were subjected to a measure of germination (FG) and to a Cold Test (CT);

The Germination Faculty is evaluated according to the ISTA protocol: 200 seeds are placed in a substrate moistened to 10%. Germination is noted after a period of 7 days at 20 ° C.

The Cold test is also carried out on 200 seeds, the test is carried out under saturated humidity conditions, germination is carried out for 5 to 7 days at 10 ° C. and then transferred to

23 ° C for 4 days, before rating. This test is also called Penalizing test or TP (Figures 1 and 2).

It is observed that the solution has no phytotoxic effect on the seed, the germination being similar for the treated seeds and the untreated seeds.

Example 3: Effect on germination The effect of use on germination was evaluated on wheat and corn in comparison with products currently on the market.

Thirame (see above); Prelude® 20 FS (200g / l prochloraze, fungicide); Mesurol® (methiocarb, treatment of corn seeds as a repellent against birds); Celest®Net (fludioxonil, fungicide treatment of straw and flaxseed seeds).

Two germination tests were performed FG (FG), and cold test (TP) on 3 lots of each species with different doses, Figures 2 and 3 represent the percentage of normal seedlings according to the 1ST A rating.

It is observed that the solution has no effect on the germination of the seeds, including under penalty conditions, the germination being similar or even higher than that observed for seeds coated with products of the market.

Example 4: Repellent effect of the composition on caged birds (dose effect) [0064] Coated wheat seeds were given to eat by birds, the solution being applied at different concentrations to the seeds.

Three doses were used: dose n (1.2 kg per quintal), 75% or 50% of this dose.

The experiment is carried out in cages on crows and rooks, the test is carried out over three days:

In day 1, a balanced diet is offered to birds (this diet is composed of kibbles (20g for crows and 15g for rooks) and control wheat (coated with film-coating alone) at will.

On day 2, 50g of control wheat (coated with film-coating agent only) are offered on day 3, 50g of wheat treated with one of the different (solution at a dose n, l / 2n or

3 / 4n or thiram at dose n / 2) solution are proposed.

On days 2 and 3, a weighing of the refused food is carried out at the end of the day.

10 repetitions were performed for each dose, with a random distribution of the tests.

Table 3 shows the percentage reduction in consumption compared to untreated control wheat.

There is a dose effect of the proposed solution.

[Tables3]

Dose applied to the seed Percentage reduction in consumption compared to uncoated control wheat Solution n 81.2% % N solution 73.2% Yi n solution 62.3% Thirame n / 2 67.5%

Percentage reduction in consumption compared to the non-dandruff control wheat [0076] Example 5: Evaluation in aviary, dose effect of the solution, The experiment is carried out on crows and rooks in aviaries, the test is carried out over three days:

In day 1, a balanced diet is offered to the birds (this diet is composed of kibbles (20g for crows and 15g for rooks) and control wheat (coated with film-coating alone) at will) [0079] day 2, 50g of control wheat (coated with film-coating agent only) per animal are offered On day 3, 50g of wheat treated with the solution at dose n, or 5 / 4n are offered per animal.

On day 3, a weighing of the refused food is carried out at the end of the day, to calculate the average consumption per animal.

[Tables4]

Wheat solution dose 5/4 n Wheat solution dose n Control wheat (filming alone) Corn Thirame Aviary 1 mixed (1 lfreux / 12comeilles) 3.8 5.1 17 2.5 Aviary 2: 6 crows 3.0 4.7 17 2.5 Aviary 3: 7 rooks 3.3 4.1 17 2.5

Average consumption (grams / birds) of film-coated wheat with the solution.

We therefore observe a dose effect for the solution, the increase in the dose leading to a decrease in the amounts ingested.

Example 6: Evaluation for 1 dose of the average individual consumption of wheat seeds for birds in the aviary [0086] In this example, the grains are hidden (covered with black sand).

[Tables5]

Crows Rook Wheat thiram 0.7 1.8 Test 1 Control wheat 10 5.6 Solution 4/5 n 0.2 0.2 Test 2 Control wheat 10 9.6 Solution 4/5 n 3.4 2.2 Test 3 Control wheat 9.8 7.2 Solution 4/5 n 2.4 1.8

Average consumption (grams / birds) of blepelliculate with the solution.

Thiram wheat, corresponds to wheat coated with thiram, at the dose recommended for the treatment of corn (160gr / q); Control wheat corresponds to wheat coated with film-coating alone); wheat solution 4 / 5n corresponds to wheat treated with 4/5 n solution (n corresponds to 1.2 Kg / q), Example 7: Test on dry grain corn: difference in consumption (reduction) compared to with percentage control corn, The experiment is carried out on crows and rooks in aviaries, aviary of 6 crows and an aviary of 8 rooks, over 7 days, the same experiment being reproduced for several successive weeks.

In day 1, a balanced diet is offered to the birds (this diet is composed of kibbles (20g for crows and 15g for rooks) and control corn (film-coated with film-coating alone) at will) [0093] day 2, 50g of control corn (coated with film-coating agent only) per animal are offered On day 3, 20g of corn treated with the solution at dose n, or 3 / 4n per animal are offered.

On day 4, a balanced diet is offered. On day 5, 50g of control corn (coated with film-coating alone) per animal are offered. On day 6, 20g of corn treated with the solution to the dose n, or 3 / 4n per animal are offered.

In days 2, 3, 5 and 6, a weighing of the refused food is carried out at the end of the day, to calculate the average consumption per animal.

The grains are deposited on a tray.

This experiment was extended over several weeks to see what the long-term pers9 treatment is. [0101] [Tables 6]

Crows Rook Maize Thirame Yi n (average of 3 tests) 77 66 Corn solution, dose n, wk 90 72 Corn solution, dose 0.75 n, wk 61 62 Corn solution, dose n, semC 14 42 Corn solution, dose n, semD 25 21

Reduction in consumption as a percentage of control corn.

Thirame Yi corresponds to corn treated with thiram at 50% of the dose recommended by the supplier. Corn solution dose n, corresponds to corn coated with the solution at the dose noted in table 1 (0.9 kg / q), Corn solution dose 0.75, has corn treated with 0.75 x the dose of 0, 9kg / q). wk A, B, C and D correspond to respectively leers, ^2nd, 3rd and 4th week experiment.

These examples clearly show that seeds coated with the crushed leaves of Asclepias have a repellent effect on birds (they avoid eating them). This effect has been demonstrated on two species of birds, in cages or aviaries, whether the seeds are visible (presentation on a tray) or hidden.

Claims (1)

Claims [Claim 1] A method of protecting plant seeds from attack by birds, comprising the step of coating the seeds with a crushed milkweed before sowing. [Claim 2] Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ground milkweed is a grounded milkweed leaves. [Claim 3] Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plant is a grass, preferably wheat, barley, rye or corn. [Claim 4] Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plant is chosen from the group consisting of rapeseed, sunflower and vegetable species cucurbitaceae, solanaceae, brassicaceae or asteraceae. [Claim 5] Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that 0.5 to 2.5 kg of milkweed mash is used per 1 q of wheat seeds. [Claim 6] Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that from 0.4 to 1.5 kg of acephia leaf grind is used for Iq of corn seeds. [Claim 7] Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the film-coating is carried out by mixing ground milkweed with a formulant and / or a film-coating agent. [Claim 8] Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a multilayer film coating is carried out. [Claim 9] Composition for seed coating, characterized in that it comprises a crushed milkweed and at least one film-coating agent or a formulant. [Claim 10] Ground milkweed as a phytosanitary product for its repellency against birds. [Claim 11] Use of a composition according to claim 9 for coating seeds.