FR3074826A1 - SKELET FOR BUILDING ELEMENT, BUILDING ELEMENT COMPRISING SUCH A SKELETEN AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a skeleton (1) for a construction element, the skeleton comprising a honeycomb structure (2) extending longitudinally along a longitudinal axis (X), said structure comprising section cavities having a normal axis (Y). orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. The invention also relates to a construction element comprising such a skeleton and a method for producing such a construction element.

Description

The invention relates to a skeleton for a building element.

The invention also relates to a building element comprising such a skeleton.

The construction element is for example a work of art (bridge, tunnel, quay, another roadway or a portion of roadway or a joint of roadway and / or work of art.

The invention also relates to a method for producing an associated building element.

The

BACK

TECHNOLOGICAL PLAN OF structures are important dimensions such as quays, dikes ... presenting

THE INVENTION construction of bridges, tunnels, by their dimensions of the cuts at the junction between the various elements constituting them. In order to fill these junctions and thus ensure continuity of the external coating of the structure considered due to the expansion of the different materials used, it is known to arrange seals at said junctions.

Depending on the intended applications, different types of seals can be used.

There are thus known the apparent joints with normal coating comprising a sheet arranged at the void of the joint so as to form a reservoir, reservoir which is filled with a sealant. A standard bitumen then covers the whole.

There are also known visible joints with improved coating comprising a bridging plate arranged so as to cover the vacuum covered with a coating of a mixture of

Such binder and made up have a joint that the joints, said plate being special generally aggregates.

visible joints with coating capacity of breath which is more improved important apparent with normal coating (it is recalled that a "breath" of a joint corresponds to the variation of dimensions which the joint can take relative to its initial position at the time of its installation for example when the joint is expanded, from the blast one can therefore estimate the maximum relative displacement authorized between two elements which the joint connects so that the joint can fulfill its function of continuity between said two elements).

However, the available breath remains limited even with visible joints with improved coating.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to propose a solution

allowing to a building element of present of best properties especially in terms of resistance at 1'usure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With a view to achieving this goal , We propose a

skeleton for a building element, the skeleton comprising a honeycomb structure extending longitudinally along a longitudinal axis, said structure comprising cells of polygonal section having for normal an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis.

In this way, the cells allow the skeleton to be able to more easily accompany the deformation of the building element due for example to the expansion of the materials constituting it. Thus the invention makes it easier to withstand deformations of a building element in which the skeleton is arranged.

Advantageously, the skeleton, and thereby

The associated construction element has a relatively high rigidity along the axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis due to the particular arrangement of the cells.

This makes it possible to have a construction element that is more resistant, for example to the passage of vehicles traveling on said construction element. This also makes it possible to limit the creep and the rutting of said element.

The invention therefore makes it possible to have a construction element having good properties, in particular mechanical properties.

In particular, at least two cells have sections of different shapes.

In particular, the structure is made of rubber.

In particular, the structure comprises at least two rows of cells.

Of particular way, at less a cell a a section < in hexagon. Of particular way, 1 ' socket at a section in hexagon irregular. Of particular way, 1 ' socket at a section in hexagon flattened. Of particular way, at less two cells are separated by another alveolus e of form different of

those of said two cells.

In particular, the structure comprises at least one arm extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of said structure.

In particular, the skeleton comprises at least one reinforcing element of the structure.

The invention also relates to a building element comprising a skeleton as mentioned above.

Thanks to the skeleton, a better homogeneity of the coating of the construction element is ensured over time and the seasons.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a construction element comprising the following steps:

- place the skeleton in a reservation for the building element,

- fill the reservation with a filling material.

In particular, the filling material includes aggregates coated with bitumen.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of a particular non-limiting embodiment of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be better understood in the light of the description which follows with reference to the appended figures which include:

- Figure 1 East a λ me in three dimensions of a skeleton according to a fashion of production particular of 1'invention, - the figures 2a at 2d illustrate the different

steps for making a joint comprising the skeleton illustrated in Figure 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT

PARTICULAR OF THE INVENTION

With reference to FIG. 1, a skeleton according to a particular embodiment of the invention will now be described. As we will see below, the skeleton is used here in a joint of a structure such as a bridge, a tunnel, a quay, a dike ...

The skeleton, generally designated at 1, comprises an alveolar structure 2.

Structure 2 is made of an elastically deformable material. Preferably, said structure 2 is made of natural rubber or of synthetic rubber. Said structure 2 is for example made of vulcanized rubber.

The structure 2 extends longitudinally along a longitudinal axis X. Said structure 2 comprises cells 3 (only one of which is referenced here) of section having for normal a second axis Y perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X.

In particular, the structure 2 comprises at least two rows of cells 3, the rows being parallel to each other and to the longitudinal axis X. Each row thus comprises a succession, along the longitudinal axis X, of cells 3.

Here, structure 2 has two rows of cells

3. According to a particular embodiment, the two rows are identical to each other. Typically, each row has a first type of cell 3 and a second type of cell 4.

The first cells 3 are typically of polygonal sections (section having for normal the second axis Y). The first cells 3 are all identical to each other here even between two different rows. The first cells 3 have for example a section (having for normal the second axis Y) in the shape of an irregular hexagon.

The first cells 3 thus have here two opposite faces of greater length than those of the other four faces. Said faces of greater length extend parallel to the longitudinal axis X. The other four faces are of identical length.

The first cells 3 are thus substantially shaped as flat hexagonal prisms along a third axis Z, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X and to the second axis Y.

There is thus a relatively rigid structure along the second Y axis while being relatively deformable in a normal plane said second Y axis. The structure turns out to be more particularly deformable along the third Z axis.

In particular, the first cells 3 of the same row are not contiguous. The first cells 3 of the same row are thus separated from each other by the same distance (along the longitudinal axis X).

The structure 2 thus has between two cells 3 of the same row, a cell 4 of the second type (of which only one is referenced here) which is here substantially in the form of an hourglass. The different second cells are all identical to each other here even between two different rows.

According to a particular embodiment, each first cell 3 of the third axis Z) with a respective first cell 3 of the second row, and correspondingly each second cell 4 of the first row is aligned (along the third axis Z) with a second respective cell 4 of the second row.

Of course, depending on the length of skeleton necessary according to the intended application, the first cells 3 and / or the second cells 4 of the ends of the skeleton 1 (along the longitudinal axis X) may be whole or be cut.

In particular, the rows of the first cells 3 are bordered externally by a first longitudinal arm 5 and a second longitudinal arm 6 of the structure 2, the first arm 5 and the second arm 6 both extending parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

These two arms 6, 7 make it possible to stiffen the structure 2 along the longitudinal axis X while allowing transverse deformation along the third axis Z of the skeleton 1.

According to a particular embodiment, the structure also includes a longitudinal central arm 7 separating the two rows of cells. Said central arm 7 is here parallel to the two arms 5, 6 and extends along the longitudinal axis X.

This allows the skeleton 1 to be made even more rigid.

It is noted that in the present case, the different arms form faces of the cells 3, 4 (in the present case the two faces of the first cells 3 of the greatest length).

The central arm 7 and the two arms 5, 6 constitute the thickest parts of the structure 2.

The rest of the structure 2 has the same thickness less than that of the arms 5, 6, 7.

Said thickness of the rest of the structure 2 is between 20 and 100 millimeters and preferably between 50 and 70 millimeters. For example, said thickness is substantially 60 millimeters.

The thickness of the arms 5, 6, 7 is here at least greater than 60 millimeters.

Preferably, the skeleton 1 comprises at least one reinforcing element of the structure 2.

Preferably, the reinforcing element or elements extend parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

This makes it possible to stiffen the skeleton 1 along the longitudinal axis X while allowing transverse deformation along the third axis Z of the skeleton 1.

The reinforcing element or elements are made of metal and for example steel.

Typically the skeleton 1 comprises one or more reinforcing elements completely included in the structure 2.

For example, each reinforcing element is shaped into a bar arranged inside the structure. For example, the skeleton 1 has a first bar extending in the first arm

5, a second bar extending in the second arm and a central bar extending in the central arm 7 being here not visible because included in the arms of the structure 2).

The reinforcing elements are thus advantageously inserted into the thickest parts of the structure 2.

Preferably, the skeleton 1 has openings made in the structure 2 for the passage of means for fixing the skeleton 1 as we will see later.

Said openings are in the form of an orifice and / or a recess.

In particular, the skeleton 1 here comprises only recesses 8 formed in the first arm 5 and the second arm 6 at regular intervals (or not) so that the recesses 8 of the first arm 5 are aligned respectively with one of the recesses of the second arm 6. Typically the skeleton 1 comprises a recess 8 substantially at the center of a face of each cell 3, 4 formed by the arm considered. Each step 8 thus forms a housing in the associated arm. The housings 8 here have a substantially parallelepiped shape.

It will be noted that the means for fixing the skeleton 1 are arranged at the level of the arms 5, 6 of the structure 2, that is to say at the level of the thickest parts of the structure.

With reference to FIGS. 2a to 2d, a method of producing the joint 12 from such a skeleton 1 will now be described.

With reference to FIG. 2a, for a work of art 10 already produced, said work of art 10 is hollowed out above the void of the joint to form a reservation 11.

We then place the skeleton 1 in said reservation 11 above the seal void. Of course, it is dug enough to be able to arrange the skeleton 2 in the reservation 11 without the latter protruding from said reservation 11.

It is noted that the skeleton 1 does not rest here directly on the void of the joint but on a layer of bitumen, concrete, binder ... or any other material such as for example a bridging plate made of metallic material itself to the plumb with the seal void. Preferably, it is preferable not to place the skeleton 1 directly on the bridging plate but on a layer of material (bitumen, concrete, binder, etc.) already covering said bridging.

In this position, the skeleton 1 thus extends transversely to the structure 10. The third axis Z of the skeleton 1 corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the structure 10.

There is thus a relatively rigid structure 2 along the second axis Y while being relatively deformable in particular along the third axis Z.

This makes it possible to reinforce the rigidity of the joint 12 equipped with such a skeleton 1 along the second axis Y while facilitating a deformation of the joint 12 in particular along the third axis Z.

Since the most significant deformation component between two elements of a work of art 10 is generally in the longitudinal direction of said work of art 10, the facilitated deformation of the joint 12 along the third axis Z therefore proves to be particularly significant.

Furthermore, the rigidity of the joint 12 along the second axis Y allows the joint 12 to be more resistant to the passage of vehicles traveling on the structure 10. This also makes it possible to limit the creep and rutting of the joint 12 .

Once placed, the skeleton 1 extends substantially in a horizontal plane and the second axis Y extends substantially vertically.

It is noted that the skeleton 1 is then secured to the reservation there by fixing means such as for example using piles sometimes called crosses C.

Said sticks C typically comprise a rod (threaded or not) extended by a hook: the rods are driven into the work of art 10 beyond the reservation (typically in holes made for this purpose) and the hooks come s '' press the skeleton hooks 1 so as to press the skeleton 1 against the bottom of the reservation. Each hook thus surrounds the associated arm of the skeleton 1. It is possible to seal the rods of the sticks C upon reservation, for example by hydraulic mortar or also by chemical sealing.

In particular, the distance between two sticks C (along the first axis X) can vary along the skeleton 1.

There is thus the skeleton 1 secured at the level of its two arms 5, 6 to respective opposite sides delimiting the joint void.

This makes it possible to secure the skeleton 1 to the structure 10 so that it more easily follows the movements, in particular in spacing, between the two elements delimiting the void in the joint.

Referring to FIG. 2b, the skeleton 1 and the reservation 11 are then covered with a filling material 13. The filling material 13 is for example composed of aggregates, and preferably of aggregates coated with bitumen as in particular, although no

exclusively, of polymer modified bitumen (as a elastomer). We come so fill cells 3 and 4 of the structure 2. In reference at Figure 2c, we pour a binder 14 hydrocarbon on the aforementioned aggregates, and preference

a bituminous binder (modified or not by a polymer such as for example by an elastomer).

This completes filling the reservation 11 and makes it possible, once the binder 14 has cooled, to create a special coating block above the void of the joint. The seal 12 thus created is an apparent seal with improved coating.

With reference to FIG. 2d, and if necessary, a finishing layer 15 is created on said special coating block for possible between ensuring the continuity of the seal 12 for example created the most complete different elements connects. This layer from one of the finishing structure 15 is a hydrocarbon binder sprinkled with micro-aggregates.

The seal 12 was thus created quickly and easily.

In addition, the sguelette used is easily adaptable to renovate.

sguelette

X) and from

In effect joints, it the good already existing and gu'il is sufficient length dig the reservation on site to cut the (along the longitudinal axis to the right depth sguelette 1 in any type of reservation. The sguelette 1 can be used in continuously considered.

Of course, all perfectly suited for

Furthermore, because

1, we have a good remainder of the joint 12.

This allows silent.

We thus have characteristics

The joint 12 go beyond the same between the sguelette 1 the way works, such a half-pavement and two half-pavements used is new art.

rubber grip material also a mechanical seal.

also sguelette between the sguelette to have a joint having for example a blast millimeters.

Of course, the invention is not limited to and the best possible embodiment described and it is possible to make variant embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Thus although here the skeleton has been applied to an apparent joint with improved coating, the skeleton may be associated with other types of joint such as for example an apparent joint with normal coating or even a joint with improved coating. The seal may have a different breath than what has been indicated. In addition, the skeleton may be associated with joints requiring very variable breaths. The skeleton can thus be associated with joints requiring a breath equal to zero as well as joints requiring a greater breath, the skeleton can thus be associated with joints requiring breaths greater than 60 millimeters.

In the same way, we can use the skeleton for other type of structure (bridge, tunnel, dyke, quay ...) than what has been indicated.

In addition, the skeleton can be used for other construction elements that a work of art such as for example a skeleton will be above for a roadway. The identical example process We can thus put by joint.

to that in place of the described cipar example to arrange the skeleton in a roadway on which circulate public transport (bus, tram, train ...) or individual transport (cars, trucks, two-wheelers ...) In particular, we can arrange the skeleton in the roadway in areas particularly exposed to strong constraints such as parking areas, stop areas, level crossings, crossroads, areas near traffic lights ... By way of nonlimiting examples, it will thus be possible to arrange the skeleton in bus corridors, stops before level crossings, bus stop zones, bus parking zones

The thickness of the structure 2 may be different from what has been indicated (whether the structure has a uniform thickness or not). The thickness of the structure 2 can thus be between 10 and 100 millimeters and for example between 30 and 60 millimeters.

In the same way, the honeycomb structure may take a different form than what has been indicated and for example have a different number of rows of cells and / or a different form of cells. The honeycomb structure may for example have a single row. The cells may be contiguous within the same row and / or be offset from one row to another. Within the same structure, it is possible to have cells of different shape and / or dimensions. The structure could for example be in the form of honeycombs. One or more cells may have a section in the shape of a pentagon, of a regular hexagon, etc. The cell structure may not have arms.

The skeleton may not have any reinforcing element. The skeleton may not have a metallic reinforcing element.

The skeleton may not be joined to the reservation. For example if the skeleton is associated with a joint, the skeleton may not be joined to the reservation in particular, although not exclusively, when the breath of the joint can be less than or equal to substantially 20 millimeters (which depends on the intended applications) . The skeleton may be joined at the reservation other than by sticks such as for example using rods passing through the skeleton or even using threaded rods.

Although here we arrange the skeleton on an existing structure or roadway, we can arrange the skeleton on a structure or roadway under construction. The construction element may comprise a single skeleton as described above or else two or more skeletons which will be juxtaposed, or not, in the width or length or height direction of the construction element.

Claims (3)

1. Skeleton for a building element, the skeleton comprising a honeycomb structure (2) extending longitudinally along a longitudinal axis (X), said structure comprising cells (3) of polygonal section having for normal an axis (Y) orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. 2. Skeleton according to claim 1, in which at least two cells have sections of different shapes. 3. Skeleton according 1 of one of the preceding claims, wherein the rubber structure. Skeleton according 1 'one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure (2) comprises at least two rows of cells. Skeleton according 1 'one of the preceding claims, wherein au has a hexagon section. The skeleton of claim 5, wherein The section cell in irregular hexagon. The skeleton of claim 6, wherein The section cell in flattened hexagon. Skeleton according 1 of one of the preceding claims, wherein at least of shape different from that of said two cells. 9. Skeleton according to one of the preceding claims, in which the structure (2) comprises at least one arm (5, 6, 7) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis (X) of said structure. 10. Skeleton according to one of claims preceding, comprising at least one reinforcing element of the structure. 11. Element of construction, the element of 5 construction comprising at least one skeleton according to 1 ' a demands 1 to 10. 12. Pro sold of creation of an element of construction according to the claim 11, comprising the stages of: 10 - place the skeleton in a reservation (11) of the construction element, - fill the reservation with a filling material (13). 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the The filling material comprises aggregates coated with bitumen.