FR3060679A1 - ANCHORING SYSTEM FOR AXIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchoring system (300) for an axis (210a), said anchoring system (300) comprising: - a wall (206a) pierced with a first bore (302) centered on a first axis ( 304), - a bearing (350) which accommodates in the first bore (302), and which is pierced by a second bore (352) centered on a second axis (354) parallel to said first axis (304) and offset relative to to said first axis (304), said second bore (352) being provided for housing said axis (210a), the anchoring system (300) having locking means (356) for rotationally locking said bearing (350) in said first bore (302). Such an anchoring system thus allows an adjustment of the position of the axis and in the case of a connecting rod makes it possible to dispense with the measurement of the center distance.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to an anchoring system for an axis, in particular to the axis of a connecting rod, a connecting rod comprising two such anchoring systems, a central wing box of an aircraft comprising at least one such connecting rod or at at least one such anchoring system, an aircraft comprising at least one such wing box, as well as a tool for mounting such a connecting rod.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

A central wing box of an aircraft consists of an assembly of panels and beams. To ensure the cohesion of the box, connecting rods are fixed between two beams facing each other. To this end, each of the two beams has a wall pierced with a bore and the connecting rod has a yoke at each end.

When installing the connecting rod, each yoke receives an axis which crosses the yoke and one of the bores.

Due to the assembly tolerances, there is a dimensional dispersion between the theoretical center distance of the two bores and the real center distance. To obtain a connecting rod that is at real dimensions, an operator must then measure the real distance, send the data thus collected to a connecting rod manufacturer who will drill the yokes according to this data.

The assembly time is then relatively long and if a connecting rod is replaced, the process must be carried out again, resulting in a loss of operating time of the aircraft.

In addition, before the positioning of each axis of the connecting rod, the box can undergo other treatments which affect the center distance, the positioning is then carried out under stress and requires the use of guide shells, which is still a waste of time.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system for an axis, in particular for an axis of a connecting rod which saves time when the axis is put in place and minimizes inventory management.

To this end, an anchoring system for an axis is proposed, said anchoring system comprising:

- a wall pierced with a first bore centered on a first axis,

- A bearing which accommodates in the first bore, and which is pierced with a second bore centered on a second axis parallel to said first axis and off-axis with respect to said first axis, said second bore being provided for housing said axis, the system of anchoring comprising locking means for locking in rotation said bearing in said first bore.

Such an anchoring system thus makes it possible to adjust the position of the axis and in the case of a connecting rod makes it possible to dispense with the measurement of the center distance.

According to a particular embodiment, the blocking means consist of first grooves made on the outer periphery of the bearing and second grooves made on the inner periphery of the first bore.

According to a particular embodiment, the locking means consist of a film of adhesive deposited between the outer periphery of the bearing and the internal periphery of the first bore.

The invention also provides a connecting rod comprising two anchoring systems according to one of the preceding variants, where the walls of the two anchoring systems are opposite one another and form a yoke of the connecting rod.

Advantageously, the connecting rod comprises two other anchoring systems according to one of the preceding variants, where the walls of the two other anchoring systems are opposite one another and form the other yoke of the connecting rod.

The invention also provides a central wing box comprising:

- two beams, each beam having a wall pierced with a bore, and

- a connecting rod according to one of the preceding embodiments, where each yoke of the connecting rod is fixed to one of the walls by the axis which is fitted in said yoke and said bore of the wall.

The invention also provides a central wing box comprising:

- a connecting rod with two yokes, and

- two beams, one of which has an anchoring system according to one of the preceding embodiments and the other of which has an anchoring system according to one of the preceding embodiments or a wall pierced with a bore, where each clevis is fixed to one of the beams by an axis which is fitted into the clevis and the bore of the anchoring system or of the wall.

The invention also provides an aircraft comprising a central wing box according to one of the preceding variants.

The invention also provides a tool for mounting a connecting rod according to the previous variant, where each bearing has a flange with a notch, where for each bearing, the locking means consist of first grooves made on the outer periphery of the bearing and second grooves made on the inner periphery of the first bore, the tooling comprising:

- a shaft the diameter of the axis and having a groove which extends parallel to the axis of the tree over its entire length, and

- For each bearing, a ring pierced with a bore of the axis diameter, having a protruding key in the bore of the ring and adapted to the shape of the groove, and having an indexing lug designed to be in taken with the notch of a bearing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of an aircraft according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a central wing box according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an anchoring system according to a first variant of a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an anchoring system according to a second variant of a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a bearing implemented in the anchoring system according to the invention, FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of an anchoring system according to a first variant of a second embodiment of the invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the anchoring system according to the first variant of the second embodiment of the invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an anchoring system according to a second variant of the second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an anchoring system according to the first variant of the second embodiment of the invention during an assembly step.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Fig. 1 shows an aircraft 100 which has a fuselage 102 and wings 104. The aircraft 100 also has a central wing box 106 which joins the two wings 104 with the fuselage 102.

Fig. 2 shows a simplified cross-sectional example of the box 106. The box 106 here consists of four beams 202a-d, two of which are connected by a connecting rod 204. To this end, each beam 202a-b has a wall 206a-b pierced with a bore and, for each bore, the rod 204 has a yoke 208a-b between which is positioned the wall 206a-b and the bore.

The wall 206a-b and the associated clevis 208a-b are secured together by a pin 210a-b which is engaged in the clevis 208a-b and the bore.

The principle of the invention consists in offsetting at least one of the axes 210a as explained below, the offset allows adjustment of the center distance of the two axes 210a-b to adapt to the real center distance of the two bores .

Fig. 3 shows a section through an anchoring system 300 according to a first variant and FIG. 4 shows a section through an anchoring system 400 according to a second variant. Each of the anchoring systems 300, 400 comprises the wall 206a pierced with a first bore 302, 402 centered on a first axis 304, 404. The wall 206a is for example the wall of a beam of the box 106.

The anchoring system 300, 400 also includes a bearing 350, 450 which accommodates in the first bore 302, 402 and which is pierced by a second bore 352, 452 centered on a second axis 354, 454 and in which is fitted the 'axis 210a.

The second axis 354, 454 is parallel to the first axis 304, 404 and offset with respect to the latter. Thus, the rotation of the bearing 350, 450 in the first bore 302, 402 around the first axis 304, 404 makes it possible to move the second bore 352, 452 and therefore the axis 210a which is fitted therein.

In order to lock the bearing 350, 450 in the chosen position, the anchoring system

300, 400 comprises blocking means 356, 456 which are provided for rotationally blocking the bearing 350, 450 in the first bore 302, 402. The blocking in rotation of the bearing 350, 450 relative to the first bore 302, 402 allows a frictionless force transmission due to the sliding of the bearing surface 350, 450 relative to that of the first bore 302, 402.

Such anchoring systems 300, 400 thus allow adjustment of the position of the axis 210a relative to the first bore 302.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the locking means 356 consist of first grooves 358 produced on the outer periphery of the bearing 350 and second grooves 360 produced on the inner periphery of the first bore 302.

Fig. 5 shows an example of such a bearing 500 with first splines

358.

The grooves 358 and 360 stretch in a direction parallel to the first axis 304. The first grooves 358 and the second grooves 360 are dimensioned to be in engagement with each other. According to a particular embodiment, the first grooves 358 and the second grooves 360 are identical.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, each groove 358 has a triangular profile, but other shapes are possible such as for example in an arc or other.

To lock the bearing 350 in translation in the first bore 302, the bearing 350 has at one of its ends a flange 362 which accommodates in a recess in the wall 206a and at its other end a locking nut 364 which is screwed on said other end which is threaded for this purpose.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the blocking means 456 consist of a film of adhesive deposited between the outer periphery of the bearing 450 and the inner periphery of the first bore 402. Stopping in translation is then ensured by bonding.

In the case where the anchoring system 300, 400 is provided for fixing a connecting rod, the two walls of the yoke 208a of the connecting rod are placed on either side of the wall 206a and each wall of the yoke 208a is pierced with a bore 366, 466 in which the axis 210a is fitted which is stopped in translation here, on the one hand, by its head and, on the other hand, by the installation of a nut clamp 368, 468 which is screwed on the axis 210a. The diameter of bores 366 and 466 is equal to the diameter of axis 201a to the nearest assembly tolerance.

In the case of the central wing box 106, it is then no longer necessary to produce connecting rods 204 custom-made either during the first manufacturing or when replacing a connecting rod 204, which allows faster assembly. Indeed, it suffices to pivot the bearing 350, 450 into the appropriate position to obtain the desired center distance.

Fig. 6 shows an exploded view of a connecting rod 605 equipped with two anchoring systems 600a-b each conforming to the anchoring system 300 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 shows a section through the connecting rod 605.

Fig. 8 shows a cross section of a connecting rod 805 equipped with two anchoring systems 10 a-b each conforming to the anchoring system 400 of FIG. 4.

In Fig. 7 and FIG. 8, the connecting rod 605, 805 is fixed to a wall 206a pierced with a bore 653, 853 by means of an axis 210a which is fitted into each of the anchoring systems 600a-b, 800a-b and l 'bore 653, 853. The wall 206a is for example the wall of a beam of the box 106. The diameter of the bores 653 and 853 is equal to the diameter of the axis 201a to the assembly tolerance.

The connecting rod 605, 805 has at one end a yoke 208a consisting of two walls 602a-b, 802a-b facing each other and each wall 602a-b, 802a-b constitutes an element of each system of anchor 600a-b, 800a-b.

Each anchoring system 600a-b, 800a-b thus comprises a wall 602a-b, 20 802a-b, each being pierced with a first bore 604a-b, 804a-b centered on a first axis 606, 806.

Each anchoring system 600a-b, 800a-b also includes a bearing 608a-b 808a-b which accommodates in the first bore 604a-b, 804a-b and which is pierced with a second bore 610a-b, 810a- b centered on a second axis 612, 812.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the two bearings 608a-b 808ab are symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the second axis 612, 812.

The two second bores 610a-b, 810a-b are provided to receive the axis 210a which constitutes the axis of attachment of the connecting rod 605, 805 on the wall 206a.

As before, the first axis 606, 806 and the second axis 612, 812 30 are parallel and offset from one another.

The same angular positioning of each bearing 608a-b, 808a-b in the first bore 604a-b, 804a-b associated allows a different placement of the second bore 610a-b, 810a-b of each bearing 608a-b, 808a-b and therefore of the axis 210a which is housed there.

Each anchoring system 600a-b, 800a-b comprises locking means 656a-b, 856a-b for fixing the bearing 608a-b, 808a-b in rotation in the first bore 604a-b, 804a-b.

Such connecting rods 605, 805 thus equipped thus allow easy and rapid mounting even when the distance between the holes 653, 853 of the walls 206a-b varies. Indeed, the rotation of the bearings 608a-b, 808a-b allows adjustment of the center distance of the connecting rod 605, 805. In the case of the central wing box 106, it is then no longer necessary to produce connecting rods 204 tailor-made either during the first manufacturing or when replacing a connecting rod 204, which allows faster assembly.

The center distance adjustment range increases with the offset of the second bore 610a-b, 810a-b.

In the embodiment of the invention presented here, only one of the yokes 208a of the connecting rod has thus been equipped with two anchoring systems 600a-b, 800a-b, but it is also possible to provide that the two yokes 208a -b of the connecting rod are thus equipped and the connecting rod then comprises two other anchoring systems 600a-b, 800a-b where the walls 602a-b, 802a-b of the two other anchoring systems 600a-b, 800ab are in look at each other and form the other yoke 208b of the connecting rod 605, 805.

In the embodiment of the invention of Figs. 6 and 7, the locking means 656a-b consist of first grooves 658 made on the outer periphery of the bearing 608a-b and second grooves 660 made on the inner periphery of the first bore 604a-b. The setting accuracy of the center distance increases with the number of splines 658, 660.

The stop in translation of each bearing 608a-b is here achieved by the presence at one end of the bearing 608a-b of a flange which comes to bear on the outside of the wall 602a-b and which is sandwiched between , on the one hand, said wall 602a-b, and on the other hand, either the head 657 of the axis 210a, or a tightening nut 659 screwed to the other end of the axis 210a.

In the embodiment of the invention of FIG. 8, the blocking means 856a-b consist of a film of adhesive deposited between the outer periphery of the bearing

808a-b and the inner periphery of the first bore 804a-b.

The stop in translation of the axis 210a is achieved here by gluing and fixing the axis 210a is effected by the head 857 of the axis 210a and a clamping nut 859 and possible washers.

In the case of Figs. 3 and 4, the central wing box 106 comprises:

- a connecting rod 204 with two yokes 208a-b, and

- two beams 202a-b, one of which has an anchoring system 300, 400 and the other of which has an anchoring system 300, 400 or a wall 206b pierced with a bore, where each yoke 208a-b is fixed to one of the beams 202a-b by an axis 210a-b which is fitted into the yoke 208a-b and the bore 302, 402 of the anchoring system 300, 400 or of the wall 206b.

In the case of Figs. 6 to 8, the central wing box 106 comprises:

- two beams 202a-b, each beam 202a-b having a wall 206a-b pierced with a bore 653, 853, and

a connecting rod 605, 805, where each yoke 208a-b of the connecting rod 605, 805 is fixed to one of the walls 206a-b by the axis 210a-b which is fitted in the yoke 208a-b and said bore 653, 853 from wall 206a-b.

Fig. 9 shows a step of assembling the two anchoring systems 600a-b of the embodiment of FIG. 7 on the wall 206a.

Insofar as there are two bearings 608a-b, it is necessary to guarantee that the angular positions of the two bearings 608a-b are identical in order to guarantee parallelism between the first axis 606 and the second 612.

To adjust the position of each bearing 608a-b, an operator uses a tool 900 comprising:

a shaft 902 which is the diameter of the axis 210a and which has a groove 904 which extends parallel to the axis of the shaft 902 over its entire length,

- For each bearing 608a-b, a ring 906a-b pierced with a bore 908 of the diameter of the axis 210a, having a key 910 protruding into the bore 908 of the ring 906a-b and adapted to the shape of the groove 904, and having an indexing lug 912a-b.

Each bearing 608a-b has a flange 362 with a notch 502. The indexing lug 912a-b and the notch 502 are provided to be engaged with each other so as to allow translation of the ring 906a-b relative to the bearing 608a-b parallel to the axis of the shaft 902, without the possibility of rotation of the ring 906a-b relative to the bearing 608a-b around the axis of the shaft 902.

The two rings 906a-b are symmetrical about a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 902.

It is said that the key 910 is adapted to the shape of the groove 904 when it can slide along the groove 904 without the ring 906a-b being able to rotate around the Tax of the shaft 902.

The mounting of the connecting rod 605a-b consists in fixing a first yoke (here 208b) to a wall 206b of a beam 202b, then in adjusting the angular positions of the bearings 608a-b of the second yoke 208a as a function of distance between holes 653 of the two beams 202a-b.

The operator introduces the shaft 902 into the first bores 604a-b and the bore 653 of the wall 206a. Then at each end of the shaft 902, it threads a bearing 608a-b by placing the notch 502 towards the outside and a ring 906a-b taking into account the position of the groove 904 and introducing the lug d indexing 912a-b in the notch 502, but without making the bearings 608a-b penetrate into the first bores 604a-b.

The operator rotates the shaft 902 around its axis to find the best position for a first bearing 608a-b. When the operator has found the best position, he pushes the first bearing 608a-b into the first bore 604a-b.

Due to the groove 904 and the indexing lugs 912a-b, the second bearing

608b-a automatically positions itself in the correct position, and the operator can then push it into the corresponding first bore 604b-a, along the shaft 902.

The operator can then remove the shaft 902 and the rings 906a-b and ensure the final fixing of the bearings 608a-b by fitting Tax 210a and the tightening nut 659.

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Claims (9)

1) Anchoring system (300, 400, 600a-b, 800a-b) for an axis (210a), said anchoring system (300, 400, 600a-b, 800a-b) comprising: - a wall (206a, 602a-b, 802a-b) pierced with a first bore (302, 402, 604a5 b, 804a-b) centered on a first axis (304, 404, 606, 806), - a bearing (350, 450, 608a-b, 808a-b) which accommodates in the first bore (302, 402, 604a-b, 804a-b), and which is pierced with a second bore (352, 452, 610a-b, 810ab) centered on a second axis (354, 454, 612, 812) parallel to said first axis (304, 404, 606, 806) and offset from said first axis (304, 404, 606, 806), said 10 second bore (352, 452, 612, 812) being provided for housing said axis (210a), the anchoring system (300, 400, 600a-b, 800a-b) comprising locking means (356, 456, 656a-b, 856a-b) for locking in rotation said bearing (350, 450, 608a-b, 808a-b) in said first bore (302, 402, 604a-b, 804a-b). 2) Anchoring system (300, 600a-b) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (356, 656a-b) consist of first grooves (358, 658) produced on the outer periphery of the bearing (350, 608a-b) and second grooves (360, 660) produced on the inner periphery of the first bore (302, 604a-b). 3) Anchoring system (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (456) consist of a film of adhesive deposited between the outer periphery of the bearing (450, 808a-b) and the inner circumference of the first bore (402, 804a-b). 4) Connecting rod (605, 805) comprising two anchoring systems (600a-b, 800a-b) according to one of claims 1 to 3, where the walls (602a-b, 802a-b) of the two systems 25 anchors (600a-b, 800a-b) are opposite one another and form a yoke (208a) of the connecting rod (605, 805). 5) connecting rod (605, 805) according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises two other anchoring systems (600a-b, 800a-b) according to one of claims 1 to 3, where the walls (602a -b, 802a-b) of the two other anchoring systems (600a-b, 800a-b) are opposite one another and form the other yoke (208b) of the connecting rod (605, 805) . 6) Central wing box (106) comprising: - two beams (202a-b), each beam (202a-b) having a wall (206a-b) 5 borehole (653, 853), and - a connecting rod (605, 805) according to one of claims 4 or 5, where each yoke (208a-b) of the connecting rod (605, 805) is fixed to one of the walls (206a-b) by the axis ( 210a-b) which fits into said yoke (208a-b) and said bore (653, 853) of the wall (206a-b). 10 7) Central wing box (106) comprising: - a connecting rod (204) with two yokes (208a-b), and - two beams (202a-b), one of which has an anchoring system (300, 400) according to one of claims 1 to 3 and the other of which has an anchoring system (300, 400) according to one of claims 1 to 3 or a wall (206b) pierced with a 15 bore, where each yoke (208a-b) is fixed to one of the beams (202a-b) by an axis (210a-b) which is fitted into the yoke (208a-b) and the bore (302, 402 ) of the anchoring system (300, 400) or of the wall (206b). 8) aircraft (100) comprising a central wing box (106) according to one of claims 5 or 6. 20 9) Tool (900) for mounting a connecting rod (605) according to claim 4, wherein each bearing (608a-b) has a flange (362) with a notch (502), where for each bearing (608a-b), the locking means (656a-b) consist of first grooves (658) made on the outer periphery of the bearing (608a-b) and second grooves (660) made on the inner periphery of the first bore (604a-b), 25 the tools (900) including: - a shaft (902) of the diameter of the axis (210a) and having a groove (904) which extends parallel to the axis of the shaft (902) over its entire length, and - For each bearing (608a-b), a ring (906a-b) pierced with a bore (908) of the diameter of the axis (210a), having a key (910) projecting into the bore (908) of the ring (906a-b) and adapted to the shape of the groove (904), and having an indexing lug (912a-b) intended to be engaged with the notch of a bearing (608a-b). 362 PL. 2/4 657 605 PL. 3/4 600a 208a