JP2011102954A - Method for forming paper model of mountain shape - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To overcome the problem, wherein it is difficult to express a fine and complicated shape, it is necessary to prepare the large quantity of materials, working hours, machining capability and cost, and a craftsman is unable to conveniently form the shape, since a modeled real item has a steric and sharp shape in a formation method, even though a technique for forming the shape as a fine polyhedron, segmenting and laminating the shape, or combining two-directional cross-sectional shapes into a grid is used for finely, as an image and realistically reproducing an intricate figuration, such as mountain shape. <P>SOLUTION: A numerical map data of a geographical survey institute is processed by a computer; in the region as a whole including the modeled mountain, longitudinal section data is extracted at s regular interval. A cross-sectional component and a board are adhered via overlapping width a by adhesive agent and a double-stick tape so as to match a position number printed on the cross-sectional component with a position number on the board. The shape is formed and made by using a uniform and tightened dimension as 4 mm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  This devise is a paper model or paper craft that expresses a three-dimensional shape by making three-dimensional data such as mountainous terrain, valley terrain, or ocean rippling at regular intervals, and arranging the cross-sectional shapes that are cut evenly and closely. It is about the method.

Conventionally, a paper model or a paper craft (hereinafter referred to as a paper model) is formed by converting a polyhedron into a two-dimensional development so that a three-dimensional object to be expressed and reproduced can be configured as a polyhedron. Printing, sculpture, die cutting, etc. were performed on two-dimensional flat bodies such as plastic plates and wood, and users formed them by cutting, bending, bonding, or combining them.
In the case of such a formation method, a paper model of a three-dimensional object such as a car or a building can be formed relatively easily and is easy for a user to form. In the case of a shape that has a more complex and free curved surface, it is necessary to form it in a more detailed polyhedron to reproduce the shape realistically or in an image, and it is extremely difficult to create a developed view of them. Yes, and making them by human hands is extremely difficult.

  There are also traditional methods used to reproduce topography, such as stacked maps and terrain models. This is made by stacking and sticking thick paper cut out along contour lines on the actual map. Most of these are used to represent the topography of the terrain and do not represent realistic terrain. Of course, it is possible to express realistic terrain by making the interval between contour lines finer and increasing the number of layers, but a considerable number of papers or thin plates are required, and the summit of the northern alps such as Kasumigatake In order to reproduce narrow terrain with sharp points, it is necessary to make the intervals between the contours finer, making it difficult or impossible in practice. In addition, a lot of work time is required.

For expressions such as animals, dinosaurs, and other free-form creatures, they were cut and cut out from thick paper, wood, cardboard, etc., with shapes cut into circles at regular intervals. There is a method to form by combining the shapes in a grid pattern. This formation method can reproduce three-dimensional objects with more free form, but in order to combine them, it is necessary to use thick materials such as paper, wood and cardboard. Therefore, as described above, in order to reproduce complicated shapes and fine parts such as mountainous landforms, a considerable number of materials are required, and since it is a thick material, it takes bulk as a product, It also costs money.

  Conventionally, as described above, in order to reproduce complicated forms such as mountainous landforms more finely, realistically, realistically, preferably, or artistically, it is necessary to form with a more detailed polyhedron or shape. Techniques such as subdividing and laminating, or combining two-way round slices in a grid pattern were used. However, in these forming methods, the actual model to be modeled has a three-dimensionally acute shape, and it is difficult to express a minute and complicated shape. No material, work time, work force, and cost were required, and there was nothing that could be easily formed by the builder.

  The present invention is a mountainous landform. We provide a method and means to easily form models of valley topography and complex forms such as waves using thin plates such as paper and plastic plates.

In order to achieve the above tasks, we will first explain the principle and procedure. Here, we take up models and models of mountainous terrain. Please see Figure 1. First, for the entire region that includes the mountain to be modeled by computer processing the numerical map data of the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (in Figure 1, Yufudake is an example of an impressive and beautiful mountain in Kyushu). Cut out data of vertical section (vertical section from topography to altitude with peak) at regular intervals.
Here, it is assumed that the data is 1 / 25,000 scale, the distance of Yufudake can be grasped almost accurately, the actual distance is about 100 m, the scale distance is about 4 mm, and the cross section is two-dimensional data. It is said. Here, there are about 50 cross-section data.
Figure 2 shows a part of the cut-out vertical section.

  Please see Figure 3. In order to make about 50 cross-section data into, for example, a paper model, position number 3 indicating the arrangement order of cross-section figure 1, margin 2 and cross-section figure is added to the bottom of the cross-section figure, and the material (paper Etc.). At this time, from one side or both sides, it is also possible to devise landscape coloring using paints and printers on the ridgeline and its lower part near each cross section. In Fig. 3, it is not colored. Then, cut the line of cross-section figure 1 and margin 2 with scissors or a cutter to make about 50 cross-section parts. People who like hand-crafting and mountain climbing enthusiasts will feel like walking on the edge of Yufudake with scissors. In addition, it is possible to cut out with a laser processing machine, not by hand. As shown in Fig. 4, the margin 2 of the cross-section part is folded next to each other at right angles. When these 50 parts have been folded, the cross-section parts are complete.

  Next, on A4 size slightly thick paper and mount 4, the position number 3 is printed, which aligns the parallel lines 5 with the same distance between the cut-out parts of the cross-sectional parts and the distance of about 4 mm with each cut-off part. It is. (Fig. 4)

  Next, the cross-section part and the mount are bonded with adhesive or double-sided tape through each margin 2 so that the position number 3 printed on the cross-section part and the position number 3 of the mount 5 match. As a result, the molding work is performed with uniform and close dimensions of 4mm. (Fig. 4)

  Please see Figure 5. By repeating the above work, the Yufudake model is completed. If you want to paint on white paper with a primary color, or a thin sheet material that can replace it, you can also fold the cross-section ridges of each piece and color them with paint. With four models, Yufudake can be made in each of spring, summer, autumn and winter. Moreover, it becomes like a miniature garden by attaching the side plate 6.

    Also. Regarding the coloring of this cross-sectional figure, it is usually considered that this model is often viewed from the side, so if you color the mountain forest, the surface color and texture with a small width with the ridge line part of the cross-sectional view. That's enough. However, in this mountainous example, the underground part below the surface layer, underground, strata, and crust exploration technologies are still incomplete, but progress is being made. Also, academically, some reasoning has been made, albeit imaginary. With these data, it is possible to represent the underground structure of this mountain model by coloring the estimated and academic structure below the surface layer that cannot be viewed in a normal posture. . The structure cannot be seen from a normal point of view, but if one section of a section is bent with a finger etc., you can see the underground structure of that section.

  Up to this point, this method has been described as a mountain model to make it easier to understand the explanation, and as a concrete example, Yufudake in Kyushu as a model. It covers all mountains and valleys such as the Himalayas and Swiss Alps. In addition, it is possible to reproduce the topography of the planets and satellites outside the earth, the moon, and the Olympus and Marinellis valleys of Mars using numerical data obtained by exploration of the Mars explorer marina.

  In addition, even if the model you want to reproduce is very large, it can be reproduced by aligning the scales (in the above example, 1 / 25,000), dividing it into sections that fit, for example, A4 size, and connecting or arranging the sections. is. For example, the entire picture of the Northern Alps mountain range in Japan is simpler than conventional methods, and models can be created in a short time and at a low cost. (Fig. 6)

  The approach of parallel cross-sectional shapes such as this proposal, but not touching, may be applied not only to mountains and valleys, but also to complex shapes such as trees, plants, and birds and beasts. In that case, it will never be a realistic model, but it will be an imagery, symbolic, artistic model. In addition, as described above, for living organisms and human bodies, it is possible to obtain accurate and realistic internal models by processing CT scans and MRI image data, etc., up to the internal structure.

  In the above, it is composed of mount 4 and glue margin 2. There is also a simpler method. A structure in which a thin plate such as paper is sandwiched at regular intervals, for example, a coil that is closely wound with a coil spring, or a long brushed leg that is long and has a dense brushed part. It is a method of simply placing each cross-sectional figure on one side of a long, face tape with a handle brush, an arrangement in which hairs are aligned. Figure 7 shows a mountain model being formed by a coil spring.

  In addition, if the holder is made of a flexible material such as some kind of plastic or rubber, you can reproduce the moving model of a snake meandering and the movement of fish swimming. .

  Up to the above, in order to pursue the realism, the gap between the mountain cross-section parts was accurately maintained with the margin 2 but the cross-section of the mountain cross-section as in the embodiment was also used. Freely set the interval, and may not be used, cross-sectional figure cross-section dimension of the cross-section part holder, such as coil springs, brushes, etc. In the embodiment, for example, when using a base plate with a half-slot of a normal scale, it looks normal when viewed from the cross-sectional direction, but it is perpendicular to the cross-section. When viewed from near the direction, the mountains appear to shrink. So, for example, if you do Mt. Fuji, it will be an exaggerated and interesting form of Mt. Fuji drawn by the genius painter at the end of the Edo period, Hokusai Katsushika. A kind of artistic assembly is also possible. Of course, on the contrary, the mountain cross-section parts are not intentionally in accordance with the cross-section interval scale, but even if the cross-section interval is increased, for example, the steep mountain form has become loose or, to put it worse, extended. You can also get interesting models. In addition, it is possible to create a fictitious mountain model that does not exist by deliberately changing the order of the cross-sectional parts. In other words, you can play with various shapes and enjoy the work.

  When reproducing complicated forms such as mountains, terrain and waves, or distant forms using conventional methods, it was impossible, difficult, or required long and precise work. In recent years, 3D NC machine tools, 3D printers, etc. have been able to faithfully reproduce 3D objects, but using them requires computer proficiency and expensive equipment, so it can be used in general. It is not easy for the user to use, but the proposed model formation method can provide a simple and inexpensive one.

  In the model in this proposal, if there is no adhesive in the example in the example, it can be easily disassembled, the volume can be reduced and stored and stored, and it can be reproduced in a short time .

  Hiking and climbing enthusiasts and tourists have used maps, bird's-eye views with fixed viewpoints, or CG images to determine the overall structure of the mountains, valleys, and terrain. I could only know. The mountain model and valley model in this proposed model formation method can be used to visualize and touch the geographical structure of the local area before and after going to the site. By making it a local souvenir, it becomes a memorable item and is also useful as a learning material for geography.

  One of the so-called informed consent materials when using the human body model with this method in the medical field to examine the treatment policy for individual and severe patients and to explain easy-to-understand medical conditions and treatments to patients. Can also be an effective means. In this case, for the sake of speed, CT scan and MRI data are image-processed into internal cross-section data that is easily colored and figured by the patient, printed by a computer, and cut by a laser machine. Furthermore, we develop and produce automatic assembly equipment and use it as a single system equipment.

  Here is one simple example. A base plate 7 as shown in Fig. 8 is made by processing a thin wood plate or plastic. The base plate 7 is provided with a shallow groove 8 in which a cross-sectional component can be inserted according to the thickness of the cross-sectional component. The base plate 7 uses a cross-sectional figure 1 that does not have a margin 2. In this work, the cross section figure 1 is inserted into the shallow groove 8 of the base plate 7, and the mountain model as shown in Fig. 9 is completed. Since the sectional figure 1 is only inserted, the sectional figure 1 can be pulled out and disassembled for storage. If you don't need to store it and want to make it firmly fixed, inject the adhesive into the shallow groove 8 of the base plate 7 and assemble it so that the cross-sectional figure 1 is fixed.

  Mountain cut (model of Yufudake in Kyushu)   Figure of cut out part of the vertical section of Figure 1   Figure with the margin of the figure in the vertical cross section of Fig. 2 and the position number of the cross section   Assembly drawing   Completed mountain model 1   A model that partitions and connects vast regional models   Example of using a coil spring to hold cross-section parts   Base plate   Completed mountain model 2

1 Cross section 2 Margin 3 Position number 4 Parallel line 5 Mount 6 Side plate 7 Base plate 8 Shallow groove

Claims (3)

(1) Scale based on real, mountainous and valleys, other terrain, or geodetic data such as creatures and celestial bodies, and measurement data. If the actual product is very small, increase the actual magnification. This is the original data.
(2) For non-existent imaginary objects (ghosts, monsters, modern art sculptures using this technique, etc.), for example, the shape is created using 3D modeling software. This is the original data.
(3) This original data is created at regular or indefinite intervals for longitudinal, transverse, or oblique sectional data that is suitable for the model that can be obtained by this method.
(4) A large number of these cross-section data is created at intervals of the cross-section, which is suitable for the model that can be obtained by this method. The spacing of section views is usually the same, but the spacing can be irregular depending on the use of the model.
(5) Based on this cross-sectional view data, for example, if you want to work with your hand, print the outline on a thin sheet of paper, plastic, metal, etc. with a printer, etc. Cut with a cutter, etc. to create a large number of cross-section graphic parts.
(6) Cutting with computer machines such as cutter plotters and laser cutters is also an efficient method at this stage. Suitable for mass production.
(7) At the stage of (5) and (6), in order to prevent the confusion of a large number of cross-sectional view parts, the number of the order of the order of the cross-sectional view parts is also printed or engraved.
(8) A large number of cross-sectional parts suitable for the generation model at regular and dense intervals of the scale shape and magnification ratio appropriate for the model shape to be generated based on the above data in numerical order. Arrange, hold, or bond with a holder. This completes the desired model.
The thin plate model generation procedure generated through the above procedure and the generated model (for example, the paper model). In the model of Claim 1, coloring is also possible, and before cutting the cross-section part, it can be colored on the front and back of the cross-section part with paint or printing. At that time, the actual mountainous, valleys, celestial bodies, creatures, etc., which have internal structures, for example, in the mountains, the soil rock texture and vegetation on the surface, with the appropriate width and cross-sectional parts Draw or print along the ridgeline curve, and below that is the structure of the crustal structure within the scope that is academically understood, or by imaginary and analogy information, Draw or print. If you look at the model from the top of the model by tilting a number of cross-sectional parts held and arranged with the holder with your fingers, you can also see the internal structure of that part.
The thin plate model (eg, paper model, etc.) of claim 1 so colored. Regarding the method of holding the cross-sectional component of the model of claim 1,
(1) In this model, in the holding part of the cross-sectional parts, provide multiple pairs of glue margins, fold them differently, and bond them at right angles to the holder of the cross-sectional parts mount and base plate. To do.
(2) Printed lines indicating the position of cross-sectional parts on the flat plate material used to hold cross-sectional parts (including not only straight lines but also curves), cross-sectional part positions, and cross-sectional parts Prepare a base plate, base plate, or a spring or brush-like holder that is printed and engraved with a groove that has the function of holding and a number that matches the order of the cross-sectional view parts. .
(3) As for the holder for cross-sectional parts, prepare not only the holder that matches the length of the cross-sectional parts but also the holder that has the minimum length that can hold a part of the cross-sectional parts. .
(4) The cross-sectional component holding position is not only the outer peripheral portion of the cross-sectional component, but also the inner surface that is not the outer peripheral portion of the cross-sectional component is provided with a hole of a shape other than a circular shape to match the holder, To hold.
(5) Use not only a hard material but also a soft, flexible material, or a material that does not return to its original shape due to spontaneous material properties.
The thin plate model of claim 1 (eg, paper model, etc.) having one or more of the above requirements.

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