FR3068398B1 - TURBINING DEVICE INVOLVING A WATER FALL CAUSED BY THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A VENTURI TUBE AND A HYDRAULIC POWER GENERATION PLANT USING SUCH A TURBINING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A turbining device comprises: - a Venturi tube (12) with a convergent (121) water inlet, a neck and a divergent (122) outlet water; - a first volume (107B), communicating with the neck in the lower part, having an upper opening (109) and a suction opening (108); - a second volume (107H), having a water intake (14) in the upper part, open in the lower part on the upper opening (109); - A third volume (141), communicating with the first volume (107B) through the suction opening (108) in the lower part, and having an air intake (16). A turbine assembly 10 is arranged in the second volume (107H), a turbine defining a water passage section from the second volume to the first volume (107B), and the side walls of each of the first volume, second volume and third volume. volume determine watertight volumes, outside the planned openings.

Description

TURBINING DEVICE INVOLVING A FALL OF WATER

CAUSED BY IMPLEMENTING A VENTURI TUBE

AND HYDRAULIC POWER GENERATION FACILITY

IMPLEMENTING SUCH A TURBINING DEVICE

The present invention relates to a turbining device in which the driving force for driving a turbine is generated by a waterfall.

More particularly, in the turbining device of the invention, the waterfall is formed in solid water by exploiting the energy of a localized current. The invention finds particular application in the production of electricity by hydraulic force and improves the production of a conventional hydropower plant using a water reservoir.

The search for the exploitation of the forces of nature to produce a mechanical energy that can be used for human activities is very old. The flow of rivers and the wind have in the course of history given rise to many inventions which are today largely implemented to meet the continuously increasing needs of electric energy of modern societies.

The driving force of water is nowadays still considered as a renewable energy source which presents qualities appreciated in terms of continuity of production and in terms of storage.

Turbine turbines are known which are submerged to form tidal turbines.

Such turbines operate with the force of the current that drives, through a paddle wheel or a turbine, an electricity generator.

The powers produced by this type of turbine are therefore directly related to the speed of the current which determines the flow rate that can pass through the turbine.

Turbines fed by the energy linked to waterfalls are also known. Indeed, the energy provided by a body of water is even more important than the height of fall is high. In addition to the power available, a high drop height is favorable to the efficiency of a hydroelectric installation.

To regulate the flow of waterfalls and to store water in order to have a usable energy reserve, it is well known to build artificial dams creating reservoirs in which water is stored and then withdrawn for be conveyed to hydraulic turbines placed at a level below the level of the water in the tank, this difference in level constituting the height of the fall.

Such dams and associated reservoirs are however not without drawbacks which today slow down the operation of new sites.

Indeed, the densification of the human population in the areas that would be flooded in the event of dam construction makes it increasingly difficult to select new hydroelectric production sites that would be economically viable.

In addition such facilities are not without causing ecological problems by disturbing the biotope of the local flora and fauna.

Thus, in countries concerned with preserving the aquatic ecosystem and organizing water management, a non-turbined reserved flow is maintained at the level of a dam, generally of the order of 10% of the average flow. of the dam.

This non-turbined flow must be assured without obstacle to be ichtyo compatible.

In these situations, it results directly that 10% of the possible production of energy by a dam can not be exploited.

There are also cases of river developments, regulation dams, locks ..., which implement medium-height waterfalls that are untapped, or little exploited, to produce energy because of a farm considered economically unprofitable or hardly compatible with the primary purpose of the development.

However, these developments remain subject to the same obligations to maintain a reserved flow that is not exploited and their compatibility with the aquatic fauna.

In the case of a dam with integrated turbine, the fish can not pass in the opposite direction of the current through the turbine, likewise for the descent, even if it is morphologically possible with the current and except for accidents.

This usually requires a fish ladder for the upstream and downstream migration of fish. The ecological impact of these scales is important during construction on the one hand, unattractive on the other hand and continues until a possible demolition in case of non-use.

The turbining device according to the present invention aims to produce mechanical energy that respects the constraints related to the respect of aquatic fauna. In one embodiment, the turbining device makes it possible to energetically enhance the reserved flow of a hydraulic installation in compliance with the technical and legal obligations, and the ecological constraints, which are imposed on this reserved flow. For these purposes, the turbining device, intended to be driven by a water flow of a reservoir, comprises: a Venturi tube comprising a convergent water inlet, a diverging outlet water and a collar situated between the convergent and the divergent; - a first volume, having a side wall, a lower portion communicates with an inner portion of the Venturi tube in a region of the neck, and an upper portion has an upper opening and a suction opening; - a second volume, having a side wall, an upper portion to be immersed under a surface of the reservoir, has a water intake and a lower portion is open on the upper opening of the first volume; - A third volume, having a side wall, a lower part communicates with the first volume through the suction opening of the first volume and comprises an air intake for introducing air into the third volume.

In addition, in the turbining device, a turbine assembly is arranged in the second volume, a turbine of the turbine assembly determining a water passage section from the second volume to the first volume, and the side walls of each of the first volume. volume, second volume and third volume determine the watertight volumes, outside the openings provided for the communications between the different volumes and the Venturi tube, for the admission of air and for the intake.

It is thus constituted a turbining device in which a flow of water to be maintained without obstacle is used to generate an inner fall to the turbine device, falling driving the turbine.

In particular embodiments, the turbining device comprises the following additional features, taken alone or in combination in so far as they are technically operable: the first volume comprises an upper isolation and / or regulation valve arranged to control a water flow between the water intake and the turbine unit; the first volume comprises a lower isolation and / or regulation valve arranged to control a flow of water passing through said first volume towards the Venturi tube; - the water intake has a filtration grid; - The filtering grid comprises a cleaning device comprising a screen which a scraper knife is arranged to scan a surface of said filtering grid; - The air intake comprises an air inlet control valve. - The air intake comprises an air duct, a proximal end opens into the third volume and a distal end opposite the proximal end of said air duct, opens above a surface of the reservoir ; - The air line is a flexible pipe whose distal end is maintained above the surface of the tank by a float; - The air intake comprises means for delivering air at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. - The turbining device comprises one or more ballast tanks which provides the turbine device a stable immersed position when the ballast tank or tanks are filled with water, and which ensures the turbomachinery buoyancy when the tank or tanks of ballast are empty of water and full of air; - The turbine assembly comprises an electric generator mechanically coupled to the turbine of said turbine assembly. The invention also relates to a hydraulic power plant, comprising a water tank and a water flow of the tank determining a height of drop between a surface of the tank and the flow, and implementing at least one turbining device according to the invention such that: - the axis YY 'of the Venturi tube is oriented in the direction of the flow so that the water of the flow enters the Venturi tube by the convergent and springs by the divergent; - the water intake is submerged under the surface of the tank; - A distal end of the air intake opens in the open air.

According to particular embodiments, in the hydraulic installation: - the tank (R) is a reserve of water resulting from a dam, and or; the flow incorporates a reserved flow of the dam, and or; the turbining device is immersed in the tank while resting on a bottom of the tank, or is arranged in a structure of the dam. - In another embodiment, the hydraulic power generation system comprises at least one turbining device according to the invention and the reservoir is formed by a flowing stream, or a marine environment comprising a current natural. The axis YY 'of the Venturi tube is oriented in the direction of the flow, or the natural current, so that a flow of water from the flow, or from the natural flow, enters the tube of

Venturi by the convergent and out of the divergent.

The device is described below with reference to the appended drawings, drawings in which the various figures represent non-limiting embodiments in the particular case of an artificial dam:

Figure 1: a schematic view of the turbine device arranged for the production of electricity;

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the electric generator associated with the turbine device of Figure 1;

Figure 3: a schematic view illustrating the detail of an embodiment of a screen;

Figure 4; a schematic representation of an example of a new concept of hydroelectric production dam incorporating in its structure the turbining device according to the invention.

In the drawings, the various elements of the turbining device and its environment are not represented on the scale.

In Figure 1, there is shown a turbining device according to the present invention, installed on a waterfall formed by means of a dam B retaining. This embodiment and the corresponding mode of implementation are illustrative and in no way limit the invention.

In the remainder of the description, the expressions above and below, or words or expressions equivalent to designate relative positions, in the common sense given to them by an observer of the turbining device in a functional situation, will be used. being particularly understood that the invention is in the field of hydraulic energy and its use in the production of energy, a field in which gravity and fluid flows play a vital role.

Conventionally, the dam B, generally built in the bed of a watercourse, causes the formation of a reservoir R whose filling is provided by the surface water of the watershed upstream of said dam.

According to a characteristic of the dam B, a height H is formed with respect to a water intake, in this example substantially corresponding to the height of said dam.

The dam has, in the illustrated embodiment, a discharge line E for forming a flow of water from the reservoir to a point below an upper surface S of the reservoir.

The discharge line E is in the general case provided with a stop valve V which makes it possible to control the flow in said discharge duct, in particular to allow said flow to flow or to prohibit it by opening or closing said valve .

The discharge line E advantageously corresponds, but not necessarily, to a conduct implemented to maintain a reserved flow imposed by standards, legal or administrative obligations, or specifications of the reservoir.

In the case of the invention, advantageously the discharge pipe E takes the water in a deep zone of the reservoir, for example substantially at a bottom F of the reservoir near the dam B and rejects the water also taken from a reservoir. low point to maintain as high a hydrostatic pressure as possible.

This advantageous choice makes it possible to create a maximum height of the water column between the surface of the tank and a capture of the water passing through the turbine device as will be understood later in the description and a speed of flow in the pipe. discharge rate E as high as possible in accordance with the

Torricelli.

The turbining device, in the example of form described, is placed on a bottom F of the tank in which it is immersed upstream of the dam B.

Still with reference to FIG. 1, the turbining device comprises: a support 18 providing a mechanical interface between the tank bottom F and the functional part of the turbining device in order to ensure the required stability; a Venturi tube 12, arranged with an axis oriented substantially along a horizontal axis YY '; a first volume 107B, shown cylindrical with a vertical axis XX 'in FIG. 1, of depression; a turbine assembly 10; - A second volume 107H, shown cylindrical vertical axis XX 'in Figure 1, water inlet to the turbine assembly; a third volume 141, represented cylindrical with a vertical axis XX 'in FIG. 1, enveloping the second volume 107H; a water intake 14 for supplying the reservoir R with water the second volume 107H; an air intake 16, from the tank surfaces in the illustrated example, to the third volume 141.

Each of the first, second and third volumes comprises an outer envelope by determining a shape and a capacity, said outer envelope having openings with the ambient environment, the details of which are explained below in the context of the arrangement between them of the different parts of the turbine system.

The Venturi tube 12 has a known architecture of such a tube which, following the direction of flow of a fluid, has a convergent 121 followed by a divergent 122, which converge and diverge are connected to the level of a collar.

In the present case, an outlet of the divergent 122 is connected to the pipe E so that the water passing through said pipe, forced by the hydrostatic pressure linked to the height of fall H, passes through the pipe of

Venturi following its axial direction.

The first volume 107B has a lower discharge opening 123 through which said first volume is opened on the inside of the Venturi tube at the neck.

The first volume 107B has a suction opening 108, located above the lower discharge opening, through which said first volume communicates with the third volume 141.

The first volume 107B also includes a refill opening 109 located above the suction opening 108, typically at an upper end of said first volume. The turbine assembly 10 is arranged above the first volume 107B so that an outlet of said turbine assembly, through which the water passing through the turbine is ejected, corresponds to the recharge opening of said first volume.

The second volume 107H has an ejection opening 110 located in a lower part of said second volume. Said ejection opening also corresponds to an inlet of the turbine assembly 10.

From this arrangement, it appears that the second volume 107H communicates with the first volume 107B by the turbine assembly 10, and that consequently, the water, located in said second volume, when it flows in said first volume, crosses said turbine assembly.

The second volume 107H has a feed opening 112 located in an upper part of said second volume.

Said feed opening is associated with a water intake 14, in practice provided with a grid 142 which allows the water of the tank R to enter the second volume 107H through the feed opening 112 by filtering the water debris that can be transported by the stream of water and prevent their entry into said second volume.

The third volume 141, whose cylindrical overall shape is arranged coaxial with the second volume 107H to contain said second volume, communicates in a lower portion of said third volume with an upper portion of the first volume 107B.

More particularly, the suction opening 108 forms gills in a wall of the first volume in a low-pressure zone of the flow of water passing through said first volume so that the water potentially contained in the third volume 141 is sucked by said gills, as illustrated by the arrows shown in Figure 1.

The air intake 16 comprises a pipe 161 opening at a distal end 163 of the third volume 141 into the atmosphere so as to allow an air inlet at atmospheric pressure and opening at a proximal end 164 of the third volume 141 in said third volume so that air entering through the distal end exits into the third volume through the proximal end. In one embodiment, the air intake 16 comprises an air inlet control valve V3, for example located near the proximal end 164 to integrate its installation with the structure of the turbining device.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, there is arranged a lower valve valve V2 which in a closed position closes the first volume 107B so that a vertical flow of water along the axis of said first volume is interrupted and which in a more or less open position allows such a flow by allowing, if necessary, to regulate the flow rate.

Similarly, it is also arranged an upper valve valve V1 which in a closed position closes the second volume 107H so that a vertical flow of water to the first volume 107B, along the axis of said second volume is interrupted and which in a more or less open position allows such a flow, allowing the flow rate to be regulated if necessary.

Figure 2 schematically illustrates an example of a turbine assembly 10 adapted to the case of electricity production. In this example, a generator 11 of electric current is associated with a turbine 110, a rotor 104 is coupled to a rotor 101 of the generator.

A fixed structure supports a stator 102 of the generator to maintain an air gap 103 with the rotor of said generator, this in a known manner. An axis XX 'of rotation of the rotating parts of the turbine assembly is vertical, said rotating parts being kept free in rotation with respect to the fixed structure.

The turbine 110 is in itself of a conventional form which will be adapted to the particular case of the turbining system in question, in particular taking into account its operating conditions, such as the flow rate and the drop height.

The turbine may be of axial flow type. The turbine may be of the radial flow type.

In the form illustrated in Figure 2, the generator 11 is placed above the turbine 110 and with an inner rotor 101. However, this example is not limiting and the skilled person can apply any known form of generator and coupling between the generator and the turbine that he will consider adapted according to its constraints: dimensions, cooling, sealing ...

The accessories of the type bearings, guides, protective housings of the rotor / stator assembly, the fixing means on the frame 18 are not shown, being within the reach of those skilled in the art and depending on the configuration of the place.

The frame 18 is schematically represented in the form of a metal structure 181 with feet 182 resting on the bottom F of the tank R, advantageously on a platform, not shown, built for this purpose to ensure the turbine device a precise position and stable for which it was designed.

The chassis 18 supports all the other components of the turbining device which has just been described so as to constitute a monolithic assembly.

Advantageously, there are provided holding means at the bottom of the tank in the form of ballast 183 and an optional ground anchoring, not shown.

Advantageously, one or more ballast tanks 185 are formed whose filling with water, and the emptying are controlled so as to immerse and emerge the turbining device by filling or emptying said ballast tanks.

In this embodiment, during the emptying of the ballast tanks 185, the water is replaced by air and, by a suitable dimensioning of the volume of said ballast tank, the Archimedes thrust produced ensures the floating of the device. turbines.

Such ballast tanks 185 are for example, as illustrated, made under the third volume 141 by an extension of a wall of said third volume continuing down to the frame 18. Of course, partitions are sealingly separating the different volumes between them and with the surrounding environment. This prolonged wall of the third volume is able to serve as a main vertical structure on which can be fixed securely the different parts of the turbine device, for example by ribs and not shown reinforcements.

Such an arrangement makes it possible to bring the turbine device to float on the surface S of the reservoir, substantially vertical to the functional position, for a light intervention or a routine inspection, without it being necessary to use means complex lifting.

In all cases, the anchors and ballast tanks must allow the dryness of the turbine device for more or less complex operations of maintenance or repair.

The buoyancy of the turbining device, the ballast tanks of which have been filled with air, makes it possible to easily move the turbine device, for example by towing, to the surface of the tank towards lifting means, not shown, or towards a dry dock, not shown. For these purposes, the turbining device will include as many needs of the rings or bollards to be towed and lifted when needed.

Operation of the turbine device.

In addition to the preceding detailed description of an embodiment of the invention, the description of the operation of the turbining device makes it possible to understand more precisely the importance of certain elements which will be useful to those skilled in the art. to understand the various possible forms of realization by repeating the principles.

Figure 1 illustrates the turbining device described above in an environment ensuring its operation.

As shown diagrammatically in this Figure 1, the turbine device is immersed in a tank R so that the water intake 14 is below the surfaces of said tank. This water intake 14 is thus supplied with water continuously. The distal end 163 of the air intake is held in the open air above the surface of the tank by a snorkel or other equivalent system, for example by means of a float 162 in the case of a flexible or articulated pipe 161.

The divergent 122 of the Venturi tube is connected to the discharge line E so that, with the shut-off valve V open, the flow of water forced into the said discharge line by the hydrostatic pressure resulting from the height of H drop, passes through the Venturi tube 12 penetrating through the convergent 121 open in the tank R.

Due to this flow of water passing through the Venturi tube, a depression in the section of the neck is formed in a known manner, a depression resulting from the acceleration of the flow in this section.

This depression has the effect of drawing the water that is in the first volume 107H as soon as the lower valve valve V2 is open and, by continuity of the volumes communicating through the gills, also sucks the water and or of the air that is in the third volume 141 when Peer is admitted by the air intake 16, which assumes that the valve V3 air inlet control, if such a valve is implemented, is open.

The water level in said third volume accordingly decreases, the released space being then occupied by air admitted to atmospheric pressure by the air intake 16. The suction of water through the Venturi tube will cease when the equilibrium of the pressures will be reached or that all the water will have been sucked up in the first volume and in the third volume, as well as in the second volume 107H whose water flows by gravity in the first volume 107B, so far that the upper valve valve V2 is kept closed.

When the upper valve valve V2 is also open, the water admitted by the water intake 14 in the second volume 107H maintains the latter full by compensating for the volume sucked into the first volume 107B.

In this downward movement of water through the second volume 107H and the first volume 107B, a suction effect is produced to the first volume 107B from the third volume 141 through the gills allowing said first and third volume to communicate with each other. maintains a water gap in the third volume 141, and draws air from said third volume into the water flow of the first volume 107B, which has the effect of causing and maintaining the pressure in the first volume 107B under the turbine assembly 140, at a value close to atmospheric pressure.

It is thus formed within the turbining device a waterfall whose water passing vertically through the second volume 107H generates a driving force taken up by the turbine of the turbine assembly 10, which in the case exposed produces an electrical energy at means of the generator coupled to the turbine.

The lower valve valve V2 and or the upper valve valve V1 are advantageously used to regulate the operation of the turbine device, and advantageously to manage stopping and starting phases of said turbocharging device.

The lower valve valve V2 provides control of the water supply sucked by the Venturi tube 12, closing more or less a section of the first volume 107B.

The upper valve valves V1 makes it possible to regulate the flow rate of the water entering the second volume 107H, and when the device stops isolating said second volume from the tank R.

The grid 143, as represented in FIG. 3, may comprise a screen in the form of a scraper knife 144, mounted to rotate on an axis of revolution of said grid, in order to scrape a wall of said grid and prevent its obstruction by objects. floating ads. A motor, not shown, advantageously drives this scraper knife. The continuous suction of air from the third volume when the device is in operation also has the effect of producing a large exchange surface between air bubbles and the water entraining the sucked air, which favors the oxygenation of water favorable to the development of aquatic life.

It is thus possible to produce energy, especially electrical, while being perfectly ichtyo compatible, and limiting the need for fish scales. The energy produced by means of the turbining device of the invention comes to accumulate with a primary production of energy by the conventional means implemented by the dam B, if said dam comprises such means, without affecting said primary production. and thus improves the overall efficiency of the dam.

In addition, the energy produced by the turbining device of the invention makes it possible to use a portion of the water of the reserved flow without affecting the passage left free for the fauna which can cross the Venturi tube without any obstacle.

According to other conditions of use, the turbining device of the invention is placed in a natural or forced stream as the only means of energy production, so as to maintain a passage section of the flow of natural water free of heat. 'obstacle.

For example, the turbining device can be placed in a marine environment in a permanent current or in a tidal stream provided that it is taken care of to orient the horizontal axis YY 'in the direction of the current.

For example, the turbining device can be placed in the stream of a stream, with which it will be able to produce energy without forming an obstacle to the movement of fish.

For example, the turbine device can be placed in a tank upstream of a flow supplying turbines of the dam to produce additional energy without specific water sampling. In this type of installation, it will be taken care to place the turbine device at a sufficient distance from the turbines of the dam so that the flow of water having passed through said turbine device is stabilized, without critical swirls, and to avoid or to limit the risk of revealing cavitation phenomena induced by the operation of the turbining device.

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of a form of implementation in which the turbining device is integrated into a technical structure of the dam B.

In the form shown, the dam also incorporates a hydroelectric power plant in which turbines 90, for example Kaplan turbines with vertical axis, are also installed in a conventional manner placed in water tubes 91 passing through the dam. upstream downstream of the flow.

In this example, the Venturi tube 12 of the turbining device of the invention is sized to continuously deliver at least the reserve flow rate and the water sample in the reservoir feeding the convergent 121 of the Venturi tube is advantageously placed in a sediment accumulation zone 92 which are thus continuously discharged into the flow passing through said Venturi tube without the risk of damaging a turbine.

The turbining device of the invention can be implemented to meet localized energy needs, its installation does not require, in its submerged version, major civil engineering work which limits its ecological impact.

Another advantage of the turbining device of the invention is to meet temporary energy needs, said turbine device can be stopped and put back into operation without interrupting the flow of the reserved flow.

The embodiment described, in particular in its overall architecture implementing cylindrical and coaxial volumes, has advantages in terms of compactness and mass of the turbine device.

However any form in which it is implemented three volumes interacting as in the case of the invention to produce a fall by means of a Venturi tube may also be considered.

For example the different volumes can be arranged differently, for example juxtaposed for some or with staggered axes to facilitate their manufacture, assembly and inspection.

The dimensions of each element of the turbining device will be adapted to each particular case according to parameters such as the height of drop, the reserve flow rate, the expected power of said turbine device. The arrangement of the turbine assembly may also be different in particular depending on the type of turbine used and the system driven by said turbine. Although the invention is particularly suitable for driving an electric generator, it is also possible to drive other equipment, for example pumps, generally any equipment that can be driven by a rotating shaft, with or without gearbox, the equipment that can be mounted closer to the turbine, as in the case described, or the equipment that can be installed above the surface of the tank provided that a transmission shaft is used. the power of length adapted.

In the device described, the air supplied by the air intake is at atmospheric pressure for a natural supply of the third volume.

In other embodiments, the air supply of the turbine device is forced. In this case an air compressor, not shown in the drawings, is associated with the air intake 16 so that the air admitted into the third volume 141 is at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. Such a shape provides superior control capabilities through a larger air pressure range. It also makes it possible to ensure a faster start of the turbining device and to adapt it to more or less high falls.

The detailed description of the turbining device and its application have been described with regard to a waterfall which presents advantageous conditions for installing such a turbining device, but as already mentioned, the production of energy, electrical or other, can be obtained identically with a natural bottom current of a watercourse or marine. As such, the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1 is not representative in its proportions and in the relative dimensions of the different elements of a real installation but only a functional representation.

Claims (17)

1 - Turbining device, intended to be driven by a flow (E) of water from a reservoir (R), characterized in that it comprises: - a Venturi tube (12) comprising a convergent (121) d water inlet, a diverging outlet (122) of water and a neck located between said convergent and said divergent; a first volume (107B) having a side wall, a lower part of which communicates with an inner part of the Venturi tube in an area of the neck, and an upper part of which has an upper opening (109) and a suction opening; (108); a second volume (107H), comprising a side wall, an upper part of which, intended to be immersed under a surface (S) of the tank (R), has a water intake (14) and a lower part of which is open on the upper opening (109) of the first volume (107B); a third volume (141), comprising a side wall, a lower part of which communicates with the first volume (107B) through the suction opening (108) of said first volume and comprises an air intake (16) intended to introducing air into said third volume; wherein a turbine assembly 10 is arranged in the second volume (107H), a turbine of said turbine assembly defining a water passage section from said second volume to the first volume (107B); in which the side walls of each of the first volume, the second volume and the third volume determine sealed volumes, outside the openings provided for communication between the different volumes and the Venturi tube, for the admission of air and for the water intake. 2 - turbining device according to claim 1, wherein the first volume (107H) comprises an upper valve (V1) isolation and or regulation arranged to control a flow of water between the intake (14) and the turbine assembly (10). 3 - A turbining device according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the first volume (107B) comprises a lower valve (V2) isolation and or regulation arranged to control a flow of water passing through said first volume towards the Venturi tube (12). 4 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the intake (1.4) comprises a grid (142) of filtration. 5 - A turbining device according to claim 4 wherein, the filtering grid (142) comprises a cleaning device comprising a screen (143), a scraper knife is arranged to scan a surface of said filtering grid. 6 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the air intake (16) comprises a valve (V3) for regulating the entry of air. 7 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the air intake (16) comprises an air duct (161), a proximal end (164) opens into the third volume (141) and a distal end (163), opposite the proximal end on said air duct, opens above a surface (S) of the reservoir (R). 8 - Turbine device according to claim 7 wherein the air duct (161) is a flexible pipe whose distal end (163) is held above the surface of the tank (R) by a float (162) . 9 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the air intake (16) comprises means for delivering air at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. 10 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the turbine device comprises one or more ballast tanks (185) which provides said turbine device a stable immersed position when said ballast tank or tanks are filled with water and which ensures said buoyancy device buoyancy when said ballast tank or tanks are empty of water and full of air. 11 - Turbine device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the turbine assembly (10) comprises an electric generator (11) mechanically coupled to the turbine of said turbine assembly. 12 - Hydraulic power plant, comprising a reservoir (R) of water and a flow (E) of water of the reservoir determining a height of drop (H) between a surface (S) of said reservoir and said flow, characterized in that it comprises at least one turbining device according to one of the preceding claims so that: - the axis YY 'of the Venturi tube (12) is oriented in the direction of the flow (E) whereby the water of said flow enters said Venturi tube through the convergent (121) and out through the divergent (122); - The water intake (14) is immersed under the surface (S) of the tank (R); - A distal end (163) of the air intake (16) opens in the open air. 13 - Hydraulic power generation system according to claim 12 wherein the reservoir (R) is a reserve of water resulting from a dam (B). 14 - Hydraulic power generation system according to claim 13 wherein the flow (E) incorporates a reserved flow dam (B). 15 - Hydraulic power generation system according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the turbine device is immersed in the tank resting on a bottom (F) of the reservoir 16 - hydraulic power generation system according to one of claims 13 or 14, wherein the device is arranged in a structure of the dam. 17 - Hydraulic power plant, comprising at least one turbining device according to one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the reservoir (R) is formed by a flowing stream, or a marine environment comprising a natural current, and in which the axis YY 'of the Venturi tube (12) is oriented in the direction of flow, or natural flow, so that a flow of water of said flow, or natural current , enters said venturi tube through the convergent (121) and out through the diverging (122)