FR3059022A1 - DEVICE FOR DISENGAGING TWO BANKS OF FORMWORK, FORMING BANK AND ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (1) for spacing formwork panels (2), the spacer device (1) comprising two vertical branches (11, 12) adapted to be respectively connected to two formwork panels arranged vis-à- screw and at least one guiding mechanism (13), connected to the two vertical legs (11, 12) and configured to adjust the spacing of said vertical legs (11, 12) while keeping them parallel, the guiding mechanism (13) having at least one control input (D) adapted to receive a first gap increase energy and a second gap reduction energy to change the configuration of said guide mechanism (13).

Description

GENERAL TECHNICAL AREA AND PRIOR ART

The present invention relates to a device for spacing formwork formwork.

Formwork has long been used for formwork of concrete veils, which are generally heavy metal products since the formwork panel itself is made of sheet steel and this sheet must be reinforced by stiffeners and beams. horizontal or vertical. The panel is also equipped with triangular stability trusses taking up the thrust of the concrete and the assembly constitutes suitable material to give the concrete an excellent formwork form. These metal assemblies are efficient and improve productivity, but they have the disadvantage of being heavy and it is therefore not easy to maneuver them on site. In known manner, operators must use crowbars to move such formwork, which is painful.

To eliminate these drawbacks, there is known in the prior art a load gripping device as presented in patent application FR2700158. With reference to FIG. 1, such a load gripping device comprises a compass 101 which has a head and two branches connected to facing forms 102, a vertical upright, guided vertically relative to the head of the compass , which includes an upper gripping part and a lower part connected to the arms of the compass so as to adjust their spacing. Such a gripping device 101 allows the spacing of the formwork to release a concrete veil M produced by formwork.

Ordinarily, the gripping device is actuated by means of a lifting device, in particular a lifting crane, which opens the arms of the compass and allows the spreading of the formwork. The use of a hoist significantly increases the cost and duration of construction. In addition, such a lifting device does not allow precise adjustment of the spacing between two formwork forms.

GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

In order to eliminate at least some of these drawbacks, the present invention relates to a device for the spacing of formwork formwork, the spacing device comprising two vertical branches adapted to be respectively connected to two formwork formwork arranged opposite each other. -screw and at least one guide mechanism, connected to the two vertical branches and configured to adjust the spacing of said vertical branches while keeping them parallel, the guide mechanism comprising at least one control input adapted to receive a first energy of increasing the spacing and a second energy for reducing the spacing in order to modify the configuration of said guide mechanism.

Thanks to the invention, the spacing device can reduce or increase the spacing between the branches in a practical manner depending on the energy which is received by the control input. In other words, it is not necessary to grasp the spacer as in the prior art to increase the spacing. In the prior art, the spacing device could only receive an upward vertical mechanical force to spread the branches. According to the invention, the spacing can be controlled precisely by means of the guide mechanism.

Preferably, the guide mechanism comprises displacement means configured to adjust the spacing of said branches. Such displacement means make it possible to convert the energy received by the control input into a movement of increasing or reducing the spacing. The displacement means advantageously make it possible to modify the configuration of the guide mechanism.

Preferably, the displacement means comprise at least one actuator, preferably a hydraulic one. A cylinder has a variable length depending on the energy it receives. Thus, the jack makes it possible to modify the configuration of the guide mechanism to modify the spacing in a precise and practical manner. A hydraulic cylinder advantageously makes it possible to develop a significant mechanical force, which is advantageous for spreading high mass formwork.

Preferably, the control input is in the form of a hydraulic connection port. Thus, it suffices to connect the control input to a hydraulic source in order to adjust the spacing as a function of the hydraulic pressure supplied by said source.

Preferably, the control input is positioned on a vertical branch, preferably at its lower end. This advantageously makes it possible, during the same step, to secure the branch to a branch and to connect the control input to an energy source. Preferably, the connection of the control input is made at the same time as the connection of the panel when the control input is positioned at the lower end of the branch.

In a preferred aspect, the control input is in the form of a mechanical connection port, preferably an axis of rotation. An axis of rotation is particularly advantageous since it allows an operator, by means of a screwdriver, to provide an hourly torque or a counterclockwise torque in order to increase or reduce the spacing. Adjusting the spacing is thus practical and painless.

The invention also relates to a formwork form comprising a vertical wall comprising a formwork front face, the form comprising at least one activation input adapted to receive at least a first activation energy and at least a second activation energy d an operator, at least one activation output, adapted to cooperate with a control input of a spacer device as presented above, and transmission means operatively connecting the activation input to the output of activation.

Such a form advantageously forms a power source to which the spacing device can be connected in order to be able to adjust the spacing. The formwork form advantageously fulfills a double function by making it possible, on the one hand to supply the spacing device and, on the other hand, to secure one branch of the spacing device in order to be able to adjust the spacing with another. tarpaulin positioned opposite. Thanks to its activation input, an operator can control the spacing of a spacing device indirectly from the panel, which is practical given that the spacing device is generally located at a height and therefore not very accessible.

Preferably, the panel has at least two activation outputs in order to control at least two spacing devices in order to adjust their spacing. This advantageously makes it possible to keep two forms parallel at several points.

Preferably, the activation input extends to an ergonomic height of between 80cm and 120cm, which allows an operator to control the spacing in a practical and painless manner.

In a preferred aspect, the panel has a single activation input. Preferably, the panel comprising a single activation input and at least two activation outputs, the transmission means operatively connecting the single activation input to the two activation outputs so as to synchronize them. Thus, the two spacing devices open and close in synchronization to ensure that the formwork surfaces remain parallel.

Preferably, the activation input is a rotary axis so as to allow an operator to use a motorized wrench or screwdriver to modify the spacing. Such an activation input can thus be used with tools available at the construction site.

Preferably, the transmission means comprise a hydraulic source, preferably a hydraulic pump in order to hydraulically supply the activation output of the panel. Preferably, the hydraulic pump is driven by the rotary axis forming the activation input. The hydraulic source is preferably mounted in the form panel to be protected.

The invention also relates to an assembly of a spacing device, as presented above, and of at least one formwork formwork as presented above, a vertical branch of the spacing device being fixed to the formwork formwork, the control input of the spacing device being connected to the activation output of the formwork panel so as to allow adjustment of the spacing when supplying a first activation energy or a second activation energy by an operator at the activation input of the formwork panel.

Thus, an operator located on the ground can modify the spacing of the branches of the spacing device by acting directly on the form. There is no longer any need to use crowbars or to use a lifting crane to close a formwork, which saves significant time. In addition, adjusting the spacing is practical and painless.

The invention also relates to a method of reducing the spacing of a spacing device as presented above, the method comprising a step of receiving a second reduction energy by the control input in order to activate the guide mechanism so as to reduce the spacing. An operator can advantageously reduce the spacing by applying a second reduction energy without using a crowbar to close a formwork.

PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a step of stripping a concrete wall by a gripping device according to the prior art; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a spacer device according to a first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 is a partial representation of the spacer in the open position;

- Ια Figure 4 is a partial representation of the spacer device in the closed position;

Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a formwork form according to an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 6 is a close-up schematic representation of a rear part of the form of Figure 5;

- Figure 7 is a schematic representation of two formwork facing opposite spaced by two spacers;

- Figures 8 and 9 show the formwork of Figure 7 separated (Figure 8) and close together (Figure 9);

- Figure 10 is a side view of a second embodiment of a spacer device according to the invention in the closed position; and

- Figure 11 is a perspective view of the spacer device of Figure 10 in the open position.

It should be noted that the figures show the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention if necessary.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a first embodiment of a spacing device 1 which has two vertical branches 11,12 adapted to be respectively connected to two formwork forms arranged opposite and a guide mechanism 13, connected to the two vertical branches 11, 12 and configured to adjust the spacing of said branches 11,12 while keeping them parallel.

In this embodiment, the two branches 11, 12 have substantially the same length. Each branch 11, 12 has a length adapted to allow the establishment of upper auxiliary formwork, known to those skilled in the art under the term "heightening arm", on the formwork to which the arms 11, 12 of the spacing device 1. Preferably, each branch 11, 12 is made of metallic material, in particular steel, so as to have sufficient mechanical strength to allow the spacing of formwork whose mass may exceed 1 ton. The branches 11, 12 have lower ends 11 A, 12A adapted to be fixed to formwork, in particular at their upper edges. Preferably, the branches 11, 12 are fixed by bolting.

Still with reference to FIG. 2, the spacer device 1 further comprises a head 14 connecting the upper end of the branches 11, 12. In this example, the head 14 is in the form of a compass comprising two arms the upper ends of which are articulated together and the lower ends of which are respectively articulated at the upper ends of the branches 11, 12.

In this embodiment, the spacing device 1 also comprises a gripping arm 15 connected to the head 14 and adapted to be connected to a lifting machine in order to be moved, in particular a crane, by a gripping end 16. Nevertheless, it goes without saying that the head 14 could be connected directly to a lifting machine.

In this embodiment, with reference to Figures 3 and 4, the guide mechanism 13 is in the form of a scissor mechanism, but it goes without saying that other guide mechanisms could be suitable. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the guide mechanism 13 comprises two uprights 131, 132 articulated at their center. The first upright 131 of the guide mechanism 13 has one end hinged to the first branch 11 and a second end hinged to a first element 133 mounted in the second branch 12 in translation along the axis along which the second branch 12 extends. Similarly, the second upright 132 of the guide mechanism 13 has one end hinged to the second branch 12 and a second end hinged to a second element 134 mounted in the first branch 11 in translation along the axis along which extends the first branch 11. Such a scissor mechanism is known as such and will not be presented in more detail.

Still with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the guide mechanism 13 further comprises displacement means adapted to modify the configuration of the guide mechanism 13 and thus control the increase or reduction of the spacing between the branches 11, 12 In this example, the displacement means are in the form of a guide cylinder 135 but it goes without saying that other displacement means could be suitable, in particular, a gear train, a rack device, etc. . The guide cylinder 135 is mounted between the first upright 131 and the second upright 132 and adapted to move between a retracted state (Figure 3) and an elongated state (Figure 4).

In this example, in the retracted state, the guide cylinder 135 brings the uprights 131, 132 closer to the guide mechanism 13, which increases the spacing of the branches 11, 12 as illustrated in FIG. 4. Conversely, in the elongated state, the guide cylinder 135 separates the uprights 131, 132 from the guide mechanism 13, which reduces the spacing of the branches 11, 12.

In this embodiment, the guide cylinder 135 is a hydraulic cylinder, but it goes without saying that a pneumatic or electric cylinder could also be suitable. The advantage of a hydraulic cylinder is that it makes it possible to provide a significant mechanical effort to move beams of high masses.

According to the invention, the guide mechanism 13 includes a control input D adapted to receive a first energy for increasing the distance and a second energy for reducing the distance. In this example, the control input D is positioned at the level of the first branch 11 of the spacer device 1 so as to allow a connection of the control input D to an activation output of the panel during the securing of the first branch 11 to the branch as will be presented later.

In this first embodiment, the control input D is a hydraulic input connected to the hydraulic cylinder 135 of the guide mechanism 13. For this purpose, a hydraulic line, extending in the first branch 11, connects the input of control D at the hydraulic cylinder 135. It goes without saying that the control input D must be adapted to the nature of the means of displacement of the guide mechanism 13.

Thus, when the control input D receives a first hydraulic pressure PI, the hydraulic cylinder 135 retracts and the branches 11, 12 move apart as illustrated in FIG. 3. In other words, the first hydraulic pressure PI corresponds to a first energy increase in spacing. Similarly, when the control input D receives a second hydraulic pressure P2, the hydraulic cylinder 135 lengthens and the branches 11, 12 come together as illustrated in FIG. 4. In other words, the second hydraulic pressure P2 corresponds to a second gap reduction energy.

Advantageously, the spacing can be adjusted by modifying the activation energy supplied to the spacing device 1 via its control input D. Preferably, the control energy is supplied directly or indirectly by an operator located on the ground, that is to say, at the level of the formwork to which the spacing device 1 is connected. Thus, an operator can prepare a formwork when the formwork is spread and then close said formwork independently without using a lifting device such as a crane. The manufacturing of a concrete veil is thus greatly accelerated.

In this first embodiment, the spacing device 1 is controlled directly via a formwork form. However, it goes without saying that the spacer device 1 could also be controlled directly as will be presented for the second embodiment of the spacer device 1.

With reference to FIG. 5, a panel 2 according to the invention will now be presented for controlling the spacing device 1. In other words, the formwork panel 2 forms the power source and the spacer device 1 forms a socket which feeds on the formwork panel 2.

With reference to FIG. 5, the formwork form 2 comprising a vertical wall 20 comprising a formwork front face 20. In this example, form 2 comprises two activation inputs El, E2 and two activation outputs SI, S2 of so as to control two spacers 1 as will be presented later. However, it goes without saying that the number of activation inputs and activation outputs could be different. In particular, the invention also relates to a formwork form comprising a single activation input and a single activation output for controlling a single spacing device 1.

Each activation output SI, S2 is adapted to cooperate with a control input D of a spacer device 1. Also, in this embodiment, the activation output SI, S2 is in the form of a hydraulic connector. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the activation outputs S1, S2 extend at the level of an upper part of the panel 2. Preferably, with reference to FIG. 5, when the panel 2 has an upper edge 21, the activation outputs SI, S2 extend through said upper bank 21.

Preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 5, each activation input E1, E2 extends to a height of between 80 cm and 120 cm so that it can be used ergonomically by an operator located on the ground. With reference to FIG. 6, each activation input El, E2 is functionally connected to a kind of activation SI, S2 by transmission means 3. In this example, each activation input El, E2 is presented under the form of a rotary axis and the transmission means 3, connecting an activation input E1 / E2 to an activation output S1 / S2, are in the form of a hydraulic source, preferably a hydraulic pump which is controlled by the rotary axis. For example, when the rotary axis of the activation input El is rotated clockwise, the hydraulic pressure of the activation output SI increases. Conversely, when the rotary axis of the activation input El is rotated counterclockwise, the hydraulic pressure of the activation output SI decreases. Thus, when a spacer device 1 is connected to the activation output SI, the spacing of the branches 11, 12 can be adjusted in a simple and practical manner.

Preferably, the panel 2 only has a single activation input El with two activation outputs SI, S2 by transmission means so that the spacing of two spacing devices 1 can be synchronized. For example, the transmission means comprise two hydraulic pumps synchronized together by a belt or a chain.

Preferably, each rotary axis of an activation input E1 / E2 is adapted to be driven in rotation by means of an electric screwdriver, which makes it possible to limit the hardship of the operators when adjusting the spacing. Preferably, the formwork panel 2 may include guide wheels to facilitate the movement of the panel 2 when adjusting the spacing.

An exemplary implementation of the invention will be presented with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. In this exemplary implementation, two formwork forms 2 are arranged opposite so that their formwork surfaces 2A are parallel and facing each other. The formwork forms 2 are interconnected by two spacing devices 1 which extend perpendicular to the formwork surfaces 2A and above the latter.

Referring to Figure 7, the first branches 11 of the two spacers 1 are secured to the upper edge 21 of a formwork form 2 while the second branches 12 are secured to the upper edge 21 of the other form formwork 2. Preferably, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the branches 11,12 are offset from the formwork surfaces 2A. In other words, they do not extend in the extension of the formwork surfaces 2A so as to allow the addition of extension panels in the extension of said formwork surfaces 2A. Thus, the vertical height of the formwork surface can be easily increased.

The control inputs D of the two spacing devices 1 are respectively connected to the activation outputs SI, S2 of the formwork panel 2 on which the first branches 11 are joined. Thus, the formwork panel 2 is hydraulically connected with the spacing devices 1. Advantageously, the connection is made automatically when the first branches 11 are joined together.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the spacing devices 1 are open and provide a large space, of the order of 1400mm, between the forms 2 to prepare the formation of a concrete veil. Thus, an operator has space to add scrap, reservations and other equipment that must be integrated into the veil. When the operator has completed the installation, he must close the formwork and pour the concrete into the cavity formed between the formwork surfaces 2A to form the concrete veil.

Advantageously and unlike the prior art, the operator does not have to use a crane operator or a crowbar to close the formwork. In this example, the operator need only act on the rotary axes of the activation inputs E1, E2 in order to reduce the spacing of the spacing devices 1 and close the formwork.

In this example, the operator, using an electric screwdriver, drives the rotary axes in clockwise rotation, which drives the hydraulic pump which increases the hydraulic pressure at the control outputs Si, S2, lengthening the length cylinders 135 (Figure 4). Each guide mechanism 13 then controls the reduction in the spacing of the spacing devices 1 and therefore of the construction formwork 2. With reference to FIG. 9, the spacing between the formwork formwork 2 is of the order of 1400 mm and concrete can be poured into the formwork to form the concrete veil. The spacing adjustment is particularly practical since the operator is located near the formwork formwork 2 and can control the spacing. In addition, the hydraulic pump makes it possible to multiply the mechanical force received between the activation input E1 / E2 and the activation output S1 / S2, which makes it possible to move formwork formwork 2 of high masses in a practical manner .

Referring to Figures 10 and i 1, there is shown a second embodiment of a spacer device 1 ’. In a similar manner to the first embodiment, the spacer device T comprises two vertical branches il ’, 12’ adapted to be secured to two formwork forms 2 ’arranged opposite one another.

In this second embodiment, the spacer device 1 'is generally in the form of a caliper. For this purpose, the second vertical branch 12 ′ is terminated at its upper end by a horizontal upright 17 ′ so as to have an overall shape of L as illustrated in FIG. 10. The first vertical branch il ′ is mounted on the horizontal upright 17 'of the second vertical branch 12' by means of a guide mechanism 13 'which is, in this example, in the form of a rack mechanism adapted to adjust the spacing between the two branches il' , 12 '.

The spacer device 1 ’further comprises a control input D’ which is positioned at the lower end of the first vertical branch il ’. In this example, the first vertical branch 11 'extends behind the vertical wall 20' of the formwork panel 2 'and the control input D' is in the form of a rotary axis which is connected to the rack guide mechanism 13. The control input D 'extends to an ergonomic height and can be directly used by an operator, in particular, by means of a screwing wrench or a screwdriver, in order to reduce or increase the distance between the formwork panels 2 '.

A spacer has been presented comprising a single guide mechanism but it goes without saying that it could include more than one, in particular two.

Claims (10)

1. Device (1; Γ) for spacing shuttering formwork (2; 2 '), the spacer device (1; Γ) comprising two vertical branches (11, 12; 1 Γ, 12') suitable for be respectively connected to two formwork formwork (2; 2 ') arranged opposite and at least one guide mechanism (13, 13'), connected to the two vertical branches (11, 12; 11 ', 12' ) and configured to adjust the spacing of said vertical branches (11, 12; 11 ', 12') while keeping them parallel, the guide mechanism (13, 13 ') comprising at least one control input (D, D' ) adapted to receive a first energy for increasing the spacing and a second energy for reducing the spacing in order to modify the configuration of said guide mechanism (13). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism (13) comprises displacement means configured to adjust the spacing of said branches (11, 12). 3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the displacement means comprise at least one cylinder (135), preferably hydraulic. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control input (D) is in the form of a hydraulic connection port. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control input (D) is positioned on a vertical branch (11, 12; 11 ’, 12’), preferably at its lower end. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control input (D) is in the form of a mechanical connection port, preferably an axis of rotation. 7. Formwork formwork (2) comprising a vertical wall (20) comprising a formwork front face (2A), the formwork (2) comprising at least one activation input (El, E2) adapted to receive at least one first energy activation and at least one second activation energy (E2) of an operator, at least one activation output (SI, S2) adapted to cooperate with a control input (D) of a spacer device (1) according to one 5 of claims 1 to 6, and transmission means operatively connecting the activation input (El, E2) to the activation output (SI, S2). 8. Panel according to claim 7, in which the panel (2) comprises at least two activation outputs (SI, S2) in order to control at least two 10 spacers (1) to adjust their spacing. 9. Panel according to one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the activation input (El, E2) extends to a height between 80cm and 120cm. 15 10. Set of a spacer device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, and at least one formwork branch (2) according to one of claims 7 to 9, a vertical branch ( 11) of the spacer device (1) being fixed to the formwork panel (2), the control input (D) of the spacer device (1) being connected to the activation output (SI) of the formwork formwork (2) 20 so as to allow adjustment of the spacing during the supply of a first activation energy or a second activation energy (E2) by an operator at the activation input (El) of the formwork formwork (2). 1/5