FR3009641A1

FR3009641A1 - METHOD OF IN-LINE SCULPTING WITH A 3D DEVICE

Info

Publication number: FR3009641A1
Application number: FR1301903A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Stephanie Richard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-08-08
Filing date: 2013-08-08
Publication date: 2015-02-13

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de sculpture numérique qui enseigne à distance l'apprentissage théorique et pratique du modelage artistique que l'on réalise en relief avec un dispositif 3D en forme de stylo, avec lequel on applique une résine composite liquide à froid sans retrait. Il est constitué d'un jeu de 88 cartes virtuelles, de trois logiciels qui numérisent, qui découpent en tranches virtuelles une sculpture, qui impriment le contour de chaque tranche sur un film transparent. La première tranche est transférée puis modelée en relief avec un dispositif 3D sur un support en contreplaqué. Les tranches suivantes sont transférées et modelées les unes sur les autres selon la même technique. Le dispositif 3D se compose d'une plume (1), qui au contact avec un support, coulisse dans une buse (2). La plume déclenche automatiquement l'ouverture d'une valve sensitive (3) qui conduit la résine du réservoir (4) à l'extrémité de la plume (1). Le procédé de sculpture couplé au dispositif 3D sont, selon l'invention particulièrement destiné : à l'enseignement de la sculpture, à l'apprentissage de la réalisation de copies, au développement de la créativité artistique en trois dimensions.The invention relates to a digital sculpting method which remotely teaches the theoretical and practical learning of the artistic modeling that is carried out in relief with a 3D device in the form of a pen, with which a cold liquid composite resin without shrinkage is applied. . It consists of a set of 88 virtual cards, three software that digitize, which cut into virtual slices a sculpture, which print the outline of each slice on a transparent film. The first slice is transferred and modeled in relief with a 3D device on a plywood support. The following slices are transferred and modeled on each other using the same technique. The 3D device consists of a feather (1), which in contact with a support, slides in a nozzle (2). The pen automatically triggers the opening of a sensitive valve (3) which leads the reservoir resin (4) to the end of the pen (1). The method of sculpture coupled to the 3D device is, according to the invention particularly intended: to the teaching of sculpture, learning copy making, the development of artistic creativity in three dimensions.

Description

- La présente invention concerne un procédé de sculpture didactique numérique interactif en ligne qui enseigne l'apprentissage d'un art ancestral par le couplage de logiciels et d'un dispositif 3D avec lequel on applique une résine en relief.The present invention relates to an online interactive digital didactic sculpting method which teaches the learning of ancestral art by coupling software and a 3D device with which a resin is applied in relief.

L'apprentissage de la sculpture nécessite la maîtrise du dessin, des formes, des proportions, des volumes et des surfaces dans l'espace. Deux techniques dominent depuis toujours. La taille définitive de la matière dans un bloc solide avec des outils percutants de type marteaux utilisés avec des burins. Le sculpteur 10 enlève une partie de la matière qu'il ne peut pas remplacer, cette technique a pour inconvénients de risquer d'enlever trop de matière obligeant le sculpteur de modifier ou bien de recommencer sa sculpture. La taille ou le rajout de matière dans un bloc de pâte molle avec les doigts ou avec des outils de forme, cette technique a pour 15 inconvénients le retrait et la déformation de la sculpture à la cuisson ou bien l'apparition de fentes au séchage. Le procédé de sculpture selon l'invention permet de remédier à ces inconvénients. Il comporte en effet selon une première caractéristique un jeu de 88 cartes virtuelles, par exemple de 12 centimètres x 8 20 centimètres. Les cartes enseignent une méthodologie de visualisations spatiales de reproductions et de créations d'ceuvres d'art en trois dimensions. Trois logiciels spécifiques numérisent, découpent et restituent une sculpture selon trois axes fixes X Y Z qui convergent par le centre de gravité virtuel de la sculpture. Le premier logiciel numérise la 25 sculpture en 3D suivant X Y Z et suivant son centre de gravité virtuel V. Le deuxième logiciel découpe la sculpture suivant XY Z à partir de sa section la plus grande en tranches virtuelles dont les normales sont toutes colinéaires à la même direction de tranchage et espacées d'une distance constante. Le troisième logiciel définit le contour de chaque 30 tranche de la sculpture suivant X Y Z, il les imprimes et il les numérotes sur un film souple transparent. - 2 - Les trois axes X Y Z et le contour de la première tranche sont transférés avec le film numéro un sur un support en contreplaqué. La première tranche est modelée avec le dispositif 3D en forme de stylo avec lequel on applique une résine liquide spécifique à froid sans retrait qui polymérise rapidement à température ambiante. Le contour de la deuxième tranche est transféré sur la première tranche suivant X Y Z avec le film numéro deux. La deuxième tranche est modelée avec le dispositif 3D sur la première tranche. Les tranches suivantes sont superposées suivant leur numérotation par strates les unes sur les 10 autres jusqu'à la dernière tranche et modelées les unes sur les autres selon la même technique. Les 88 cartes sont réparties en 22 séquences de 4 cartes qui comprennent chacune une leçon recto et une leçon verso. Elles représentent les 176 leçons théoriques et pratiques du procédé de sculpture. Les 22 séquences se répartissent par thèmes de la manière 15 suivante : - séquence 1 : les chiffres et les lettres. - séquence 2 : les frises. - séquence 3: les formes géométriques. - séquence 4 : les coiffes et les tresses. 20 - séquence 5 : les profils. - séquence 6: les cheveux. - séquence 7 : les oreilles. - séquence 8: les nez. - séquence 9 : les bouches. 25 - séquence 10 : les yeux. - séquence 11: le drapé. - séquence 12 : les sceaux et la monnaie. - séquence 13 : le bas relief. - séquence 14 : le haut relief. 30 - séquence 15 : la ronde bosse. - séquence 16 : l'Égypte. - séquence 17 : la Grèce. - séquence 18 : l'Italie. - séquence 19 : le cheval. - séquence 20: les animaux. - séquence 21 : les masques et les statuettes. 5 - séquence 22 : le métal et le bois. Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation le dispositif 3D se compose de quatre éléments : - une plume qui dépose une résine spécifique sur un support en contreplaqué ou bien sur un support en résine polymérisée. 10 - une buse qui guide la plume en position ouverte et en position fermée. - une valve sensitive électromagnétique qui commande et régule automatiquement le débit du flux de la résine dans le dispositif 3D. - un réservoir dans lequel on verse de la résine liquide. Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention : 15 La figure 1 représente le transfert des trois axes X Y Z et celui du contour de la première tranche avec le film numéro un sur un support en contreplaqué, du bas relief égyptien de la leçon 3 de la séquence 7 du procédé de sculpture. La figure 2 représente le tracé en relief du contour de la première tranche 20 avec le dispositif 3D. La figure 3 représente le remplissage en relief de la première tranche avec le dispositif 3D. La figure 4 représente le transfert du contour de la deuxième tranche sur la première tranche polymérisée suivant les trois axes X Y Z avec le film 25 numéro deux et son remplissage en relief avec le dispositif 3D. La figure 5 représente les transferts des contours des cinq éléments : l'oeil, le nez, les lèvres, le menton et l'oreille selon les trois axes X Y Z avec le film numéro trois que l'on trace en relief avec le dispositif 3D. La figure 6 représente la coloration et la finition du bas relief. 30 La figure 7 représente la plume et la valve en coupe longitudinale en position ouverte à l'échelle 3.The learning of sculpture requires the mastery of drawing, shapes, proportions, volumes and surfaces in space. Two techniques have always dominated. The final size of the material in a solid block with percussive hammer-type tools used with chisels. The sculptor 10 removes some of the material that he can not replace, this technique has the drawbacks of risking the removal of too much material forcing the sculptor to modify or to redo his sculpture. The size or the addition of material in a block of soft dough with the fingers or with form tools, this technique has the drawbacks of the shrinkage and deformation of the sculpture during cooking or the appearance of slits on drying. The sculpting method according to the invention overcomes these disadvantages. It comprises in fact according to a first characteristic a set of 88 virtual cards, for example 12 centimeters x 8 20 centimeters. The maps teach a methodology of spatial visualizations of reproductions and creations of works of art in three dimensions. Three specific software digitize, cut out and restore a sculpture along three fixed X Y Z axes converging through the virtual center of gravity of the sculpture. The first software digitizes the 3D sculpture according to XYZ and its virtual center of gravity V. The second software cuts the following sculpture XY Z from its largest section into virtual slices whose normals are all collinear in the same direction slicing and spaced a constant distance. The third software defines the contour of each slice of the sculpture according to X Y Z, prints them and numbers them on a transparent flexible film. The three X Y Z axes and the outline of the first slice are transferred with the number one film onto a plywood support. The first slice is modeled with the pen-shaped 3D device with a non-shrinking cold-specific liquid resin that rapidly polymerizes at room temperature. The outline of the second slice is transferred to the first slice following X Y Z with the film number two. The second slice is modeled with the 3D device on the first slice. The following slices are superimposed according to their numbering by strata on the other 10 up to the last slice and modeled on each other according to the same technique. The 88 cards are divided into 22 sequences of 4 cards that each include a single-sided lesson and a reverse lesson. They represent the 176 theoretical and practical lessons of the sculpture process. The 22 sequences are divided into themes as follows: - Sequence 1: Numbers and letters. - sequence 2: the friezes. - sequence 3: geometric shapes. - sequence 4: the caps and the braids. Sequence 5: the profiles. - sequence 6: the hair. - sequence 7: the ears. - sequence 8: the noses. - sequence 9: the mouths. Sequence 10: the eyes. - sequence 11: the drape. - sequence 12: the seals and the currency. - sequence 13: the low relief. - sequence 14: the high relief. 30 - sequence 15: the round bump. - sequence 16: Egypt. - Sequence 17: Greece. - sequence 18: Italy. - sequence 19: the horse. sequence 20: the animals. - sequence 21: masks and statuettes. 5 - sequence 22: the metal and the wood. According to particular embodiments, the 3D device consists of four elements: a pen that deposits a specific resin on a plywood support or on a polymerized resin support. 10 - a nozzle which guides the pen in the open position and in the closed position. an electromagnetic sensitive valve which automatically controls and regulates the flow rate of the resin flow in the 3D device. a reservoir into which liquid resin is poured. The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: FIG. 1 shows the transfer of the three XYZ axes and that of the edge of the first slice with the number one film on a plywood support, of the Egyptian low relief of lesson 3 of the sequence of the sculpture process. FIG. 2 shows the outline of the outline of the first slice 20 with the 3D device. Figure 3 shows the relief filling of the first slice with the 3D device. FIG. 4 shows the transfer of the contour of the second wafer to the first wafer polymerized along the three X Y Z axes with the number two film and its relief filling with the 3D device. FIG. 5 represents the transfers of the contours of the five elements: the eye, the nose, the lips, the chin and the ear along the three axes X Y Z with the film number three which is drawn in relief with the 3D device. Figure 6 shows the coloring and finishing of the low relief. Figure 7 shows the pen and the valve in longitudinal section in the open position at scale 3.

La figure 8 représente la plume et la valve en perspective en demi coupe AB à l'échelle 3 et les trois joints (7) (8) (9) à l'échelle 6. La figure 9 est une vue en coupe de la buse (2) de la partie fixe de la valve (3F) de la partie mobile de la valve (3M) du joint torique (9) de la 5 plume (1) et de la lumière (6) à l'échelle 3 en vue éclatée. La figure 10 représente la plume (1), la buse (2), la valve (3) et le réservoir (4) en coupe longitudinale en position fermée à l'échelle 3. En référence à ces dessins, le dispositif 3D comporte une plume (1) qui au contact avec la surface à sculpter coulisse dans la buse (2). La 10 plume déclenche automatiquement l'ouverture de la valve sensitive (3). La résine contenue dans le réservoir (4) descend par gravité jusqu'à la base de la valve sensitive (3), elle passe simultanément par les trois canaux obliques (Cl) (C2) (C3) qui sont situés dans la partie inférieure de la valve. Les trois canaux sont positionnés à 120° l'un de l'autre, ils 15 alimentent en résine la lumière (6) qui alimente l'extrémité de la plume (1) qui permet à la résine de sortir du dispositif 3D et de se fixer sur le support. Dès que le contact de la plume avec la surface à sculpter est interrompu, sous la poussée électromagnétique de la bague (3M), la lumière (6) s'obture automatiquement et la résine cesse de s'écouler.FIG. 8 shows the pen and the perspective valve in half-section AB at scale 3 and the three seals (7) (8) (9) at scale 6. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the nozzle (2) of the fixed portion of the valve (3F) of the movable portion of the valve (3M) of the O-ring (9) of the feather (1) and the light (6) at scale 3 in view exploded. FIG. 10 shows the pen (1), the nozzle (2), the valve (3) and the reservoir (4) in longitudinal section in the closed position on the scale 3. With reference to these drawings, the 3D device comprises a feather (1) which in contact with the carving surface slides in the nozzle (2). The pen automatically triggers the opening of the sensitive valve (3). The resin contained in the reservoir (4) descends by gravity to the base of the sensing valve (3), it passes simultaneously through the three oblique channels (C1) (C2) (C3) which are located in the lower part of the the valve. The three channels are positioned at 120 ° from each other, they supply resin with the light (6) which feeds the end of the pen (1) which allows the resin to exit the 3D device and to fix on the support. As soon as the contact of the pen with the surface to be carved is interrupted, under the electromagnetic thrust of the ring (3M), the light (6) closes automatically and the resin ceases to flow.

20 Trois joints hybrides : à chicane (7) à lèvre (8) et torique (9) isolent la partie fixe de la partie mobile de la valve sensitive, ils empêchent tout reflux de résine et d'air dans le réservoir (4). Reflux qui compacterait la résine contenue dans le réservoir (4) en la polymérisant. Le procède de sculpture couplé au dispositif 3D sont, selon 25 l'invention particulièrement destinés : à l'enseignement de la sculpture en ligne sans maîtriser le dessin, à l'apprentissage de la réalisation de copies de sculptures sans utiliser le pantographe, au développement de la créativité artistique de tous les types de modelages d'art en trois dimensions, quelle que soit la forme, le matériau ou bien l'échelle de 30 l'oeuvre finale.Three hybrid joints: baffled (7) lip (8) and toric (9) isolate the fixed part of the movable part of the sensitive valve, they prevent any reflux of resin and air in the tank (4). Reflux which would compact the resin contained in the tank (4) by polymerizing it. The method of sculpture coupled with the 3D device is, according to the invention, particularly intended: to teach sculpture online without mastering the drawing, to learn how to make copies of sculptures without using the pantograph, to develop artistic creativity of all types of three-dimensional art modeling, regardless of the form, material or scale of the final work.

Claims

CLAIMS1) Online interactive digital didactic sculpting method characterized in that it comprises a set of 88 virtual cards divided into 22 sequences of 8 lessons that teach the learning of ancestral art with three specific software that digitize that cut 5 and which restore, a sculpture, according to three common axes XYZ which converge by the virtual center of gravity V of the sculpture, that the three software compute simultaneously. The first software digitizes the 3D sculpture according to XYZ and according to its virtual center of gravity V. The second software cuts the following XYZ sculpture from its largest virtual slices section whose normals are all collinear with the same direction. slicing and spaced a constant distance. The third software defines the contour of each slice of the sculpture according to X Y Z, which it prints and which it numbers on flexible and transparent film. 15

2) Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the three XYZ axes and the contour of the first slice are transferred onto a plywood support with the film number one without the student mastering the drawing, shapes, proportions and surfaces in space. 20

3) Process according to claim 2 characterized in that the contour of the first wafer and the first wafer are patterned in relief with a 3D device for sculpting in the form of a pen, with which a cold liquid resin without shrinkage is applied which polymerizes rapidly. at room temperature. 25

4) Process according to claim 3 characterized in that the contour of the second wafer is transferred to the first wafer after its polymerization with the number two film following XY Z. The second wafer is modeled in relief on the first wafer with the 3D device according to the same technique. The following slices are superimposed according to their layer numbering on each other, slice by slice after polymerization of the preceding slice, to the last slice and modeled on each other according to the same technique.

5) Method according to claim 1 characterized in that each sequence teaches a different theme: 5 - sequence 1: the numbers and letters. - sequence 2: the friezes. - sequence 3: geometric shapes. - sequence 4: the caps and the braids. - sequence 5: the profiles. 10 - sequence 6: the hair. - sequence 7: the ears. - sequence 8: the noses. - sequence 9: the mouths. - sequence 10: the eyes. 15 - sequence 11: the drape. - sequence 12: the seals and the currency. - sequence 13: the low relief. - sequence 14: the high relief. - sequence 15: the round hump. 20 - sequence 16: Egypt. - Sequence 17: Greece. - sequence 18: Italy. - sequence 19: the horse. sequence 20: the animals. 25 - sequence 21: masks and statuettes. - sequence 22: the metal and the wood.

6) The method of claim 1 and claim 5, characterized in that the 22 sequences represent 176 lessons at the end of which any student has the ability to create or copy a sculpture with or without scale factor regardless of the material or finish of the final work without using the pantograph and without mastering the drawing.-

7) A 3D device for the implementation of the method of sculpture according to claim 3 and claim 4 characterized in that it has the shape of a pen that allows to draw and fill shapes in relief thanks to an electromagnetic sensitive valve that opens automatically on contact with the pen on a rigid support, which regulates and controls the flow of the resin in it, which closes automatically as soon as the contact of the pen with the support to carve is interrupted.

8) Thermoplastic granule according to claim 7 characterized in that the sensitive valve is manufactured by injection with a specific electromagnetic nanocomposite which is obtained by mixing nanopowder of metal oxides and colloidal nanoparticles which make up the nanocomposite comprising a crystalline structure of type R2 Fe 14 B which has a higher magnetic conductivity than conventional magnets, whose formulation is as follows: (Felmt) 55xyzwn (B1pCp) x0HTizVwMn Formulation in which: - 54 to 55% by volume of the hard magnetic phase of the crystalline structure is type R2FE14B. R2FE14B has a grain size of 17 nm to 210 nm, wherein the soft magnetic phase has an average grain size of about 5 nm to about 80 nm. The soft magnetic phase comprises a-Fe and a ferromagnetic iron boride.

9) A composite resin according to claim 3, claim 4 and claim 7 characterized in that it consists of a mixture of plaster, urea formaldehyde resin, inert mineral fillers, hydraulic binder natural anhydride, dewatered seaweed powders, NH4C1, K2SO4, glass fibers, water-repellent additives and antistatic additives which gives it high mechanical and thermal properties, resin which is prepared and used cold, viscoelastic, fixative fluid, which rapidly polymerizes at room temperature, does not shrink, is nontoxic, cleans and dilutes with water, is non-flammable. The proportions are given below: - plaster 55 parts by weight. urea formaldehyde resin 21 parts by weight. 5 - mineral fillers 17 parts by weight. - hydraulic binder 1 part by weight. dehydrated algae 1 part by weight. - NH4Cl 1 part by weight. K2SO4 1 part by weight.

10 - glass fibers 1 part by weight. - water repellency additives 1 part by weight. - antistatic additives 1 part by weight. 10) A 3D sculpting device according to claim 3, claim 4, claim 7, claim 8 and claim 9, characterized in that the tool is in the form of a pen which consists of four elements: a feather (1) which in contact with the carving surface slides in the nozzle (2). The pen automatically triggers the opening of the sensitive valve (3). The resin contained in the reservoir (4) descends by gravity to the base of the sensing valve (3), it passes simultaneously through the three oblique channels (C1) (C2) (C3) which are located in the lower part of the valve. The three channels are positioned at 120 ° from each other, they supply resin light (6) which feeds the end of the pen (1) which allows the resin to exit the 3D device and to fix on the support. As soon as the contact of the pen with the support to be carved is interrupted, under the electromagnetic thrust of the ring (3M), the light (6) closes automatically and the resin ceases to flow. Three hybrid joints: baffled (7) lip (8) and toric (9) isolate the fixed part of the movable part of the sensitive valve, they prevent any reflux of resin and air in the tank (4). Reflux which would compact the resin contained in the tank (4) by polymerizing it.