FR3084353A1 - ENAMELLED SUBSTRATE, LUMINOUS GLASS DEVICE WITH SUCH A SUBSTRATE AND ITS MANUFACTURE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is an enamelled substrate for a luminous glazed device (and its manufacture) with a first sheet of glass (1) comprising a diffusing layer (2) of enamel, of a vitreous material with a thickness E1 of at least 5 μm and at most 20 μm, vitreous material is based on zinc and/or bismuth borosilicate. The matrix is porous, said diffusing elements are gas or vacuum porosities (3) of characteristic dimension, in particular a diameter, of at least 0.2 μm. The first glass sheet and diffusing layer assembly having: - a light transmission factor of at least 75%, - a blur of at most 30% and of at least 1%.

Description

ENAMELLED SUBSTRATE, LUMINOUS GLASS DEVICE WITH SUCH SUBSTRATE AND ITS MANUFACTURE

The invention relates to the field of enamelled substrates used to form glazed luminous devices by means of a peripheral light source.

Inorganic light emitting diodes are used to make luminous glazing. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced by the edge into the glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing, defining the luminous surface, such as a solid surface of enamel containing dielectric diffusing particles as alumina particles.

This diffusing layer is translucent in the off state. This luminous glazing then has a very cloudy appearance in the area of the diffusing layer. Conventionally, the light transmission of this type of enamel is less than 40%, the blur is 90 to 100%.

The present invention has therefore sought to develop an alternative diffusing enamel which further increases the transparency in the off state while remaining capable of extracting light.

To this end, the invention first relates to an enamelled substrate for a luminous glazed device, comprising:

a first sheet of preferably colorless glass, preferably silico-soda-lime, in particular with a refractive index nO at 550 nm of 1.4 to 1.6, in particular of thickness E0 of at most 10 mm and even of plus 5 or 3mm and preferably at least 0.1mm, 0.3mm or 0.7mm preferably clear or extra-clear, comprising on one (only) first main face (preferably directly) a diffusing enamel layer (solid and / or a pattern in several elements), diffusing layer with preferably a width of at least 0.3mm and even 1mm, in particular occupying a diffusing surface S defined by a length of at least 1mm and even 1cm and the width d '' at least 0.3mm and even 1mm, of thickness E1 at least 5pm better at least 7pm and at most20pm or 15pm, and preferably from 7 to 15pm or 8 to 11pm comprising:

a matrix (transparent), preferably colorless, made of a vitreous material based on zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth, preferably based on zinc borosilicate, in particular the volume fraction in vitreous material being at least 80, 85 or 90% of the volume of the enamel

- the matrix being porous, diffusing elements in the form (preferably only) of gas porosities (air etc) or vacuum, preferably in the volume, preferably closed porosities - even also on the surface - of dimension (diameter, in particular equivalent diameter) of at least 0.2pm and better still of at least 0.5pm, 0.8pm or 1pm, in particular the volume fraction in porosity being at most 20, 15% or 10% of the volume of the enamel and better at least 1% or 2%

- Said diffusing elements (therefore the diffusing layer) are free from diffusing (solid) particles or with a content by weight of diffusing (solid) particles of at most 10% or 5% of the total weight of the enamel, and even including the unfounded, the crystals, and better the cumulative weight content of diffusing particles (in particular of dimension of at least 0.2 μm) and / or white or colored pigments being at most 10% or 5% of the total weight of the E-mail.

The first glass sheet and diffusing layer assembly presents:

- a light transmission factor of at least 75%, 80%, 85% and even 90% preferably within the meaning of standard EN 410: 1998,

- a blurring (in transmission) of at least 1%, and at most 30% and even 20% or 15%,

- and preferably an image clarity (clarity in English) of at least 80%, 90%, 95%.

Surprisingly, such a transparent enamel, which does not leave a white, milky veil on the glazing, is capable of diffusing light through the porosities (forming a refractive index contrast with the matrix).

The choice of zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth, the choice of a range of suitable thickness ensures both control of transparency, low blurring (but sufficient for light extraction) and reproducible porosity formation diffusing. Too small a thickness does not allow the porosities to be trapped. Too much thickness leads to degrading transparency.

The diffusing layer must generate a luminous surface visible to the naked eye and in particular the layer is preferably deposited by screen printing. The limiting size of the diffusing layer is therefore a width of at least 0.3mm.

The diffusing enamel layer is for example in contact with the first main face. It is possible to provide, between the diffusing layer and the first face, a transparent sublayer (mono or multilayer) preferably mineral and even of thickness of at most 1 pm or 0.2 pm as long as the latter does not disturb the guidance and / or the light extraction.

To reduce blurring and increase transparency, the diffusing layer is devoid of or comprises in very reduced content of particles - full and even possibly hollow particles - in particular diffusing or more generally any type of particles (unfounded, crystals, white or colored pigments etc) . In particular, it contains little or no (solid) particles chosen from particles of alumina, zirconia, silica, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulphate. In particular, the diffusing layer is preferably devoid of devitrified zone.

The light transmission factor T _L can be calculated using the illuminant D65, for example using a spectrophotometer provided with an integrating sphere, the measurement at a given thickness being then converted if necessary to the thickness of reference of 4mm according to standard EN 410: 1998.

We want the diffusing layer to be as invisible and discreet as possible. Our visual perception can clearly distinguish two different phenomena: diffusion at small angles and over a wider angular range.

Light can be distributed evenly in all directions. This results in contrast reduction and a cloudy, dull-looking image. ASTMD 1003 defines haze or blurring as the amount of light that deviates on average more than 2.5 ° from the incident light beam - expressed as a percentage.

Light can be diffused in a narrow angle with high concentration. This effect describes very well how very fine details can be seen through the sample. The quality of image clarity must be determined at an angle of less than 2.5 degrees.

The blur and even the sharpness are preferably measured by a Hazemeter (such as BYK-Gardner Haze-Gard Plus) preferably according to the ASTDM D1003 standard (without compensation)

We prefer to carry out the measurements before any lamination. For example, the illuminant is placed opposite the first carrier face of the diffusing layer.

Advantageously, the blur is at most 10% or 8%, the sharpness at least 90% or 95%, the light transmission factor is at least 90%.

Preferably, the thickness E1 is stable at ± 3pm.

Furthermore, the diffusing layer may have a gloss in terms of gloss unit (ub) of at least 80, 100 and better still at least 120, reflecting a smooth surface.

The diffusing layer is preferably a monolayer (obtained by depositing a single layer based on glass frit).

The size (and even the distribution in thickness) of the porosities can be determined by a sectional observation of the diffusing layer with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 1000 times or 2500 times.

In particular, in thickness, there is a single porosity of at least 0.8pm at a time.

The volume fraction in porosities can be determined by observing the surface of the diffusing layer under an optical microscope at a magnification of 600 times. The porosities are visible by contrast and can be counted for example by digital processing.

Practically to measure the coverage rate, optical observations are made of the surface of the diffusing layer under an optical microscope and the total surface occupied by the porosities is determined (sum of the surfaces occupied by each of the porosities) - porosities visible from above because the matrix is transparent. We determined a surface rather than a volume occupied by the porosities for simplicity.

To determine the total surface occupied by the porosities, a reference surface of 0.25 m ^{2 is} preferably chosen (in the plane of the glazing). Several images under an optical microscope may be necessary to form this reference surface taken in any region of the diffusing layer. The evaluation can be repeated in several regions distributed over the diffusing layer for an even more representative calculation of the coverage rate.

Preferably to guarantee the homogeneity of the optical properties of the diffusing layer, the porosity coverage rate is at most 20% and preferably at most 10% and better still at least 1%, rate measured in this reference surface taken from any region and better measured in a plurality of regions to cover at least 50% of the surface of the diffusing layer.

The porosities are preferably formed during cooking by elimination of organic compounds, for example from the medium used during the deposition, preferably by screen printing. The porosities are preferably not connected.

Regarding the porosities, preferably one or more of the following alternative or cumulative characteristics is provided:

these latter, in particular spherical or elliptical, are for example bubbles,

- In particular at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% (and even 100%) of the porosities are of width less than the thickness of the diffusing layer, in particular with a form factor height / width of at most 5, 2

- at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% (and even 100%) of the porosities are closed

- at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% (and even 100%) of the porosities are closed and spaced from the interface with the first sheet of glass or any underlayment

- the surface of the diffusing layer is devoid of open porosities

- the interface between the diffusing layer and the first main face of the first sheet of glass or of a possible under layer (preferably mineral and preferably of thickness at most 1pm, 0.2pm) is devoid of porosities

- in particular for at least 80%, 90% (and even 100%) of the porosities, the porosities (closed) are spaced at least 1pm, 2 pm.3pm the interface between the diffusing layer and the first main face of the first sheet of glass or of a possible undercoat (mineral preferably and preferably of thickness of at most 1pm, 0.2pm) on the first main face

- at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% (and even 100%) of the porosities have a characteristic dimension (notably equivalent diameter) allowing diffusion of visible light, in particular at least 0.8 μm , to reduce blurring

- in particular for at least 80%, 90% (and even 100%) of the porosities, the porosities have a diameter (in particular equivalent) D1 which is at most 10pm or 8pm or 6pm and / or the ratio E1 / D1 is lower to 1 and preferably at least 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, or 0.7.

The porosities of too small diameter favor a diffusion on a wider angular range.

Preferably, the diffusing layer has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the test made by a sclerometer. In particular the mechanical resistance (to scratching) is carried out according to ISO standard 1518-2: 2011 and the diffusing layer supports a spring tension of at least 10N and even at least 16N.

Preferably, said vitreous material (and even enamel) has a chemical composition according to at least one of the following characteristics (preferably cumulative):

- the content by weight of ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + Bi ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O is at least 80%, 90% or 95% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel) and even the content by weight of ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O is at least 80%, 90% or 95% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel),

- the content by weight of ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + Bi ₂ O ₃ is at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel) and even the content by weight of ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ is at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70%, of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

- the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is at least 15%, or 30% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel)

the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is the highest of the weight contents of the composition, or the second weight content.

It is also preferable to avoid (or content by weight of less than 1% of the total weight of the enamel) the transition metal oxides of column 5 to 11 and even 12 - except zinc - of the periodic classification of the elements. We prefer to avoid lead oxide, cadmium, mercury.

The total content of alkaline oxides other than Na ₂ O (such as Li ₂ O, K ₂ O) is preferably at most 3% by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel), in particular 2% and even 1 % or 0.5%. In one case, the only alkaline oxide present is advantageously Na ₂ O.

We can limit to 5% 2%, 1% or 0.5% by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel), the weight content of cumulative alkaline earth metal oxides Mg, Ca, or even Mg, Ca and Ba .

In addition, in a first embodiment, cumulatively:

- the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is the highest, at least 31% or 35% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel)

- the content by weight of boron oxide B ₂ O ₃ is at least 10%, 15% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

the content by weight of silica SiO ₂ is at least 5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and even at most 30%, 25%, 20%

- the Na ₂ O content by weight is at least 5 or 8% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

preferably the content by weight of alumina AI ₂ O ₃ is at least 1% and preferably at most 8% or 6% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel) and the weight content of zirconia is at least 1% and preferably at most 8% or 5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel),

the content by weight of MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO (+ K ₂ O) is at most 5% and preferably at most 2% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

the content by weight of lead oxide PbO is at most 0.5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and better still is zero, and also the content by weight of cadmium oxide, of mercury or of chromium is zero.

And even the preferred chemical composition to minimize blurring can include (or consist of) the following constituents, varying within the weight limits (by weight of the vitreous material (and even the enamel)) defined below: ZnO 31-55%

B ₂ O ₃ 15-30%

SiO ₂ 5-20% and even 10-20%

Na ₂ O 5-15% with ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O> 80% or 90% and preferably

AI ₂ O ₃ 1-5%

ZrO ₂ 1-5%

Bi ₂ O ₃ 0-10% and even 0-2%

TiO ₂ 0-10%

And even:

K ₂ O 0-8% and even 0-2%

SrO 0-8% and even 0-2%

In particular, this composition does not contain lead, mercury (and elements from column 5 to 11) or even other constituents or impurities, or less than 0.3% by weight.

In a second embodiment, cumulatively:

- the content by weight of silica SiO ₂ is the highest, at least 31, 35% or 40% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel)

- the ZnO content by weight is at least 5%, 15% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and even at most 30%,

- the content by weight of boron oxide B ₂ O ₃ is at least 8%, of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

- the Na ₂ O content by weight is at least 5 or 8% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

- optionally the content by weight of alumina AI ₂ O ₃ is at least 0.5% or 1% and preferably at most 8% or 6% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel) and the content by weight of MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO + K2O is at most 5% and preferably at most 4% (of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)

the content by weight of lead oxide PbO is at most 0.5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and better still is zero, and also the content by weight of cadmium oxide, of mercury or in chrome is zero.

And even the preferred chemical composition for chemical resistance can comprise (or consist of) the following constituents, varying within the weight limits (by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel)) defined below: SiO ₂ 31 -60% and even 40% -60%

ZnO 15-30%

B ₂ O ₃ 8-20% and even 8-15%

Na ₂ O 5-20% and even 8-18% with SiO ₂ + ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + Na ₂ O> 80% or 90%

AI ₂ O ₃ 0.5-5%

ZrO ₂ 0-5%

Bi ₂ O ₃ 0-10% and even 0-2%

TiO ₂ 0-12% and even 0-10%

And even:

K ₂ O 0-8% and even 0-4%

SrO 0-8% and even 0-4%

In particular, this composition does not contain lead, mercury (and any element from column 5 to 11) or even other constituents or impurities, or less than 0.3% by weight.

Preferably, concerning the constitution of the diffusing layer, one or more of the following alternative or cumulative characteristics is provided:

- the content by weight of diffusing (solid) particles is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1%, or even zero

- And / or the pigment content by weight is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1%, or even zero

more generally, the content by weight of particles (in particular unfounded, crystals, pigments, and which may be diffusing particles, etc.) is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1% or even zero

- the diffusing layer is colorless, in particular the total weight content of coloring elements (Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, CoO, Cr ₂ O ₃ , MnO ₂ , Se, Ag, Cu, Au, Nd ₂ O ₃ , Er ₂ O ₃ ) is at most 0.5% and even 0.1% of the total weight of the vitreous material and even of the enamel and preferably zero (except unavoidable impurities)

- the weight content of the glassy material is at least 80%, 90%, 95% and even 100% of the total weight of the enamel

- the enamel has a weight content of impurities of not more than 0.5% of the total weight of the enamel

- the diffusing layer (enamel) consists of the porous vitreous matrix and the porosities.

For each of the abovementioned oxides or groups of oxides, each of the lower limits can be combined with each of the upper limits, all the possible ranges not being mentioned here for the sake of brevity. Likewise, each range for a given oxide can be combined with any other range for the other oxides. Here again, not all combinations can be indicated so as not to unnecessarily burden the present text.

Preferably, the glassy material has a coefficient of thermal expansion and a glass transition temperature adapted to those of the glass sheet, and a low ability to devitrification.

The vitreous materials are generally obtained by a process in which a glass frit (of the same chemical composition as the vitreous material) and a typically organic medium are mixed to form a paste, which is deposited on the glass sheet before the cook.

The glass transition temperature Tg1 of the glass frit is low enough to be able to bake at temperatures at which the glass sheet cannot deform. At the same time, the frit must not crystallize (devitrify) during cooking, which would have the effect of generating too much roughness as well as high optical absorption.

Advantageously, the glassy material (very fusible) has a glass transition temperature Tg lower than that of the first glass sheet, in particular less than 590 ° C.

The glass transition temperature is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (also called DSC - for Differential Scanning Calorimetry), under nitrogen, with a temperature rise rate of 10 ° C / minute. We consider here the beginning of the curve (“onset temperature”) for the determination of the Tg.

The coefficient of linear thermal expansion can also be adapted to that of the glass sheet, generally being close to the latter, or slightly lower, in order to avoid during cooling the appearance in the vitreous material of mechanical stresses liable to to damage.

The coefficient of linear thermal expansion CT1 between 20 and 300 ° C of the glass constituting the vitreous material is preferably within a range from 70 to 100.10 ' ⁷ / ° C, in particular 70 to 90.10' ⁷ / ° C. In particular, the first glass sheet has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion CTO between 20 and 300 ° C tq CT0CT1 is positive and is at most 10.10 ' ⁷ / ° C.

The thickness of the first glass sheet is preferably within a range from 0.1 to 6 mm, in particular from 0.3 or 0.7 mm to 6 mm. The first sheet of glass can be with rectangular, square or even other main faces (round, oval, polygonal).

The glass sheet can be of any size, in particular greater than 1.5 m ² .

For the glass of the first glass sheet, it is preferably a glass of the soda-lime-silica type. The glass of the first glass sheet (and even of the glass sheet (s), if any) is preferably of the float type, that is to say capable of having been obtained by a process consisting in pouring the molten glass on a bath of molten tin (“float” bath). In this case, the diffusing layer can be deposited on the “tin” side as well as on the “atmosphere” side of the substrate. The term “atmosphere” and “tin” faces is understood to mean the faces of the substrate having been respectively in contact with the atmosphere prevailing in the float bath and in contact with the molten tin. The tin side contains a small surface quantity of tin having diffused in the structure of the glass.

The first sheet of glass is preferably colorless, and has a light transmission factor of at least 85%, or even 90% preferably within the meaning of standard EN 410: 1998.

The first sheet of glass is preferably colorless, can be a clear glass (of light transmission T _L greater than or equal to 90% for a thickness of 4 mm), is for example a glass of standard soda-lime composition such as Planilux® from the company Saint -Gobain Glass, or extra-clear (T _L greater than or equal to 91.5% for a thickness of 4 mm), for example a soda-lime-silica glass with less than 0.05% of Fe III or Fe ₂ O ₃ Diamant® glass from Saint-Gobain Glass, or Optiwhite® from Pilkington, or B270® from Schott, or other composition described in document WO04 / 025334. You can also choose Planiclear® glass from Saint-Gobain Glass

We can provide other characteristics for the first glass sheet:

the first sheet of glass is tempered, in particular thermal tempering (after baking in a quenching furnace, rapid cooling by nozzles typically), baking in the quenching furnace can be used to form the enamel layer from a composition liquid (paste) - possibly with drying before - based on glass frit

- The first glass sheet is curved and / or toughened.

The first glass sheet (and even the second glass sheet) is preferably thermally toughened. Heat treatment is preferred at a temperature greater than or equal to 450 ° C, preferably greater than or equal to 600 ° C followed by quenching.

Of course, in a most conventional configuration, the monolithic or laminated enameled substrate is not completely opaque (or reflective) so that an object can be seen behind the diffusing layer.

However, one may want a diffusing layer invisible in the extinct state and masked by an opaque additional sheet or with an opaque layer, the light being visible from only one side.

The diffusing layer can comprise or consist of a solid enamel, therefore a solid layer, with preferably a diffusing surface S defined by a length (the largest dimension) at least centimeter and even 3 or 5cm and the width ( the smallest dimension) to the normal length of at least 0.3mm and even 1cm. The flat can have any type of shape (geometric etc) and form a reference or a pictogram (full or almost full).

It can be one or more lines of at least 0.3mm, notably peripheral:

- along an edge (lateral or longitudinal) of the first glass sheet, two adjacent edges, or forming a frame (around the glazing) ...

The diffusing layer may comprise or consist of at least one (first) pattern M comprising a (first) set of disjoint and discrete diffusing elements (identical or not) in particular subcentimetric (in particular at least 0.3 mm) which covers a (first) Z zone.

The term “discrete diffusing element” is understood to mean an element separated from another element at least by a portion of the surface of the first glass sheet not provided with an element. The elements have diffusion properties different from those of the other surface parts of the first sheet of glass which surround them.

The discrete diffusing elements can have varied, symmetrical or asymmetrical shapes. The distribution of the discrete diffusing elements on the substrate can be periodic or aperiodic. Periodic distribution means that the discrete elements are placed on the first sheet of glass in an orderly fashion while an aperiodic distribution means that the discrete elements are placed on the first glass sheet in a random manner. The patterns can include arrays of discs and / or bands and / or sub-patterns, for example formed by a set of segments.

According to the invention, the term "pattern" means a shape defined on a part of the surface of the substrate comprising a set of discrete diffusing elements corresponding to a zone Z resulting from the juxtaposition of a set of discrete diffusing elements and parts of the first glass sheet separating said discrete elements. Zone Z is the smallest area that includes all of the discrete elements in a set. A pattern covering an area Z therefore comprises two parts. Part of the surface of the pattern includes the discrete elements and therefore has special diffusing properties.

The patterns can have any shape and be more or less large. The patterns can cover all or part of the surface of the first sheet of glass. When the pattern corresponds to a part of the surface of the first glass sheet, this part may preferably represent a few cm ² to several m ² .

The first pattern can therefore be a set of solid elements (discrete, punctual) in particular subcentimetric (in particular at least 0.3 mm) and / or forming straight and / or curved segments in particular of subcentimetric width and in particular of at least 0.3mm.

The diffusing elements are in particular:

- solid (geometric patterns like discs, squares, rectangle, ovals)

- or with at least one discontinuity, in particular based on one of straight and / or curved segments (bands), for example forming an open (C-shaped, etc.) or closed (in geometric form: annular, rectangular, triangular, etc.) outline ).

We can of course mix the type of diffusing elements (discs and segments etc).

The coverage rate of the diffusing elements depends on the targeted objective. Diffusing elements can cover at least 50% of the area of zone Z covered by the pattern M.

Furthermore, the coverage rate of the discrete diffusing elements (solid etc.) can be variable, for example greater by moving away from the light source (to maintain the same luminance).

The size and / or spacing between discrete diffusing elements (solid etc) may vary.

It may be desirable for the diffusing layer (solid and / or pattern of discrete elements) to form a light mark, one or more light signals.

In the present application, the designation signaling is based on an iconic and / or linguistic semantics, that is to say using signs (numbers, pictograms, logos, symbolic colors ...) and / or a letter or words .

The diffusing layer can form a light signal, such as a pictogram, for example at least 2cm, 4cm in length and at least 0.3mm, 1 or 2cm in width.

One can form a luminous signaling banner (s):

- peripheral strip along a lateral or longitudinal edge, lower or upper

- central banner.

In one embodiment, during the measurement of blur, the light spot is centimetric at the level of the surface of the diffusing layer, in particular at most 5 cm, in particular approximately 2.6 cm, and in the zone illuminated by the spot la diffusing layer is full or is discontinuous (comprising all or part of said pattern) and preferably occupies at least 30%, 50%, 60% of the spot.

The transparency of the diffusing layer preserves the clear glass in the off state.

The diffusing layer (solid and / or pattern of discrete elements) extends on the first main face as a function of the targeted light surface.

It may be desired that the diffusing layer (in solid color and / or pattern of discrete elements), then called covering, extends over at least 50%, 70% or 80% or 90% of the first main face (in particular outside the area marginal for example less than 1cm from the edge of the first sheet of glass).

However, it may be desired that the diffusing layer (in solid color and / or pattern of discrete elements) - then local - extends over a region of the first main face for example does not extend over at most 50%, 40% or 30% or 20%, 10% of the first side. For example, the local diffusing layer is on the periphery of the first face.

The diffusing layer can cover less than 50% of the surface of the first sheet of glass when it is necessary to preserve a clear of glass in the lit state.

A peripheral strip can be formed along a lateral or longitudinal, lower or upper edge of the first glass sheet.

You can form a light strip and even a light strip (s), in case of plurality each can be illuminated independently and with a different color or not. We can therefore provide several light sources, several colors.

In one embodiment, the surface of the diffusing layer may be a free surface (no other elements on it), in particular on the internal main face of a multiple glazing (two, three, four sheets of glass spaced apart): side internal space which is a blade of gas (air etc) or vacuum.

In another embodiment, the surface of the diffusing layer can be covered by (and in contact with) a transparent element preferably of thickness at most 1.5 mm or submillimetric, in particular a polymeric film in adhesive contact with the layer diffusing or an overlay (monolayer or multilayer). It can be a film glued with an optical glue.

It can be a film glued with an optical glue on the first main face and in particular the enamelled substrate is a monolithic glazing (not part of a laminate or of multiple glazing.

The polymer film can be tinted and / or can carry a functional layer (electrically conductive, etc.). Alternatively the polymeric film (tinted, bearing a functional layer is glued to the second main face.

The polymeric film can be between 5 μm and 1 mm thick, preferably between 10 μm and 500 μm, in particular between 20 and 300 μm, preferably at least 50 μm and at most 200 μm.

The polymeric film can be chosen from a polyester, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), a polycarbonate (PC), a polyolefin such as a polyethylene (PE), a polypropylene (PP), a polyurethane , a polyamide, a polyimide or also a fluorinated polymer such as ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene ethylene (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) and fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers (FEP).

PET is preferred for its transparency, its surface quality, its mechanical strength, its availability, at all sizes. The absorption of this transparent film, in particular of PET, is preferably less than 0.5% or even at most 0.2% and with a blurring of less than 1.5% and even at most 1%.

The optical adhesive is in particular (a resin) based on polyester, acrylic or silicone. It can be a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). A pressure sensitive adhesive, abbreviated PSA and commonly called self-adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied to it secure the adhesive with the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

PSAs are generally based on elastomer coupled with a suitable additional adhesive agent or "tackifier" agent (for example, an ester resin).

Elastomers can be based on:

- acrylates, which can be tacky enough not to require an additional tackifying agent

- nitriles

- silicone, requiring special tackifying agents such as “MQ” type silicate resins, composed of monofunctional trimethyl silane (M) which reacted with quadrifunctional silicon tetrachloride (Q). The silicone-based PSAs are, for example, gums and polydimethylsiloxane resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene

- block copolymers based on styrene such as block copolymers Styrene butadiene -styrene (SBS), Styrene-ethylene / butylene -styrene (SEBS), styreneethylene / propylene (SEP), Styrene isoprene -styrene (SIS),

- vinyl ethers.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive is for example chosen from PSAs based on acrylates and PSAs based on silicone. These adhesives are marketed as rolls of double-sided adhesives. Mention may be made, as silicone-based PSA, of Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2

7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive.

In one embodiment, the first sheet of glass is part of a laminated glazing (possibly curved) comprising:

-the said first sheet, in particular colorless, in clear or extra-clear glass

-a laminating interlayer, especially colorless or even tinted

-and a second transparent sheet preferably of glass (or a plastic such as a poly (methyl methacrylate) or PMMA), in particular colorless, in clear or extra-clear glass or even tinted the first main face is preferably the internal main face of the first sheet, laminating interlayer side, in particular the diffusing layer is in adhesive contact with the laminating interlayer or an overlayer is in adhesive contact with the laminating interlayer.

On the internal face and we observe a better off state rendering. The edges of the enamel are much less visible, probably because there is a difference in the enamel / interlayer index that is less favorable for refraction.

We prefer to choose a lamination interlayer (clear or tinted) that is as blurry as possible, that is to say at most 1.5% and even at most 1%.

These spacers can be based on polymers chosen from polyvinyl vinyl (PVB), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The spacers preferably have a thickness between 10 μm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 1 mm.

The laminating interlayer can be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), formed from one or more films, for example having a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1mm.

The surface of the laminating interlayer may be less than the surface of the laminated glazing, for example leaving a groove (in frame or strip), free and therefore not laminated.

You can choose a classic PVB like RC41 from Solutia or Eastman.

The laminating interlayer may comprise at least one so-called central layer of viscoelastic plastic material with vibro-acoustic damping properties, in particular based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and of plasticizer, and the interlayer, and further comprising two outer layers in Standard PVB, the central layer being between the two outer layers. As an example of an acoustic sheet, mention may be made of patent EP0844075. Mention may be made of the acoustic PVBs described in patent applications WO2012 / 025685, WO2013 / 175101, in particular tinted as in WO2015079159.

The glass of the first and / or of the second glass sheet may have undergone a chemical or thermal treatment of the hardening, annealing or toughening type (in particular for better mechanical resistance) or may be semi-toughened.

In one embodiment, the second glass sheet is made of organic glass (such as polycarbonate or PC, PMMA, cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC) or even polyethylene terephthalate (PET) possibly protected by a coating (on the outside).

The second glass sheet may have functional thin layers on one or the other of its faces or both: one can cite a hydrophobic or self-cleaning, photocatalytic layer on the external face.

The bending of the first and of the second glass sheet can be in one or more directions for example as described in document WO2010136702.

In particular in the case of a tinted laminating interlayer and / or of a second sheet tinted in particular with glass, an optical isolator can be provided on the first main face with a refractive index of less than n1, in particular a layer of porous silica (sol-gel) with a refractive index of at most 1.3 even of at most 1.2 and better of thickness of at least 200nm even of at least 400nm and preferably of at most 1pm. This layer of porous sol-gel silica is described in application W02008 / 059170 in particular in FIG. 11 or even in application W02015 / 101745.

The porous silica layer is discontinuous and the diffusing layer according to the invention is in the discontinuity (s) (on and in contact with the first face).

Alternatively, the porous silica layer can be on either side of the diffusing layer or even just in the area upstream between the edge of coupling with a light source and the edge of the nearest diffusing layer.

It is possible to place an opaque or reflective element (masking decoration, etc.) offset or facing the diffusing layer, in particular on a second transparent sheet.

The first glass sheet may have a masking layer which is often peripheral on the first or second face, for example an opaque black or dark enamel layer forming a peripheral strip or even a peripheral frame.

The first glass sheet may in particular comprise a masking layer, in particular enamel, adjacent to the diffusing layer or on the second face offset from the diffusing layer, in particular peripheral masking layer along the optical coupling wafer light.

The diffusing layer may be more central, offset from the masking layer.

Preferably at least in the guide zone, the width of this layer is eliminated or limited along the optical coupling edge (between the optical coupling edge and the edge of the diffusing layer) to less than 5 cm or even 3 cm.

The light source can be placed in a hole at the level of the peripheral masking or a more central hole, as detailed later.

In the case of laminated glazing, to hide some of the elements, it is known to provide the inner face of the first outer glass sheet (black enamel and / or to provide the inner face of the second inner glass sheet black enamel.

Printing is generally carried out in particular by screen printing on the flat substrate (that is to say before bending), and the face opposite to that on which it is printed is generally placed on a support such as a conveyor belt.

Wider :

- the first glass sheet may have a layer of peripheral inner masking (may be a layer of black or dark enamel, a layer of paint or an opaque ink preferably on the side of the interlayer or on the lamination interlayer or even on an additional carrier film (PET etc).

- And / or the second glass sheet may have a peripheral external masking layer (respectively external masking layer) which is a layer of black or dark enamel, a layer of paint or an opaque ink preferably on the side of the intermediate side or on the lamination interlayer or even on an additional carrier film (PET etc.).

Advantageously, the interior and exterior masking layers are made of the same material, preferably in particular black enamel.

The diffusing layer can be on the interlayer side of the lamination:

- in a saving of the interior masking layer

- next to the exterior masking layer

The first glass sheet may comprise on a second main face opposite the first main face with the diffusing layer of enamel and / or on the first face under the diffusing layer and / or adjacent to the diffusing layer a transparent functional layer - as that this layer does not significantly harm the light guide function (by its absorption, etc.) -.

Naturally, the light transmission factor of the functional layer / first glass sheet / diffusing layer assembly can be lowered by the addition of this layer.

It is important as a priority that the blur remains low (and the sharpness preferably high) preferably at most 15%.

There are several types of functional layers chosen from at least one of the following layers:

an anti-reflective layer, in particular a layer of porous silica, for example sol gel, for example as described in application W02008 / 059170

- an optical isolating layer, for example a porous silica layer and the diffusing layer is opposite, for example

a masking layer adjacent to the diffusing layer, in particular peripheral layer, in particular an enamel layer, preferably of width less than 5 cm or 3 cm between the optical coupling wafer and the edge of the nearest diffusing layer

- an electrically conductive layer, in particular an electrode (electrically conductive layer connected to an energy supply), a layer (forming a circuit) of electric supply of (opto) electronic components (sensors etc.) - if possible the most transparent components and / or discrete possible-, in particular a transparent conductive oxide layer,

- a heating layer, that is to say an electrically conductive layer supplied electrically (typically by two current supply strips), in particular with a heating zone which is connected to at least two electrically conductive bus bars (width of the busbars is preferably 2 mm to 30 mm, 4 mm to 20 mm and in particular 10 mm to 20 mm) intended for connection to a voltage source such that a current path for a heating current is formed between them

a layer reflecting or absorbing solar radiation known as a solar control (and /) or low emissivity layer or an anti-condensation layer, in particular a coating comprising (at least) a functional layer of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) or (at least) a metallic functional layer, a solar control layer which can also serve as a heating layer with a current supply at the periphery

- a protective layer (for example for a shower cubicle wall, bath screen). for example a hydrophobic layer (easy to clean and anti-corrosion), for example made of SnZnO, based on titanium oxide and zirconium as described in application WO2017 / 129916-, on the water side (shower bath) or on the two sides, diffusing layer on opposite side or on the hydrophobic layer

- an anti-frost layer on the internal face of a triple glazing of a climatic chamber

The (each) functional layer (electrically conductive, anti-reflective, etc.) can cover at least 50% and even at least 70% or 80% or even at least 90% of the main face.

The electroconductive layer is a layer (monolayer or multilayer, therefore stacking), preferably with a total thickness less than or equal to 2 μm, particularly preferably less than or equal to 1 μm.

The electrically conductive layer can have a resistance of 0.4 ohm / square to 10 ohms / square of sheet and even from 0.5 ohm / square to 1 ohm / square, with voltages typically from 12 V to 48 V.

A functional layer can be deposited by various techniques for depositing thin layers, such as for example the sputtering technique, in particular assisted by magnetic field (magnetron process), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in particular assisted by plasma ( PECVD, APPECVD), or else by liquid deposition, in particular by screen printing, printing or by sol-gel.

The electrically conductive layer can include transparent conductive oxides (TCO), i.e. materials which are both good conductive and transparent in the visible, such as indium oxide doped with tin (ITO). ), tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine (SnO ₂ : F) or zinc oxide doped with aluminum (ZnO: Al). An ITO-based electrically conductive layer has, for example, a surface resistance of 50 to 200 ohms per square.

These electroconductive layers based on conductive oxides are preferably deposited on thicknesses of the order of 50 to 100 nm.

The TCO layer (of a transparent electrically conductive oxide) is preferably a fluorine doped tin oxide layer (SnO ₂ : F) or a mixed tin and indium oxide layer (ITO). .

Other layers are possible, among which the thin layers based on mixed indium and zinc oxides (called "IZO"), based on zinc oxide doped with gallium or aluminum, based on titanium oxide doped with niobium, based on cadmium or zinc stannate, based on tin oxide doped with antimony. In the case of zinc oxide doped with aluminum, the doping rate (that is to say the weight of aluminum oxide relative to the total weight) is preferably less than 3%. In the case of gallium, the doping rate can be higher, typically in a range from 5 to 6%.

In the case of ΙΊΤΟ, the atomic percentage of Sn is preferably within a range ranging from 5 to 70%, in particular from 10 to 60%. For layers based on tin oxide doped with fluorine, the atomic percentage of fluorine is preferably at most 5%, generally from 1 to 2%.

By “emissivity” is meant the normal emissivity at 283 K within the meaning of standard EN 12898. The thickness of the low emissivity layer (TCO etc.) is adjusted, as a function of the nature of the layer, so as to obtain the desired emissivity, which depends on the desired thermal performance. The emissivity of the low emissivity layer is for example less than or equal to 0.3, in particular to 0.25 or even to 0.2. For ITO layers, the thickness will generally be at least 40 nm, or even at least 50 nm and even at least 70 nm, and often at most 150 nm or at most 200 nm. For layers of fluorine-doped tin oxide, the thickness will generally be at least 120 nm, or even at least 200 nm, and often at most 500 nm.

For example, the low emissivity layer comprises the following sequence: high index sublayer / low index sublayer / a TCO layer / optional dielectric overlay.

As a preferred example of a low emissivity layer (protected during quenching, one can choose a high index sublayer (<40 nm) / low index sublayer (<30 nm) / an ITO layer / high index overlayer (5-15 nm )) / low index overlay (<90 nm) barrier / last layer (<10 nm).

For laminated or multiple glazing, several layers can be combined.

For multiple insulating glazing (such as double or triple glazing te) it is possible to have several anti-reflective layers and / or several layers with low emissivity and / or solar control.

For double glazing preferably the silver layers are facing 2 and / or 3 and

- for example an anti-condensation layer based on TCO (ITO etc) on face 1 (exterior)

- an anti-reflective layer on face 4

The diffusing layer can be on the face 3 for example or the face 4 (possibly on an anti-reflective layer).

For triple glazing preferably the silver layers are facing 2 or 3 and / or 5 and

- for example an anti-condensation layer based on TCO (ITO etc.) on face 1 (exterior).

- an anti-reflective layer on face 3 or 4 and / or 6.

The diffusing layer can be on the face 3, 4.5 for example or the face 6.

The first sheet can be with two anti-reflective layers on each side or a silver or TCO layer and on the opposite side an anti-reflective layer.

For a multiple glazing like an oven door (three, four sheets of glass) we can have on each side a low emissivity and / or solar control layer based on TCO:

The first sheet can be with two TCO layers on each side (based on ITO) or one TCO layer (based on SnO2: F, ITO).

The electroconductive layer can also be a metallic layer, preferably a thin layer or a stack of thin layers, called TCC (for “Transparent conductive coating” in English) for example in Ag, Al, Pd, Cu, Pt In, Mo, At and typically of thickness between 2 and 50 nm.

For the electrode or heating function, a printed busbar preferably contains at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metallic and / or carbon compound, in particular preferably a noble metal and, in particular, silver. The printing paste preferably contains metallic particles, metallic and / or carbon particles and, in particular particles of noble metal such as silver particles. The thickness of a printed bus bar may preferably be from 5 μm to 40 μm, particularly preferably from 8 μm to 20 μm and more particularly preferably from 8 μm to 12 μm.

Alternatively, however, a bus bar may also be in the form of a strip of an electrically conductive sheet. The busbar then contains, for example, at least aluminum, copper, tinned copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten and / or tin or alloys thereof. The strip preferably has a thickness of 10 µm to 500 µm, particularly preferably from 30 µm to 300 µm.

Instead of being on one of the faces of the first sheet and / or of the second (third, fourth) sheet, the layers described above (electrically conductive, solar control, heating, electrode, etc.) can be on a support for preferably transparent polymer (polyethylene terephthalate called PET etc.) in particular within the laminating interlayer for laminated glazing.

One can use for example a clear film of PET coated with an electrically conductive layer, for example clear film of PET called XIR from the company Eastman, a film coextruded in PET-PMMA, for example of the SRF 3M® type (SRF for Solar Reflecting Film), but also many other films (for example PC, polyester, PEN, PMMA, PVC) etc.

As an example of ITO stacking, mention may be made of those in application WO2013 / 132176.

For an anti-condensation function, a TCO is placed for example on the external face of a window (face 1), for example as described in application WO2012 / 022876.

Laminated glazing is capable of carrying many functions (in addition to the above-mentioned solar control heating layers), layers and numerous accessories, among which may be mentioned

- one or more sensors

- heating wires, in particular a thickness less than or equal to 0.1 mm, preferably of copper, tungsten, gold, silver or aluminum or alloys of at least two of these metals

- an electrically controllable device within the laminating interlayer - between two sheets of laminating interlayer (EVA or PVB) - chosen from at least one of the following devices as desired, offset or facing the diffusing layer:

- (to preserve privacy) a liquid crystal device, with a layer of liquid crystals between two electrodes for example as described in patent applications CN 102785555, EP 964288 (for a clear to dark passage): a valve device optical (SPD for suspended particle device in English) (for a variable shade) an electrochromic device an additional light element: an organic diode (OLED).

- a multipixel screen (liquid crystal, active matrix OLED, etc.).

The first sheet of glass with the diffusing layer according to the invention may form part of a multiple glazing comprising said first sheet, a second sheet of glass, sheets preferably spaced apart by a gas layer (air or neutral gas such as argon) or vacuum and fixed:

- at the periphery of the main internal faces, by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame and possibly with a first polymeric seal

- And / or by a mounting frame, in particular profiled (metallic, etc.).

The first sheet of glass may in particular form part of a multiple glazing which is an assembly of several sheets of glass - for example a double or triple glazing comprising said first sheet, a second sheet of glass, a possible third sheet of glass, first and second sheets spaced apart - by a first blade of gas (air or argon) or vacuum - for example by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame for example, (and in particular sealed at the periphery) of the main internal faces of the first and second sheets of glass and possibly second and third sheets spaced apart for example by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame for example and in particular sealed at the periphery of the main internal faces of the second and third sheets of glass.

Preferably, to protect the layer from external aggressions, the diffusing layer is on one of the main internal faces of the first and second glass sheets or of the optional third glass sheet.

For insulating glass, double or triple, a spacer (frame) and a polymeric seal are typically used on the periphery of the internal faces.

Usually, the spacer is fixed inside the insulating glazing by its lateral faces to the main internal faces by butyl rubber which also has the role of sealing the interior of the insulating glazing with water vapor. The spacer is set back inside the glazing and near the longitudinal edges of the edges of said glass sheets, so as to provide a peripheral groove in which are injected a first polymeric seal of the mastic type, such as in polysulfide. or polyurethane. The putty confirms the mechanical assembly of the two 1.1 ’glass sheets and provides a seal against liquid water or solvents.

As an example of an insulating glazing spacer (in particular a profile - made of aluminum, in particular anodized - housing a desiccant), mention may be made of those described in patent application WO2017 / 115061 (in particular FIG. 1 to 4).

As an example of an alternative glass spacer (forming a frame), in particular for climatic furniture (refrigerated), mention may be made of those described in application WO2017 / 157636.

Of course, it is possible to have a diffusing layer of identical nature and even of identical thickness on several internal faces and even on each internal face.

The first sheet of glass can be part of multiple glazing - such as an oven door - which is an assembly of several sheets of glass comprising:

- said first sheet of glass,

- a second sheet of glass,

- preferably a third glass sheet,

- And even a possible fourth sheet of glass first and second sheets spaced apart in particular by a frame and possibly second and third sheets spaced apart in particular by a frame and possibly third and fourth sheets spaced apart in particular by a frame

In particular, the first main face is one of the internal main faces of the first and second, third fourth glass sheets, in particular on a glass sheet intermediate between the facade glass sheets and the cavity sheet for an oven door .

A single piece (metal profile, etc.) can be used as a mounting frame (and spacer) for the two, three, four glass sheets of the oven door (pivoting, etc.).

It is particularly preferred that the first sheet of glass is an interior glazing of multiple glazing with at least three or four sheets of glass.

An opaque or reflective element can be placed (masking decoration, etc.) offset or facing the diffusing layer on the second transparent sheet of multiple glazing.

In an advantageous embodiment allowing a multicolored or more dynamic display, a second glass sheet preferably spaced from the first glass sheet (or even laminated, and with an optical isolator) also comprises, on a main face, another layer of enamel, diffusing, preferably having a width of at least 0.3mm comprising a vitreous material and diffusing elements

- the other layer is ΕΊ at least 5pm thick and at most 20pm thick:

the vitreous material is porous (and transparent), the vitreous material is based on zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth,

- said diffusing elements of the other layer are porosities of gas or vacuum, of characteristic dimension, in particular a diameter, of at least 0.2 μm,

said diffusing elements of the other layer are free of diffusing particles or with a content by weight of diffusing particles of at most 10% of the total weight of the enamel, the whole second or third sheet of glass and the other layer presenting:

- a light transmission factor of at least 75%,

- a blurring of at most 30% and not zero of at least 1%, the other layer being opposite or offset from the diffusing layer.

This other layer can be of the same nature and thickness as the diffusing layer as already described.

For a view from the same side, the patterns can be offset, side by side, possibly being intertwined.

The other layer can be inscribed inside a hollow pattern formed by the first diffusing layer.

We particularly prefer that:

- the first sheet of glass is an interior glazing of multiple glazing with at least four sheets of glass

- The second glass sheet is another interior glazing of said multiple glazing.

The enamelled substrate can form glazing for buildings, furniture in particular:

- for building (greenhouse included): window, (facade, roof, preferably double or triple glazing) including window door, or interior partition, door, entry door, interior window, or even for a glass ceiling or a slab floor (preferably laminated glazing)

- for interior furniture: partition, shower, bath screen, splashback (wall), worktop, table, shelf, door (cupboard, cupboard etc.), display, railing,

- home appliance wall

- commercial refrigerated furniture door or shelf (vertical or horizontal, flat or curved)

- particularly pivoting oven door

- for outdoor, urban and garden furniture: bus shelters, railings, etc.,

As part of the interior design (individuals, office, store), the enamelled substrate is part of a laminated glazing in particular forming:

- a partition,

- a table top

- a totem (in a store).

The diffusing layer is then preferably on the laminating face side (to protect it). As part of the interior design (individuals, office, store) or outdoor furniture (market, fair ...), the enamelled substrate can be a monolithic glazing in particular forming:

- a partition,

- shower glass, furniture

- a table top

- a totem

- glazing of street furniture, such as a bus shelter,

- balustrade glazing,

- display glazing (food counter, etc.) possibly curved

- a display case (commercial facade) possibly curved, a shelf (of furniture, even a refrigerator),

- greenhouse glass.

- heated glazing as for example described in patent application EP2412521

The enamelled substrate can be part of an insulating glazing (preferably double glazing or triple glazing). Insulating glass can be:

- a refrigerated cabinet door (including freezer), especially a commercial refrigerated cabinet (for shops),

- a roof window in particular, a French window.

As an example of luminous glazing for a furniture door, mention may be made of patent application WO2015 / 173516.

A laminated glazing can be provided with an optical isolating film and a second light source optically coupled to the second transparent sheet (of glass) in particular with an additional diffusing layer as already described.

One can also form a laminated glazing with an optical isolator (film etc.) within the interlayer as described in patent application WO2016 / 001597

Is thus known an insulating glazing intended for the opening of a refrigerated enclosure, enclosure in which are exposed cold or frozen products, such as food or drink products, or any other products requiring storage in the cold, for example pharmaceuticals or even flowers. A low emissive coating is preferably on the innermost glazing and on the face oriented internal space.

When products kept in a refrigerated enclosure must remain visible as is the case in many commercial premises today, the refrigerated enclosure is fitted with glass parts which transform it into a refrigerated "display case" whose common name is "refrigerated cabinet of sale ”. There are several variants of these "showcases". Some have the shape of a cabinet and then, it is the door itself which is transparent, others constitute safes and it is the horizontal cover (horizontal door) which is glazed to allow observation content.

As part of an interior building application, in particular professional refrigerated equipment such as a vertical refrigerated furniture door, double glazing will be preferred.

Side A is the exterior side of the equipment. The diffusing layer is preferably on the first glazing which is the outermost of the equipment. The diffusing layer can be on the gas slide side (to protect it).

Luminous glazing (simple glazing, laminated glazing, insulating glazing) may include a mounting profile for glazing, for example metallic (aluminum, etc.) facing the edge of the luminous glazing and even on at least one of the main external faces of the glazing. luminous, the light source (diodes etc.) being in the volume between the mounting profile and the edge of the first glass sheet, the profile comprising a core facing the edge of the glass module, preferably a first wing (cross-section L) and even a second wing (U-shaped section).

The mounting profile can be fitted or fixed by gluing or by any other means to the glazing.

According to the invention, the second wing of the mounting profile can be mobile or removable, providing access to the interior of the profile at any time, in particular after installation (partition ...). The mounting profile can be provided with a closed screen.

The light source, in particular a diode PCB support can be fixed (by its rear face) by gluing or spaced from the glazing and fixed to the mounting profile or to a so-called internal part, preferably metallic (heat sink) extending preferably in width without interfering with the flange (s) of the mounting profile.

The internal part can be fixed to the mounting profile or placed on it or on a block (in the mounting position on a vertical edge of the glazing).

In the case of insulating glazing, the mounting profile and / or the internal part preferably does not create a thermal bridge. A seal can be between the mounting profile (like a carpentry frame to form a window) and the main external faces of the luminous glazing.

In particular, the mounting profile (frame) of the refrigerated furniture door (or window) is preferably associated with the insulating glazing without creating a thermal bridge.

Furthermore, the enamelled substrate can be part of a glazing assembly like that of an oven door.

A conventional oven door consists of two sheets of glass connected at their edge by a frame delimiting between them an internal space also called hot porosity. One of the sheets of glass is the facade glass while the other sheet of glass is the sheet in contact with the oven enclosure. This construction allows for a relatively cold front door.

Preferably, the first sheet of glass is the facade glass.

A preferred oven door can also include three glass sheets, these glass sheets are connected at their edge (edge) by a frame, and delimiting between them two internal spaces. The oven door therefore comprises an exterior or facade glass sheet, an interior glass sheet and an intermediate glass sheet. The inner glass sheet is the glass sheet in contact with the oven enclosure.

The diffusing layer representing information to be displayed is oriented on the enclosure side or on the outer sheet side.

Preferably, the first glass sheet is the intermediate glass sheet.

The diffusing layer can be on a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F can be on the second main face.

The low emissivity layer is preferably turned towards the oven cavity.

We can cite EKOVISION, EKOVISION +, EKOVISION + glasses (an electrically conductive layer on each side) sold by EUROVEDER, in particular the Si ₃ N ₄ / SiO ₂ / ITO / Si ₃ N ₄ / SiO ₂ / TiOx stack. The electrically conductive layer acts as a thermal insulation layer and limits the maximum temperature of the oven door.

Preferably, the first glass sheet (and even the second glass sheet) is toughened.

As an example of an ITO stack, mention may be made of those in patent application WO2015 / 033067.

According to one example, the oven door comprises another intermediate glass sheet comprising at least one other diffusing layer representative of information to be displayed.

Preferably, the first glass sheet is the intermediate glass sheet and the second glass sheet is the other intermediate glass sheet

The diffusing layer can be on a stack based on an electroconductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electroconductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F can be on the second main face. And / or the other diffusing layer may be on a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO , SnO2: F can be on the opposite main face.

According to an example, two light sources are arranged to generate light beams of different colors, one in optical coupling with the first intermediate glass sheet, the other in optical coupling with the second intermediate glass sheet.

According to one example, the external glass sheet (facade glazing) of the oven door (with two, three, four glass sheets as mentioned above) comprises a peripheral coating of black enamel on its cavity face.

For the oven door, the thickness of the glass sheets is preferably within a range from 2 to 5 mm, in particular from 2.5 to 4.5 mm. Thicknesses of 3 or 4 mm are particularly advantageous in terms of cost, weight and thermal insulation of the door. The thickness of the or each air knife is typically in a range from 2 to 6 mm, in particular from 3 to 5 mm. These air knife thickness values are not limitative and may vary depending on the configuration of the oven door and the number of glass sheets it will contain. The total thickness of the door is generally within a range from 6 to 50 mm, in particular from 15 to 40 mm. The glass sheets generally have a rectangular-shaped surface, the corners possibly being rounded.

The invention further relates to an oven comprising an enclosure delimited by a bottom, two side walls, a high wall and a low wall, a sixth side is left open in order to have access to said enclosure, said oven comprising a door oven pivotally mounted and installed to allow the enclosure to be closed, said oven door (with two, three, four glass sheets as mentioned above) comprising the enamelled substrate according to the invention which is

preferably an intermediate sheet, in particular made of silica-calcium glass

-or possibly the cavity sheet, in particular in silica-calcium glass

- or facade glazing, in particular made of silica-calcium glass and preferably without a peripheral masking layer (black enamel, etc.) or at least with a peripheral masking layer having a width (distance from the edge, normal to the tranhce) of at most 5 or 3cm on the optical coupling side with a light source.

The invention also relates to a luminous glazed device comprising the enamelled substrate (monolithic, laminated, multiple glazing) described above and

- a light source which is optically coupled to the first glass sheet, in particular to the edge or to a wall (internal edge) of a hole (closed) of the first glass sheet, direct optical coupling or by means of 'An optical, light source possibly within said hole.

In particular the hole can be:

- blind or through through the thickness for example for a simple glazing

- in the case of laminated glazing, the hole can be through and limited by the lamination interlayer or the lamination interlayer can also be drilled and even the second glass sheet can be drilled (through hole or blind)

An element (optical guide, etc.) can be added between the light source and the wall of the hole or the edge.

The preferably through hole may have any geometric shape mainly limited by the technical feasibility of the drilling process and by the solidity of the pierced glass sheet, for example, circular or rectangular shapes, preferably with rounded angles,

The through hole or holes may preferably be large enough to accommodate several diodes or several diode modules or an intermediate coupling piece.

The extent of the hole (through) preferably does not exceed 100 cm ² , and is advantageously between 0.7 and 50 cm ² .

In the case of laminated glazing, the through hole can be limited to the first sheet, or it can extend through the laminating interlayer and the second transparent sheet. In this case, the drilling is preferably carried out on the glazing after laminating.

In the case where the hole extends through the entire thickness of the glazing, the through hole in the second sheet is advantageously filled with an obstruction element.

Reference may be made to the examples of holes and of light source such as those described in patent WO2013 / 110885 or WO2014 / 131972.

The distance separating the wall (internal edge) from the hole of the diffusing layer is preferably at most equal to 50 cm or even 20 cm, in particular at most equal to 10 cm, and ideally at most equal to 5 cm. This distance is that between the wall and the edge of the diffusing layer closest to this wall.

The light source preferably comprises a plurality of inorganic light emitting diodes even if it is possible to envisage another type such as for example a light strip (OLED etc.).

LEDs or OLEDs are for example integrated in the frame of the casement window on the edge.

The luminous glazed device according to the invention is preferably used as a source of polychromatic lighting, in particular of white light.

The diodes may or may not be integral with the glass

The diodes may or may not be mono or polychrome and be concealed

The diodes can be simple semiconductor chips (without encapsulation or collimation lens), of size for example of the order of a hundred pm or of one or a few millimeters (for example 1mm in width, 2.8mm in length and 1.5 mm in height). They may also include a protective envelope, temporary or not, to protect the chip during handling or to improve the compatibility between the materials of the chip and other materials and / or be encapsulated (for example encapsulation of low volume of type ' SMD '(“surface monted device”), with an envelope, for example of epoxy or nylon type resin, encapsulating the chip and having various functions: protection against oxidation and humidity, diffusing, focusing, or collimation role , wavelength conversion ...).

The total number of diodes is defined by the size and location of the areas to be lit, by the desired light intensity and the required uniformity of light.

The diodes can be (pre) assembled on one or more PCB supports (PCB for Printed Circuit Board in English) or supports with power supply tracks, PCB supports can be fixed to other supports (profiles, etc.) .

The diodes can comprise or even preferably be simple semiconductor chips, for example of width W0 of the order of a hundred μm or from 1 to 5 mm. The width of each diode of the light source is preferably less than the thickness of the first sheet of glass.

Each diode of the light source can be chosen in particular from at least one of the following light-emitting diodes:

- a diode with lateral emission, that is to say parallel to the (faces of) electrical contacts, with an emitting face lateral with respect to the PCB support,

- a diode, the main emission direction of which is perpendicular or oblique to the emitting face of the chip.

The emission diagram of a conventionally Lambertian diode with a half emission angle of 60 °.

A light source can be provided on one side, two sides (opposite or adjacent) or even on three sides

In the case of laminated glazing with a second tinted glazing and / or a clear laminating interlayer (not tinted). If we want a propagation of the greatest number of rays in the first glazing we prefer:

the light source is opposite the edge of the first glass sheet, preferably by centering the emitting face of the light-emitting diodes on the first edge,

- the diffusing layer is directly on the first or the second face of the first glass sheet

- Preferably the refractive index nf of the lamination interlayer is less than n1 by at least 0.01 to 550nm, like PVB especially if distinct from the refractive index of the diffusing layer.

In an advantageous embodiment, one or more sensors linked to the environment and / or to the glazing may be associated with the light sources and / or with the power supply system for said glazing. One can use for example a luminosity detector (photodiode, etc.), a temperature sensor (external or integrated, on the glass or the light sources), the used sensor controlling for example the feeding of the light sources via a computer or central unit. You can define a measurement value of the sensor (maximum brightness for example) beyond which the glazing stops performing one of its functions (extraction of light or activation of light sources in particular). For a higher value, for example, the glazing power supply is blocked and for a lower value, the glazing or one of its functions (for example its brightness level) can be controlled via the information received from or s) sensors. The glazing function can also be "forced" by the user by deactivating the sensors.

The sensors can be inside (e.g. building, vehicle) or outside. The management of the glazing according to the external environment makes it possible for example to improve the durability of the light sources and other components (polymers, electronic components, etc.), limiting their operation under conditions of light and / or temperature. in particular making it possible to significantly reduce (between 10 and 20 ° C minimum) the maximum temperatures to which light sources can be exposed during the use of the product, while retaining the functions of luminous glazing. This coupling also makes it possible to automatically adapt the lighting intensity of the glazing to the external light conditions, without the user having to intervene. Currently, there are more and more plans to add interactivity to household equipment. More particularly, this interactivity comes in the form of different devices making it possible to display information coming from different sensors.

The light source can be controlled by an external signal or include a sensor module comprising at least one sensor. The sensor is chosen from a non-exhaustive list of sensors, including temperature, brightness, humidity, CO or CO2 type gases, etc. These sensors measure the following elements: Light, Colors, Level, Position, Pressure, Sound, Temperature, Angle, Magnetic field, Flow, Displacement, Distance, Force, Inertials, Stress, Current, Particles.

This sensor module communicates with a calculation module arranged to receive the data from the sensor module and analyze it. This analysis makes it possible to generate at least one control signal to send

For example, in the case of a temperature sensor, a diffusing layer can indicate in the form of a pictogram that it is too cold outside while another diffusing layer can indicate that it is too hot.

In another example, a first diffusing layer makes it possible to display information related to the temperature via a temperature sensor while a second diffusing layer makes it possible to display information related to the air quality via a CO2 sensor .

The diffusing layer comprising a glassy material is preferably obtained by a process in which:

- a glass frit is mixed with an organic medium so as to form a paste,

- said paste is deposited on the first glass sheet,

- we cook the whole thing.

The deposition of the dough can be carried out preferably by screen printing, or by ink jet, by digital printing, by dipping, by application with a knife, by spraying, by spinning, by vertical coating or even using a slot die coating.

Thus, the invention also relates to the method of manufacturing the enamelled substrate described above which includes the formation of a diffusing layer involving in this order:

- depositing on the first sheet of calcium silicate glass preferably by screen printing of a liquid composition (paste of suitable viscosity) with a wet thickness of at least 10 μm and at most 40 μm, and better still from 15 to 30 μm comprising a frit of glass and an organic medium, in particular water-soluble,

- preferably drying (in particular by infrared or even ultraviolet) at a temperature of at most 150 ° C and preferably between 100 ° or 110 ° C and 130 ° C

- baking at a temperature Te (above Tg1 between at least 40 ° C in particular) between 630 ° C and 720 ° C, in particular from 120s to 200s, in particular for a period of 30 to 50s per mm of glass .

The temperature is controlled (not too high) in order to trap enough closed porosities.

Drying eliminates the vast majority of the solvent (at least 80% for example) by limiting the risks of pollution of the surface by dust which would impact the transparency of the diffusing layer

The temperature and the duration can preferably also be fixed in order to be part of a quenching (thermal) or bending (hot) quenching process.

The temperature and the duration preferably can preferably also be fixed to be part of a lamination process.

The first sheet of glass that is part of a laminate can be cold curved for flexibility (its thinness) and the second sheet of glass is thicker.

In particular, these temperatures in an oven are preferred during a bending operation and / or a thermal quenching (before or without bending) following baking.

In particular the oven can be in an industrial heating (bending) quenching line. The quenching does not modify the optical characteristics of the diffusing layer.

The bending is done:

- by gravity collapse, for example as described in patents WO2007138214, W02006072721, in particular the first and second glass sheets can be deposited in a bending furnace, stacked and in contact with one another, on a skeleton for bending by collapse gravity

- or by suction for example as described in patent W002 / 064519

In curved laminated glazing, the first sheet of glass is not necessarily thermally toughened and / or curved by heating when it is thin

In particular, these times are compatible with the cooking time in a quenching or bending quenching heating line.

The duration can be adjusted according to the thickness of the first sheet of glass. This solution is compatible with glazing that needs to be toughened.

Advantageously, the first glass sheet being conveyed on a conveyor with the first main face opposite the conveyor side, the baking is in an oven on the conveyor, bending oven if necessary, and is optionally the baking is followed by thermal tempering.

Conventionally, the lamination comprises evacuating - by any means of aspiration - heating and possible pressurization.

Thus, the lamination may include degassing, sealing of the edge, autoclave and involves the implementation of temperatures and pressures appropriate in the usual way, during the autoclave, the sheet such as PVB is brought to relatively high temperature (greater than 100 ° C for PVB often between 90 ° c and 140 ° C), which will soften it and allow it to creep. When using several sheets, in particular PVB, a remarkable phenomenon occurs then, the interfaces between the different PVBs will disappear, the PVB will somehow heal to form only a homogeneous and continuous film at the end of the autoclave.

Under the usual conditions for assembling laminated glazing, combining heating, placing under vacuum (vacuum) inside the laminated structure aims to evacuate the air present between the various constituents (surface of the interlayer of rough and irregular lamination before heating), and possibly the application of pressure outside the laminated structure to promote bonding and lasting cohesion of the assembly.

- The steps in which the laminated structure is subjected to a vacuum are for example carried out by tight confinement of the entire periphery, such as by means of a peripheral envelope of elastomer type often designated by the English terms "vacuum ring" and aspiration in the peripheral volume confined by a hole in this envelope;

according to an alternative, the steps in which the laminated structure is subjected to a vacuum are carried out by means of a vacuum enclosure or a vacuum bag

For the assembly of laminated glazing in which a waterproof elastomer envelope is fitted over the entire peripheral part, provided with an orifice by which a vacuum is applied by suction. The waterproof envelope is often referred to by the English term "vacuum ring". We therefore vacuum to evacuate the air present in the cold laminated structure for at least 30 min, in this case 90 min, then we heat while continuing to vacuum

The duration can be adjusted according to the thickness of the first sheet of glass. This solution is compatible with glazing that needs to be toughened.

Screen printing is a well-known printing technique which uses a screen printing screen consisting of a fabric on which the patterns to be printed on the substrate are reproduced and a doctor blade making it possible to apply a sufficient shear force to pass the paste through the meshes of the screen through the openings corresponding to the pattern to be printed and deposit said paste on the substrate.

To obtain a substrate comprising a discontinuous diffusing layer based on enamel, the composition in the form of paste is applied to the substrate then undergoes a heat treatment at a temperature and for a time sufficient to allow the melting of the frit and the formation of porosities.

The glass frit is preferably obtained by melting raw materials and then forming the frit. The raw materials (oxides, carbonates ...) can be melted at temperatures of the order of 950 to 1100 ° C, then the glass obtained can be cast, for example laminated between two rollers. The glass obtained can then be ground, for example in a ball mill, a jet mill, a ball mill, or an attrition mill.

The glass frit is preferably in the form of particles whose D90 is at most 20 μm, in particular 5 μm, or even 4 μm. The particle diameter distribution can be determined using a laser granulometer.

In the case of screen printing, a screen made of a textile or metallic mesh is preferably used, coating tools and a doctor blade, the control of the thickness being ensured by the choice of the mesh of the screen and by its tension, by the choice of the distance between the glass sheet and the screen, by the pressures and speeds of movement of the doctor blade.

To obtain the enamel paste, the glass frit (s) are mixed, that is to say the compounds which form the matrix, and preferably only the organic medium.

The glass frit is previously finely ground (D50 - 2 to 5 μm) in particular to facilitate its passage through the meshes of a screen printing screen. The glass frit and the diffusing elements are dispersed at high shear in the medium using a disc disperser. Dispersion can be improved by using a three-cylinder mill.

The organic compounds of the organic medium are preferably chosen for their low vapor pressure so as not to dry in the screen printing screens.

The organic compounds are preferably at a high boiling temperature of the order of 200 ° C.

The solid / liquid ratios are preferably chosen to obtain a paste of suitable viscosity.

The organic medium take or even consist of one or more of the following organic compounds of alcohols, esters, glycols, in particular esters of glycol, of terpineol. Terpineols, or terpinols or even terpinoles, are monocyclic unsaturated monoterpene alcohols (monoterpenols) of crude formula Ci ₀ H ₁₈ O.

The medium can comprise or even consist of one or more of the following organic compounds: ethyl ether and diethylene glycol, butyl ether of diethylene glycol, vegetable oils, mineral oils, petroleum fractions of low molecular weight, tridecyl alcohol, synthetic or natural resins (for example cellulosic resins or acrylate resins), propylene glycol (PM) monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM), monomethyl ether of tripropylene glycol (TPM), propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (PnB), dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (DPnB), tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ether propylene glycol mono-n-propyl (PnP), dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether (DPnP), tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether (TPnB), propylene monomethyl ether acetate glycol (PMA), Dowanol DB (diethylene glycol monobutyl ether) sold by Dow Chemical Company, USA, or other ethers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

Additives may be added in order to obtain a paste whose shear-thinning properties are satisfactory to allow the transfer of the paste from the screen to the substrate. These additives can be cellulose fragments or acrylates.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the enamel paste is obtained from a composition comprising or even consists of:

- from 70 to 80% by mass of a borosilicate glass frit of zinc and / or bismuth, preferably a glass borosilicate frit of zinc or even bismuth, and in particular the compositions indicated above

- from 20 to 30% of the medium (organic), in particular water-soluble.

Cooking can be in radiative exclusive mode or in radiative / convective hybrid. In the latter case, air flows are added directly during cooking to the furnace's heating body, making it possible to further homogenize the temperature of the sample.

The present invention will be better understood and other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the examples of the glazed luminous device according to the invention illustrated by the following figures:

- Figures 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g are sectional views of glazed glazing according to the invention obtained by scanning electron microscopy

- Figures 1 h, 1 i are photographs of the surface of an enamelled glazing according to the invention with a reference pattern behind

- Figures 1j is a view of the surface of an enamelled glazing according to the invention obtained by optical microscope

- Figure T shows a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is a monolithic glazed glazing illuminated by the edge in a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2a represents a schematic front view of a light tablet comprising an enameled monolithic glazing illuminated by the edge in a second embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 2b shows a schematic front view and in elevation of a piece of furniture with a light shelf comprising a monolithic enamelled glazing lit by the edge in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 2c shows a schematic side view of a piece of furniture with light shelves each comprising a monolithic enamelled glazing illuminated by the edge in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 2d shows a schematic elevation view of a light table comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by the edge in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 3a shows a schematic sectional view of an enameled laminated glazing illuminated by a wafer in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 3b shows a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising two glazed glazings illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 3c shows a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a wafer in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 3d shows a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 4a shows a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed hole passing through in an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 4b shows a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing (for example) laminated comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed through hole in another embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 4c shows a schematic front view of an enamelled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed through hole 15 in an embodiment of the invention.

- Figure 5a shows a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is an insulating glazing for a refrigerated furniture door in a fifth embodiment of the invention.

- Figure 5b shows a schematic front view of a refrigerated cabinet with a light door of refrigerated cabinet.

- Figure 6a shows a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular which is the interior glazing.

- Figure 6b shows a schematic view of Figure 6a

- Figure 6c shows a schematic view of Figure 6a in a first variant

- Figure 6d shows a schematic view of Figure 6a in a second variant

- Figure 6e shows a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing, of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention.

of front of front of of of the front of the glazing glazing glazing luminous luminous luminous luminous of de la la

- Figure 6f shows a schematic elevation view of the two light panes of Figure 6e

- Figure 6g shows a schematic front view of the two luminous glazings of Figure 6e

- Figure 6h shows a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the triple glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular the external glazing.

-Fig. 7a is a diagrammatic side view of a household appliance such as an oven comprising the oven light door according to the invention;

- Figure 7b is a schematic sectional view of the door of Figure 7a, with three sheets of glass

- Figure 7c is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b; FIG. 7d is a schematic front view of the door of FIG. 7b in a variant;

FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a section of a light oven door according to an embodiment with four sheets of glass;

- Figure 8 'is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 8

FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of a section of a light oven door according to an embodiment with four sheets of glass;

- Figure 9 'is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 9

I. Examples of simple glazed glazing

To make simple glazed glazings, Planiclear® glasses sold by the company Saint-Gobain with a thickness of 4 mm are used. Their T _L is 92% and their blur is at most 0.08%.

The "enamel" paste used is a composition which first comprises a glass frit based on zinc borosilicate and in some cases bismuth.

Four examples of the composition of glass frits A to D and their Tg are given in Table 1 below.

% weight / Ref composition AT B VS D ZnO 46.3 18 20.9 18.9 B2O3 25.2 15.6 9.7 13.2 N32O 11.0 13.0 11.1 SIO2 12.5 6.0 43.0 50.7 Al2O3 1.5 2.9 0.6 ZrO ₂ 2.7 5.7 1.7 B12O3 54.0 K ₂ O 0.9 3.2 0.2 TiO ₂ 7.1 1.1 SrO 2.2 Total 99.2 100% 99.8 99.7 Tg <590 ° C <590 ° C <590 ° C <590 ° C

Table 1

The chemical analysis was carried out by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and by ICP-AES to evaluate the boron (lithium was not detected).

When the sum of the oxides is not 100%, this can be attributed to impurities (less than 0.3%) within the vitreous matrix.

The "enamel" paste used is a composition which comprises, in addition to the glass frit, a medium serving as an organic binder and providing a rheology adapted to a screen printing medium. This medium is for example water-soluble.

The “enamel” paste A1 comprises, relative to the total mass of the composition:

- 75% of component A

- 25% of the organic medium which is water-soluble and made up of solvents of the glycol ether type and of polymeric resin of the cellulose fragments type.

The “enamel” paste B1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:

- 75% of component B

- 25% of the organic binder medium which is water-soluble and based on solvents of the glycol ether type and of polymeric resin of the cellulose fragments type.

The “enamel” paste C1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:

- 75% of component C

- 25% of the organic binding medium which is not water-soluble based on alcohol diacetone.

The “enamel” paste D1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:

- 75% of component D

- 25% of the organic binder medium which is not water-soluble based on alcohol diacetone. The wet thickness E _h of the enamel paste layer deposited by screen printing with a suitable screen on the glass sheet varies according to the tests from 12 to 25 μm and never exceeds 40 μm.

The viscosity is preferably between 8 and 12 Pa.s.

Drying is then carried out under infrared lamps with a power of 1800W, making it possible to reach 150 ° C. in 140s. This is to eliminate the majority of solvents. It should be noted that pre-drying has a positive effect on the quality of the layer, in particular preventing the trapping of dust, etc.

The oven baking temperature (much higher than that of the Tg) also varies according to the tests between 640 ° C and 720 ° C (set temperature of the oven). The cooking time also varies according to the tests between 180s and 400s.

The enamel diffusing layer thus obtained is a flat 15 cm by 6 cm.

Light transmission, blurring and image clarity measurements were made. For a given composition, the TL, the blur, the sharpness of the image of the diffusing layer vary according to the wet thickness deposited as well as the cooking (temperature).

It is possible to optimize these characteristics of the diffusing layer by adjusting the printing parameters (wet thickness deposited) and the baking parameters (temperature) and even the type of oven (radiative, convective).

However, the light extraction capacity (evaluated by the desired luminance criterion) requires a compromise. Indeed, too weak a blur means zero or insufficient extraction.

Series n ° 1

In this first series of eight tests 1a to 4, the oven used is exclusively radiative. The results are reported in Table 2 below.

Ex Ref ref T ° C time (s) E _h (pm) E1 (Pm) TL (%) H (%) Image sharpness (%) 1a AT 710 180 25 10 87 7.9 97.5 1b AT 710 180 14 6.5 89.1 4.1 97.4 1 C AT 680 180 25 10 86.7 10.1 96.4 1d AT 640 400 25 10 84.9 14.5 97.8 2 B 720 180 20 8.5 83.5 22.5 92.8 3a VS 710 220 22 9 89 10.9 44 3b VS 710 220 16 7 89.6 14.0 48 4 D 720 180 22 9 87.5 13.4 54.2

Table 2

All samples have high light transmission. The blurring ranges from 4.1% to 22.5%, the image sharpness from 44% to 97.8%. Image clarity is the most discriminating visual criterion (the most dispersed results). Regardless of the light extraction, the best results are for tests with composition A.

For composition B, the blur is much higher but the sharpness is retained. For compositions C and D the blur is slightly higher but the sharpness is degraded.

The thickness-diffusing layer was observed with a scanning electron microscope tests 1a, 2, 3a.

Figures 1a to 1g thus show sectional views of the diffusing layer at different scales.

The thickness of the enamel layer is constant.

In FIGS. 1a and 1b, we observe for sample 1a closed and unconnected spherical porosities 3, the majority of which have a diameter D ranging from 1 μm to 6.5 μm. These porosities are close to the free surface.

In FIGS. 1c, 1d and 1e, we observe for sample 3 closed and unconnected spherical porosities 3 of diameter D ranging from 0.3pm to 8pm.

In FIG. 1d, porosities 3 of the following size are detected: 320nm, 490nm 510nm, 700nm, 930nm, 1390nm, 1680nm, 2030nm, 2190nm.

In FIG. 1e, porosities of the following size are detected: 920nm, 1110nm, 1750nm, 1310nm, 7700nm.

These porosities are as close to the interface with the glass as to the free surface.

Figures 1f and 1g show for sample 2 closed and unconnected spherical porosities, the majority of which have a diameter D of less than 0.5 μm. These small porosities are close to the free surface.

The surface of test 1a was also observed by optical microscopy as shown in FIG. 1j at a magnification of 600. The porosities 3 can be distinguished by contrast.

Figures 1h, 1i are two photographs of the surface of sample 1a with a reference pattern 23 behind:

- parallel black bands (Figure 1 h),

- 7 lines of capital letters decreasing in size from bottom to top (Figure 1 i).

These test patterns 23 are remarkably identifiable.

Although references C and D have a level of image clarity (%) significantly lower than the other references, these two references have improved chemical resistance, for example in the following cases:

- exposure to high humidity and high temperature for 56 days (EN 1096)

- exposure to corrosive cleaning products.

The gloss is measured in UB gloss unit with a Glossmeter, with the MICRO TRIGLOSS device (BYK-GARDNER) according to Standard ISO 2813 (measurement on the diffusing layer side with an angle of 60 °).

The fusibility of the enamel of component A results in a smooth layer surface which gives a high gloss greater than 140 UB. The gloss decreases slightly with thickness. The gloss of the enamel in component B is also greater than 100 UB. On the other hand, the gloss of the enamel of component C is 40 UB. The gloss of the enamel of component D, on the other hand, is 50 BU.

A diode module (SAMSUNG V2.2 module - 28 _ 120116) with 12V voltage is placed opposite the edge of the glass sheets. The emission angle is 120 °. The flux is 89 Lumens.

To assess luminance L at normal, the Lumicam ref 1201 device is used.

The results are recorded in Table 3 below with an assessment of the quality as a function of the transparency (especially blurring) and of the light extraction.

Ex Ref ref E1 (Pm) TL (%) H (%) Image sharpness (%) L (Cd / m ² ) Quality Blur / extraction 1a AT 10 87 7.9 97.5 82 +++++ 1b AT 6.5 89.1 4.1 97.4 40 ++++ 1 C AT 10 86.7 10.1 96.4 77 ++++ 1d AT 10 84.9 14.5 97.8 98 +++ 2 B 8.5 84.1 21.1 92.9 63 ++ 3a VS 9 89 10.3 44 52 + 3b VS 7 89.6 13.5 50.9 41 + 4 D 9 87.5 12.8 54.6 65 +

Table 3

The luminance varies from 40 to 98 Cd / m ² . The highest blur (test 2) does not necessarily imply the highest luminance. Thus, for a given thickness, the best results are obtained with composition A than with composition B which is differentiated by its high bismuth content.

Series # 2

In this second series 1e to 1d, composition A is kept with the two possible thicknesses. The viscosity is fixed at 12 Pa.s.

The major difference is that the oven used is convective with introduction into the heating body of air flows of variable pressures (increasing with frequency F), with temperatures varying between 690 ° C and 710 ° C.

The results are in table 4 to be compared with the preceding cases 1a and 1b (delivered) in exclusive radiative mode (F = 0).

A diode module (SAMSUNG V2.2 module - 28 _ 120116) with 12V voltage is placed opposite the edge of the glass sheets. The emission angle is 120 °. The flux is 89 Lumens.

To assess luminance L at normal, the Lumicam ref 1201 device is used.

The results are reported in Table 4 below with an assessment of the quality as a function of the transparency (especially blurring) and of the light extraction.

Ref T ° C duration (S) F z) E _h (pm) E1 (Pm) TL (%) H (%) Image sharpness (%) L (Cd / m ² ) Quality Blur / extr action 1a 710 180 0 25 10 87.0 7.9 97.5 82 +++++ 1b 13 6.5 89.1 4.1 97.4 40 ++++ first 690 170 30 25 10 86.1 9.5 97.1 72 ++++ 1f 13 6.5 90.9 1.2 98.9 12 - first 690 170 50 25 10 85.8 9.9 96.8 79 ++++ 1f 690 170 50 13 6.5 90.8 1.4 10 - 1g 700 170 50 25 10 89.4 3.8 98.6 35 +++ 1i 710 10 30 25 10 90.4 1.9 99.2 18 -

Table 4

The fusibility of the enamel of component A results in a smooth layer surface which is given by a high gloss (greater than 100) measured with the Glossmeter, with the MICRO TRIGLOSS device (BYK-GARDNER) according to the standard. Standard ISO 2813 (measurement on the diffusing layer side with an angle of 60). The gloss decreases slightly with thickness.

Although references C and D have a level of image clarity (%) significantly lower than the other references, these two references have improved chemical resistance, for example in the following cases:

- exposure to high humidity and high temperature for 56 days (EN 1096)

- exposure to corrosive cleaning products.

Analysis of the results in Tables 2 to 4 leads to the following trends.

For a given temperature in radiative mode as convective, the increase in thickness greatly increases the luminance, because the number of porosities of suitable size increases statistically.

For the most limited level of blurring possible, the luminance is better in radiative mode than in convective mode.

In radiative mode, with regard to composition A, the best compromise (low blurring, high sharpness, sufficient luminance) is obtained with a temperature greater than or equal to 710 ° C. Luminance remains high at lower temperature

Conversely, for a convective mode, concerning composition A, good results are observed as long as the temperature is not too high, less than or equal to 690 ° C.

At 710 ° C and 720 ° C, very few porosities remain.

It should be noted that the luminance is similar on the layer or opposite side and that the luminance is stable: (same result along the perpendiculars to the diodes).

Other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the examples of the glazed luminous device according to the invention illustrated by the following figures

II. Examples of luminous glazed devices according to the invention

It should be noted that for the sake of clarity the various elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

FIG. 1 represents a schematic sectional and partial view of a luminous glazing 100 ’monolithic in a first embodiment of the invention.

In FIG. 1, it is a simple glazing 1 with a slice and main faces called face A and face B, for example rectangular (of dimensions 300 × 300 mm for example), made of mineral, flat and tempered glass having a first main face 11 corresponding to face B and a second main face 12 corresponding to face A, and a slice 10 for example rounded or flat (to avoid flaking) here longitudinal slice (or in lateral variant); for example, it is a sheet of silica-calcium lime glass, extra-clear like a diamond glass sold by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, of thickness equal for example to 3 mm, glazing with a refractive index n1 of the order of 1.51 to 550nm.

When the diodes are off, the glazing alone has a light transmission T _L of the order of 92% and blurring of less than 0.2%.

Light emitting diodes 4 extend along the edge of glazing 1. These are top-emitting diodes. Thus these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 41 opposite the first wafer 10, for example a parallelepiped strip, and their emitting faces are perpendicular to the PCB support and to wafer 10. The PCB support is for example fixed by the optical glue 6 (or a transparent double face) to the first section 10.

The PCB support with the diodes is between the first section and a metal profile 7 (aluminum, stainless steel, for heat dissipation) or even plastic (rigid) of U-shaped section, comprising a core 70 opposite the first section, a first wing (optional but preferred) 71 extending until facing the peripheral edge of the first face 11 and a second wing 72 (optional but preferred) extending until facing the peripheral edge of the second face face 12. The PCB support can be against or fixed to the core 70 (possibly by removing the glue 6). In the case of side-emitting diodes, the PCB support can be against or fixed to the first or second wing.

The light-emitting diodes each comprising an emitting chip capable of emitting one or more radiations in the visible guided (s) in the first glazing 1. The diodes 4 are of small sizes typically a few mm or less, in particular of the order of 2 × 2 × 1 mm, without optics (lens) and preferably not pre-encapsulated to minimize clutter.

The distance between the diodes and the edge 10 is reduced as much as possible, for example from 1 to 2 mm.

The main emission direction is perpendicular to the face of the semiconductor chip, for example with an active layer with multi quantum wells, of AlInGaP technology or other semiconductors.

The light cone is a Lambertian type cone, +/- 60 °.

The glazing 100 may have a plurality of light zones, the light zone or zones preferably occupying less than 50%, of the surface of at least one face, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round ...)

The light ray A (after refraction on the edge 10) propagates by total internal reflection (at the level of the second face 12 and of the face 11 called face A) in the first glazing 1 forming a light guide.

For the extraction of light, a diffusing layer 2 of transparent enamel is deposited on the second face 12 of the first glazing, for example like that with component A.

It comprises a transparent matrix 50, preferably colorless, in particular with a refractive index n2 at least equal to n1 or such that n1-n2 is at most 0.15, the matrix is porous with closed porosities

The deposition of the diffusing layer can be carried out before or after quenching. Alternatively, the diffusing layer 2 is on the side A.

The ray A refracted in the diffusing layer 2 meets a diffusing porosity allowing the extraction of light.

We can choose diodes emitting white and / or colored light for mood lighting, reading ... We can choose a red light possibly alternately with green light for signaling in the train.

When the LEDs are on, the extraction can form a bright pattern, such as a logo or brand.

The glazing 100 for example is a shower wall. The face 11 or 12 may have a hydrophobic layer, if necessary the diffusing layer is on this layer.

The glazing 100 is vertical or horizontal, for example a display case or a work surface. The face 11 or 12 may have an anti-reflective layer (facing the user), if necessary the diffusing layer is on this layer.

FIG. 2a represents a schematic front view of a tablet 200a comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by the edge by diodes in a second embodiment of the invention;

In this configuration, the diffusing layer 2 is a set of disks of variable size 51 from one longitudinal edge to the other:

- end zone Z1 small discs (0.6mm) spaced 3mm apart, with a recovery rate of 12%

- opposite end zone Z2 large discs (1.1mm) closer together, spaced 2mm apart, with a recovery rate of 48%

- with two sets of diodes 4, 4 ’along the longitudinal edges.

By way of illustration, using glazing with the diffusing layer of composition A - in the zone Z1 the blurring is 4% and the sharpness is 98%

-in Z2 the blur is 11% and the sharpness 91%.

FIG. 2b is a front perspective view of a light shelf 200b comprising a monolithic enameled glazing illuminated by the edge by diodes.

The diffusing layer 2 comprises for example three light circles 50a, 50b, 50c for example on the upper face, in the form of flat areas or small discrete elements.

The high, low, and lateral surfaces 102, 105, 103, 104 and the bottom surface 101 ’are, for example, white.

The piece of furniture can include one or more light shelves according to the invention that are identical or with distinct light patterns.

FIG. 2c represents a sectional view of a piece of furniture 200c integrating two light shelves 100 each comprising a monolithic enameled glazing lit by the edge, for example like that of FIG.

The piece of furniture has a vertical panel 201 on one foot, a panel housing the light shelves.

The diffusing layer 2 comprises, for example, light rectangles, for example on the upper face, in the form of flat areas or small discrete elements.

Figure 2d shows an elevation view of a light table

The table comprises on the external or internal face the diffusing layer 2 forming for example six discs 50. The diodes 4 are masked. For example between the front glazing with the diffusing layer and a rear glazing 1.

FIG. 3a represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a section by diodes in an embodiment of the invention.

The luminous glazing 300a differs from that 100 ’described in FIG. T by the fact that it is a laminated glazing which also includes:

a lamination interlayer 6 ′, for example clear PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, preferably fuzziness of at most 1.5%, with a longitudinal section here substantially aligned with the longitudinal section 10, lamination interlayer d refractive index n _f less than n1 equal to 1.48 at 550 nm

- a second glazing T, of the same dimensions and of the same glass composition with a so-called internal or laminating main face 13 opposite the second face 12, and another main face 14, and a section 10 'here longitudinal.

Alternatively, in particular for building or furniture applications, the laminating interlayer 6 ′ is a clear EVA with a thickness of 0.76 mm, preferably a blur of at most 1.5%, with a refractive index n _f substantially equal to n1.

The diffusing layer 2 can be on the face 12 or alternatively the face 13. The pattern of the layer 2 is formed to order.

This glazing 300a for example can be used as a partition, a floor slab, be integrated into double or triple glazing.

Of course, laminated glazing can include other elements such as:

- one or more sensors

- a liquid crystal device, offset or opposite the diffusing layer, within the PVB 6 ’

- a functional layer (on a PET film, etc.) within the laminate, etc.

FIG. 3b represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300b comprising two glazed glazings illuminated by a section by diodes and optically isolated to have two luminous zones of distinct colors in an embodiment of the invention.

It comprises :

- A first glazing 1, here rectangular in shape with external 11 and internal 12 faces

a first light source 4, here a first set of red and green light-emitting diodes 4 aligned on a printed circuit board said first PCB support 41, source optically coupled to the first wafer 10,

- A first extraction surface (forming a pattern, etc.) on the internal face 12, which is a first diffusing layer of transparent enamel according to the invention, discontinuous, in the form of first discrete diffusing elements of size (width and / or length ) any; here for example a network of decorative elements, for example geometric 3cm wide -

The internal face 12 and the first patterns 2 above are (directly) covered by:

- a first laminating interlayer 6 made of thermoplastic material here of submillimetric EVA, in a 0.38mm sheet, transparent even clear, having (only) a blur of at most 1.5%, and even 1%

- a low index 55 film, made of fluoropolymer, forming the first (and here unique) optical isolator, preferably ETFE or FEP and of thickness 50 μm having first and second main faces treated by corona treatment such as the product called Norton ETFE from the company Saint Gobain Performance Plastics with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.4 or the Norton FEP product from the company Saint Gobain Performance Plastics with a refractive index n2 equal to approximately 1.34,

- a second 6 ”laminating interlayer made of thermoplastic material, preferably transparent, clear EVA, identical (nature, thickness, one sheet) to the first laminating interlayer, in adhesive contact with the face 22 of the low index film 2, and of index of refraction n'3

- a second glazing T, made of mineral glass, identical to the first glazing, with a main bonding face 13 on the side of the second laminating interlayer 6 ", an opposite face called the second face 14, a second section 10’,

The glass assembly also includes:

- a second light source 4 ', here a second set of red and green light-emitting diodes aligned on a printed circuit board said second PCB support 4T, source optically coupled to the second wafer 10', the second glazing T guiding the light emitted by these diodes 4 ′, preferably spaced apart (spaced here) by at most 1 mm from the second section, preferably centered on the second section and of width less than the thickness of the second glazing T,

- A second extraction surface on the bonding face 13, here a second discontinuous diffusing layer in transparent enamel according to the invention, of nature and thickness (substantially) identical to the first diffusing layer 2, in the form of second diffusing elements 5 offset from the first (and even here spaced),

The first light source 4 is therefore dynamically controlled to emit at the instant t0 via a first series of diodes 4 a first main radiation at a first wavelength called λ1 and possibly, in dynamic mode, at the instant t '#tO via a second series of diodes 4 a second main radiation at a second wavelength called λ2 distinct from λ1.

The second light source 4 ′ is therefore dynamically controlled to emit at the instant t0 via a third series of diodes 4 ′ a third main radiation at a third wavelength called λ3 distinct from λ1 and preferably in dynamic mode , at time t '# tO via a fourth series of diodes 4' a fourth main radiation at a fourth wavelength called λ4 distinct from λ3.

As an example, with two colors, green and red, switchable for each 4.4 ’to tO source:

- the first source 4 emits in the green with λ1 in a range from 515nm to 535nm and at half-height spectral width of less than 50nm (and the extracted light C1 is green defined by a first main extracted radiation at λ T substantially equal to λ1, distinct from at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm),

- the second 4 ′ source emits in the red with λ3 in a range from 615nm to 635nm and at half-height spectral width of less than 30nm (and the extracted light C3 is red defined by a third main extracted radiation at λ3 ' substantially equal to λ3, distinct from at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm) or from white.

And to you:

- the first source emits in the red with λ2 in a range from 615nm to 635nm and at half-height spectral width of less than 30nm (and the extracted light C2 is red defined by a second main extracted radiation at λ1 'substantially equal at λ1, distinct at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm)

- and the second source emits in the green with 54 in a range from 515nm to 535nm and at half-height spectral width of less than 50nm (and the extracted light C4 is green defined by a fourth main extracted radiation at 54 'substantially equal to 54, distinct from at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm).

A positioning profile 7 ′ of the diodes 4 and 4 ′ is used within the mounting profile 7, for a partition application.

The mounting profile 7 is preferably metallic, aluminum or stainless steel, but can be made of plastic, in particular composite. The profile 7 has a U-shaped body comprising a core 72 and two wings 71 and 73 perpendicular to the soul and parallel and spaced apart.

The first wing 71 of the mounting profile 7 is mobile or removable, providing access to the interior of the profile at any time, in particular after the installation of the partition. The wing 71 can be mobile or removable relative to the junction point with the web 72, or as illustrated, at the distal end 71a of a fixed extension 72a projecting perpendicularly from the web 72. The wing 71 is movable in the sense that it pivots relative to a longitudinal axis which follows the extension 71a, and forms a hinge that is aesthetically invisible from the outside of the profile. The wing pivots in the direction of the exterior of the profile 7, opposite the first wing 71.

Removable sealing means 6 are provided by being affixed against the first and second (external) faces 12, 12 ’and the respective wings 71 and 73 of the mounting profile. These sealing means are for example fixed by clipping.

A so-called positioning profile 7 ′ of U-section carries the PCB supports and the diodes 4, 4 ’and is in the interior volume 74a of the mounting profile. The wings 71 ’, 73’ of this profile 7 ′ are spaced from the wings 71, 73 of the mounting profile.

The wings 71 ’and 73’ are fixed by a transparent double-sided adhesive 6 ’to the first and second outer faces 11,14.

Alternatively the first and / or the second diffusing layer are on the outer faces 11,14.

Alternatively, the insulating film is replaced by a thin glass and a porous sol-gel layer.

FIG. 3c represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300c comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention.

It differs from that 300a in FIG. 3a by the presence of a layer of peripheral masks, in particular in black enamel 17, 17 ′, first layer 17 ′ on face 11 and the other 17 on face 13 with a sparing 170 in line with the layer diffusing.

The light area can only be seen on one side. It can be a light signal (pictogram etc).

FIG. 3d represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300d comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention;

It differs from that 300a in FIG. 3a by the presence of a layer of peripheral masks, in particular in black enamel 17, 17 ′, first layer 17 ′ on the face 11 with a sparing 170 for accommodating the diffusing layer 2 and the other 17 on the face 13 masking the diffusing layer.

The light area can only be seen on one side. It can be a light signal (pictogram etc).

FIG. 4a represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 400a comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed through hole in an embodiment of the invention.

As in FIG. 1 ’, the laminated glazing 400a comprises a first sheet 1, bonded via a laminating intermediate 6’ to a second sheet of glass T. The peripheral sections are not shown.

For example, the second glass sheet 1 is on the outside.

A through hole 15 has been drilled through the second sheet T, the lamination interlayer 6 ′ and the first sheet 1, creating in the latter an internal wafer 16. The through hole in the second sheet is obstructed by an element of opaque obstruction 75 flush with the face 14.

In the through hole 15 of the first sheet 1 are housed LEDs 4 with their emitting face facing the internal edge 16 (front emitting diodes). The LEDs 4 are supported by a removable opaque cover 9, fixed via clips 16 ′ to the face 11. The diffusing layer of transparent enamel 2 is located in the immediate vicinity of the internal edge 16. An opaque masking enamel 17 on the face F2 is intended to prevent the direct emission of light by the LEDs 4 here towards the outside of the building. Although it does not appear in this figure, the through hole 15, the LEDs 4, the opaque cover 9 and the diffusing layer 2 have a circular central symmetry.

In a variant not shown, the through hole was drilled only in the first sheet and the lamination interlayer, while the second sheet T is not drilled. An opaque black enamel can play the role of masking towards the outside. On this enamel is fixed the LEDs arranged so that their emitting faces are facing the internal edge of the through hole.

In another variant it is a glazing and the hole is preferably through and obstructed.

The glazing can be a partition, etc., can be integrated into a multiple glazing (double or triple).

FIG. 4b represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing (for example) laminated glass 400b comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed hole passing through in another embodiment of the invention, variant of the previous one.

It differs from the previous 400a in that the through hole 15 extends here only through the first sheet 1. The second sheet 2 and the lamination interlayer 3 are then not drilled.

The inorganic light-emitting diodes 4 (LEDs or LEDs) are side-emitting LEDs have an emission surface in a main emission direction substantially orthogonal to the emission surface.

Diodes with side emission have the advantage of having a smaller footprint than diodes with front emission. On the other hand, the front emission diodes are more powerful and less expensive than the side emission diodes.

The diodes 4 are mounted on a diode support 41 such as an integrated circuit card (PCB in English). The support 41 is preferably common to all the diodes 4. Alternatively, each diode can be arranged on an individual support, or several diodes 4 can be mounted on the same support.

The support 41 comprises a main front face carrying the diodes and an opposite rear main face, for example glued to the interlayer 6 'with an adhesive 9. The mounting support has a thickness preferably less than 500 μm, and more preferably less than 200 μm .

The glazing 200b also includes a guide element 90 for the light emitted by the diodes 4. The guide element 90 is configured to inject the light from the diodes 4 into the first sheet 1 via the internal wall 16 formed by the through hole 15 The guide element 90 comprises an inlet face 91 and an outlet face 92 as well as a body 93 delimited by the inlet face 91, the outlet face 92 and external walls.

The diodes 4 are arranged so that their emitting surface is opposite, and close to, the input face 91 of the guide element 90, spaced apart or in contact. The emitting surface of each diode 4 and the input face 91 of the guide element 90 are spaced at most 1 mm, preferably at most 5 mm, spaced or even in contact, for example in optical contact (by glue) or physical contact.

The guide element 90 is used to optimize the injection of light into the first sheet 1. The guide element 90 can have a wide variety of shapes so as to adapt to different configurations of type and positioning of the diodes

The arrows indicate the direction of propagation of the light emitted by the diodes. The arrow coming from the emission surface of a diode 4 also symbolizes the main emission direction of this diode

The light injected through the internal wall 16 is guided by the first sheet 1 to the diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel, on the face F4 or alternatively F3.

As a variant, it is a monolithic glazing and the preferably through hole is obstructed.

FIG. 4c represents a schematic front view of an enameled glazing unit 400c lit by diodes via an internal edge which is the wall 16 of a closed through hole 15 in an embodiment of the invention. The diffusing layer 2 with its porosities 3 is in the form of discrete elements of different sizes and shapes arranged by arcs of a circle concentric with the hole, patterns:

-of oval and hollow 51 as close as possible to hole 15

-then elements 52 of square shape in the middle

- then in discs (full) 53.

The glazing is laminated as described in Figures 4a and 4b and their variants or the glazing is monolithic

FIG. 5a represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is an insulating glazing in a fifth embodiment of the invention.

The luminous glazing 500 differs from the luminous glazing 100 'described in FIG. T above all by the fact that it is an insulating glazing, in double glazing here for a refrigerated cabinet door.

This luminous glass door 500a comprises a glass module forming an insulating glazing with an external main face A or 11 on the user side and a most internal main face 12 ’(enclosure side, with shelves) comprising:

- A first glazing comprising the external face A and a first edge formed by four edges including a first longitudinal edge, first glazing here simple comprising a first glass sheet 1 having a first main face 11 and a second main face 12, the first face therefore being the external face, for example a sheet of silica-calcium-calcic and extra-clear glass, of thickness equal to at least 3.8mm (4mm or 6mm standard), a second glazing unit comprising the internal face 12 'and a second section formed by four edges including a second longitudinal edge, here simple glazing comprising a second glass sheet T, the faces 11 ′ and 12 being spaced apart by a first blade of gas (air or argon),

- At the periphery of the faces 11 ′ and T a first polymeric joint 92 in bead and a spacer forming a spacer 9 ’.

Usually, the insert 9 ′ is fixed inside the glazing 500 by its lateral faces to the faces 1T, 12 by butyl rubber 91 which also has the role of sealing the interior of the insulating glazing with water vapor . The interlayer 9 ′ is set back inside the glazing and near the longitudinal edges of the edges of said glass sheets, so as to provide a peripheral groove into which are injected a first polymeric seal 92 of the mastic type, such as '' in polysulfide or polyurethane. The putty confirms the mechanical assembly of the two 1.1 ’glass sheets and provides a seal against liquid water or solvents.

The light source 4 (diodes) is external to the insulating glazing. The diodes are optically coupled with the first longitudinal edge. The diodes are still on PCB support 41 and extend opposite the first edge. The PCB support 41 does not protrude from the first wafer in the direction of the external face 11, is here bonded by a conductive adhesive 6a to a metal 8b for heat dissipation.

There are other means of spacing, for example with a glass spacer.

The diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel is on the second face 12 or alternatively on the face 11 which may have an anti-reflective layer (under the diffusing layer if necessary).

The second glazing T has a first thermal function layer 18, on the third face 12 ’.

The PCB support 41 and the source 4 are in a cavity delimited by the injection edge and a so-called carrier part 8. The carrier part 8 is a metal profile, here an extruded or folded sheet of aluminum with a thickness of 1, 5mm. This profile 8 has a part 8c bonded by a double face 6c to the mastic 9. The load-bearing part 8 does not touch both the first and second glazing T so as not to form a thermal bridge. It can in particular be spaced 2mm from the first face 11 so that the source support does not protrude towards the external face 11. The carrier part 8 has a return 8a fixed to the face 11 by adhesive 6b.

The glass door 500a further comprises a framing profile 7 fixed to the insulating glazing preferably by a so-called mounting adhesive 6 ’and masking the first seal 92 and spacer 9’. It forms a longitudinal upright 7 (vertical on the door mounted) fixed to the insulating glazing by the mounting adhesive 6 ’.

The frame upright 7 is in two parts to avoid the thermal bridge (if all metallic). A first metal part 7a is bent, for example an L-shaped section, so as to be opposite the optical coupling edge and protrude on the external face 11:

- with a part glued to the external face,

- with a part opposite the edge of the insulating glazing (and offset from the edge of the second glazing)

The second part 7b is thermal insulator, preferably polymeric, secured by an adhesive 61 with the first part 7a, bent, so as to be opposite the edge of the second glazing and protruding on the internal face 1T.

Of course we can split the diffusing layer and light sources on the second glazing

Alternatively, it is triple glazing.

FIG. 5b represents a schematic view of a refrigerated cabinet 1000 with a light door of the refrigerated cabinet, for example of the type already described in FIG. 5a but with diodes on two opposite sides of the insulating glazing.

This refrigerated cabinet is here a cabinet comprising shelves 101 (in dotted lines) and two doors each comprising a laminated glazing and light insulator comprising a first external main face on the user side (visible here) second internal main face (shelf side) and a section with four edges. The longitudinal edges of the wafer are vertical. The framing profile is a frame attached to the periphery of the rectangular insulating glazing. The frame has four uprights butted at the corners of the insulating glass. The two longitudinal uprights 7a and 7b are identical and vertical. Two lateral uprights 7c and 7d are horizontal. The first and second 4.4 ’light sources (hidden) are respectively in the interior volume of the first longitudinal post 7a and in the interior volume of the second longitudinal post 7b.

Each door can be opened outwards thanks to a pivot 7p on the upper and lower uprights 7c, 7d.

The first transparent patterns 5 (word ...) and the second transparent patterns 5 (logo, drawing etc.) are on either side of the display of a shelf.

FIG. 6a represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular which is the interior glazing.

The double glazing 600a comprising a first glass sheet 1 and a second glass sheet T. The first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are connected at their edge by a spacer 9 (for example seal and spacer described in FIG. 5a) delimiting between them an internal space 15.

The glass sheet T is external, that is to say that it is the glass sheet facing the external environment, the glass sheet 1 is internal. Each glass sheet 1.1 ′ comprises an external face 11, 12 ′ and an internal face 12, 11 ′ facing the internal space 15. This glazing 600a is integrated into a frame to form a glass module, this frame 7 can be used for a window or a building facade panel. In the case of a window, the frame includes a rotation element allowing it to be rotated relative to the structure to which the frame is mounted.

According to the invention, the transparent enamel diffusing layer 2 is on the internal face of the interior glazing. This allows the layer 2 to be protected from attacks that the glazing may undergo, or alternatively on the external face 11.

Light source 4 for edge lighting uses LED technology or fluorescent tube technology or any other usable technology.

The frame 7 is used to house the light source 4

It is possible to have a variant according to which the chassis and the spacer are only one and the same piece. To this end, at least one accommodation is provided.

For the electrical power supply, an external power supply can be provided, that is to say a connection to the local electrical network, or an internal power supply, that is to say a source of electrical energy in said glazing such as for example a solar panel.

The light source 4 can be controlled by an external signal or include a sensor module 21 comprising at least one sensor 21. This sensor 21 is arranged on the outer face of one of the glass sheets or on the frame 7. The sensor 21a is glued to the glass sheet or the frame or arranged in a housing made in the frame of the glass module so as not to protrude.

This housing can be closed by a transparent or pierced cover to allow said sensor to be hidden while being fully operational. The sensor is chosen from a non-exhaustive list of sensors, including temperature, brightness, humidity, CO or CO2 type gases, etc. These sensors measure the following elements: Light, Colors, Level, Position, Pressure, Sound, Temperature, Angle, Magnetic field, Flow, Displacement, Distance, Force, Inertials, Stress, Current, Particles.

This sensor module 21 communicates with a calculation module 22 arranged to receive the data from the sensor module 21 and analyze it. This analysis makes it possible to generate at least one control signal to be sent to the source 4.

Two independent light sources 4 4 ’can be provided allowing the differentiated lighting of different diffusing layers 2 of distinct shapes 5, 5’ as visible in FIGS. 6b 6c or 6d. These independent light sources 4, 4 ’can be arranged in a common structure.

This variant with several diffusing layers 2, 2 ’advantageously makes it possible to display different information for the same sensor 21 but this also makes it possible to have different information, each linked to a sensor 21.

For example, in the case of a temperature sensor 21, a layer 2 could indicate that it is too cold outside while another layer 2 could indicate that it is too hot.

In another example shown in FIG. 6d, a first layer 2 is a pictogram (thermometer) which makes it possible to display information related to the temperature via a temperature sensor while a second layer 2 'is a pictogram (house) which displays information related to air quality via a CO2 sensor.

The exterior face 12 ’of the window may include an anti-condensation layer 18’

The 11 ’face (and even 12) may have a silver coating 18. The 11 face may have a functional layer (anti-reflective, etc.).

FIG. 6e represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing 600e, of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention.

It differs from the previous one in that the external glazing comprises a second diffusing layer 2 ’on the internal face 11’ and is illuminated by a second light source 4 ’.

In this configuration, the patterns can be face to face and form a more complex and / or multi-color pattern as shown in Figures 6f and 6g.

The exterior face 12 ’of the window may include an anti-condensation layer 18’.

The face 12 may have a silver coating 18.

FIG. 6h represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the triple glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular the exterior glazing.

It differs from the previous two in that it includes additional intermediate glazing 1a with faces 11a 12a, for example coated with an anti-reflective layer or with solar control.

As a variant, the second diffusing layer 2 ′ is on this glazing 1a and the second source is moved accordingly.

Fig. 7a is a diagrammatic side view of a household appliance 7000 such as an oven comprising the oven light door according to the invention;

Such an apparatus 1 comprises an enclosure 35 delimited by five walls: a bottom 33, two side walls, a high wall 34 called the roof and a low wall 31, called the floor. A sixth side is left open in order to have access to said enclosure. A door 700 is installed to allow enclosure 35 to be closed. This door 700 is mounted on hinges so as to be pivotable. The oven further includes a control unit.

The exterior T glass or facade glass is conventionally provided with a strip formed of a layer of black enamel on a peripheral zone (for example forming a frame). This strip is preferably arranged on the cavity face of the outer sheet or on the outer face.

Figure 7b is a schematic sectional view of the door of Figure 7a, with three sheets of glass

This oven door 700 comprises an outer glass sheet T, that is to say it is the front glass sheet of the oven door and an inner glass sheet 1, that is to say say that it is the sheet of glass which closes, defines the enclosure 35, sheets connected to their edge by a frame 7 delimiting between them an internal space 19. This frame 7 serving as a frame for the oven door. The inner sheet 1 is in contact with the atmosphere of the enclosure 35. The frame 7 is the element on which the hinges are fixed to mount the oven door 40 to the walls forming the enclosure.

The exterior T glass or facade glass is provided with a strip formed of a layer of black enamel on a peripheral zone (in particular forming a frame). This strip 17 is preferably arranged on the cavity face 1T of the outer sheet T.

The intermediate glass plate is mounted in the cavity of the door 700, for example, by means of supports such as vertical and / or longitudinal rails.

Cleverly according to the invention, the oven door is provided with an interactive light device for displaying at least one item of information on this plate 1a. This information is generated by the electronics of the oven, that is to say the control unit of the oven and can be linked to a sensor, for example of temperature.

- Figure 7c is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b;

FIG. 7d is a schematic front view of the door of FIG. 7b in a variant;

On this first intermediate glass sheet 1a, the diffusing layer 2 according to the invention is produced, and this is a pattern representative of information to be displayed.

This layer 2 is transparent when it is not illuminated. This configuration does not interfere with the user when the information represented by said layer should not be communicated.

The interactive light device therefore also comprises at least one electrically controllable light source 4 or a plurality of light sources 4 cooperating together. These light sources 4a use LED technology or the technology of fluorescent tube or discharge or laser bulb. In the case of LED technology, the light source 4 is a light-emitting diode arranged on a PCB (printed circuit board or printed circuit) or on a flexible strip.

The light source 4 is then arranged to generate a light beam towards said layer 2 so that it diffuses it making the information represented by said layer 2 visible. In the case of the present invention, the light source 4 is arranged so that the beam is directed towards the edge of the first sheet of intermediate glass 1a. Provision may be made for the light source 4 to extend over the entire perimeter of the first intermediate glass sheet 1a. The intermediate glass plate 1a is disposed in the cavity 19 of the door so that the plane in which it extends is parallel to the plane of the glass sheets 42 constituting said oven door 700. Preferably, the first glass sheet intermediate 1a is placed so that the layer 2 is opposite the outer glass sheet T making it possible to make the layer 2 more visible once lit. However, the layer 2 may be arranged on the surface of the intermediate glass sheet 1a opposite the outer glass sheet T or the inner glass sheet 1.

The light source 4 is arranged in at least one housing produced in the frame 7 forming the frame for the oven door or in the vertical and / or longitudinal rails fixed to the frames allowing the mounting of the intermediate glass plate 102.

As visible in FIG. 7c, the first intermediate glass sheet T can carry at least one layer 2 which formats a pictogram associated with a light source 4.

This light source 4 is supplied with energy by a wired connection with the electronic circuit, the oven control unit. This wired connection also makes it possible to send control signals from the oven control unit for controlling the light source 4.

In an alternative embodiment visible in FIG. 7d, the first intermediate glass sheet T carries at least two layers 2.2 ", each layer being associated with a light source 4.4". Preferably, each 4.4 ’light source is configured to generate a light beam of a different color. This advantageously makes it possible to distinguish the different information.

The oven door can alternatively be two sheets of silica-calcium glass. For example, the diffusing layer is placed on the cavity glass sheet (and the light source is moved accordingly.

In embodiments visible in Figures 8 and 9, the oven door 800 and 900 according to the invention comprises, in its cavity 19, at least two sheets of intermediate glass 1a, 1b. The first intermediate glass sheet 1a and the second intermediate glass sheet 1b are arranged to be parallel to each other.

As shown in Figure 8 ’, the diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel in the form of patterns may indicate that the door is too hot.

In FIG. 9, each intermediate glass sheet 1a, 1b carries a diffusing layer of transparent enamel according to the invention 2.2 ’and is associated with a light source 4.4’. Preferably, each 4.4 ’light source is configured to generate a light beam of a different color. This advantageously makes it possible to distinguish the different information.

As shown in FIG. 9 ′, the first diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel in the form of patterns can indicate that the temperature rise is in progress and the second diffusing layer 2 ′ in transparent enamel in the form of patterns can indicate that the desired temperature is reached.

Of course, it is also possible in this second embodiment that the second intermediate glass sheet 1b carries several layers 2 and that each layer is associated with a light source 4.

Claims (26)

1. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device (100 to 900) comprising: - A first glass sheet (1) comprising on a first main face a diffusing layer, in enamel, comprising a matrix of a vitreous material and diffusing elements characterized in that: - the diffusing layer (2) is of thickness E1 at least 5pm and at most 20pm: the glassy material is based on zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth, the matrix is porous, said diffusing elements are gas or vacuum porosities (3), of characteristic dimension, in particular a diameter, of at least 0.2 μm, - said diffusing elements are free of diffusing particles or with a content by weight of diffusing particles of at most 10% of the total weight of the enamel, the entire first sheet of glass and diffusing layer having: - a light transmission factor of at least 75%, - blurring of at most 30% and at least 1%. 2. Enamelled substrate for a glazed luminous device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the blurring is at most 20% or at most 10%. 3. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, the first glass sheet and diffusing layer assembly has a sharpness of at least 85%, or at least 90%. 4. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight content of diffusing particles is at most 5% of the total weight of the enamel; better at most 1%, preferably zero. 5. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the porosities, in particular spherical and / or elliptical, have a diameter D1 <E1 and at most 10 pm or 6 pm in particular with E1 d ' at most 15 pm and preferably D1 at least 0.8 pm and / or the ratio E1 / D1 is less than 1 and preferably at least 0.4 in particular with E1 at most 15 pm. 6. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vitreous material has a chemical composition such that the cumulative content by weight of ZnO + B ₂ O3 + Bi ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O is at least 80% of the total weight of the glassy material, and even the cumulative weight content of ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O is at least 80% of the total weight of the glassy material. 7. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vitreous material has a chemical composition such that the weight content of alumina is at least 1% of the total weight of the vitreous material and preferably d '' at most 8% and the weight content of zirconium oxide is at least 1% of the total weight of the vitreous material and preferably at most 8%. 8. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vitreous material has the chemical composition which comprises or consists of the following constituents, varying within the weight limits by weight of the vitreous material defined below: ZnO 31-55% B ₂ O ₃ 15-30% SiO ₂ 5-20% and even 10-20% Na ₂ O 5-15% with ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + SiO ₂ + Na ₂ O> 80% or 90% and preferably AI ₂ O ₃ 1-5% ZrO ₂ 1-5% Bi ₂ O ₃ 0-10% and even 0-2% TiO ₂ 0-10%. 9. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that said vitreous material has the chemical composition which comprises or consists of the following constituents, varying within the weight limits by weight of the vitreous material below defined: SiO ₂ 31-60% and even 40% -60% ZnO 15-30% B ₂ O ₃ 8-20% and even 8-15% Na ₂ O 5-20% and even 8-18% with SiO ₂ + ZnO + B ₂ O ₃ + Na ₂ O> 80% or 90% and preferably AI ₂ O ₃ 0.5-5% ZrO ₂ 0-5% Bi ₂ O ₃ 0-10% and even 0-2% TiO ₂ 0-12% and even 0-10%. 10. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffusing layer has a gloss of at least 100 and better still at least 120. 11. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass is silica-calcium-lime, with the first glass sheet having only a light transmittance of at least 90%, preferably within the meaning of the EN 410: 1998 standard. 12. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first glass sheet is toughened and / or curved. 13. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first glass sheet has on a second main face opposite the first main face, and / or on the first face under the layer diffusing and / or adjacent to the diffusing layer a transparent functional layer, in particular facing the diffusing layer, chosen from at least one of the following layers: - an antireflection layer, in particular a layer of porous silica, for example sol gel, on the second main face - a masking layer adjacent to the diffusing layer, in particular peripheral layer, in particular an enamel layer - an electrically conductive layer, in particular an electrode, a power supply layer of (opto) electronic components or a heating layer, in particular a layer of transparent conductive oxide, - a solar control (and /) or low emissivity layer and / or an anti-condensation layer, in particular a coating comprising a functional layer of transparent conductive oxide or a functional metallic layer - a hydrophobic layer, diffusing layer on the opposite face or on the hydrophobic layer. 14. Enamelled substrate for a luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffusing layer comprises a flat and / or comprises at least one pattern M comprising a set of discrete and disjoint diffusing elements. 15. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the diffusing layer is a free surface or covered by a transparent element preferably of thickness at most 1.5mm or submillimetric, in particular which is a polymeric film in adhesive contact with the diffusing layer or which is an overlay. 16. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first glass sheet comprises a peripheral masking layer in particular in enamel possibly adjacent to the diffusing layer in particular peripheral masking layer along the edge of optical coupling with a light source. 17. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet of glass is part of a laminated glazing comprising said first sheet, a laminating interlayer and a second transparent sheet, in particular of glass, of preferably the first main face is the internal main face, laminating interlayer side and even in adhesive contact with the laminating interlayer. 18. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first glass sheet is part of a multiple glazing which is an assembly of several glass sheets comprising: - said first sheet of glass, - a second sheet of glass, a possible third glass sheet, first and second sheets spaced apart in particular by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame, and in particular sealed at the periphery of the main internal faces of the first and second sheets of glass, and possibly second and third sheets spaced apart in particular by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame and in particular sealed at the periphery of the main internal faces of the second and third glass sheets and in that preferably the first main face is one of the main internal faces of the first and second glass sheets or of the possible third glass sheet. 19. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first glass sheet is part of a multiple glazing, in particular an oven door, which is an assembly of several glass sheets comprising: - said first sheet of glass, - a second sheet of glass, - preferably a third glass sheet, - a possible fourth glass sheet and in that preferably the first main face is one of the internal main faces of the first and second, third fourth glass sheets, in particular on a glass sheet intermediate between the facade glass sheets and cavity of an oven door. 20. Enamelled substrate for a luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second glass sheet preferably spaced from the first glass sheet, the second glass sheet also comprises, on a main face, another enamel layer, diffusing, comprising a matrix of a vitreous material and diffusing elements - the other layer is ΕΊ at least 5pm thick and at most 20pm thick, the matrix is porous, the vitreous material is based on zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth, - said diffusing elements of the other layer are porosities of gas or vacuum, of characteristic dimension, in particular a diameter, of at least 0.2 μm, - said diffusing elements of the other layer are free of diffusing particles or with a content by weight of diffusing particles of at most 10% of the total weight of the enamel, the second sheet of glass assembly and the other layer having: - a light transmission factor of at least 75%, - blurring of at most 30% and at least 1%. and in particular, the first glass sheet is an interior glazing of a multiple glazing with at least four sheets of glass and the second glass sheet is another interior glazing of said multiple glazing. 21. Enamelled substrate for luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it forms: - glass for the building: facade, window, ceiling, floor slab, - glass for interior, urban furniture: partition, shower or bath screen, credenza, shelf, door, display, totem, railing, garden furniture wall, bus shelters, heated glass, - household appliance wall: oven door, in particular pivoting, door or shelf of commercial refrigerated furniture, refrigerator shelf 22. Luminous glazed device comprising an enameled substrate according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises a light source which is optically coupled to the first sheet of glass, in particular to the edge or to a wall of a hole in the first glass sheet coupling, direct optical coupling or by means of an optical, light source possibly within said hole. 23. A glazed luminous device according to the preceding claim characterized in that the light source comprises a plurality of inorganic light emitting diodes. 24. Luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims of the device characterized in that the diffusing layer forms a light signal like a pictogram in particular of length at least 2cm, and width of at least 1 or 2cm. 25. Method of manufacturing an enameled substrate for a luminous glazed device according to one of the preceding claims of the enameled substrate characterized in that it comprises the formation of a diffusing layer involving in this order: - depositing on the first sheet of calcium silicate glass preferably by screen printing of a liquid composition comprising a glass frit and an organic medium, of thickness at least 10 μm and at most 40 μm - cooking at a temperature between 630 ° C and 720 ° C, especially for a period of at most 450s. 26. A method of manufacturing an enameled substrate for a luminous glazed device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, before baking, drying at a temperature of at most 200 ° C or 150 ° C and preferably from 110 ° C to 130 ° C.