FR3077334A1 - VENTILATION DEVICE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation device for generating a flow of air towards at least one motor vehicle heat exchanger, comprising at least one ventilation element (2, 2 ''), each ventilation element ( 2, 2 ') comprising a ventilation surface (s, s'), said elementary surface, provided with tubes (3, 3 '), each tube (3, 3') being provided with at least one ejection opening (10) an air flow (F) distinct from its ends (6, 7), a ventilation surface (S) of the ventilation device (1) being formed by all the elementary surfaces, and said surface overall, the ventilation device (1) being configured so that the overall surface does not extend planar.

Description

The subject of the invention is a ventilation device for a motor vehicle.

The invention relates to the automotive field, and more particularly to the field of air circulation for cooling the engine and its equipment.

Motor vehicles, whether combustion or electric, need to evacuate the calories generated by their operation and are therefore equipped with heat exchangers. A motor vehicle heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to circulate, in particular a liquid such as water, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes, often designated by the term " fins >> or "spacers". The fins increase the exchange surface between the tubes and the ambient air.

However, in order to further increase the heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the ambient air, it is frequent that a ventilation device is used in addition, to generate or increase a flow of air directed towards the tubes and the fins.

Such a ventilation device most often comprises a propeller fan, which has several drawbacks.

First, the assembly formed by the propeller fan and its motorization system occupies a large volume.

In addition, the distribution of air ventilated by the propeller, often placed in the center of the row of tubes, is not uniform over the entire surface of the heat exchanger. In particular, certain regions of the heat exchanger, such as the ends of the heat transfer tubes and the corners of the heat exchanger, are not or only slightly affected by the air flow ejected by the propeller.

Furthermore, when it is not necessary to start up the ventilation device, in particular when the exchange of heat with the ambient air is sufficient to cool the heat transfer fluid, the blades of the propeller obstruct or "mask" the part the flow of ambient air to the tubes and the fins. This limits the heat exchange between the ambient air, on the one hand, and the tubes and fins, on the other.

Another disadvantage is that, when the outside temperature is low or even negative, the propeller fan blows cold air on the heat exchanger, which has the effect of slowing the temperature rise of the vehicle engine.

In addition, in this case, the friction of the engine is reduced less quickly, which increases the consumption of the vehicle and therefore the emission of carbon dioxide.

An object of the invention is to provide a ventilation device for heat exchanger which does not have at least some of the drawbacks of ventilation devices for known heat exchanger.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a ventilation device intended to generate an air flow towards at least one heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one ventilation element, each ventilation element comprising a ventilation surface, called elementary surface, provided with tubes, each tube being provided with at least one air flow ejection opening distinct from its ends, a ventilation surface of the ventilation device being formed by the together of the elementary surfaces, and said overall surface, the ventilation device being configured so that the overall surface does not extend in a planar manner.

In this sense, the overall surface includes at least two distinct portions which are non-coplanar, that is to say which do not form part of the same plane.

Thus, advantageously, the plurality of tubes from which air is ejected makes it possible to replace the conventional propeller placed in front of the circulation tubes of a heat-transfer fluid from the heat exchanger, without having the drawbacks mentioned above.

Indeed, for equal heat exchange capacities, the volume occupied by such a ventilation device is much less than a propeller ventilation device. In addition, the distribution of air ventilated by the tubes is easier to control and can be made more homogeneous.

In addition, thanks to the device according to the invention, the obstruction of the flow of air to the heat exchanger is limited. In fact, the tubes of the ventilation device can advantageously be arranged facing zones of weak heat exchange of the heat exchanger, called "dead zones", such as the front faces of the tubes through which the heat transfer fluid passes, which does not are not in contact with cooling fins. This is not possible with a conventional propeller.

Furthermore, the invention makes it possible to offset the air ejection means supplying the tubes of the ventilation device with air flow, at a distance from the row of tubes for circulation of heat-transfer fluid, which offers more freedom in the design of the heat exchanger.

In addition, the ventilation device according to the present invention makes it possible to be adapted to several heat exchangers while ensuring greater compactness.

In addition, the ventilation device according to the present invention is particularly suitable for an application for an electric vehicle with very rapid charging mode of the electric battery.

Indeed, this very fast charging mode involves very large electrical powers (more than 300kW) and a very large heat peak (more than 10kW) is generated at the battery.

This heat peak must be evacuated in particular thanks to the front panel heat exchangers, even when the vehicle is stationary.

This problem involves in-depth review of the front face, and having to increase the exchange surfaces, which advantageously allows the ventilation device according to the present invention.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises at least two ventilation elements juxtaposed so that the overall surface does not extend planarly.

According to another characteristic of the invention, two ventilation elements are juxtaposed, the associated elementary surfaces forming an acute angle, so that the ventilation device has an orientation in the general shape of a V.

According to another characteristic of the invention, three ventilation elements are juxtaposed, the associated elementary surfaces forming an obtuse angle two by two, so that the ventilation device has an orientation in the general shape of U.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a plurality of ventilation elements juxtaposed between a first extremal element and a second extremal element, the ventilation device comprising an air manifold associated with each of the first and second extremal elements , any other element having no collector.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises at least one partition wall for two ventilation elements.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a plurality of ventilation elements juxtaposed between a first extremal element and a second extremal element, the ventilation device comprising an air manifold respectively associated with each of the ventilation elements.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises at least one turbomachine fluidly connected to at least two of the air collectors.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the overall surface has a generally curved shape.

According to another characteristic of the invention, each tube has a section comprising a leading edge, a trailing edge, opposite the leading edge, a first and a second profile, each extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge, said at least one opening of the tube being on one of the first and second profiles, said at least one opening being configured so that a flow of air leaving the opening flows along at least a portion of said one of the first and second profiles.

According to another characteristic of the invention, at least one of the tubes is pivotally mounted.

Therefore, the ventilation device according to the present invention provides a function for shutting off the air inlet as well as a function for ventilating the exchangers in a compact space allowing better thermal management of a motor vehicle, since grid is blowing.

Depending on the orientation of the tubes, the device makes it possible to adjust the air flow which arrives at the heat exchanger, thereby optimizing thermal management.

The invention also relates to a heat exchange module for a motor vehicle, comprising a ventilation device as described above, and a set of at least one heat exchanger, the module being configured so that a flow of air set in motion by the ventilation device supplies air to all the heat exchangers.

According to another characteristic of the invention, each ventilation element is arranged opposite a heat exchanger of all the heat exchangers.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows. This is purely illustrative and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

- Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a heat exchange module equipped with a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

- Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of a heat exchange module equipped with a ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in a second variant;

- Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of a heat exchange module equipped with a ventilation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

- Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of a heat exchange module equipped with a ventilation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention; and

- Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of two tubes of Figure 1.

Ventilation device

The subject of the invention is a ventilation device 1 for a motor vehicle.

The ventilation device is intended to generate an air flow in an air exchange module 101, as will be detailed later.

As can be seen in the figures, the ventilation device 1 comprises at least one ventilation element 2.

Each ventilation element 2 comprises a plurality of tubes 3.

The tubes are advantageously made of plastic material, or doped plastic, or metallic material.

Preferably, the tubes 3 are substantially rectilinear, mutually parallel and aligned so as to form one or more rows of tubes.

The set of tubes 3 constitutes a blowing grid.

Each tube 3 is provided with at least one ejection opening 10 for an air flow F distinct from its ends 6, 7.

Each blowing grid has a surface, called elementary surface, s, delimited by a plane comprising the tubes 3.

A ventilation surface S of the ventilation device 1 is defined as the set of elementary surfaces s.

As shown in the figures, the ventilation device is configured so that the overall surface does not extend planarly. In this sense, the global surface comprises at least two distinct portions which are noncoplanar, that is to say which do not form part of the same plane.

Such a configuration ensures that the ventilation device is suitable for any type of front face of a motor vehicle.

First embodiment

According to the first embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ventilation device 1 comprises a plurality of ventilation elements 2.

The ventilation elements 2 are juxtaposed and form two by two non-harmful angles, so that, as already indicated, the overall surface S is not planar.

Figure 1

According to the first variant illustrated in FIG. 1, the ventilation device 1 comprises first and second ventilation elements 2, 2 ’separated by a partition 10.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the associated elementary surfaces s and form an acute angle, so that the ventilation device has an orientation in the general shape of a V.

Advantageously, each ventilation element 2 is arranged opposite a separate heat exchanger 100, 100 ’.

Thus, each ventilation element 2 has parameters (blowing power, dimensions of the tubes 3, density of the tubes 3) suitable for the associated heat exchanger 100, 100 ’while ensuring optimal compactness of the ventilation device 1.

The ventilation device 1 also comprises a device for supplying air with an air flow F.

This device feeds the ventilation tubes 3 via an air supply circuit.

The air supply circuit comprises in particular a first air intake manifold 5 associated with the first ventilation element 2 and a second air intake manifold 5 ’associated with the second ventilation element 2’.

Each manifold 5.5 ’is connected to the ventilation tubes 3 of the element 2, 2’ associated by means of air supply inlets located at one 6, 6 ’of their ends.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the two collectors 5 extend parallel to each other, orthogonally to the tubes 3.

A turbomachine 11, positioned at the head of the manifold 5, 5 ’, allows the air movement towards the manifold 5, 5’.

The partition wall 10 is arranged orthogonally to the tubes 3.

The wall 10 is integral with the two separation elements 2, 2 'at the end 7, 7' opposite the ends 6, 6 '.

Thus, the wall 10 forms an intersection of the two ventilation elements 2, 2 ’.

The wall 10 stiffens the ventilation device 1.

According to the variant of FIG. 1, the tubes 3 of the elements 2, 2 ’are aligned.

Figure 2

According to the second variant illustrated in FIG. 2, the ventilation device 1 comprises a first, a second and a third ventilation elements 2, 2 ’, 2” juxtaposed.

The third element 2 ”is arranged between the first and second ventilation elements 2, 2’.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the associated elementary surfaces s and s ", and s", s ’respectively, form an obtuse angle in pairs, so that the ventilation device has an orientation in the general shape of a U.

Advantageously, each ventilation element 2 is arranged opposite a separate heat exchanger 100, 100 ’, 100”.

Thus, each ventilation element 2 has parameters (blowing power, dimensions of the tubes 3, density of the tubes 3) suitable for the associated heat exchanger 100, 100 ', 100 ”while ensuring optimal compactness of the ventilation device. 1.

The ventilation device 1 also comprises a device for supplying air with an air flow F.

This device feeds the ventilation tubes 3 via an air supply circuit.

The air supply circuit comprises in particular a first air intake manifold 5 associated with the first ventilation element 2 and a second air intake manifold 5 ’associated with the second ventilation element 2’.

Each manifold 5.5 ’is connected to the ventilation tubes 3 of the element 2, 2’ associated by means of air supply inlets located at one 6, 6 ’of their ends.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the two manifolds 5 extend parallel to each other, orthogonally to the tubes 3.

A turbomachine 11, positioned at the head of the manifold 5, 5 ’, allows the air movement towards the manifold 5, 5’.

As shown in Figure 2, the third element 2 ”has no manifold.

A partition wall 10 intersects between the first element 2 and the third element 2 ”by being respectively fixed to the ends 6, 7” of the tubes 3, 3 ”.

Another partition wall 10 ′ intersects between the second element 2 ’and the third element 2 ″ by being respectively secured to the ends 6’, 6 ”of the tubes 3’, 3 ”.

The walls 10, 10 'form stiffening ribs for the ventilation device 1.

The third element 2 ”also includes a partition 11 arranged orthogonally to the tubes 3, in the middle of the third element 2”.

The partition 11 divides the third element 2 ”into two equal parts, denoted 2” -1 and 2 ”-2.

The partition 11 makes it possible to make fluidically independent the first element 2 and the first portion 2 ”-1 of the third element 2” on the one hand and the second element 2 'and the third portion 2 ”-2 of the third element 2” of somewhere else.

The partition also stiffens the ventilation device 1.

According to the variant of FIG. 2, the tubes 3 of the elements 2, 2 ’, 2” are aligned.

Second embodiment

According to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the ventilation device 1 comprises first, second and third ventilation elements 2, 2 ’, 2” juxtaposed.

The third element 2 ”is arranged between the first and second ventilation elements 2, 2’.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the associated elementary surfaces s and s ", and s", s ’respectively, form an obtuse angle in pairs, so that the ventilation device has an orientation in the general shape of a U.

Advantageously, each ventilation element 2 is arranged opposite a separate heat exchanger 100, 100 ’, 100”.

Thus, each ventilation element 2 has parameters (blowing power, dimensions of the tubes 3, density of the tubes 3) suitable for the associated heat exchanger 100, 100 ', 100 ”while ensuring optimal compactness of the ventilation device. 1.

According to this embodiment, each ventilation element is fluidly independent of the other ventilation elements.

To do this, each ventilation element 2, 2 ’, 2” is associated with an associated air intake manifold 5, 5 ’, 5”.

The air collectors belong to an air supply device for an air flow F of the ventilation device 1.

This device feeds the ventilation tubes 3 via an air supply circuit.

The air supply circuit includes in particular the air collectors 5, 5 ’and 5”, as well as a conduit 12 for the fluid connection of a turbomachine 11 to the collectors.

Each 5.5 ', 5 ”manifold is connected to the ventilation tubes 3, 3', 3” of the associated element 2, 2 ', 2 ”via air supply inlets located at the one 6, 6 ', 6 ”from their ends.

As shown in Figure 1, the manifolds 5, 5 ’, 5” extend parallel to each other, orthogonally to the tubes.

The turbomachine 11 allows the movement of air to the collectors 5, 5 ’, 5”.

The turbomachine 11 is positioned at a distance from the ventilation elements.

A nozzle 13, 13 ’, 13” connects the conduit 12 respectively to the manifold 5, 5 ’and 5”.

The remote position of the turbomachine makes it possible to place the turbomachine in a suitable location and also makes it possible to pool the operation of the turbomachine for the ventilation elements.

Advantageously, the or possibly the turbomachines 11 are arranged in sound boxes to improve the acoustics, in particular when stationary.

Another advantage lies in the fact of being able to connect one or more additional turbomachines according to options chosen by the client and in particular for rapid charging of the electric battery of the vehicle (for example, the client can have an additional turbomachine to be connected directly to the circuit to ensure a greater air flow on the exchangers).

Third embodiment

According to the third embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 4, the ventilation device 1 comprises a single ventilation element 2.

As shown in Figure 4, the ventilation element 2 has a curved shape, so that the overall surface of the ventilation device 1 is curved.

The ventilation element is concave and delimits an internal space E.

This concave shape allows the ventilation device to house one or more heat exchangers (three in Figure 4).

Other variant

According to another variant illustrated in FIG. 5, compatible with each of the first, second and third embodiments described above, each tube 3 comprises a longitudinal wall 59, a cross section of which includes a free leading edge 51, a trailing edge 55 and a first and a second profile 52, 54, each extending between the leading edge 51 and the trailing edge 55.

The trailing edge 55 is preferably arranged opposite the heat exchanger.

The longitudinal wall 59 is delimited by an internal surface 56 and an external surface 58.

Each opening 10 is made in the longitudinal wall 59 of the tube 3, preferably in one or the other of the profiles 52, 54.

In FIG. 5, each opening 10 is positioned near the leading edge 51.

As also visible in FIG. 5, the openings 10 of the pair of tubes 3 illustrated are made in the profiles 52 facing each other.

Thus, the ventilation tubes 3 and their openings 10 are configured so that the air flow F circulating in the ventilation tubes 3 is ejected through the opening 10 by flowing along each profile 12, substantially up to at their trailing edges 52, by Coanda effect.

The flow of air F ejected from the tubes 3 makes it possible to accelerate another flow F ’in a direction of flow towards the heat exchanger.

It is noted that the cross sections of the tubes 3 are such that the profiles 52 extend in a direction of separation of the tubes 3 from the leading edges 51 to the trailing edges 55.

It should be noted that it is possible to provide at least one of the ventilation tubes 3 which is mounted orientable, preferably pivoting.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. For example, two, three, four, or more ventilation elements can be provided side by side.

It is added that the embodiments are combinable insofar as they are not incompatible.

Exchange module

The invention also relates to a module 101 for heat exchange for a motor vehicle.

The module 101 comprises the ventilation device 1 and a set of at least one heat exchanger, the module being configured so that an air flow set in motion by the ventilation device supplies air to all of the exchangers heat.

According to the first and second embodiments, each ventilation element 2 is associated with one of the heat exchangers.

According to the third embodiment, the ventilation element 2 supplies a group of three heat exchangers.

Claims (13)

1. Ventilation device intended to generate an air flow towards at least one motor vehicle heat exchanger, comprising at least one ventilation element (2, 2 ', 2 ”), each ventilation element (2 , 2 ', 2 ”) comprising a ventilation surface (s, s', s”), called elementary surface, provided with tubes (3, 3 ', 3 ”), each tube (3, 3', 3”) being provided with at least one ejection opening (10) of an air flow (F) distinct from its ends (6, 7), a ventilation surface (S) of the ventilation device (1) being formed by all of the elementary surfaces, and said overall surface, the ventilation device (1) being configured so that the overall surface does not extend planarly. 2. Ventilation device according to claim 1, comprising at least two ventilation elements (2, 2 ’, 2”) juxtaposed so that the overall surface does not extend planarly. 3. Ventilation device according to the preceding claim, in which two ventilation elements (2, 2 ', 2 ”) are juxtaposed, the elementary surfaces (s, s') associated forming an acute angle, so that the ventilation device (1) has an orientation in a general V shape. 4. Ventilation device according to claim 2, in which three ventilation elements (2, 2 ′, 2 ”) are juxtaposed, the associated elementary surfaces forming an obtuse angle in pairs, so that the ventilation device (1) has a general U-shaped orientation. 5. Ventilation device according to one of claims 2 to 4, comprising a plurality of ventilation elements juxtaposed between a first extremal element (2) and a second extremal element (2 '), the ventilation device (1) comprising an air collector (5, 5 ') associated with each of the first and second end elements (2, 2'), any other element (2 ”) being devoid of collector. 6. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one partition wall (10, 10 ’) of two ventilation elements. 7. Ventilation device according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed ventilation elements (2, 2 ', 2 ”) between a first extremal element (2) and a second extremal element (2') , the ventilation device (1) comprising an air manifold (5, 5 ', 5 ”) respectively associated with each of the ventilation elements (2, 2', 2”). 8. Ventilation device according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one turbomachine fluidly connected to at least two of the air collectors. 9. Ventilation device according to claim 1, in which the overall surface has a generally curved shape. 10. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, in which each tube (3) has a section comprising: - a leading edge (51), - a trailing edge (55), opposite the leading edge (51), - a first and a second profile (52, 54), each extending between the leading edge (51) and the trailing edge (55), said at least one opening (10) of the tube (3) being on one of the first and second profiles (52, 54), said at least one opening (10) being configured so that a flow of air leaving the opening (10) flows along at least a portion of said one of the first and second profiles (52, 54). 11. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one of the tubes (3) is pivotally mounted. 12. Heat exchange module for a motor vehicle, comprising a ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, and a set of at least one heat exchanger, the module being configured so that an air flow set in motion by the ventilation device supplies air to all the heat exchangers. 13. Exchange module according to the preceding claim, wherein each ventilation element is arranged opposite a heat exchanger of all the heat exchangers.