FR3012332A1 - METHOD FOR COLORING OXIDATION AND / OR LIGHTENING OF KERATIN FIBERS AND CORRESPONDING MULTIPHASIC COMPOSITION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratinous fibers comprising the application to said fibers of two compositions: - a composition (A) multiphasic comprising: (i) an aqueous phase comprising water and one or more alkaline agents; (ii) an oily phase comprising one or more fatty substances which are liquid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure; the phases of the composition (A) being macroscopically separated; and an oxidizing composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents. The invention also relates to a multiphasic composition suitable for implementing the method according to the invention, and a corresponding kit.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratinous fibers, in particular human keratinous fibers such as the hair, and in particular the hair dyeing and / or the lightening of keratin fibers. , comprising applying a multiphasic composition (A) and an oxidizing composition (B).

The present invention also relates to a specific multiphasic composition for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratin fibers, suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention. The present invention also relates to a device with several compartments or kit for dyeing and / or lightening keratin fibers, allowing the implementation of the method of the invention. For a long time, many people have sought to change the color of their hair, including coloring them to hide their white hair, for example. For the permanent staining of human keratinous fibers, so-called permanent staining methods have been developed, also known as oxidation dyeings, which use dyeing compositions containing oxidation dye precursors, generally known as oxidation bases, such as ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols and heterocyclic compounds. These oxidation bases are colorless or weakly colored compounds which, when combined with oxidizing products, can give rise to colored compounds by a process of oxidative condensation. It is also known that the shades obtained with these oxidation bases can be varied by combining them with couplers or color modifiers, the latter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diaminobenzenes, meta-aminophenols, meta-aminophenols and meta-aminophenols. diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds such as indole compounds. One of the difficulties encountered in carrying out the prior art staining processes is that they are carried out under alkaline conditions and in the presence of one or more oxidizing agents. The second type of staining is so-called semipermanent staining or direct staining, which consists of applying to the keratin fibers direct dyes which are colored and coloring molecules having an affinity for said fibers, to be allowed to pause and then to rinse them. In order to perform these stains, the direct dyes generally employed are chosen from nitrobenzene, anthraquinone, nitropyridine, azo, xanthene, acridine, azine or triarylmethane direct dyes, and natural dyes. These dyes may be nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric. The compositions containing one or more direct dyes are applied to the keratinous fibers for a time necessary to obtain the desired coloration, and then rinsed. In order to improve the performance of the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening processes of human keratin fibers, and to limit the inconveniences associated with the use of alkaline agents and oxidizing agents, it has been proposed to use in these compositions, a substantial amount of one or more fats. However, the compositions of the prior art are not entirely satisfactory, and their performance is likely to be improved in particular with regard to: - the qualities of use after mixing with the oxidizing composition, especially in terms of texture, ease of application, ease of spreading on the tips; the dyeing and / or lightening qualities, especially in terms of intensity, homogeneity and selectivity of the coloration and / or lightening obtained; the conditioning and care qualities of the hair, particularly in terms of softness, suppleness of colored hair, volume and ease of disentangling thereof. In addition, the amount of surfactants to be used is generally directly proportional to the fat content to obtain a stable emulsion.

Thus, the increase in the fat content runs up against the notion of a maximum amount of surfactants acceptable for this type of formulation. The Applicant has now discovered that the use of two compositions, one (A) multiphasic and comprising an aqueous phase which comprises water and one or more alkaline agents on the one hand and an oily phase which comprises one or more liquid fatty substances on the other hand, and the other oxidizing composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents, made it possible to obtain an oxidation and / or lightening coloration of the keratinous fibers, making it possible to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above. before, and having improved properties. The subject of the present invention is therefore a process for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratin fibers, comprising the application to said fibers of two compositions: a multiphasic composition (A) comprising: (i) an aqueous phase comprising water and one or more alkaline agents; (ii) an oily phase comprising one or more fatty substances which are liquid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure; the phases of the composition (A) being macroscopically separated; and an oxidizing composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents.

The oxidation dyeing and / or lightening process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain very good qualities of use, and in particular when the two compositions are mixed before application to the keratin fibers a texture of the composition particularly nice finish. In addition, this final composition is easy to spread and distribute on the locks of hair. When the process is used for the oxidation dyeing or the direct lightening of the keratin fibers, it makes it possible to obtain superior coloring qualities, especially in terms of intensity, homogeneity and selectivity of the coloration obtained. When the process is used for the lightening of keratinous fibers, it makes it possible to obtain higher hair lightening qualities, especially in terms of homogeneity and selectivity of the shade thus obtained. Finally, the process according to the invention provides good care and improved conditioning to keratinous fibers. Most preferably, another object of the invention is a multiphase composition comprising: (i) an aqueous phase comprising water and one or more alkaline agents; (ii) an oily phase comprising one or more fatty substances which are liquid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure; the phases of the multiphase composition being macroscopically separated. This composition is particularly suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention. This composition corresponds to the composition (A) used in the process of the invention. These two compositions will therefore be described below together. Therefore, the subject of the invention is also the composition as defined above.

Finally, the subject of the invention is a kit for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratinous fibers comprising at least two compartments which contain: a multiphase composition (A) according to the invention; an oxidizing composition (B) as described in the present application. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow.

The composition (A) that can be used in the process according to the invention is multiphasic. By "multiphasic" is meant according to the present invention a composition having two or more phases of two phases, and preferably two phases.

The phases of the composition (A) that can be used according to the present invention are macroscopically separated. By "macroscopically separated" is meant that the two phases are visually distinct, and are separated by a single continuous interface. In particular, one of the two phases is not dispersed in the other as is the case for emulsions. According to an advantageous embodiment, the aqueous phase and the oily phase of the composition (A) used according to the invention are of different colors. They are easily identifiable. As indicated above, the composition (A) that can be used according to the invention comprises an aqueous phase. Said aqueous phase of the multiphase composition (A) of the process of the invention comprises one or more alkaline agents. The alkaline agent (s) are in particular chosen from ammonia; alkali carbonates or bicarbonates; organic amines whose pKb at 25 ° C is less than 12, and in particular less than 10, more preferably less than 6; among the salts of the amines mentioned above with acids such as carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid; and their mixtures. The pKb, cited above, corresponds to the highest basicity function.

Preferably, the amines are chosen from alkanolamines, comprising in particular a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, and one or more linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl groups carrying one or more hydroxyl radicals; among the oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, among the amino acids and compounds of the following formula: ## STR1 ## in which W is a C 1 -C 6 alkylene radical optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group or an alkyl radical; C 1 -C 6; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6 aminoalkyl radical. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the alkaline agent (s) are chosen from ammonia, alkanolamines, basic amino acids, and more advantageously from ammonia, alkanolamines, such as monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof. Advantageously, the alkali agent (s) represent (s) from 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, and in particular from 1 to 7% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition (A). The pH of the composition (A) that can be used according to the invention can vary from 1.5 to 12, preferably from 3 to 11, and in particular from 8 to 11.

Preferably, the water present in the composition (A) which can be used according to the invention represents from 5 to 80% by weight, preferably from 20 to 70% by weight, and in particular from 30 to 60% by weight, by weight. relative to the total weight of the composition (A). As has been mentioned, the composition (A) that can be used according to the invention comprises one or more fatty substances that are liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg or 1,013.105 Pa). These liquid fats are generally called oils.

By "fatty substance" is meant an organic compound which is insoluble in water at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg or 1.013 × 10 5 Pa) (solubility less than 5% by weight, and preferably less than 1% by weight, more preferably less than 0.1% by weight). They have in their structure at least one hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 6 carbon atoms or a chain of at least two siloxane groups. In addition, the fatty substances are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, such as, for example, chloroform, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, ethanol, benzene, toluene, tetrahydrofuran ( THF), petrolatum oil or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. The fatty substances of the invention do not contain salified carboxylic acid groups. In particular, the fatty substances of the invention are not (poly) oxyalkylenated or (poly) glycerolated ethers. By "oil" is meant a "fat" which is liquid at room temperature (25 ° C), and at atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg or 1,013.105 Pa). The term "non-silicone oil or non-fatty substance" means an oil or a fatty substance not containing Si-O bonds and a "silicone oil or fatty substance" an oil or a fatty substance containing at least one Si-O bond.

The fatty substances that may be used in the present invention may especially be chosen from C 6 -C 16 liquid hydrocarbons, liquid hydrocarbons comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, non-silicone oils of animal origin, triglyceride type oils of vegetable origin. or synthetic, fluorinated oils, liquid fatty alcohols, liquid esters of fatty acids and / or fatty alcohol different from triglycerides, silicone oils, and mixtures thereof. It is recalled that the alcohols, esters and fatty acids more particularly have at least one hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising 6 to 30, more preferably 8 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, in particular by one or several hydroxyl groups (in particular 1 to 4). If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. As regards the C6-C16 liquid hydrocarbons, the latter are linear, branched, optionally cyclic and preferably are alkanes. By way of example, mention may be made of hexane, cyclohexane, undecane, dodecane, isododecane, tridecane, isoparaffins such as isohexadecane and isodecane, and mixtures thereof. The linear or branched hydrocarbons, of mineral or synthetic origin, comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, are preferably chosen from paraffin or petrolatum oils, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as Parleam®, and mixtures thereof. As hydrocarbon oils of animal origin, mention may be made of perhydrosqualene. Triglyceride oils of vegetable or synthetic origin are preferably chosen from liquid triglycerides of fatty acids containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, for instance triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acids, or else, for example, sunflower or corn oils. , soya, squash, grape seed, sesame, hazelnut, apricot, macadamia, arara, sunflower, castor oil, avocado, triglycerides of caprylic / capric acids such as those sold by Stearineries Dubois or those sold under the names Miglyol® 810, 812 and 818 by Dynamit Nobel, jojoba oil, shea butter oil, and mixtures thereof. As regards the fluorinated oils, these may be chosen from perfluoromethylcyclopentane and perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, sold under the names "FLUTEC® PC1" and "FLUTEC® PC3" by BNFL Fluorochemicals; perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane; perfluoroalkanes such as dodecafluoropentane and tetradecafluorohexane, sold under the names "PF 5050®" and "PF 5060®" by the company 3M, or bromoperfluorooctyl sold under the name "Foralkyl®" by the company Atochem; nonafluoromethoxybutane and nonafluoroethoxyisobutane; perfluoromorpholine derivatives, such as 4-trifluoromethyl perfluoromorpholine sold under the name "PF 5052®" by the company 3M. The liquid fatty alcohols that are suitable for carrying out the invention are more particularly chosen from linear or branched saturated or unsaturated alcohols containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. There may be mentioned for example octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol, isostearyl alcohol, oleic alcohol, linolenic alcohol, ricinoleic alcohol, undecylenic alcohol or the like. linoleic alcohol, and mixtures thereof. As regards the liquid esters of fatty acids and / or fatty alcohols, different from the previously mentioned triglycerides; mention may be made especially of saturated or unsaturated, linear C 1 -C 26 or branched C 3 -C 26 aliphatic or monohydric aliphatic esters and saturated or unsaturated, linear C 1 -C 26 or branched C 3 -C 26 aliphatic or monohydric alcohols or alcohols; total carbon of the esters being greater than or equal to 6, more preferably greater than or equal to 10. Preferably, for the monoalcohol esters, at least one of the alcohol or the acid from which the esters of the the invention is branched. Among the monoesters, mention may be made of dihydroabiethyl behenate; octyldodecyl behenate; isoketyl behenate; isostearyl lactate; lauryl lactate; linoleyl lactate; oleyl lactate; isostearyl octanoate; isocetyl octanoate; octyl octanoate; decyl oleate; isocetyl isostearate; isocetyl laurate; isocetyl stearate; isodecyl octanoate; isodecyl oleate; isononyl isononanoate; isostearyl palmitate; methyl ricinoleate acetyl; octyl isononanoate; 2-ethylhexyl isononate; octyldodecyl erucate; oleyl erucate; ethyl and isopropyl palmitates, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such as 2-octyldodecyl isopropyl myristate, isobutyl stearate; 2-hexyldecyl laurate, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, among monoesters of monoacids and monoalcohols, use will be made of ethyl and isopropyl palmitates, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl or ethyl myristate, isocetyl stearate, isononanoate and ethyl-2-hexyl, isodecyl neopentanoate, and isostearyl neopentanoate, and mixtures thereof. Still in the context of this variant, it is also possible to use esters of C 4 -C 22 di or tricarboxylic acids and of C 1 -C 22 alcohols and esters of mono di or tricarboxylic acids and di, tri, alcohols. C2-C26 tetra or pentahydroxy.

These include: diethyl sebacate; diisopropyl sebacate; diisopropyl adipate; di-propyl adipate; dioctyl adipate; diisostearyl adipate; dioctyl maleate; glyceryl undecylenate; octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate; pentaerythrityl monoricinoleate; pentaerythrityl tetraisononanoate; pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate; pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate; pentaerythrityl tetraoctanoate; propylene glycol dicaprylate; propylene glycol dicaprate, tridecyl erucate; triisopropyl citrate; triisotearyl citrate; glyceryl trilactate; glyceryl trioctanoate; trioctyldodecyl citrate; trioleyl citrate, propylene glycol dioctanoate; neopentyl glycol diheptanoate; diethylene glycol diisanonate; and polyethylene glycol distearates, and mixtures thereof. The composition may also comprise, as fatty ester, esters and diesters of C 6 -C 30, preferably C 12 -C 22, fatty acid sugars. It is recalled that "sugar" is understood to mean oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds which have several alcohol functions, with or without an aldehyde or ketone function, and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Suitable sugars include, for example, sucrose (or sucrose), glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, and their derivatives. especially alkyls, such as methyl derivatives such as methylglucose. The esters of sugars and fatty acids may be chosen in particular from the group comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars described above and of C 6 -C 30, preferably C 12 -C 22 fatty acids, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated. If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. The esters according to this variant may also be chosen from mono-, di-, tri- and tetraesters, polyesters and mixtures thereof. These esters may be for example oleate, laurate, palmitate, myristate, behenate, cocoate, stearate, linoleate, linolenate, caprate, arachidonates, or mixtures thereof, such as, in particular, the mixed oleo-palmitate, oleostearate and palmito-stearate esters. More particularly, mono- and di-esters, and especially mono- or dioleate, stearate, behenate, oleopalmitate, linoleate, linolenate, oleostearate, sucrose, glucose or methylglucose, and mixtures thereof are used.

By way of example, mention may be made of the product sold under the name Glucate® DO by the company Amerchol, which is a methylglucose dioleate. Preferably, a liquid monoacid and monoalcohol ester will be used.

The silicones of the composition (A) that can be used according to the present invention are volatile or cyclic, linear or branched, volatile or non-organic volatile silicones with a viscosity of 5 × 10 -6 to 2.5 m 2 / s. at 25 ° C, and preferably 1.10-5 to 1 m2 / s.

The silicones that can be used in accordance with the invention are in the form of oils. Preferably, the silicone is chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, especially polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), and liquid polyorganosiloxanes comprising at least one aryl group. These silicones can also be organomodified. The organomodified silicones that can be used in accordance with the invention are liquid silicones as defined above and comprising in their structure one or more organofunctional groups attached via a hydrocarbon-based group, for example chosen from amino groups and alkoxy groups. Organopolysiloxanes are further defined in Walter NOLL's "Chemistry and Technology of Silicones" (1968), Academie Press. They can be volatile or nonvolatile. When they are volatile, the silicones are more particularly chosen from those having a boiling point of between 60 ° C. and 260 ° C., and even more particularly from: (i) cyclic polydialkylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 7, preferably from 4 to 5 silicon atoms. It is, for example, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane sold in particular under the name VOLATILE SILICONE® 7207 by UNION CARBIDE or SILBIONE® 70045 V2 by RHODIA, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane marketed under the name VOLATILE SILICONE® 7158 by UNION CARBIDE, and SILBIONE ® 70045 V5 by RHODIA, as well as their mixtures. Mention may also be made of cyclocopolymers of the dimethylsiloxane / methylalkylsiloxane type, such as the VOLATILE® SILICONE FZ 3109 marketed by UNION CARBIDE. Cyclic polydialkylsiloxane mixtures may also be mentioned with organic compounds derived from silicon, such as the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetramethylsilylpentaerythritol (50/50) and the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and oxy-1,1 '- (hexa) -2,2,2 ', 2', 3,3'-trimethylsilyloxy) bis-neopentane; (ii) linear volatile polydialkylsiloxanes having 2 to 9 silicon atoms and having a viscosity of less than or equal to 5.10-6 m 2 / s at 25 ° C. It is, for example, decamethyltetrasiloxane marketed in particular under the name "SH 200 "by the company TORAY SILICONE. Silicones included in this class are also described in the article published in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91, Jan. 76, p. 27-32 - TODD & BYERS "Volatile Silicone fluids for cosmetics". Non-volatile polydialkylsiloxanes are preferably used. These silicones are more particularly chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, among which may be mentioned mainly polydimethylsiloxanes with trimethylsilyl end groups. The viscosity of the silicones is measured at 25 ° C. according to the ASTM 445 Appendix C standard. Among these polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may be made, without limitation, of the following commercial products: SILBIONE® oils of the 47 and 70 047 series or the MIRASIL® oils marketed by RHODIA, such as, for example, 70 047 V 500 000; the oils of the MIRASIL® series marketed by RHODIA; the oils of the 200 series of Dow Corning, such as DC200 having a viscosity of 60,000 mm 2 / s; - VISCASIL® oils from GENERAL ELECTRIC and some oils from SF series (SF 96, SF 18) from GENERAL ELECTRIC. Mention may also be made of polydimethylsiloxane dimethylsilanol end groups known under the name of dimethiconol (CTFA), such as the oils of the 48 series from Rhodia. The organomodified silicones that may be used according to the invention are silicones as defined above and comprising in their structure one or more organofunctional groups attached via a hydrocarbon-based group. As regards the liquid polyorganosiloxanes comprising at least one aryl group, they may in particular be polydiphenylsiloxanes, and polyalkylarylsiloxanes functionalized with the organofunctional groups mentioned above. The polyalkylarylsiloxanes are particularly chosen from polydimethyl / methylphenylsiloxane s, linear and / or branched polydimethyl / diphenylsiloxanes with a viscosity ranging from 1 × 10 -5 to 5 × 10 -2 m 2 / s at 25 ° C. Among these polyalkylarylsiloxanes include by way of example the products sold under the following names: - SILBIONE® oils of the 70 641 series RHODIA; - the RHODORSIL® 70 633 and 763 RHODIA series of oils; - DOW CORNING 556 COSMETIC GRAD FLUID oil from Dow Corning; the silicones of the PK series of BAYER, such as the product PK20; the silicones of the PN, PH series of BAYER, such as the PN1000 and PH1000 products; - some oils of the SF series of GENERAL ELECTRIC such as SF 1023, SF 1154, SF 1250, SF 1265.

Among the organomodified silicones, mention may be made of polyorganosiloxanes comprising: substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, such as the products sold under the name GP 4 Silicone Fluid and GP 7100 by the company Genesee, or the products sold under the names Q2 8220 and DOW CORNING 929 or 939 by Dow Corning. The substituted amino groups are, in particular, C1-C4 aminoalkyl groups; alkoxylated groups; hydroxyl groups.

Preferably, the liquid fatty substances according to the invention are non-silicones. The liquid fatty substances are advantageously chosen from C 6 -C 16 liquid alkanes, liquid hydrocarbons comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, vegetable oils of the triglyceride type, liquid synthetic triglycerides, liquid fatty alcohols, liquid acid esters. fatty and / or different fatty alcohol triglycerides, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the liquid fatty substances are chosen from petrolatum or paraffin oils, C6-C16 liquid alkanes, polydecenes, liquid fatty acid and / or fatty alcohol esters other than triglycerides, and fatty alcohols. liquid or mixtures thereof, and even more preferably from petroleum jelly or liquid paraffin, C6-C16 liquid alkanes, liquid fatty alcohols, polydecenes, and mixtures thereof. Even more preferentially, the liquid fatty substances are chosen from vaseline or paraffin oils and octyldodecanol, and in particular, the liquid fatty substance or fats are chosen from petrolatum and paraffin oils.

In general, the liquid fatty substance or fats can represent from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 30 to 70% by weight, and in particular from 40 to 60% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition ( AT). In a particularly preferred manner, the composition (A) according to the invention contains little or no surfactants. According to one embodiment, the amount of surfactants is such that the composition (A) according to the invention is non-emulsified. According to one embodiment, the composition (A) comprises less than 0.5% by weight of surfactant (s), more preferably less than 0.1% by weight, relative to its total weight. The multiphasic composition (A) that can be used according to the invention may also comprise one or more oxidation dyes.

These may be present in the aqueous phase and / or in the oily phase. Preferably, they are present in the aqueous phase. The oxidation dyes that can be used in the present invention are generally chosen from oxidation bases, optionally combined with one or more couplers. Preferably, the oxidation dye (s) comprise one or more oxidation bases. The oxidation bases may in particular be chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their addition salts. Among the para-phenylenediamines, there may be mentioned, for example, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine and 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine. 2,5-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-diethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-dipropyl paraphenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-diethyl-3-methylaniline, N N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 4-N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-methyl aniline, 4-N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-chloroaniline, 2-13-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, N - ((3-hydroxypropyl) para-phenylenediamine, 2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl 3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N- (ethyl, (3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, N - ((3,7-dihydroxypro pyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- (4'-aminophenyl) paraphenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-P-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2-P-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, N - ((3-methoxyethyl) para-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenylpyrrolidine, 2-thienyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-3-hydroxyethylamino-5-amino toluene, 3-hydroxy-1- (4'-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine and their addition salts with an acid. Of the paraphenylenediamines mentioned above, paraphenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-isopropyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-P-hydroxyethyloxy paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-P-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts are particularly Among the bis-phenylalkylenediamines, for example, N-P-bis- ((3-hydroxyethyl) -N, M-bis (4'-aminophenyl) -1,3-diaminopropanol may be mentioned. N, N-bis ((3-hydroxyethyl) -N, NLbis- (4'-aminophenyl) ethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N-P-bis- ( (3-hydroxyethyl) -N, NLbis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (4-methylaminophenyl) tetramate thylenediamine, N, N-bis- (ethyl) -N, NLbis- (4'-amino, 3'-methylphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1,8-bis (2,5-diaminophenoxy) -3,6- dioxaoctane, and their addition salts. Among the para-aminophenols, para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluoro phenol, 4-amino-3-chlorophenol, 4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2 - ((3-hydroxyethylaminomethyl) phenol, 4-amino-2-fluoro phenol, and their addition salts with an acid Among the ortho-aminophenols, there may be mentioned by way of example 2-amino phenol, 2-amino-5-methyl phenol, 2-amino-6-methyl phenol, 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their addition salts. mention may be made, for example, of pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.

Among the pyridine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described for example in patents GB 1 026 978 and GB 1 153 196, such as 2,5-diaminopyridine, 2- (4-methoxyphenyl) -amino-3-amino pyridine 3,4-diamino pyridine, and their addition salts.

Other pyridinic oxidation bases useful in the present invention are the 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine oxidation bases or their addition salts described for example in the patent application FR 2801308. A by way of example, mention may be made of pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-acetylamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-carboxylic acid; 2-methoxy-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamino; (3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -methanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-5-yl) -ethanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -ethanol; (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-yl) -methanol; 3,6-diaminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; 3,4-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,7-diamine 7-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,5-diamine; 5-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2 - [(3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol 2 - [(3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a]) pyridin-7-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-5-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-4-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-6-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-ol; as well as their addition salts. Among the pyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described, for example, in DE 2359399; JP 88-169571; JP 05-63124; EP 0770375 or patent application WO 96/15765 such as 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine, 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and their addition salts and tautomeric forms, when tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described in DE 3843892, DE 4133957 and patent applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2 733 749 and DE 195 43 988 as the 4.5 1-diamino-1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole, 3,4-diamino pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- (4'-chlorobenzyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenyl pyrazole, 4-amino -1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazino pyrazole, 1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5 1-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) -3-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methyl pyrazole 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1 methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4,5-di amino-3-methyl-1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4-amino-5- (2'-aminoethyl) amino-1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 1-methyl-3, 4,5-triamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino-4 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino-1-methyl pyrazole, and their salts of addition. 4-5-Diamino-1 - ((3-methoxyethyl) pyrazole may also be used, preferably a 4,5-diaminopyrazole and even more preferably 4,5-diamino-1 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) ) -pyrazole and / or one of its salts.

As pyrazole derivatives, mention may also be made of diamino N, N-dihydropyrazolopyrazolones and especially those described in application FR-A-2 886 136 such as the following compounds and their addition salts: 2,3-diamino-6 7-Dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-ethylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol -1-one, 2-amino-3-isopropylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) 6,6-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4 5-Diamino-1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-di- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3 -one, 2-amino-3- (2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-dimethylamino-6, 7-Dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2,3-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H, 6H-pyridazino [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4-amino-1,2-diethyl-5- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4-amin o-5- (3-Dimethylamino-pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2,3-diamino-6-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro- 1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one. It will be preferred to use 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one and / or a salt thereof. As heterocyclic bases, 4,5-diamino-1- (13-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] will be used preferentially. The oxidation dye (s) may also comprise one or more couplers, which may be chosen from those conventionally used for dyeing keratinous fibers. meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts, for example 1,3-dihydroxy benzene, 1,3 dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1 - ((3-hydroxyethyloxy) benzene, 2-amino-4 - ((3-hydroxyethylamino)) 1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diamino benzene, 1,3-bis (2,4-diaminophenoxy) propane, 3-ureido aniline, 3-ureido-1-dimethylamino benzene, ses amol, 1-β-hydroxyethylamino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, α-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol, 6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methyl indole, 2-amino-3-hydroxy pyridine, 6-hydroxybenzomorpholine, 3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine, 1-N-O-hydroxyethyl) amino-3,4-methylene dioxybenzene, 2,6-bis (3-hydroxyethylamino) toluene, 6-hydroxy indoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl pyridine, 1-H-3-methyl pyrazole 5-one, 1-phenyl 3-methyl pyrazole -one, 2,6-dimethyl pyrazolo [1,5-b] -1,2,4-triazole, 2,6-dimethyl- [3,2-c] -1,2,4-triazole, 6-methyl pyrazolo [1,5-a] benzimidazole, their addition salts with an acid, and mixtures thereof. In general, the addition salts of the oxidation bases and couplers that can be used in the context of the invention are chosen especially from the addition salts with an acid such as hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulfonates, phosphates and acetates.

The at least one oxidation dye may represent from 0.001 to 2% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight, and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the oxidation dye. the composition (A). The multiphasic composition (A) may further comprise one or more direct dyes. By direct dye is meant any dye capable of coloring keratinous fibers without the compulsory use of a chemical oxidant other than oxygen in the air. These may be present in the aqueous phase and / or in the oily phase. Preferably, they are present in the aqueous phase. By way of example of particularly suitable direct dyes, mention may be made of the nitro dyes of the benzene series; azo direct dyes; azomethines; methinic; azacarbocyanines such as tetraazacarbocyanines (tetraazapentamethines); quinone direct dyes and in particular anthraquinone, naphthoquinone or benzoquinone dyes; direct azine dyes; xanthenics; triarylmethanics; indoamines; indigoids; phthalocyanines, porphyrins and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. In particular, mention may be made of azo direct dyes; methinic; carbonyls; azinic; nitro (hetero) aryl; tri- (hetero) aryl methanes; porphyrins; phthalocyanines and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures.

The direct dye (s) may represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition (A). As described above, the oxidizing composition (B) that can be used according to the invention comprises one or more oxidizing agents. Advantageously, the oxidizing agent (s) used in the context of the invention are chemical oxidizing agents that are different from the oxygen in the air. The at least one oxidizing agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts such as, for example, persulfates, perborates, peracids and their salts. precursors and percarbonates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals and more particularly, hydrogen peroxide.

The oxidizing agent (s) may represent from 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight, and in particular from 1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the oxidizing composition (B). . The oxidizing composition (B) may further comprise one or more alkaline agents such as those mentioned above for the composition (A). The pH of the oxidizing composition (B) according to the invention may vary from 1.5 to 9, preferably from 1.5 to 7, and in particular from 2 to 4. The pH of the oxidizing composition (B) may be adjusted by addition of acidifying agents such as hydrochloric acid, (ortho) phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid, as well as carboxylic acids such as, for example, acetic acid, lactic acid, , citric acid, or sulfonic acids. Preferably the oxidizing composition (B) comprises neither oxidation dyes nor direct dyes. The multiphasic composition (A) and / or the oxidizing composition (B) according to the invention may also comprise one or more cosmetic adjuvants.

For example, they may comprise one or more conventional additives, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric polymers, or mixtures thereof, anti-hair loss agents, solid fatty substances, vitamins and pro-vitamins including panthenol, solar, inorganic or organic pigments, sequestering agents, plasticizers, solubilizing agents, mineral or organic thickeners, especially polymeric thickeners, opacifying agents, antioxidants, hydroxyacids, pearlescent agents, perfumes and preservatives. Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these optional complementary compounds in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the cosmetic composition according to the invention are not, or not substantially, impaired by the addition or additions. considered. The above additives may be generally present in an amount for each of them between 0 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of each composition (A) and / or (B) containing them.

Preferably, the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening process according to the invention comprises a step of stirring, for example manually, the multiphase composition (A) just before its application to the keratinous fibers. The application of the composition (A) is then carried out immediately as long as the composition (A) is not in macroscopically separated form. In a first variant of the above process, after manual stirring of the composition (A) according to the invention, it is mixed at the time of use with the oxidizing composition (B) according to the invention, and then the mixture resulting is immediately applied to the keratin fibers. In a second variant of the above method, after manual stirring of the composition (A) according to the invention, it is applied to the keratinous fibers before or after the oxidizing composition (B) according to the invention.

The process can be repeated several times in order to obtain the desired coloration and / or lightening. The previously described compositions are applied to dry or moist keratin fibers.

The compositions are usually left in place on the fibers for a period generally ranging from 1 minute to 1 hour, preferably from 5 minutes to 30 minutes. The temperature during the process is typically between 20 ° C and 80 ° C, preferably between 20 ° C and 60 ° C.

At the end of the treatment, the keratinous fibers are advantageously rinsed with water. They can optionally be washed with a shampoo followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or allowed to dry. The subject of the invention is also a cosmetic composition in at least two parts, intended for the coloration and / or lightening of keratin fibers, and which comprises: a multiphasic composition (A) as described above, and an oxidizing composition (B) as described above.

Finally, the subject of the invention is also a multi-compartment device, or kit for staining and / or lightening keratinous fibers, comprising at least two compartments: a first compartment containing a composition (A) as described hereinabove; before; and a second compartment containing an oxidizing composition (B) as described above. According to a variant of the invention, the kit further comprises an additional compartment enclosing an additional composition comprising one or more treating agents.

The compositions of the kit are packaged in separate compartments, which may be accompanied, optionally, appropriate, identical or different application means, such as brushes, brushes, sponges.

The kit mentioned above can also be equipped with a means for delivering the desired mixture onto the hair, such as, for example, the device described in patent FR 2 586 913.

The following examples are given purely by way of illustration of the present invention. EXAMPLES Example 1 Composition for Hair Oxidation Staining Preparation of the Compositions The following compositions were prepared from the ingredients indicated in the tables below (in which the contents are indicated in gram of active material): Composition (A) Comparative Invention Pure monoethanolamine 4.2 4.2 Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid 0.2 0.2 1-P-hydroxyethyloxy-2,4-diamino-0.1 0.1 benzene dihydrochloride 1,4-diaminobenzene 0.045 0.045 Vaseline oil 50 50 Hydroxyethylcellulose 0,1 0,1 (MW: 1,300,000) Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid in 0,1 0,1 fine powder) Oleic alcohol 20 OE - 4 Deionized water microbiologically 45,255 41,255 clean Oxidizing composition (B) Amount (in g) Hydrogen peroxide (in 50% solution by weight - 200 volumes) Deionized water 88 The aqueous phase of the composition (A) according to the invention is prepared by mixing monoethanolamine, ethylene diamine tetrac acid tick, 1-P-hydroxyethyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diaminobenzene, hydroxyethylcellulose and vitamin C. The pH of the aqueous phase is left native. Vaseline oil is then added, so as to obtain a biphasic composition. The composition (A) according to the invention obtained comprises two macroscopically well separated phases. After manual stirring, the multiphasic composition (A) according to the invention is visually homogeneous and opalescent, then returns to a state where the phases are macroscopically separated in less than half an hour. The comparative composition (A) is prepared by mixing all the ingredients. The comparative composition (A) has a homogeneous appearance, of white appearance and fluid like a milk. Composition (B) was prepared by mixing hydrogen peroxide in deionized water.

The pH of the above compositions is left native. Protocol for Applying the Compositions and Result The biphasic composition (A) according to the invention is stirred manually until a homogeneous visual appearance is obtained. The compositions (A) are then each mixed with the oxidizing composition (B) in a proportion of 1 to 1 by weight. The pH of these two mixtures is 9.75 (± 0.15).

The two mixtures thus obtained are then applied to strands of 100% white natural hair of the Caucasian type permed, at the rate of 10 g of composition per gram of lock. The mixtures are left on the wicks for 10 minutes on a heating plate set at 27 ° C, after which the locks are rinsed until the rinsing water is clear, then washed with shampoo. Finally, the locks are dried under a helmet at 40 ° C. Hair coloring is evaluated in the L * a * b * system system with a MINOLTA CM2002® spectrophotometer. In this system, L * represents the intensity, the lower the value of L *, the more intense the coloration obtained. The chromaticity is measured by the values a * and b *, a * represents the red / green axis and b * the axis j alne / blue The chromaticity AC is determined by means of the following formula: AC = V (Aa * ) 2 + (Ab *) 2 The selectivity AE is determined by means of the following formula: AE = V (AL *) 2 + (Aa *) 2 + (Ab *) 2 With the composition illustrating the invention and the composition Comparative, the following results are obtained: L * b * AE AC Reference 75.0 2.5 23.2 - - Comparative 50.8 19.7 13.6 31.2 19.7 Invention 52.2 19.4 9.7 31.4 21.6 The composition according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a coloration of the hair which is very satisfactory visually, whether on natural or permed white hair, by bringing a more neutral coloration (a * identical and b * significantly closer to 0 than the reference). Moreover, without degradation of the coloring properties, the process of the invention makes it possible to apply fluid compositions that are easier to apply.

The mixture of the invention with the oxidant is easier because the end of mixing signal is made more visible (obtaining an oil in seconds with mechanical agitation). In addition, the composition provides a care effect to the hair because the oil present which is not associated with surfactants is not removed from the hair at the time of rinsing. The method of the invention therefore makes it possible in particular to provide a more effective care effect than that obtained with compositions in emulsion form. EXAMPLE 2 Cosmetic Lightening Composition The following composition (A) and the oxidizing composition (B) were prepared from the ingredients indicated in the table below (in which the contents are indicated in gram of active material). Composition (A) Amount (in g) Pure monoethanolamine 4.2 Ethylene diamine tetracetic acid 0.2 Vaseline oil 50 Hydroxyethylcellulose (MW: 1 300 000) 0.1 Vitamin C (fine powder) 0.1 Microbiologically clean deionized water 45 , 4 Oxidizing composition (B) Quantity (in g) Pentasodium salt of diethylene triamine acid 0.15 pentacetic (in aqueous solution at 40% by weight) Hydrogen peroxide (in 50% solution by weight) Sodium hexahydroxostannate 0.04 Tetra-sodium pyrophosphate 10 H 2 O 0.03 Petrolatum oil Poly "(dimethyliminio) -1,3-0,25 propanediyl (dimethyliminio) -1,6-hexanediyl dichloride" (in 60% aqueous solution) Poly-methyl di-allyl ammonium chloride (in 40% aqueous solution, unstabilised) Deionized water 54.13 Glycerol 0.5 Cetylstearyl alcohol (C16 / C18 30/70) 6 Oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol (20 0E ) Oxyethylenated (40E) protected rapeseed acid amide Vitamin E: DL-α-tocopherol 0.1 Composition (A) ) was prepared in the same manner as for Example 1. The composition (A) according to Example 2 obtained has two macroscopically well separated phases. After manual stirring, the multiphase composition (A) is visually homogeneous and opalescent, and then returns to a state where the phases are macroscopically separated in less than half an hour. The oxidizing composition (B) was prepared by mixing the ingredients. The multiphasic composition (A) and the oxidizing composition (B) according to Example 2 are applied as a mixture (1/1 by weight) in the same manner as in Example 1 on locks of Caucasian hair pigmented with chestnut, at the rate of 10 g of mixture per gram of wick. The composition makes it possible to obtain a lightening of the hair which is very satisfactory visually.

In addition, the composition provides a care effect to the hair.

Claims (18)

REVENDICATIONS1. A process for the oxidation dyeing and / or lightening of keratinous fibers comprising the application on said fibers of two compositions: - a composition (A) multiphasic comprising: (i) an aqueous phase comprising water and one or more alkaline agents; (ii) an oily phase comprising one or more fatty substances which are liquid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure; the phases of the composition (A) being macroscopically separated; and an oxidizing composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkaline agent (s) are chosen from ammonia; alkali carbonates or bicarbonates; organic amines whose pKb at 25 ° C. is less than 12, preferably chosen from alkanolamines, comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine functional group, and one or more linear or branched C 1 -C 8 alkyl groups carrying one or more hydroxyl radicals, among the oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, among the amino acids and compounds of the following formula: ## STR1 ## in which W is a C 1 -C 6 alkylene radical optionally substituted with a group hydroxyl or a C1-C6 alkyl radical; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6 aminoalkyl radical. 3. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkaline agent or agents represent from 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, and in particular from 1 to 7% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition (A). 4. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water represents from 5 to 80% by weight, preferably from 20 to 70% by weight, and in particular from 30 to 60% by weight, by weight. relative to the total weight of the composition (A). 5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more said liquid fatty substances are chosen from C 6 -C 16 liquid hydrocarbons, liquid hydrocarbons comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, and non-silicone oils. animal origin, triglyceride-type oils of vegetable or synthetic origin, fluorinated oils, liquid fatty alcohols, liquid fatty acid esters and / or fatty alcohol esters other than triglycerides, silicone oils, and mixtures thereof and preferably from petrolatum or paraffin oils, C6-C16 liquid alkanes, liquid fatty alcohols, polydecenes, and mixtures thereof. 6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more said liquid fatty substances represent from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 30 to 70% by weight, and in particular from 40 to 60% by weight. weight, relative to the total weight of the composition (A). 7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition (A) contains less than 0.5% by weight of surfactant (s), more preferably less than 0.1% by weight, in relation to its total weight. 8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition (A) further comprises one or more oxidation dyes. 9. Process according to claim 8, characterized in that the one or more oxidation dyes comprise one or more oxidation bases, preferably chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols and bases. heterocyclic compounds and their addition salts. 10. Process according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the oxidation dye or dyes represent from 0.001 to 2% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight, and in particular from 0.1 to 1% by weight. 0.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition (A). 11. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidizing agent (s) is (are) chosen from the group formed by hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, and salts thereof. peroxygenated, and preferably is hydrogen peroxide. 12. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidizing agent or agents represent from 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight, and in particular from 1 to 10%. by weight, relative to the total weight of the oxidizing composition (B). 13. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of manually stirring the multiphase composition (A) just before application thereof on the keratinous fibers. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein, after manual stirring of the multiphasic composition (A), it is mixed at the time of use with the oxidizing composition (B), then the resulting mixture is immediately applied to the keratinous fibers. 15. A multiphase composition comprising: (i) an aqueous phase comprising water and one or more alkaline agents; (ii) an oily phase comprising one or more fatty substances which are liquid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure; the phases of the composition being macroscopically separated. 16. Composition according to claim 15, characterized in that its ingredients are as defined in any one of claims 2 to 10. 17. Cosmetic composition in at least two parts, intended for the coloration and / or lightening of keratin fibers, and which comprises: a multiphase composition (A) as defined in any one of Claims 15 and 16, and an oxidizing composition (B) as defined in any one of claims 1, 11 and 12. 18. Multi-compartment device, or kit for staining and / or lightening keratin fibers, comprising at least two compartments: a first compartment containing a composition (A) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10; ; and a second compartment containing an oxidizing composition (B) as described in any one of claims 1, 11 and 12.