EP3830046A1 - Enamelled substrate, illuminated glazed device comprising such a substrate, and production thereof - Google Patents
Enamelled substrate, illuminated glazed device comprising such a substrate, and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP3830046A1 EP3830046A1 EP19739664.1A EP19739664A EP3830046A1 EP 3830046 A1 EP3830046 A1 EP 3830046A1 EP 19739664 A EP19739664 A EP 19739664A EP 3830046 A1 EP3830046 A1 EP 3830046A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass
- sheet
- diffusing
- glazing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;styrene Chemical group C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptasodium;tungsten;nonatriacontahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W] RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OANVFVBYPNXRLD-UHFFFAOYSA-M propyromazine bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1C(=O)C(C)[N+]1(C)CCCC1 OANVFVBYPNXRLD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094989 trimethylsilane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016776 visual perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
- C03C17/007—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character containing a dispersed phase, e.g. particles, fibres or flakes, in a continuous phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
- B32B17/10302—Edge sealing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass
- C03C17/04—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass by fritting glass powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/425—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a porous layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/44—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the composition of the continuous phase
- C03C2217/45—Inorganic continuous phases
- C03C2217/452—Glass
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of enamelled substrates used to form luminous glazed devices by means of a light source, in particular peripheral, optically coupled to a sheet of glass.
- Inorganic light emitting diodes are used to make luminous glazing.
- the light emitted by the diodes is introduced by the edge into the glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing, defining the luminous surface, such as a solid surface of enamel containing dielectric diffusing particles as alumina particles.
- This diffusing layer is translucent in the off state.
- This luminous glazing then has a very cloudy appearance in the area of the diffusing layer.
- the light transmission of this type of enamel is less than 40%, the blur is 90 to 100%.
- the present invention has therefore sought to develop an alternative diffusing enamel which further increases the transparency in the off state while remaining capable of extracting light.
- the invention first relates to an enamelled substrate for a luminous glazed device, comprising:
- a first sheet of glass preferably colorless, preferably silica-soda-lime, in particular with a refractive index nO at 550 nm of 1.4 to 1.6, in particular of thickness E0 of at most 10 mm and even d '' at most 5 or 3mm and preferably at least 0.1mm, 0.3mm or 0.7mm preferably clear or extra-clear, comprising on a (only) first main face (preferably directly) a diffusing enamel layer (solid and / or a pattern in several elements), diffusing layer with preferably a width of at least 0.3mm and even 1 mm, in particular occupying a diffusing surface S defined by a length of at least 1 mm and even 1 cm and the width of at least 0.3mm and even 1mm, of thickness E1 of at least 5pm better of at least 7pm and at most 20pm or 15pm, and preferably from 7 to 15pm or 8 at 1 1 pm including:
- diffusing elements are free from diffusing (solid) particles or with a content by weight of diffusing (solid) particles of at most 10% or 5% of the total weight of the enamel, and even including the unfounded, the crystals, and better the cumulative weight content of diffusing particles (in particular of dimension of at least 0.2 ⁇ m) and / or white or colored pigments being at most 10% or 5% of the total weight of the E-mail.
- the first glass sheet and diffusing layer assembly presents:
- the choice of zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth, the choice of a range of suitable thickness ensures both control of transparency, low blurring (but sufficient for light extraction) and reproducible porosity formation diffusing. Too small a thickness does not allow the porosities to be trapped. Too much thickness leads to degrading transparency.
- the diffusing layer must generate a luminous surface visible to the naked eye and in particular the layer is preferably deposited by screen printing.
- the limiting width of the diffusing layer is therefore at least 0.3mm.
- the diffusing enamel layer is for example in contact with the first main face. Between the diffusing layer and the first face, it is possible to provide a sub transparent layer (mono or multilayer) preferably mineral and even of thickness of at most 1 pm or 0.2 pm as long as the latter does not disturb the guidance and / or the extraction of light.
- a sub transparent layer mono or multilayer preferably mineral and even of thickness of at most 1 pm or 0.2 pm as long as the latter does not disturb the guidance and / or the extraction of light.
- the diffusing layer is devoid of or comprises in very reduced content of particles - full and even possibly hollow particles - in particular diffusing or more generally any type of particles (unfounded, crystals, white or colored pigments etc) .
- it contains little or no (solid) particles chosen from particles of alumina, zirconia, silica, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulphate.
- the diffusing layer is preferably devoid of devitrified zone.
- the light transmission factor T L can be calculated using the illuminant D65, for example using a spectrophotometer provided with an integrating sphere, the measurement at a given thickness being then converted if necessary to the thickness of reference of 4mm according to standard EN 410: 1998.
- ASTMD 1003 defines haze or blurring as the amount of light that deviates on average more than 2.5 ° from the incident light beam - expressed as a percentage.
- Light can be diffused in a narrow angle with high concentration. This effect describes very well how very fine details can be seen through the sample.
- the quality of image clarity must be determined at an angle of less than 2.5 degrees.
- the blur and even the sharpness are preferably measured by a Hazemeter (such as BYK-Gardner Haze-Gard Plus) preferably according to the ASTDM D1003 standard (without compensation).
- a Hazemeter such as BYK-Gardner Haze-Gard Plus
- the illuminant is placed opposite the first carrier face of the diffusing layer.
- the blur is at most 10% or 8%, the sharpness at least 90% or 95%, the light transmission factor is at least 90%.
- the thickness E1 is stable at ⁇ 3 pm.
- the diffusing layer may have a gloss in terms of gloss unit (ub) of at least 80, 100 and better still at least 120, reflecting a smooth surface.
- the diffusing layer is preferably a monolayer (obtained by depositing a single layer based on glass frit).
- the size (and even the distribution in thickness) of the porosities can be determined by a sectional observation of the diffusing layer with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 1000 times or 2500 times.
- the volume fraction in porosities can be determined by observing the surface of the diffusing layer under an optical microscope at a magnification of 600 times.
- the porosities are visible by contrast and can be counted for example by digital processing.
- the porosity coverage rate is at most 20% and preferably at most 10% and better still at least 1%, rate measured in this reference surface taken from any region and better measured in a plurality of regions to cover at least 50% of the surface of the diffusing layer.
- the porosities are preferably formed during cooking by elimination of organic compounds, for example from the medium used during the deposition, preferably by screen printing.
- the porosities are preferably not connected.
- these latter are for example bubbles, -
- at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% (and even 100%) of the porosities are of width less than the thickness of the diffusing layer, in particular with a form factor height / width of at most 5, at most 2
- the surface of the diffusing layer is devoid of open porosities
- the interface between the diffusing layer and the first main face of the first glass sheet or of an optional under layer is devoid of porosities
- the (closed) porosities are spaced at least 1 pm, 2pm, 3pm the interface between the diffusing layer and the first main face of the first sheet of glass or of an optional under layer (preferably mineral and preferably of thickness of at most 1 pm, 0.2 pm) on the first main face
- the diffusing layer has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the test made by a sclerometer.
- the mechanical resistance (to scratching) is carried out according to standard ISO 1518-2: 201 1 and the diffusing layer supports a spring tension of at least 10N and even at least 16N.
- said vitreous material (and even enamel) has a chemical composition according to at least one of the following characteristics (preferably cumulative):
- the content by weight of ZnO + B 2 0 3 + Bi 2 0 3 + Si02 + Na20 is at least 80%, 90% or 95% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel) and even the weight content in Zn0 + B 2 0 3 + Si02 + Na20 is at least 80%, 90% or 95% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel),
- the content by weight of ZnO + B 2 0 3 + Bi 2 0 3 is at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel) and even the content by weight of ZnO + B 2 0 3 is at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70%, of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is at least 15%, or 30% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel)
- the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is the highest of the weight contents of the composition, or the second weight content.
- transition metal oxides from column 5 to 11 and even 12 - except zinc - from the periodic classification of the elements or with a content by weight of less than 1% of the total weight of the enamel.
- lead oxide, cadmium, mercury or with a weight content of less than 1% of the total weight of the enamel.
- the total content of alkali oxides other than Na 2 0 is preferably at most 3% by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel), in particular 2% and even 1 % or 0.5%.
- the only alkaline oxide present is advantageously Na 2 0.
- the content by weight of zinc oxide ZnO is the highest, at least 31% or 35% of the total weight of the vitreous material (enamel)
- the content by weight of boron oxide B 2 0 3 is at least 10%, 15% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the content by weight of silica Si0 2 is at least 5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and even at most 30%, 25%, 20%
- the Na 2 0 content by weight is at least 5 or 8% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the alumina Al 2 0 3 content by weight is at least 1% and preferably at most 8% or 6% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel) and the zirconia content by weight is at least 1% and preferably at most 8% or 5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel),
- the content by weight of MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO (+ K 2 0) is at most 5% and preferably at most 2% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the content by weight of lead oxide PbO is at most 0.5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and better still is zero, and also the content by weight of cadmium oxide, of mercury or of chromium is zero.
- the preferred chemical composition for minimizing blurring can comprise (or consist of) the following constituents, varying within the weight limits (by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel)) defined below:
- this composition does not contain lead, mercury (and elements from column 5 to 1 1) or even other constituents or impurities or less than 0.3% by weight.
- the ZnO content by weight is at least 5%, 15% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and even at most 30%,
- the content by weight of boron oxide B 2 0 3 is at least 8% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the Na 2 0 content by weight is at least 5 or 8% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the alumina Al 2 0 3 content by weight is at least 0.5% or 1% and preferably at most 8% or 6% of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel) and the content by weight of MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO + K20 is at most 5% and preferably at most 4% (of the total weight of the vitreous material (of the enamel)
- the content by weight of lead oxide PbO is at most 0.5% of the total weight of the vitreous material (respectively of the enamel) and better still is zero, and also the content by weight of cadmium oxide, of mercury or in chrome is zero.
- the preferred chemical composition for chemical resistance can comprise (or consist of) the following constituents, varying within the weight limits (by weight of the vitreous material (and even of the enamel)) defined below:
- this composition does not contain lead, mercury (and any element from column 5 to 11) or even other constituents or impurities, or less than 0.3% by weight.
- one or more of the following alternative or cumulative characteristics is provided:
- the content by weight of diffusing (solid) particles is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1%, or even zero
- the pigment content by weight is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1%, or even zero more generally, the content by weight of particles (in particular unfounded, crystals, pigments, and which may be diffusing particles, etc.) is preferably at most 1% of the total weight of the enamel, in particular 0.5% and even 0.1% or even zero
- the diffusing layer is colorless, in particular the total weight content of coloring elements (Fe 2 0 3 , CuO, CoO, Cr 2 0 3 , Mn0 2 , Se, Ag, Cu, Au, Nd 2 0 3 , Er 2 0 3 ) is at most 0.5% and even 0.1% of the total weight of the vitreous material and even of the enamel and preferably zero (except unavoidable impurities)
- coloring elements Fe 2 0 3 , CuO, CoO, Cr 2 0 3 , Mn0 2 , Se, Ag, Cu, Au, Nd 2 0 3 , Er 2 0 3
- the weight content of the glassy material is at least 80%, 90%, 95% and even 100% of the total weight of the enamel
- the enamel has a weight content of impurities of not more than 0.5% of the total weight of the enamel
- the diffusing layer (enamel) consists of the porous vitreous matrix and the porosities.
- each of the lower limits can be combined with each of the upper limits, all the possible ranges not being mentioned here for the sake of brevity.
- each range for a given oxide can be combined with any other range for the other oxides.
- not all combinations can be indicated so as not to unnecessarily burden the present text.
- the glassy material has a coefficient of thermal expansion and a glass transition temperature adapted to those of the glass sheet, and a low ability to devitrification.
- the vitreous materials are generally obtained by a process in which a glass frit (of the same chemical composition as the vitreous material) and a typically organic medium are mixed to form a paste, which is deposited on the glass sheet before the cook.
- the glass transition temperature Tg1 of the glass frit is low enough to be able to bake at temperatures at which the glass sheet cannot deform. At the same time, the frit must not crystallize (devitrify) during cooking, which would have the effect of generating too much roughness as well as high optical absorption.
- the glassy material (very fusible) has a glass transition temperature Tg lower than that of the first glass sheet, in particular less than 590 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (also called DSC - for Differential Scanning Calorimetry), under nitrogen, with a temperature rise rate of 10 ° C / minute.
- temperature onset the beginning of the curve
- the coefficient of linear thermal expansion can also be adapted to that of the glass sheet, generally being close to the latter, or slightly lower, in order to avoid during cooling the appearance in the vitreous material of mechanical stresses liable to to damage.
- the coefficient of linear thermal expansion CT1 between 20 and 300 ° C of the glass constituting the glassy material is preferably within a range from 70 to 100.10 7 / ° C, in particular 70 to 90.10 7 / ° C.
- the first glass sheet has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion CTO between 20 and 300 ° C tq CT0-CT1 is positive and is at most 10.10 7 / ° C.
- the glass sheet can be of any size, in particular greater than 1.5 m 2 .
- the glass of the first glass sheet is preferably a glass of the soda-lime-silica type.
- the glass of the first glass sheet (and even of the glass sheet (s), if any) is preferably of the float type, that is to say capable of having been obtained by a process consisting in pouring the molten glass on a bath of molten tin (“float” bath).
- the diffusing layer can be deposited on the “tin” side as well as on the “atmosphere” side of the substrate.
- the term “atmosphere” and “tin” faces is understood to mean the faces of the substrate having been respectively in contact with the atmosphere prevailing in the float bath and in contact with the molten tin.
- the tin side contains a small surface quantity of tin having diffused in the structure of the glass.
- the first sheet of glass is preferably colorless, and has a light transmission factor of at least 85%, or even 90% preferably within the meaning of standard EN 410: 1998.
- the first sheet of glass is preferably colorless, may be clear glass (light transmission T L greater than or equal to 90% for a thickness of 4mm), is for example a glass of standard soda-lime composition such as Planilux® from the company Saint-Gobain Glass, or extra-clear (T L greater than or equal to 91.5% for a thickness of 4 mm), for example a silica glass soda-lime with less than 0.05% Fe III or Fe 2 0 3 the Diamant® glass from Saint-Gobain Glass, or Optiwhite® from Pilkington, or B270® from Schott, or other composition described in the document WO04 / 025334. You can also choose Planiclear® glass from Saint-Gobain Glass.
- Planilux® from the company Saint-Gobain Glass
- extra-clear T L greater than or equal to 91.5% for a thickness of 4 mm
- silica glass soda-lime with less than 0.05% Fe III or Fe 2 0 3 the Diamant® glass from Saint
- the first sheet of glass is tempered, in particular thermal tempering (after baking in a quenching furnace, rapid cooling by nozzles typically), baking in the quenching furnace can be used to form the enamel layer from a composition liquid (paste) - possibly previously dried - based on glass frit
- the first glass sheet is curved and / or toughened.
- the first glass sheet (and even the second glass sheet) is preferably thermally toughened. Heat treatment is preferred at a temperature greater than or equal to 450 ° C, preferably greater than or equal to 600 ° C followed by quenching.
- the monolithic or laminated enameled substrate is not completely opaque (or reflective) so that an object can be seen behind the diffusing layer.
- the diffusing layer can comprise or consist of a solid enamel, therefore a solid layer, with preferably a diffusing surface S defined by a length (the largest dimension) at least centimeter and even 3 or 5cm and the width (the smallest dimension) at normal length of at least 0.3mm and even at least 1 cm.
- the flat can have any type of shape (geometric etc) and form a reference or a pictogram (full or almost full). It can be one or more lines of at least 0.3mm, in particular peripheral, along an edge (lateral or longitudinal) of the first glass sheet, of two adjacent edges, or forming a frame (periphery of the glazing). .
- the diffusing layer may comprise or consist of at least one (first) pattern M comprising a (first) set of disjoint and discrete diffusing elements (identical or not) in particular subcentimetric (in particular at least 0.3 mm) which covers a (first) Z zone.
- discrete diffusing element is understood to mean an element separated from another element at least by a portion of the surface of the first glass sheet not provided with an element.
- the elements have diffusion properties different from those of the other surface parts of the first sheet of glass which surround them.
- the discrete diffusing elements can have varied, symmetrical or asymmetrical shapes.
- the distribution of the discrete diffusing elements on the substrate can be periodic or aperiodic. Periodic distribution means that the discrete elements are placed on the first sheet of glass in an orderly fashion while an aperiodic distribution means that the discrete elements are placed on the first glass sheet in a random manner.
- the patterns can include arrays of discs and / or bands and / or sub-patterns, for example formed by a set of segments.
- the term "pattern” means a shape defined on a part of the surface of the substrate comprising a set of discrete diffusing elements corresponding to a zone Z resulting from the juxtaposition of a set of discrete diffusing elements and parts of the first glass sheet separating said discrete elements.
- Zone Z is the smallest area that includes all of the discrete elements in a set.
- a pattern covering an area Z therefore comprises two parts. Part of the surface of the pattern includes the discrete elements and therefore has particular diffusing properties.
- the patterns can have any shape and be more or less large.
- the patterns can cover all or part of the surface of the first sheet of glass. When the pattern corresponds to a part of the surface of the first glass sheet, this part may preferably represent a few cm 2 to several m 2 .
- the first pattern can therefore be a set of solid elements (discrete, punctual) in particular subcentimetric (in particular at least 0.3 mm) and / or forming straight and / or curved segments in particular of subcentimetric width and in particular of at least 0.3mm.
- the diffusing elements are in particular:
- the coverage rate of the diffusing elements depends on the targeted objective. Diffusing elements can cover at least 50% of the area of zone Z covered by the pattern M.
- the coverage rate of the discrete diffusing elements can be variable, for example greater by moving away from the light source, in particular coupled with the first sheet.
- the size and / or spacing between discrete diffusing elements may vary.
- the diffusing layer solid and / or pattern of discrete elements
- the designation signaling is based on iconic and / or linguistic semantics, that is to say using signs (numbers, pictograms, logos, symbolic colors ...) and / or a letter or words .
- the diffusing layer can form a light signal, such as a pictogram, for example of at least 2cm, 4cm in length and at least 0.3mm, 1mm, 1cm or 2cm in width.
- a pictogram for example of at least 2cm, 4cm in length and at least 0.3mm, 1mm, 1cm or 2cm in width.
- the light spot is centimetric at the level of the surface of the diffusing layer, in particular at most 5 cm, in particular approximately 2.6 cm, and in the area illuminated by the spot 1 diffusing layer is full or is discontinuous (comprising all or part of said pattern) and preferably occupies at least 30%, 50%, 60% of the spot.
- the transparency of the diffusing layer preserves the clear glass in the off state.
- the diffusing layer extends in a manner on the first main face as a function of the targeted light surface. It may be desired that the diffusing layer (in solid and / or pattern of discrete elements) - then called covering - extends over at least 50%, 70% or 80% or 90% of the first main face (in particular outside marginal zone for example less than 1 cm from the edge of the first sheet of glass).
- the local diffusing layer is on the periphery of the first face.
- the diffusing layer can cover less than 50% of the surface of the first sheet of glass when it is necessary to preserve a clear of glass in the lit state.
- a peripheral strip can be formed along a lateral or longitudinal, lower or upper edge of the first glass sheet.
- the surface of the diffusing layer may be a free surface (no other elements on it), in particular on the internal main face of a multiple glazing (two, three, four sheets of glass spaced apart, in particular with peripheral seals): internal space side which is a blade of gas (air etc) or vacuum.
- the surface of the diffusing layer can be covered by (and in contact with) a transparent element preferably of thickness at most 1.5 mm or submillimetric,
- an overlayer (monolayer or multilayer), in particular a deposit, in particular of at most 1 ⁇ m or of at most 200 nm and the overlayer having a free surface, in particular the overlayer is dielectric, in particular mineral, devoid of electrically conductive layer.
- the enamelled substrate is a monolithic glazing (not part of a laminated or multiple glazing).
- the polymeric film can be between 5 ⁇ m and 1 mm thick, preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, in particular between 20 and 300 ⁇ m, preferably at least 50 ⁇ m and at most 200 ⁇ m.
- the polymeric film can be chosen from a polyester, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), a polycarbonate (PC), a polyolefin such as a polyethylene (PE), a polypropylene (PP), a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyimide or also a fluorinated polymer such as ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene ethylene (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) and fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers ( EFF).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PC polycarbonate
- a polyolefin such as a polyethylene (PE), a polypropylene (PP), a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyimide or also a fluorinated
- PET is preferred for its transparency, its surface quality, its mechanical strength, its availability, at all sizes.
- the absorption of this transparent film, in particular of PET, is preferably less than 0.5% or even at most 0.2% and with a blurring of less than 1.5% and even at most 1%.
- the optical adhesive is in particular (a resin) based on polyester, acrylic or silicone. It can be a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA).
- PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive abbreviated PSA and commonly called self-adhesive, is an adhesive which forms a bond when pressure is applied to it so as to secure the adhesive with the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.
- PSAs are generally based on elastomer coupled with a suitable additional adhesive agent or "tackifier” agent (for example, an ester resin).
- tackifier for example, an ester resin
- Elastomers can be based on:
- PSAs based on silicone are for example gums and polydimethylsiloxane resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene
- block copolymers based on styrene such as block copolymers Styrene butadiene-styrene (SBS), Styrene-ethylene / butylene -styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), Styrene isoprene -styrene (SIS),
- SBS Styrene butadiene-styrene
- SEBS Styrene-ethylene / butylene -styrene
- SEP styrene-ethylene / propylene
- SIS Styrene isoprene -styrene
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is for example chosen from PSAs based on acrylates and PSAs based on silicone. These adhesives are marketed as rolls of double-sided adhesives.
- silicone-based PSAs mention may be made of Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2- 7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive , 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive.
- the first sheet of glass is part of a laminated glazing (possibly curved) comprising:
- a second transparent sheet preferably of glass (or a plastic such as poly (methyl methacrylate) or PMMA), in particular colorless, in clear or extra-clear glass or even tinted
- the first main face is preferably the internal main face of the first sheet, on the lamination interlayer side, in particular the diffusing layer is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer or an overlayer is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer.
- a lamination interlayer (clear or tinted) as blurry as possible, that is to say at most 1.5% and even at most 1%.
- spacers can be based on polymers chosen from polyvinyl vinyl (PVB), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).
- PVB polyvinyl vinyl
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PU polyurethane
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- the dividers have preferably a thickness between 10 ⁇ m and 2 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 1 mm.
- the laminating interlayer can be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), formed from one or more films, for example having a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PU polyurethane
- EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer
- the surface of the laminating interlayer may be less than the surface of the laminated glazing, for example leaving a groove (in frame or strip), free and therefore not laminated.
- the laminating interlayer may comprise at least one so-called central layer of viscoelastic plastic material with vibro-acoustic damping properties, in particular based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and of plasticizer, and the interlayer, and further comprising two outer layers in Standard PVB, the central layer being between the two outer layers.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the central layer being between the two outer layers.
- an acoustic sheet mention may be made of patent EP0844075. Mention may be made of the acoustic PVBs described in patent applications WO2012 / 025685, WO2013 / 175101, in particular tinted as in WO2015079159.
- the glass of the first and / or of the second glass sheet may have undergone a chemical or thermal treatment of the hardening, annealing or toughening type (in particular for better mechanical resistance) or may be semi-toughened.
- the second glass sheet is made of organic glass (such as polycarbonate or PC, PMMA, cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC) or even polyethylene terephthalate (PET) possibly protected by a coating (on the outside).
- organic glass such as polycarbonate or PC, PMMA, cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC) or even polyethylene terephthalate (PET) possibly protected by a coating (on the outside).
- the second glass sheet may have functional thin layers on one or the other of its faces or both: one can cite a hydrophobic or self-cleaning, photocatalytic layer on the external face.
- the bending of the first and of the second glass sheet can be in one or more directions for example as described in document WO2010136702.
- an optical isolator can be provided on the first main face with a refractive index of less than n1, in particular a layer of porous silica (sol-gel) with a refractive index of at most 1, 3 even of at most 1, 2 and better of thickness of at least 200nm even of at least 400nm and preferably of at most 1 pm.
- This layer of porous sol-gel silica is described in application W02008 / 059170 in particular in FIG. 11 or even in application W02015 / 101745.
- the porous silica layer is discontinuous and the diffusing layer according to the invention is in the discontinuity (s) (on and in contact with the first face).
- the porous silica layer can be on either side of the diffusing layer or even just in the area upstream between the edge of coupling with a light source (coupled with the first sheet) and the edge of the layer of closest scattering.
- the first glass sheet may have a masking layer which is often peripheral on the first or second face, for example an opaque black or dark enamel layer forming a peripheral strip or even a peripheral frame.
- the first glass sheet may in particular comprise a masking layer, in particular enamel, adjacent to the diffusing layer or on the second face offset from the diffusing layer, in particular peripheral masking layer along the optical coupling wafer bright (coupled with the first sheet), such as diodes.
- a masking layer in particular enamel, adjacent to the diffusing layer or on the second face offset from the diffusing layer, in particular peripheral masking layer along the optical coupling wafer bright (coupled with the first sheet), such as diodes.
- the diffusing layer may be more central, offset from the masking layer.
- the width of this layer is eliminated or limited along the optical coupling edge (between the optical coupling edge and the edge of the diffusing layer). less than 5cm or even less than 3cm.
- the light source (coupled with the first sheet) can be placed in a hole at the level of the peripheral masking or a more central hole, as detailed later.
- laminated glazing to hide some of the elements, it is known to provide the inner face of the first outer glass sheet with black enamel and / or to provide the inner face of the second inner glass sheet d black enamel.
- Printing is generally carried out in particular by screen printing on the flat substrate (that is to say before bending), and the face opposite to that on which it is printed is generally placed on a support such as a conveyor belt.
- the second glass sheet may have a peripheral external masking layer (respectively external masking layer) which is a layer of black or dark enamel, a layer of paint or an opaque ink preferably on the side of the intermediate side or on the lamination interlayer or even on an additional carrier film (PET etc.).
- a peripheral external masking layer which is a layer of black or dark enamel, a layer of paint or an opaque ink preferably on the side of the intermediate side or on the lamination interlayer or even on an additional carrier film (PET etc.).
- the interior and exterior masking layers are made of the same material, preferably in particular black enamel.
- the diffusing layer can be on the laminating interlayer side:
- the first glass sheet may comprise on a second main face opposite the first main face with the diffusing layer of enamel and / or on the first face under the diffusing layer and / or adjacent to the diffusing layer a transparent functional layer - as that this layer does not significantly harm the light guide function (by its absorption, etc.) of the first sheet of glass.
- a transparent functional layer - as that this layer does not significantly harm the light guide function (by its absorption, etc.) of the first sheet of glass.
- the light transmission factor of the functional layer / first glass sheet / diffusing layer assembly can be lowered by the addition of this layer.
- the blur remains low (and the sharpness preferably high) preferably at most 15%.
- an optical isolating layer for example a porous silica layer and the diffusing layer is opposite, for example
- a masking layer adjacent to the diffusing layer in particular peripheral layer, in particular an enamel layer, preferably of width less than 5 cm or 3 cm between the optical coupling wafer and the edge of the nearest diffusing layer
- an electrically conductive layer in particular an electrode (electrically conductive layer connected to an energy supply), a layer (forming a circuit) for the electrical supply of (opto) electronic components (sensors, etc.) - components if possible as transparent and / or as discreet as possible -, in particular a layer of transparent conductive oxide,
- a heating layer that is to say an electrically conductive layer supplied electrically (typically by two current supply strips), in particular with a heating zone which is connected to at least two electrically conductive bus bars (width of the busbars is preferably 2 mm to 30 mm, 4 mm to 20 mm and in particular 10 mm to 20 mm) intended for connection to a voltage source such that a current path for a heating current is formed between them
- a layer reflecting or absorbing solar radiation known as a solar control (and /) or low emissivity layer or an anti-condensation layer, in particular a coating comprising (at least) a functional layer of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) or (at least) a metallic functional layer, in particular a solar control layer which can also serve as a heating layer with a current supply at the periphery
- a protective layer for example for a shower cubicle wall, bath screen.
- a hydrophobic layer easy to clean and anti-corrosion
- SnZnO based on titanium oxide and zirconium as described in application WO2017 / 129916-, on the water side (shower bath) or on the two sides, diffusing layer on opposite side or on the hydrophobic layer
- the (each) functional layer (electrically conductive, anti-reflective, etc.) can cover at least 50% and even at least 70% or 80% or even at least 90% of the main face.
- the electroconductive layer is a layer (monolayer or multilayer, therefore stacking) preferably with a total thickness less than or equal to 2 ⁇ m, more particularly preferably less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m.
- the electrically conductive layer can have a resistance of 0.4 ohm / square to 10 ohms / square of sheet and even from 0.5 ohm / square to 1 ohm / square, with voltages typically from 12 V to 48 V.
- a functional layer can be deposited by various techniques for depositing thin layers, such as for example sputtering techniques, in particular assisted by magnetic field (magnetron process), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in particular assisted by plasma (PECVD, APPECVD), or else liquid deposition, in particular by screen printing, printing or by sol-gel .
- sputtering techniques in particular assisted by magnetic field (magnetron process), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in particular assisted by plasma (PECVD, APPECVD), or else liquid deposition, in particular by screen printing, printing or by sol-gel .
- the electrically conductive layer can include transparent conductive oxides (TCO), i.e. materials which are both good conductive and transparent in the visible, such as indium oxide doped with tin (ITO). ), tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine (Sn0 2 : F) or zinc oxide doped with aluminum (ZnO: Al).
- TCO transparent conductive oxides
- ITO indium oxide doped with tin
- Sn0 2 : F tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine
- ZnO aluminum
- An ITO-based electrically conductive layer has, for example, a surface resistance of 50 to 200 ohms per square.
- electroconductive layers based on conductive oxides are preferably deposited on thicknesses of the order of 50 to 100 nm.
- the TCO layer (of a transparent electrically conductive oxide) is preferably a fluorine-doped tin oxide layer (Sn0 2 : F) or a mixed tin-indium oxide layer (ITO) .
- the thin layers based on mixed indium and zinc oxides (called "IZO"), based on zinc oxide doped with gallium or aluminum, based on titanium oxide doped with niobium, based on cadmium or zinc stannate, based on tin oxide doped with antimony.
- the doping rate (that is to say the weight of aluminum oxide relative to the total weight) is preferably less than 3%.
- the doping rate can be higher, typically in a range from 5 to 6%.
- the atomic percentage of Sn is preferably within a range ranging from 5 to 70%, in particular from 10 to 60%.
- the atomic percentage of fluorine is preferably at most 5%, generally from 1 to 2%.
- emissivity is meant the normal emissivity at 283 K within the meaning of standard EN12898.
- the thickness of the low emissivity layer (TCO etc) is adjusted, depending on the nature of the layer, so as to obtain the desired emissivity, which depends on the thermal performance sought.
- the emissivity of the low emissivity layer is for example less than or equal to 0.3, in particular to 0.25 or even to 0.2.
- the thickness will generally be at least 40 nm, or even at least 50 nm and even at least 70 nm, and often at most 150 nm or at most 200 nm.
- fluorinated doped tin oxide layers the thickness will be generally at least 120 nm, or even at least 200 nm, and often at most 500 nm.
- the low emissivity layer comprises the following sequence: high index sublayer / low index sublayer / a TCO layer / optional dielectric overlay.
- a low emissivity layer protected during quenching, it is possible to choose high index sublayer ( ⁇ 40 nm) / low index sublayer ( ⁇ 30 nm) / an ITO layer / high index overlayer (5 - 15 nm )) / low index overlay ( ⁇ 90 nm) barrier / last layer ( ⁇ 10 nm).
- the silver layers are facing 2 or 3 and / or 5 and
- the diffusing layer can be on the face 3, 4.5 for example or the face 6.
- the first sheet can be with two anti-reflective layers on each side or a silver or TCO layer and on the opposite side an anti-reflective layer.
- a printed busbar preferably contains at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metallic and / or carbon compound, in particular preferably a noble metal and, in particular, silver.
- the printing paste preferably contains metallic particles, metallic and / or carbon particles and, in particular particles of noble metal such as silver particles.
- the thickness of a printed bus bar may preferably be from 5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m and more particularly preferably from 8 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m.
- a bus bar may also be in the form of a strip of an electrically conductive sheet.
- the busbar then contains, for example, at least aluminum, copper, tinned copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten and / or tin or alloys thereof.
- the strip preferably has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the layers described above can be on preferably a transparent polymer support (polyethylene terephthalate called PET etc.) in particular within the laminating interlayer for laminated glazing.
- a transparent polymer support polyethylene terephthalate called PET etc.
- a TCO is placed for example on the external face of a window (face 1) for example as described in application WO2012 / 022876.
- Laminated glazing is capable of carrying many functions (in addition to the above-mentioned solar control heating layers), layers and numerous accessories, among which may be mentioned
- - heating wires in particular a thickness less than or equal to 0.1 mm, preferably of copper, tungsten, gold, silver or aluminum or alloys of at least two of these metals
- an additional light element an organic diode (OLED),
- - a multipixel screen liquid crystal, active matrix OLED, etc.
- the first sheet of glass with the diffusing layer according to the invention may form part of a multiple glazing comprising said first sheet, a second sheet of glass, sheets preferably spaced apart by a gas layer (air or neutral gas such as argon) or vacuum and fixed:
- a gas layer air or neutral gas such as argon
- peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame and possibly with a first polymeric seal
- a mounting frame in particular profiled (metallic, etc.).
- the first sheet of glass may in particular form part of a multiple glazing which is an assembly of several sheets of glass - for example a double -or triple glazing- comprising said first sheet, a second sheet of glass, a possible third sheet of glass, first and second sheets spaced apart - by a first blade of gas (air or argon) or vacuum - for example by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame for example, (and in particular sealed at the periphery) of the main internal faces of the first and second glass sheets
- a multiple glazing which is an assembly of several sheets of glass - for example a double -or triple glazing- comprising said first sheet, a second sheet of glass, a possible third sheet of glass, first and second sheets spaced apart - by a first blade of gas (air or argon) or vacuum - for example by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame for example, (and in particular sealed at the periphery) of the main internal faces of the first and second glass sheets
- second and third sheets spaced apart for example by a peripheral spacer forming in particular a frame for example and in particular sealed on the periphery of the main internal faces of the second and third sheets of glass.
- the diffusing layer is on one of the main internal faces of the first and second glass sheets or of the optional third glass sheet.
- a spacer (frame) and a polymeric seal are typically used on the periphery of the internal faces.
- the spacer is fixed inside the insulating glazing by its lateral faces to the internal main faces by butyl rubber which also has the role of sealing the interior of the insulating glazing with water vapor.
- the spacer is set back inside the glazing and near the longitudinal edges of the edges of said glass sheets, so as to provide a peripheral groove into which are injected a first polymeric seal of the mastic type, such as in polysulfide. or polyurethane.
- the putty confirms the mechanical assembly of the two glass sheets 1, 1 ’and provides a seal against liquid water or solvents.
- an insulating glazing spacer in particular a profile - made of aluminum, in particular anodized - housing a desiccant
- the first sheet of glass can be part of multiple glazing - such as an oven door - which is an assembly of several sheets of glass comprising:
- first and second sheets spaced apart by a frame
- the first main face is one of the internal main faces of the first and second, third fourth sheets of glass, in particular on a sheet glass intermediate between the front glass sheets and the cavity sheet for an oven door.
- a single piece (metal profile, etc.) can be used as a mounting frame (and spacer) for the two, three, four glass sheets of the oven door (pivoting, etc.).
- the first sheet of glass is an interior glazing of multiple glazing with at least three or four sheets of glass.
- An opaque or reflective element can be placed (masking decoration, etc.) offset or facing the diffusing layer on the second transparent sheet of multiple glazing.
- the other layer has a thickness E ⁇ of at least 5pm and at most 20pm:
- the vitreous material is porous (and transparent), the vitreous material is based on zinc borosilicate and / or bismuth,
- said diffusing elements of the other layer are porosities of gas or vacuum, of characteristic dimension, in particular a diameter, of at least 0.2 ⁇ m,
- the second or third sheet of glass and the other layer having:
- This other layer can be of the same nature and thickness as the diffusing layer as already described.
- the patterns can be offset, side by side, possibly being intertwined.
- the other layer can be inscribed inside a hollow pattern formed by the first diffusing layer.
- the first sheet of glass is an interior glazing of a multiple glazing with at least four sheets of glass
- the second glass sheet is another interior glazing of said multiple glazing.
- the enamelled substrate can form glazing for buildings, furniture in particular:
- window for building (greenhouse included): window, (facade, roof, preferably double or triple glazing) including window door, or interior partition, door, entry door, interior window, or even for a glass ceiling or a slab floor (preferably laminated glazing)
- partition for interior furniture: partition, shower, bath screen, splashback (wall), worktop, table, shelf, door (cupboard, cupboard, etc.), display, railing,
- the enamelled substrate is part of a laminated glazing in particular forming:
- the diffusing layer is then preferably on the laminating face side (to protect it).
- the enamelled substrate can be a monolithic glazing in particular forming:
- a display case (commercial facade) possibly curved, a shelf (of furniture, even a refrigerator),
- the enamelled substrate can be part of an insulating glazing (preferably double glazing or triple glazing).
- Insulating glass can be:
- a refrigerated cabinet door including freezer
- a commercial refrigerated cabinet for shops
- a laminated glazing can be provided with an optical isolating film and a second light source optically coupled to the second transparent sheet (of glass) in particular with an additional diffusing layer as already described.
- a low emissive coating is preferably on the innermost glazing and on the face oriented internal space.
- the diffusing layer is preferably on the first glazing which is the outermost of the equipment.
- the diffusing layer can be on the gas slide side (to protect it).
- the invention also relates to a luminous glazed device (in other words luminous glazing) comprising the enamelled substrate (monolithic, laminated, multiple glazing) as described above and a light source which is optically coupled to the first sheet of glass, in particular to the edge or to a wall (internal edge) of a hole (closed) of the first glass sheet, direct optical coupling or by means of an optic, light source possibly within said hole.
- the hole can be:
- An element can be added between the light source and the wall of the hole or the edge.
- the preferably through hole may have any geometric shape mainly limited by the technical feasibility of the drilling process and by the solidity of the pierced glass sheet, for example, circular or rectangular shapes, preferably with rounded angles.
- the through hole or holes may preferably be large enough to accommodate several diodes or several diode modules or an intermediate coupling piece.
- the extent of the hole (through) preferably does not exceed 100 cm 2 , and is advantageously between 0.7 and 50 cm 2 .
- the through hole in the second sheet is advantageously filled with an obstruction element.
- the distance separating the wall (internal edge) from the hole of the diffusing layer is preferably at most equal to 50 cm or even 20 cm, in particular at most equal to 10cm, and ideally at most equal to 5cm. This distance is that between the wall and the edge of the diffusing layer closest to this wall.
- LEDs or OLEDs are for example integrated in the frame of the casement window on the edge.
- the luminous glazed device according to the invention is preferably used as a source of polychromatic lighting, in particular of white light.
- the diodes may or may not be integral with the glass.
- the diodes may or may not be mono or polychrome and be concealed.
- the diodes can be simple semiconductor chips (without encapsulation or collimation lens), of size for example of the order of a hundred ⁇ m or of one or a few millimeters (for example 1 mm in width, 2.8 mm in length and 1.5 mm in height). They may also include a protective envelope, temporary or not, to protect the chip during handling or to improve the compatibility between the materials of the chip and other materials and / or be encapsulated (for example encapsulation of low volume of type ' SMD '(“surface monted device”), with an envelope, for example of epoxy or nylon type resin, encapsulating the chip and having various functions: protection against oxidation and humidity, diffusing, focusing, or collimation role , wavelength conversion ).
- a protective envelope temporary or not, to protect the chip during handling or to improve the compatibility between the materials of the chip and other materials and / or be encapsulated (for example encapsulation of low volume of type ' SMD '(“surface monted device”), with an
- the total number of diodes is defined by the size and location of the areas to be lit, by the desired light intensity and the required uniformity of light.
- the diodes can be (pre) assembled on one or more PCB supports (PCB for Printed Circuit Board in English) or supports with power supply tracks, PCB supports can be fixed to other supports (profiles, etc.) .
- PCB supports PCB for Printed Circuit Board in English
- PCB supports can be fixed to other supports (profiles, etc.) .
- the diodes can comprise or even preferably be simple semiconductor chips, for example of width W0 of the order of a hundred ⁇ m or from 1 to 5 mm.
- the width of each diode of the light source is preferably less than the thickness of the first sheet of glass.
- Each diode of the light source can be chosen in particular from at least one of the following light-emitting diodes:
- a diode with lateral emission that is to say parallel to the (faces of) electrical contacts, with an emitting face lateral with respect to the PCB support, - a diode, the main emission direction of which is perpendicular or oblique with respect to the emitting face of the chip.
- a light source can be provided on one side, two sides (opposite or adjacent) or even on three sides.
- the light source is opposite the edge of the first glass sheet, preferably by centering the emitting face of the light-emitting diodes on the first edge,
- the diffusing layer is directly on the first or the second face of the first glass sheet
- the refractive index nf of the lamination interlayer is less than n1 by at least 0.01 to 550nm, like PVB especially if distinct from the refractive index of the diffusing layer.
- one or more sensors linked to the environment and / or to the glazing may be associated with the light sources and / or with the power supply system for said glazing.
- a luminosity detector photodiode, etc.
- a temperature sensor external or integrated, on the glass or the light sources
- the used sensor controlling for example the feeding of the light sources via a computer or central unit.
- You can define a measurement value of the sensor (maximum brightness for example) beyond which the glazing stops performing one of its functions (extraction of light or activation of light sources in particular).
- the glazing power supply is blocked and for a lower value, the glazing or one of its functions (for example its brightness level) can be controlled via the information received from or s) sensors.
- the glazing function can also be "forced" by the user by deactivating the sensors.
- the sensors can be inside (eg building, vehicle) or outside.
- the management of the glazing according to the external environment makes it possible, for example, to improve the durability of light sources and other components (polymers, electronic components, etc.), limiting their operation in high light and / or temperature conditions making it possible in particular to significantly reduce (between 10 and 20 ° C minimum) the maximum temperatures to which light sources may be exposed during the use of the product, while retaining the functions of the bright glazing.
- This coupling also makes it possible to automatically adapt the lighting intensity of the glazing to the external light conditions, without the user having to intervene.
- this interactivity is in the form of different devices making it possible to display information coming from different sensors.
- the light source can be controlled by an external signal or include a sensor module comprising at least one sensor.
- the sensor is chosen from a non-exhaustive list of sensors, including temperature, light, humidity, CO or C02 type gas, etc. These sensors measure the following elements: Light, Colors, Level, Position, Pressure, Sound, Temperature, Angle, Magnetic field, Flow, Displacement, Distance, Force, Inertials, Stress, Current, Particles.
- This sensor module communicates with a calculation module arranged to receive the data from the sensor module and analyze it. This analysis makes it possible to generate at least one control signal to send
- a diffusing layer can indicate in the form of a pictogram that it is too cold outside while another diffusing layer can indicate that it is too hot.
- the luminous glazing device according to the invention or luminous glazing may comprise a mounting profile for the glazing, for example metallic (aluminum etc.) facing the edge of the luminous glazing and even on at least one one of the main external faces of the luminous glazing, the light source (diodes etc.) being in the volume between the mounting profile and the edge of the first glass sheet, the profile comprising a core facing the edge of the glass module, preferably a first wing (L-shaped section) and even a second wing (U-shaped section).
- the mounting profile can be fitted or fixed by gluing or by any other means to the glazing.
- the second wing of the mounting profile can be mobile or removable, providing access to the interior of the profile at any time, in particular after installation (partition ).
- the mounting profile can be provided with a closed screen.
- the light source in particular a diode PCB support, can be fixed (by gluing or spaced from the luminous glazing and fixed to the mounting profile or to a so-called internal part, preferably metallic (heat sink) extending in width from preferably without interfering with the flange (s) of the mounting profile.
- the internal part can be fixed to the mounting profile or placed on it or on a block (in the mounting position on a vertical edge of the glazing).
- the mounting profile and / or the internal part preferably does not create a thermal bridge.
- a seal can be between the mounting profile (like a carpentry frame to form a window) and the main external faces of the luminous glazing.
- the mounting profile (frame) of the refrigerated furniture door (or window) is preferably associated with the insulating glazing without creating a thermal bridge.
- the enamelled substrate according to the invention can be part of a glazing assembly like that of an oven door, in particular the luminous glazed device is an oven door.
- a conventional oven door consists of two sheets of glass connected at their edge by a frame delimiting between them an internal space also called hot porosity.
- One of the sheets of glass is the facade glass while the other sheet of glass is the sheet in contact with the oven enclosure. This construction allows for a relatively cold front door.
- the first sheet of glass (coupled to the light source) is the facade glass.
- a preferred oven door can also include three glass sheets, these glass sheets are connected at their edge (edge) by a frame, and delimiting between them two internal spaces.
- the oven door therefore comprises an exterior or facade glass sheet, an interior glass sheet and an intermediate glass sheet.
- the inner glass sheet is the glass sheet in contact with the oven enclosure.
- the first glass sheet (coupled to the light source) is the intermediate glass sheet.
- the diffusing layer representative of information to be displayed is oriented on the enclosure side or on the outer sheet side.
- the first sheet of glass (coupled to the light source) can be the facade sheet.
- the diffusing layer representing information to be displayed is oriented on the enclosure side or on the outside side.
- the diffusing layer can be on a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F can be on the second main face.
- an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F can be on the second main face.
- the low emissivity layer is preferably turned towards the oven cavity.
- EKOVISION EKOVISION +, EKOVISION + glasses (an electrically conductive layer on each face) sold by EUROVEDER, in particular the Si 3 N 4 / Si0 2 / ITO / Si 3 N 4 / Si0 2 / TiOx stack.
- the electrically conductive layer acts as a thermal insulation layer and limits the maximum temperature of the oven door.
- the first glass sheet (and even the second glass sheet) is toughened.
- the oven door comprises another intermediate glass sheet comprising at least one other diffusing layer representative of information to be displayed.
- the first glass sheet is the intermediate glass sheet and the second glass sheet is the other intermediate glass sheet.
- the diffusing layer can be on a stack based on an electroconductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electroconductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F can be on the second main face.
- / or the other diffusing layer may be on a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO, SnO2: F and / or a stack based on an electrically conductive layer such as TCO, in particular ITO , Sn02: F can be on the opposite main face.
- two light sources are arranged to generate light beams of different colors, one in optical coupling with the first sheet of intermediate glass, the other in optical coupling with the second sheet of intermediate glass.
- the external glass sheet (front glazing) of the oven door (with two, three, four glass sheets as mentioned above) comprises a peripheral coating of black enamel on its cavity face.
- the thickness of the glass sheets is preferably within a range from 2 to 5 mm, in particular from 2.5 to 4.5 mm. Thicknesses of 3 or 4 mm are particularly advantageous in terms of cost, weight and thermal insulation of the door.
- the thickness of the or each air knife is typically in a range from 2 to 6 mm, in particular from 3 to 5 mm. These air knife thickness values are not limitative and may vary depending on the configuration of the oven door and the number of glass sheets it will contain.
- the total thickness of the door is generally within a range from 6 to 50 mm, in particular from 15 to 40 mm.
- the glass sheets generally have a rectangular-shaped surface, the corners possibly being rounded.
- the invention further relates to an oven comprising an enclosure delimited by a bottom, two side walls, a high wall and a low wall, a sixth side is left open in order to have access to said enclosure, said oven comprising a door oven pivotally mounted and installed to allow the enclosure to be closed, said oven door (with two, three, four sheets of glass as mentioned above) comprising the enamelled substrate according to the invention (coupled to the light source forming the glazed light device ) who is :
- an intermediate sheet in particular made of silica-calcium glass
- the cavity sheet in particular made of silica-calcium glass
- - or facade glazing in particular made of silica-calcium glass and preferably without a peripheral masking layer (black enamel, etc.) or at least with a peripheral masking layer having a width (distance from the edge, normal to the edge) of at most 5 or 3cm on the optical coupling side with a light source.
- the diffusing layer comprising a glassy material is preferably obtained by a process in which:
- a glass frit is mixed with an organic medium so as to form a paste, - said paste is deposited on the first glass sheet,
- the deposition of the dough can be carried out preferably by screen printing, or by ink jet, by digital printing, by dipping, by application with a knife, by spraying, by spinning, by vertical coating or even using a slot die coating.
- the invention also relates to the method of manufacturing the enamelled substrate described above which includes the formation of a diffusing layer involving in this order:
- - depositing on the first sheet of calcium silicate glass preferably by screen printing of a liquid composition (paste of suitable viscosity) with a wet thickness of at least 10 ⁇ m and at most 40 ⁇ m, and better still from 15 to 30 ⁇ m comprising a frit glass and an organic medium, in particular water-soluble,
- drying in particular by infrared or even ultraviolet
- a temperature of at most 150 ° C and preferably between 100 ° or 110 ° C and 130 ° C
- the temperature is controlled (not too high) in order to trap enough closed porosities.
- Drying eliminates the vast majority of the solvent (at least 80% for example) by limiting the risks of pollution of the surface by dust which would impact the transparency of the diffusing layer.
- the temperature and the duration can preferably also be fixed in order to be part of a quenching (thermal) or bending (hot) quenching process.
- the temperature and the duration preferably can preferably also be fixed in order to be part of a lamination process.
- the first sheet of glass that is part of a laminate can be cold curved for flexibility (its thinness) and the second sheet of glass is thicker.
- these temperatures in an oven are preferred during a bending operation and / or a thermal quenching (before or without bending) following baking.
- the oven can be in an industrial heating (bending) quenching line. The quenching does not modify the optical characteristics of the diffusing layer.
- the bending is done:
- the first and second sheets of glass can be deposited in a bending furnace, stacked and in contact with each other, on a skeleton for bending by collapse gravity
- the first sheet of glass is not necessarily thermally toughened and / or curved by heating when it is thin.
- these times are compatible with the cooking time in a quenching heating line or quenching bending.
- the duration can be adjusted according to the thickness of the first sheet of glass. This solution is compatible with glazing that needs to be toughened.
- the first glass sheet being conveyed on a conveyor with the first main face opposite the conveyor side, the cooking is in an oven on the conveyor, bending oven possible, and is possibly the cooking is followed by a thermal tempering.
- the lamination comprises evacuating - by any means of aspiration - heating and possible pressurization.
- the lamination may include degassing, sealing of the edge, autoclave and involves the implementation of temperatures and pressures suitable in the usual way, during the autoclave, the sheet such as PVB is brought to relatively high temperature (greater than 100 ° C for PVB often between 90 ° c and 140 ° C), which will soften it and allow it to creep.
- relatively high temperature greater than 100 ° C for PVB often between 90 ° c and 140 ° C
- the interfaces between the different PVBs will disappear, the PVB will somehow heal to form only a homogeneous and continuous film at the end of the autoclave.
- the steps in which the laminated structure is subjected to a vacuum are carried out by means of a vacuum enclosure or a vacuum bag.
- a waterproof elastomer envelope provided with an orifice through which a vacuum is applied by suction.
- the waterproof envelope is often referred to by the English term "vacuum ring”. It is therefore aspirated to evacuate the air present in the cold laminated structure for at least 30 min, in this case 90 min, then it is heated while continuing to vacuum.
- Screen printing is a well-known printing technique which uses a screen printing screen consisting of a fabric on which the patterns to be printed on the substrate are reproduced and a doctor blade making it possible to apply a sufficient shear force to pass the paste through the meshes of the screen through the openings corresponding to the pattern to be printed and deposit said paste on the substrate.
- the composition in the form of paste is applied to the substrate then undergoes a heat treatment at a temperature and for a time sufficient to allow the melting of the frit and the formation of porosities.
- the glass frit is preferably obtained by melting raw materials and then forming the frit.
- the raw materials (oxides, carbonates, etc.) can be melted at temperatures of the order of 950 to 1,100 ° C., then the glass obtained can be poured, for example laminated between two rollers.
- the glass obtained can then be ground, for example in a ball mill, a jet mill, a ball mill, or an attrition mill.
- the glass frit is preferably in the form of particles whose D90 is at most 20 ⁇ m, in particular 5 ⁇ m, or even 4 ⁇ m.
- the particle diameter distribution can be determined using a laser granulometer.
- the glass frit (s) are mixed, that is to say the compounds which form the matrix, and preferably only the organic medium.
- the organic compounds are preferably at a high boiling temperature of the order of 200 ° C.
- cellulose resins or acrylate resins propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PM), dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM), tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM), propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (PnB), mono ether dipropylene glycol n-butyl (DPnB), tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (TPnB), propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether (PnP), mono-n-propyl ether d e dipropylene glycol (DPnP), tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether (TPnB), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PMA), Dowanol DB (diethylene glycol monobutyl ether) marketed by Dow Chemical Company, USA, or other ethers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.
- PMA propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- Dowanol DB di
- the enamel paste is obtained from a composition comprising or even consists of:
- borosilicate glass frit of zinc and / or bismuth from 70 to 80% by mass of a borosilicate glass frit of zinc and / or bismuth, preferably a glass borosilicate frit of zinc or even bismuth, and in particular the compositions indicated above
- Cooking can be in radiative exclusive mode or in radiative / convective hybrid. In the latter case, air flows are added directly during cooking to the furnace's heating body, making it possible to further homogenize the temperature of the sample.
- Figures 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1 g are sectional views of an enamelled glazing according to the invention obtained by scanning electron microscopy.
- Figures 1 h, 1 i are photographs of the surface of an enamelled glazing according to the invention with a reference pattern behind.
- Figure 1j is a view of the surface of an enamelled glazing according to the invention obtained by optical microscope.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is a monolithic glazed glazing illuminated by the edge in a first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2a represents a schematic front view of a light tablet comprising an enameled monolithic glazing illuminated by the edge in a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2d represents a schematic elevation view of a light table comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by the edge in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3b represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising two enameled glazings illuminated by a section in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4a represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed hole passing through in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4b represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing (for example) laminated comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed hole passing through in another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4c represents a schematic front view of an enamelled glazing illuminated by an internal section which is the wall of a closed through hole 15 in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5a represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is an insulating glazing for a refrigerated furniture door in a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5b shows a schematic front view of a refrigerated cabinet with a refrigerated cabinet light door.
- FIG. 6b represents a schematic front view of the luminous glazing of FIG. 6a.
- FIG. 6c represents a schematic front view of the luminous glazing of FIG. 6a in a first variant.
- FIG. 6d represents a schematic front view of the luminous glazing of FIG. 6a in a second variant.
- FIG. 6e represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing, of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6f represents a schematic elevation view of the two luminous glazings of FIG. 6e.
- FIG. 6g represents a schematic front view of the two luminous glazings of FIG. 6e.
- Fig. 7a is a diagrammatic side view of a household appliance such as an oven comprising the oven light door according to the invention.
- Figure 7b is a schematic sectional view of the door of Figure 7a, with three sheets of glass.
- Figure 7c is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b.
- Figure 7d is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b in a variant.
- FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic representation of a section of a light oven door according to an embodiment with four sheets of glass.
- Figure 8 ' is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 8.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a section of a light oven door according to an embodiment with four sheets of glass.
- Figure 9 ' is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 9.
- Planiclear® glasses sold by the company Saint-Gobain with a thickness of 4 mm are used. Their T L is 92% and their blur is at most 0.08%.
- the “enamel” paste used is a composition which firstly comprises a glass frit based on zinc borosilicate and in certain cases of bismuth.
- a glass frit based on zinc borosilicate and in certain cases of bismuth Four examples of the composition of glass frits A to D and their Tg are given in Table 1 below.
- the chemical analysis was carried out by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and by ICP-AES to evaluate the boron (lithium was not detected).
- XRF X-ray fluorescence
- ICP-AES ICP-AES
- the "enamel” paste used is a composition which comprises, in addition to the glass frit, a medium serving as an organic binder and providing a rheology adapted to a screen printing medium.
- This medium is for example water-soluble.
- the “enamel” paste A1 comprises, relative to the total mass of the composition:
- the organic medium which is water-soluble and made up of solvents of the glycol ether type and of polymeric resin of the cellulose fragments type.
- the “enamel” paste B1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:
- organic binder medium which is water-soluble and based on solvents of the glycol ether type and of polymeric resin of the cellulose fragments type.
- the “enamel” paste C1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:
- the “enamel” paste D1 comprises, with respect to the total mass of the composition:
- the viscosity is preferably between 8 and 12 Pa.s.
- drying is carried out under infrared lamps with a power of 1800W, making it possible to reach 150 ° C. in 140s. This is to eliminate the majority of solvents. It should be noted that pre-drying has a positive effect on the quality of the layer, in particular preventing the trapping of dust, etc.
- the oven baking temperature (much higher than that of the Tg) also varies according to the tests between 640 ° C and 720 ° C (set temperature of the oven).
- the cooking time also varies according to the tests between 180s and 400s.
- the enamel diffusing layer thus obtained is a flat 15 cm by 6 cm.
- the light extraction capacity (evaluated by the desired luminance criterion) requires a compromise. Indeed, too weak a blur means zero or insufficient extraction.
- composition B the blur is much higher but the sharpness is retained.
- compositions C and D the blur is slightly higher but the sharpness is degraded.
- the thickness-diffusing layer was observed with a scanning electron microscope tests 1a, 2, 3a.
- Figures 1a to 1g thus show sectional views of the diffusing layer 2 with its porosities 3 at different scales.
- the thickness of the enamel layer 2 is constant.
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b we observe for sample 1a closed and unconnected spherical porosities 3 within the matrix 20, the majority of which have a diameter D ranging from 1 ⁇ m to 6.5 ⁇ m. These porosities 3 are close to the free surface.
- porosities 3 of the following size are detected: 320nm, 490nm 510nm, 700nm, 930nm, 1390nm, 1680nm, 2030nm, 2190nm.
- porosities of the following size are detected: 920nm, 11 10nm, 1750nm, 1310nm, 7700nm.
- FIGS. 1 f and 1 g we observe for sample 2 closed and unconnected spherical porosities, the majority of which have a diameter D of less than 0.5 ⁇ m. These small porosities are close to the free surface.
- test 1a was also observed by optical microscopy as shown in FIG. 1j at a magnification of 600.
- the porosities 3 can be distinguished by contrast.
- Figures 1 h, 1 i are two photographs of the surface of sample 1a with a reference pattern 23 behind:
- test patterns 23 are remarkably identifiable.
- references C and D have a level of image clarity (%) significantly lower than the other references, these two references have improved chemical resistance, for example in the following cases:
- the gloss is measured in UB gloss unit with a Glossmeter, with the MICRO TRIGLOSS device (BYK-GARDNER) according to Standard ISO 2813 (measurement on the diffusing layer side with an angle of 60 °).
- the fusibility of the enamel of component A results in a smooth layer surface, which gives a high gloss greater than 140 UB.
- the gloss decreases slightly with thickness.
- the gloss of the enamel in component B is also greater than 100 UB.
- the gloss of the enamel of component C is 40 UB.
- the gloss of the enamel of component D is 50 BU.
- a diode module (SAMSUNG V2.2 module - 28 _ 1201 16) with 12V voltage is placed opposite the edge of the glass sheets.
- the emission angle is 120 °.
- the flux is 89 Lumens.
- the Lumicam ref 1201 device is used to assess luminance L at normal.
- the results are recorded in Table 3 below with an assessment of the quality as a function of the transparency (especially blurring) and of the light extraction.
- the luminance varies from 40 to 98 Cd / m 2 .
- the highest blur (test 2) does not necessarily imply the highest luminance.
- composition A than with composition B which is differentiated by its high bismuth content.
- composition A is kept with the two possible thicknesses.
- the viscosity is fixed at 12 Pa.s.
- the oven used is convective with introduction into the heating body of air flows of variable pressures (increasing with frequency F), with temperatures varying between 690 ° C and 710 ° C.
- a diode module (SAMSUNG V2.2 module - 28 _ 1201 16) with 12V voltage is placed opposite the edge of the glass sheets.
- the emission angle is 120 °.
- the flux is 89 Lumens.
- the Lumicam ref 1201 device is used.
- references C and D have a level of image clarity (%) 5 significantly lower than the other references, these two references have improved chemical resistance, for example in the following cases:
- the luminance is better in radiative mode than in convective mode.
- composition A In radiative mode, with regard to composition A, the best compromise (low blurring, high sharpness, sufficient luminance) is obtained with a temperature greater than or equal to 710 ° C. The luminance remains high at lower temperature.
- composition A for a convective mode, concerning composition A, good results are observed as long as the temperature is not too high, less than or equal to 690 ° C.
- the luminance is similar on the layer or opposite side and that the luminance is stable: (same result along the perpendiculars to the diodes).
- Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional and partial view of a luminous glazing 100' monolithic in a first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 ′ it is a simple glazing 1 with a slice and main faces called face A and face B, for example rectangular (of dimensions 300 ⁇ 300 mm for example), made of mineral glass, plan and tempered having a first main face 11 corresponding to face B and a second main face 12 corresponding to face A, and a slice 10 for example rounded or flat (to avoid flaking) here longitudinal slice (or in lateral variant); for example, it is a sheet of silica-calcium lime glass, extra-clear like a diamond glass sold by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, of thickness equal for example to 3 mm, glazing with a refractive index n1 of the order of 1.51 to 550nm.
- Light-emitting diodes 4 extend at the edge of the glazing 1. When the diodes 4 are off, the glazing alone is of light transmission T L of the order of 92% and of blurring of less than 0.2%.
- top-emitting diodes are aligned on a PCB support 41 opposite the first wafer 10, for example a parallelepiped strip, and their emitting faces are parallel to the PCB support and to wafer 10.
- the PCB support is for example fixed by the optical glue 6 (or a transparent double face) to the first section 10.
- the PCB support with the diodes is between the first section 10 and a metal profile 7 (aluminum, stainless steel, for heat dissipation) or even plastic (rigid) of U-shaped section, comprising a core 70 opposite the first section, a first wing (optional but preferred) 71 extending until facing the peripheral edge of the first face 11 and a second wing 72 (optional but preferred) extending until facing the peripheral edge of the second face 12.
- the PCB support can be against or fixed to the core 70 (possibly by removing the glue 6). In the case of side-emitting diodes, the PCB support can be against or fixed to the first or second wing.
- the light-emitting diodes each comprising an emitting chip capable of emitting one or more radiations in the visible guided (s) in the first glazing 1.
- the diodes 4 are of small sizes typically a few mm or less, in particular of the order of 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1 mm, without optics (lens) and preferably not pre-encapsulated to minimize clutter.
- the distance between the diodes and the edge 10 is reduced as much as possible, for example from 1 to 2 mm.
- the main direction of emission is perpendicular to the face of the semiconductor chip, for example with an active layer with multi quantum wells, of AlinGaP technology or other semiconductors.
- the light cone is a Lambertian type cone, +/- 60 0 .
- the glazing 100 may have a plurality of light zones, the light zone or zones preferably occupying less than 50%, of the surface of at least one face, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round ...)
- the light ray A (after refraction on the edge 10) propagates by total internal reflection (at the level of the second face 12 and of the face 1 1 called face A) in the first glazing 1 forming a light guide.
- a diffusing layer 2 of transparent enamel is deposited on the second face 12 of the first glazing, for example like that with component A.
- the diffusion layer can be deposited before or after quenching.
- the diffusing layer 2 is on the face 1 1.
- diodes emitting white and / or colored light for mood lighting, reading ...
- a red light possibly alternately with green light for signaling in the train.
- the extraction can form a bright pattern, such as a logo or brand.
- the glazing 100 for example is a shower wall.
- the face 1 1 or 12 may have a hydrophobic layer, if necessary the diffusing layer is on this layer.
- the glazing 100 is vertical or horizontal, for example a display case or a work surface.
- the face 1 1 or 12 may have an anti-reflective layer (facing the user), if necessary the diffusing layer 2 is on this layer.
- FIG. 2a represents a schematic front view of a tablet 200a comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by the edge by diodes 4 in a second embodiment of the invention.
- the diffusing layer 2 is a set of disks of variable size 51 from one longitudinal edge to the other:
- FIG. 2b a front perspective view of a piece of furniture 200b with a light shelf 101 comprising a monolithic enameled glazing illuminated by the edge by diodes.
- the diffusing layer 2 comprises for example three light circles 50a, 50b, 50c for example on the upper face, in the form of flat areas or small discrete elements.
- the high, low, and lateral surfaces 102, 105, 103, 104 and the bottom surface 101 ’ are, for example, white.
- the piece of furniture can include one or more light shelves according to the invention that are identical or with distinct light patterns.
- FIG. 2c represents a sectional view of a piece of furniture 200c integrating two light shelves 100 each comprising a monolithic enameled glazing lit by the edge, for example like that of FIG. 1 ’.
- the piece of furniture has a vertical panel 201 on one foot, a panel housing the light shelves.
- the diffusing layer 2 comprises, for example, light rectangles, for example on the upper face, in the form of flat areas or small discrete elements.
- the table has on the external or internal face the diffusing layer 2, for example forming six discs 50.
- the diodes 4 are hidden, for example between the front glazing with the diffusing layer and a rear glazing 1.
- FIG. 3a represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a section by diodes in an embodiment of the invention.
- the luminous glazing 300a differs from that 100 ’described in FIG. 1 par in that it is a laminated glazing which additionally comprises:
- a laminating interlayer 6 ′ for example clear PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, preferably of blurring of at most 1.5%, with a longitudinal section here substantially aligned with the longitudinal section 10, laminating interlayer d refractive index n f less than n1 equal to 1.48 at 550 nm -
- a second glazing T of the same dimensions and of the same composition of glass with a so-called internal or laminating main face 13 opposite the second face 12, and another main face 14, and a section 10 'here longitudinal.
- the laminating interlayer 6 ′ is a clear EVA with a thickness of 0.76 mm, preferably with a blur of at most 1.5%, of refractive index.
- n f substantially equal to n1.
- the diffusing layer 2 can be on the face 12 or alternatively the face 13.
- the pattern of the layer 2 is formed to order.
- This glazing 300a for example can be used as a partition, a floor slab, be integrated into double or triple glazing.
- laminated glazing can include other elements such as:
- FIG. 3b represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300b comprising two glazed glazings illuminated by a section by diodes and optically isolated to have two luminous zones of distinct colors in an embodiment of the invention.
- a first glazing here rectangular in shape with external faces 1 1 and internal 12
- a first light source 4 here a first set of red and green light-emitting diodes 4 aligned on a printed circuit board said first PCB support 41, source optically coupled to the first wafer 10,
- first extraction surface (forming a pattern, etc.) on the internal face 12, which is a first diffusing layer 2 of transparent enamel according to the invention, discontinuous, in the form of first discrete diffusing elements 5 of size (width and / or length) any; here, for example, a network of decorative elements 5, for example geometric with a width of 3 cm.
- the internal face 12 and the first patterns 2 above are (directly) covered by:
- thermoplastic material here submillimetric EVA, in a 0.38 mm sheet, transparent even clear, having (only) a blur of at most 1.5%, and even 1% - a low index 55 film, made of fluoropolymer, forming the first (and here unique) optical isolator, preferably ETFE or FEP and of thickness 50 ⁇ m having first and second main faces treated by corona treatment such as the product called Norton ETFE from the company Saint Gobain Performance Plastics with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.4, or the Norton FEP product from the company Saint Gobain Performance Plastics with a refractive index n2 equal to approximately 1.34,
- the glass assembly also includes:
- a second light source 4 ′ here a second set of red and green light-emitting diodes aligned on a printed circuit board said second PCB support 4T, source optically coupled to the second wafer 10 ′, the second glazing T guiding the light emitted by these diodes 4 ′, preferably distant (spaced here) by at most 1 mm from the second section, preferably centered on the second section and with a width less than the thickness of the second glazing T,
- the first light source 4 is therefore dynamically controlled to emit at the instant t0 via a first series of diodes 4 a first main radiation at a first wavelength called l1 and possibly, in dynamic mode, at the instant t '1t0 via a second series of diodes 4 a second main radiation at a second wavelength called l2 distinct from l1.
- the second light source 4 ′ is therefore dynamically controlled to emit at the instant t0 via a third series of diodes 4 ′ a third main radiation at a third wavelength called l3 distinct from l1 and preferably in dynamic mode , at instant t'1t0 via a fourth series of diodes 4 'a fourth main radiation at a fourth wavelength called l4 distinct from l3.
- the first source 4 emits in the green with l1 in a range going from 515nm to 535nm and of spectral width at half height of less than 50nm (and the extracted light C1 is green defined by a first main extracted radiation at l1 'substantially equal to l1, distinct from at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm),
- the first source emits in the red with l2 in a range going from 615nm to 635nm and of spectral width at half height of less than 30nm (and the extracted light C2 is red defined by a second main extracted radiation at l1 'substantially equal at l1, distinct at most 10nm or at most 5nm and with a half-height spectral width of less than 30nm)
- the wings 71 ’and 73’ are fixed by a transparent double-sided adhesive 6 ’to the first and second outer faces 11, 14.
- first and / or the second diffusing layer 2, 2 ’ are on the outer faces 11, 14.
- the insulating film is replaced by a thin glass and a porous sol-gel layer.
- FIG. 3c represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300c comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention.
- the light area can only be seen on one side. It can be a light signal (pictogram etc).
- FIG. 3d represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 300d comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by a slice in an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4a represents a schematic sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 400a comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal section which is the wall of a closed hole passing through in an embodiment of the invention.
- the laminated glazing 400a comprises a first sheet 1, bonded via a laminating intermediate 6’ to a second glass sheet 1 ’.
- the peripheral sections are not shown.
- the second glass sheet 1 is on the outside.
- a through hole 15 has been drilled through the second sheet 1 ', the laminating interlayer 6' and the first sheet 1, creating in the latter an internal slice 16.
- the through hole in the second sheet is obstructed by an element d opaque obstruction 75 flush with the face 14.
- the through hole 15 of the first sheet 1 are housed LEDs 4 with their emitting face facing the internal edge 16 (front emitting diodes).
- the LEDs 4 are supported by a removable opaque cover 9, fixed via clips 16 ′ to the face 1 1.
- the diffusing layer of transparent enamel 2 is located in the immediate vicinity of the internal edge 16.
- An opaque masking enamel 17 on the face 13 is provided to prevent the direct emission of light by the LEDs 4 here towards the outside of the building.
- the through hole has been drilled only in the first sheet and the lamination interlayer, while the second sheet 1 ’is not drilled.
- An opaque black enamel can play the role of masking towards the outside. On this enamel is fixed the LEDs arranged so that their emitting faces are facing the internal edge of the through hole.
- the hole is preferably through and obstructed.
- the glazing can be a partition, etc., can be integrated into a multiple glazing (double or triple).
- FIG. 4b represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing (for example) laminated glass 400b comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed through hole in another embodiment of the invention, variant of the previous one. It differs from the previous 400a in that the through hole 15 here extends only through the first sheet 1. The second sheet 2 and the lamination interlayer 3 are then not drilled.
- a luminous glazing for example laminated glass 400b comprising an enameled glazing illuminated by an internal edge which is the wall of a closed through hole in another embodiment of the invention, variant of the previous one. It differs from the previous 400a in that the through hole 15 here extends only through the first sheet 1. The second sheet 2 and the lamination interlayer 3 are then not drilled.
- the inorganic light-emitting diodes 4 are side-emitting LEDs have an emission surface in a main emission direction substantially orthogonal to the emission surface.
- Diodes with side emission have the advantage of having a smaller footprint than diodes with front emission.
- the front emission diodes are more powerful and less expensive than the side emission diodes.
- the support 41 comprises a main front face carrying the diodes and an opposite rear main face, for example glued to the interlayer 6 'with an adhesive 9.
- the mounting support has a thickness preferably less than 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably less than 200 ⁇ m .
- the glazing 400b also includes a guide element 90 for the light emitted by the diodes 4.
- the guide element 90 is configured to inject the light from the diodes 4 into the first sheet 1 via the internal wall 16 formed by the through hole 15
- the guide element 90 comprises an inlet face 91 and an outlet face 92 as well as a body delimited by the inlet face 91, the outlet face 92 and external walls.
- the diodes 4 are arranged so that their emitting surface is opposite, and close to, the input face 91 of the guide element 90, spaced apart or in contact.
- the emitting surface of each diode 4 and the input face 91 of the guide element 90 are spaced at most 1 mm, preferably at most 5 mm, spaced or even in contact, for example in optical contact (by glue) or physical contact.
- the arrows indicate the direction of propagation of the light emitted by the diodes.
- the arrow from the emitting surface of a diode 4 also symbolizes the main direction of emission of this diode.
- the light injected through the internal wall 16 is guided by the first sheet 1 to the diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel, on the face 11 or in variant 12.
- FIG. 5a represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous glazing which is an insulating glazing in a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- first glazing comprising the external face A and a first section formed by four edges including a first longitudinal edge
- first glazing here simple comprising a first glass sheet 1 having a first main face 1 1 and a second main face 12, the first face therefore being the external face, for example a sheet of silico-soda-lime and extraclear glass, of thickness equal to at least 3.8mm (4mm or 6mm standard),
- a second glazing unit comprising the internal face 12 ′ and a second section formed by four edges including a second longitudinal edge, here second glazing unit comprising a second glass sheet 1 ′, the faces 11 ′ and 12 being spaced apart by a first strip of gas (air or argon),
- the diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel is on the second face 12 or alternatively on the face 1 1 which may have an anti-reflective layer (under the diffusing layer if necessary).
- the second glazing 1 ’ has a first thermal function layer 18, on the third face 12’.
- FIG. 5b represents a schematic view of a refrigerated cabinet 1000 with a light door of the refrigerated cabinet, for example of the type already described in FIG. 5a but with diodes on two opposite sides of the insulating glazing.
- This refrigerated cabinet is here a cabinet comprising shelves 101 (in dotted lines) and two doors each comprising a laminated glazing and light insulator comprising a first external main face on the user side (visible here) second internal main face (shelf side) and a section with four edges.
- the longitudinal edges of the wafer are vertical.
- the framing profile is a frame attached to the periphery of the rectangular insulating glazing.
- the frame has four uprights butted at the corners of the insulating glass.
- the two longitudinal uprights 7a and 7b are identical and vertical.
- Two lateral uprights 7c and 7d are horizontal.
- the first and second 4.4 ’light sources are respectively in the interior volume of the first longitudinal post 7a and in the interior volume of the second longitudinal post 7b.
- Each door can be opened outwards thanks to a pivot 7p on the upper and lower uprights 7c, 7d.
- FIG. 6a represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular which is the interior glazing.
- the transparent enamel diffusing layer 2 is on the internal face of the interior glazing. This allows layer 2 to be protected from attacks that the glazing may undergo, or alternatively on the outer face 1 1.
- the frame 7 is used to house the light source 4
- chassis and the spacer are only one and the same piece. To this end, at least one accommodation is provided.
- an external power supply can be provided, that is to say a connection to the local electrical network, or an internal power supply, that is to say a source of electrical energy in said glazing such as for example a solar panel.
- This housing can be closed by a transparent or pierced cover to allow said sensor to be hidden while being fully operational.
- the sensor is chosen from a non-exhaustive list of sensors, including temperature, light, humidity, CO or C02 type gas, etc. These sensors measure the following elements: Light, Colors, Level, Position, Pressure, Sound, Temperature, Angle, Magnetic field, Flow, Displacement, Distance, Force, Inertials, Stress, Current, Particles.
- This sensor module 21 communicates with a calculation module 22 arranged to receive the data from the sensor module 21 and analyze it. This analysis makes it possible to generate at least one control signal to be sent to the source 4.
- Two independent light sources 4, 4 ′ can be provided allowing differentiated lighting of different diffusing layers 2 of distinct shapes 5, 5 ′ as visible in FIGS. 6b 6c or 6d. These independent light sources 4, 4 ′ can be arranged in a common structure.
- This variant with several diffusing layers 2, 2 ’advantageously makes it possible to display different information for the same sensor 21 but this also makes it possible to have different information, each linked to a sensor 21.
- a layer 2 could indicate that it is too cold outside while another layer 2 could indicate that it is too hot.
- a first layer 2 is a pictogram (thermometer) which makes it possible to display information related to the temperature via a temperature sensor while a second layer 2 'is a pictogram (house) which displays information related to air quality via a C02 sensor.
- the exterior face 12 ’of the window may include an anti-condensation layer 18’.
- the side 1 1 ’(and even 12) may have a silver coating 18.
- the side 11 may have a functional layer (anti-reflective etc).
- FIG. 6e represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing 600e, of the double glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention.
- the exterior glazing comprises a second diffusing layer 2 ’on the internal face 1 1’ and is illuminated by a second light source 4 ’.
- the patterns can be face to face and form a more complex and / or multi-color pattern as shown in Figures 6f and 6g.
- the exterior face 12 ’of the window may include an anti-condensation layer 18’.
- FIG. 6h represents a schematic sectional view of an insulating glazing of the triple glazing type, in particular a window, with two luminous glazing in an embodiment of the invention, in particular the exterior glazing.
- the second diffusing layer 2 ′ is on this glazing 1 a and the second source is moved accordingly.
- Such an apparatus comprises an enclosure 35 delimited by five walls: a bottom 33, two side walls, a high wall 34 called the roof and a low wall 31, called the floor.
- a sixth side is left open in order to have access to said enclosure.
- a door 700 is installed to allow enclosure 35 to be closed. This door 700 is mounted on hinges so as to be pivotable.
- the oven further includes a control unit.
- exterior glass or facade glass is conventionally provided with a strip formed of a layer of black enamel on a peripheral zone (for example forming a frame).
- This strip is preferably arranged on the cavity face of the outer sheet or on the outer face.
- Figure 7b is a schematic sectional view of the door of Figure 7a, with three sheets of glass.
- This oven door 700 comprises an outer glass sheet 1 ', that is to say it is the front glass sheet of the oven door and an inner glass sheet 1, that is to say -to say that it is the sheet of glass which closes, defines the enclosure 35, sheets connected to their edge by a frame 7 delimiting between them an internal space 19.
- This frame 7 serving as a frame for the oven door .
- the internal sheet 1 is in contact with the atmosphere of the enclosure 35.
- the frame 7 is the element on which the hinges are fixed to mount the oven door 40 to the walls forming the enclosure
- exterior glass or facade glass is provided with a strip formed by a layer of black enamel on a peripheral zone (in particular forming a frame).
- This strip 17 is preferably arranged on the cavity face 11 'of the outer sheet 1'.
- the intermediate glass plate is mounted in the cavity of the door 700, for example, by means of supports such as vertical and / or longitudinal rails.
- the oven door is provided with an interactive light device for displaying at least one item of information on this plate 1 a.
- This information is generated by the electronics of the oven, that is to say the control unit of the oven and can be linked to a sensor, for example of temperature.
- Figure 7c is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b.
- Figure 7d is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 7b in a variant.
- the diffusing layer 2 according to the invention is produced, and this is a pattern representative of information to be displayed.
- This layer 2 is transparent when it is not illuminated. This configuration does not interfere with the user when the information represented by said layer should not be communicated.
- the interactive light device therefore also comprises at least one electrically controllable light source 4 or a plurality of light sources 4 cooperating together.
- These light sources 4 use LED technology or fluorescent tube or discharge or laser bulb technology.
- the light source 4 is a light-emitting diode arranged on a PCB (printed circuit board or printed circuit) or on a flexible strip.
- the light source 4 is then arranged to generate a light beam towards said layer 2 so that it diffuses it making the information represented by said layer 2 visible.
- the light source 4 is arranged so that the beam is directed towards the edge of the first sheet of intermediate glass 1a. Provision may be made for the light source 4 to extend over the entire perimeter of the first intermediate glass sheet 1a.
- the intermediate glass plate 1a is disposed in the cavity 19 of the door so that the plane in which it extends is parallel to the plane of the glass sheets 42 constituting said oven door 700.
- the first glass sheet intermediate 1a is placed so that the layer 2 is opposite the outer glass sheet 1 ′ making it possible to make the layer 2 more visible once lit.
- the layer 2 may be arranged on the surface of the intermediate glass sheet 1a opposite the outer glass sheet T or the inner glass sheet 1.
- the light source 4 is arranged in at least one housing produced in the frame 7 forming the frame for the oven door or in the vertical and / or longitudinal rails fixed to the frames allowing the mounting of the intermediate glass plate 102.
- This light source 4 is supplied with energy by a wired connection with the electronic circuit, the oven control unit.
- This wired connection also makes it possible to send control signals from the oven control unit for controlling the light source 4.
- the first intermediate glass sheet 1 ′ carries at least two layers 2,2 ′, each layer being associated with a light source 4, 4 ′.
- each light source 4,4 ' is configured to generate a light beam of a different color. This advantageously makes it possible to distinguish the different information.
- the oven door can alternatively be two sheets of silica-calcium glass.
- the diffusing layer is placed on the cavity glass sheet (and the light source is moved accordingly.
- the oven door 800 and 900 comprises, in its cavity 19, at least two sheets of intermediate glass 1a, 1b.
- the first intermediate glass sheet 1a and the second intermediate glass sheet 1b are arranged to be parallel to each other.
- the diffusing layer 2’ in transparent enamel in the form of patterns may indicate that the door is too hot.
- each intermediate glass sheet 1a, 1b carries a diffusing layer of transparent enamel according to the invention 2, 2 ’with porosities 3, 3’ and is associated with a light source 4, 4 ’like diodes.
- each light source 4, 4 ’ is configured to generate a light beam of a different color. This advantageously makes it possible to distinguish the different information.
- the first diffusing layer 2 in transparent enamel in the form of patterns can indicate that the temperature rise is in progress and the second diffusing layer 2 ′ in transparent enamel in the form of patterns can indicate that the desired temperature is reached.
- the second intermediate glass sheet 1b carries several layers 2 and that each layer is associated with a light source 4.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1857014A FR3084353B1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | ENAMELLED SUBSTRATE, ILLUMINATED GLASS DEVICE WITH SUCH SUBSTRATE AND ITS MANUFACTURE. |
PCT/EP2019/069500 WO2020020773A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-19 | Enamelled substrate, illuminated glazed device comprising such a substrate, and production thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3830046A1 true EP3830046A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
Family
ID=65031524
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19739664.1A Pending EP3830046A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-19 | Enamelled substrate, illuminated glazed device comprising such a substrate, and production thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3830046A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3084353B1 (en) |
MA (1) | MA53312A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2021000713A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020020773A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112374765A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 合肥鼎中智能科技有限公司 | Device for assisting production of vacuum coated glass |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2183106T5 (en) | 1996-11-26 | 2016-09-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Use of a laminated glazing for the damping of vibrations of solid origin in a vehicle |
FR2779839B1 (en) | 1998-06-10 | 2003-06-06 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE OPTICAL PROPERTIES |
DE10105200A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-14 | Saint Gobain | Method and device for bending glass sheets in pairs |
FR2844364B1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2004-12-17 | Saint Gobain | DIFFUSING SUBSTRATE |
FR2880343B1 (en) | 2004-12-31 | 2007-06-22 | Saint Gobain | PROCESS FOR BOMBING GLASS SHEETS BY SUCTION |
DE102006024484B3 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2007-07-19 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for heating or bending glass panes has furnace section with controllable heating elements to form heating zones matching dimensions of glass panes passing through in transport moulds on transport carriage |
FR2908406B1 (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2012-08-24 | Saint Gobain | POROUS LAYER, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF |
FR2945985B1 (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2011-05-20 | Saint Gobain | GLAZING WITH LOW LEVEL OF DOUBLE IMAGE. |
FR2963343B1 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | Saint Gobain | GLAZING WITH COATING AGAINST CONDENSATION |
EP2412521B1 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2013-08-21 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Illuminated radiator |
FR2964100B1 (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2015-10-16 | Saint Gobain | METHOD FOR SELECTING AN INTERCALAR FOR VIBRO-ACOUSTIC, INTERCALAR AND GLAZING AMORTIZATION COMPRISING SUCH AN INTERCALAR |
JPWO2013054820A1 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2015-03-30 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass for scattering layer of organic LED element, laminated substrate for organic LED element and manufacturing method thereof, and organic LED element and manufacturing method thereof |
FR2986186B1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2014-09-05 | Saint Gobain | LIGHTING GLAZING FOR VEHICLE |
FR2987618B1 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2014-02-28 | Saint Gobain | ANTICONDENSATION GLAZING |
FR2990948B1 (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2019-08-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | VISCOELASTIC PLASTIC INTERIOR FOR VIBRO-ACOUSTIC DAMPING AND GLAZING COMPRISING SUCH AN INTERCALAR |
CN102785555B (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-05 | 法国圣戈班玻璃公司 | Skylight glass, lighting apparatus for vehicle and room light method |
FR3002528B1 (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2015-10-09 | Saint Gobain | WINDOW ORIFICE REINFORCEMENT |
FR3010074B1 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2019-08-02 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MATERIAL COMPRISING A SUBSTRATE HAVING A FUNCTIONAL LAYER BASED ON TIN OXIDE AND INDIUM |
FR3013631B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2017-04-28 | Saint Gobain | VISCOELASTIC PLASTIC INTERIOR FOR VIBRO-ACOUSTIC DAMPING AND GLAZING COMPRISING SUCH AN INTERCALAR |
FR3015926B1 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-03-24 | Saint Gobain | LUMINOUS GLAZING WITH OPTICAL ISOLATOR |
FR3017468B1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2016-02-19 | Saint Gobain | LUMINOUS GLASS ASSEMBLY. |
FR3021093B1 (en) | 2014-05-13 | 2020-07-17 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | BRIGHT GLASS ASSEMBLY, DOOR AND REFRIGERATED FURNITURE WITH THIS ASSEMBLY AND MANUFACTURE. |
FR3023213B1 (en) | 2014-07-03 | 2016-07-29 | Saint Gobain | LUMINOUS GLASS ASSEMBLY. |
WO2016102401A1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-30 | Agc Glass Europe | Translucent conductive substrate for an organic light emitting device and method for its production |
FR3046431B1 (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2018-12-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | SPACER FOR INSULATING GLAZING |
FR3047239B1 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-11-15 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | SHOWER, BATHTUB OR BATHTUB SHIELD |
FR3048861B1 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2018-07-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | INSULATING GLAZING WITH GLASS SPACER, ESPECIALLY FOR CLIMATE FURNITURE |
-
2018
- 2018-07-27 FR FR1857014A patent/FR3084353B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-19 EP EP19739664.1A patent/EP3830046A1/en active Pending
- 2019-07-19 MX MX2021000713A patent/MX2021000713A/en unknown
- 2019-07-19 WO PCT/EP2019/069500 patent/WO2020020773A1/en unknown
- 2019-07-19 MA MA053312A patent/MA53312A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020020773A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
MA53312A (en) | 2021-11-03 |
MX2021000713A (en) | 2021-03-25 |
FR3084353B1 (en) | 2023-03-24 |
FR3084353A1 (en) | 2020-01-31 |
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