FR3007804A1 - HYBRID DEVICE FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC ENERGY - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a device that comprises: - a tidal turbine (14) and / or - a wind turbine (8) and / or - coupling means for electromagnetically or electrically or mechanically coupling the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine to at least one pump, and, - a wave energy device (5) comprising: - a container: --- which oscillates under the effect of said movements, about an upright axis, --- comprising at least one peripheral compartment located around a central compartment, placed in fluid communication with it and that the pump supplies liquid that it draws elsewhere, and --- containing said liquid which, with the oscillations of the container, flows through the central compartment , and - at least a first turbine disposed in the central compartment and coupled to an alternator connected to a power supply electrical line of an installation outside the device and located at a distance.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for producing electrical energy from moving fluids in an open medium. The invention finds particular applications in the field of renewable energies. s Wind, currents, swell and sun, and the thermal energy of the seas are naturally renewable energies. These energies have the enormous advantage of being "clean", but they present today some disadvantages, including: - a carbon footprint of little interest: photovoltaic panels for example, 10 - they are not predictable for the most part, - they are not effective, continuously over time, - they are not dense so the sensors are typically scattered over large areas. This results in two major handicaps: a very high cost per kWh produces a very high cost of installation and maintenance. To minimize these factors, some designers consider the combination of different energies on common structures. The following questions then arise as problems to be solved: the integration of the various sensors into the structure (s), the interaction between the different energy sources, the use of a common electrical conversion. To overcome all or part of these problems, it is proposed here that the above-mentioned electrical power generation device comprises a submergible turbine that transforms hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and / or a wind turbine transforming the energy. kinetic wind mechanical energy and - coupling means for electromagnetically or electrically or mechanically coupling the turbine and / or wind turbine to at least one pump (typically lifting) to which energy is thus provided for operating, and, - a wave energy device comprising: - a container: --- which oscillates under the effect of said movements, about an upright axis, --- comprising at least one peripheral compartment located around a compartment central placed in fluid communication with him and that the pump supplies liquid that it draws elsewhere, and --- containing said liquid which, with the oscillations of the container, circulates e, via the central compartment, and, - at least a first turbine disposed in the central compartment and coupled to an alternator connected to an electric power supply line of an installation external to the device and located at a distance. It will be understood from the foregoing that the term "wave-forming device" covers any device, including floating, comprising the aforementioned elements with the characteristics indicated: the oscillating vessel, with its peripheral compartment, the first turbine, etc. Moreover, in the present text, the expressions: - in the singular, such "peripheral compartment" indicates the presence "of at least one" such element, - and "superior" or "lower" indicates a relative position with respect to 20 the aerial structure supporting the shaft of the wind turbine. Thus, there is proposed a global solution that allows either the use of a common electrical conversion or the use of a common electrical generation, this resulting in an improvement of the efficiency of the installation both in terms of technical efficiency (quantity energy transmitted to the network / amount of energy available for sensor) and saving (cost of the generation chain - conversion / quantity of energy produced), while taking into account the investment costs, installation costs and maintenance of these power generation devices. A corollary problem concerns the way to achieve the coupling means 30 to ensure a powerful solution, simple to set up and maintain (possible remote from the device vis-à-vis the coast at sea). It is thus proposed: that these coupling means comprise generator means for converting the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine into electricity and supply this electricity to the pump to operate it.

In this case, it is recommended that the tidal turbine and / or wind turbine comprise (nnent) an output shaft driven in rotation by blades of the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine and the generator means comprise an alternator coupled to the output shaft and connected to the pump, or the coupling means comprise mechanical coupling means for driving the pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine. - Or that said coupling means comprise electromagnetic coupling means comprising an electromagnetic clutch for driving the pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine. In particular, in the case of mechanical coupling means, it is furthermore recommended that said at least one pump is a coupled pump driven directly by a common coupling shaft. Thus, the efficiency must be optimized, with reduced online losses. Yet another corollary problem relates to the search for a solution further promoting the efficiency of the turbine (s) and aimed at switching from a discontinuous liquid supply in the compartment where the turbine (s) is located at a few points, with variable water height differences, at a favorably quasi-continuous liquid supply, at the maximum pressure at time t, at all supply points, simultaneously or almost simultaneously. To this end, it is proposed: that said at least one peripheral compartment comprises a liquid distribution chamber to circulate in the wave energy device and which will extend continuously around the essential at least the perimeter of the central compartment and the fluid communication will comprise a series of passages arranged around the central compartment, where it is surrounded by the liquid distribution chamber, and / or said at least one peripheral compartment comprises: a liquid distribution chamber to circulate in the wave energy device which is closed on itself around the central compartment, and - a series of passages distributed around the central compartment 35 to, depending on the oscillations, allow the fluid communication with it, while leaving the liquid that receives said distribution chamber free to circulate around said central compartment, and / or said at least one compartment The device comprises several ballast chambers surrounding the central compartment and to which the ballast chambers can deliver liquid via valves. In order to complement or alternatively favor the supply of liquid to this peripheral compartment (s), it is recommended that the aforementioned device also comprise several ballast chambers surrounding the central compartment and towards which the ballast chambers can deliver liquid and from which they can receive liquid, via valves. A regulation taking into account the rate / volumes (or flows) variable circulation of said liquid can (it) moreover be obtained. To optimize their efficiency, it is recommended that the ballast chambers surround the liquid distribution chamber and / or be arranged in elevation relative thereto. In addition and again to seek to promote the design / manufacture / maintenance of the device, and performance, without complicating the design and subsequent maintenance, it is recommended that the / each pump draws liquid in the central compartment, from preferably in the lower part (the device then being operational). In order to be able to recover energy as powerful as that of the sea (wave, swell, wind), it is also in particular very favorably considered that the tidal turbine, the wind turbine and the hoop-motor device: at least one floating structure subjected to the movements of the liquid on which it is disposed, and / or - are arranged together on a floating structure, the wind turbine and the tidal turbine being disposed respectively above and below the wave energy device ( with a combination of performance performance and simplification of expected maintenance). To further broaden the scope of use of renewable energies and thus potentially the overall efficiency of the device, it is recommended that the device include mobile solar panels on a carrier structure of the device.

It is recommended then: - that these solar panels and the supporting structure then define a tower that surrounds the wind turbine and means of mobility are linked to the solar panels to open the tower more to the passage of the wind in a first state of the solar panels than in a second state where they are more impeding the passage of wind towards the wind turbine than in the first state, and / or - - that the device further comprises a hydraulic network fed by said at least one pump and which will pass into the environment Immediate solar panels, the circulating liquid acting as coolant solar panels, before being sent to said at least one peripheral compartment. It will promote the operation of all and the safety of use of solar panels and systems that will be linked to them. Various possible purposes, details, features and advantages, possibly other than those mentioned above, will become apparent from the following detailed explanatory description which refers to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hybrid production device; electric power according to one embodiment of the invention; - Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the heart of the device, in median vertical section; FIGS. 3 and 4 show diagrammatic views, respectively in median vertical section (section III-III of FIG. 4) and from above of a possible embodiment of the hull-motor device, part of the abovementioned hybrid device; FIG. 5 represents a schematic view in median vertical section (like that of FIG. 3) and from above of a second possible embodiment of the hoop-motor device; FIG. 6 represents a schematic view from above of the wind turbine, part of the abovementioned hybrid device; - Figures 7,8 show schematic views, respectively again in median vertical section and from above of a possible embodiment of the tidal turbine and partially of the hoop-motor device, 35 parts of the aforementioned hybrid device; and FIGS. 9, 10 show diagrammatic views, respectively from above and in median vertical section (like FIG. 3), of a third possible embodiment of the hoop-motor device, and FIG. water circulation, via one or more lift pumps, to promote efficiency by regulating the water supply of the central compartment of the hoop-motor device. To summarize and globalize the solution presented above and which will be described in greater detail below, the general principle of the device presented here is the pooling of a generation and / or conversion plant that is unique and common to all types of equipment. combined renewable energies, referred to as hybrid energy. In short, it is a question of transforming the captured mechanical energy (wind turbine, tidal turbine, hoop-motor (force of the waves, swell), thermal, other) or electrical (solar) into energy of unique type available at the exit of the device (power line), via a single sensor with its own optimized and balanced conversion chain. By this device, an electrical incompatibility is converted into energy compatibility. 20 The system solves existing problems: simplification of the conversion chain, optimization of energy conversion efficiencies captured upstream, mutualization of transformation resources, economy of scale in terms of investment, installation and maintenance, uniqueness from the distribution cable to the power grid, downstream. It would be possible to intercalate between the transformation system (especially before the output of the turbine / generator unit) and the downstream sensor (power line), a storage capacity adapted to the energy resulting from the transformation system. This will deliver a continuous generation of electricity from discontinuous available energies. The device 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 can be a nomadic and autonomous floating production platform, like FIG. 1, which combines solar, wind, tidal and / or hydro-motor energies. This device 1 comprises: - a floating structure 3 including the hull-motor system 5, - an upper aerial structure 7 supporting the axis 80 of rotation of a wind turbine 8 and able to receive backup batteries 81 and power cabinets, a lower underwater structure 9 located below the water level 90 and capable of supporting a ballast 11 and the axis 131 of rotation of a tidal turbine 14, possibly solar panels 15 movable and articulated on the structure upper carrier 7. Figure 2, we see that the device 1 presented further comprises: - a turbine 519 coupled to a generator 520, 10 - a module 21 wind turbine coupling / pump (s) 23 (it can be pumps coupled), - a tidal coupling module 25 / pump (s) 27, - a hydraulic network 28 for distribution of the pumps in the hull-motor system 5, comprising pipelines. For efficiency, feed safety and compactness, it is recommended that the / each pump draw liquid from the bottom in the central compartment. The wind turbine 8 will preferably be vertical axis type Daerrius. The tidal turbine 14 will preferably be vertical axis type Daerrius. Each may comprise a series of blades distributed about an axis, radially and rotating around it. For the aforementioned couplings, the means (or modules) 21,25 coupling may provide direct couplings, or not. Thus, can it be provided that all or part of these means (or modules) 21,25 include internal generating means for converting the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine into electricity and supplying this electricity at the / each pump 23,27, to operate / them. In the context of the couplings mentioned above, one of the following three recommendations is recommended: electrical, electromagnetic and / or mechanical. Electrical: the turbine and / or wind turbine will then (have) preferably an output shaft, respectively driven in rotation by blades, respectively 810,145, of the turbine and / or the wind turbine and the generator means may include an alternator coupled to the output shaft, respectively 800,131 (Figure 1 or 2), and connected to the / each respective pump.

Mechanics: the coupling means 21,25 will then preferably comprise mechanical coupling means, respectively - to drive the / each pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine.

Electromagnetic: the coupling means 21, 25 will then preferably comprise means comprising electromagnetic coupling means comprising an electromagnetic clutch for driving the pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine.

For pumps, it is recommended that each pump be a coupled pump driven directly by a coupling shaft. The system or the hull-motor device 5 comprises, in the figures (FIG. 3 in particular): a closed container 50, able to receive a liquid E (water here): which oscillates under the effect of the movements ( such waves / waves), about an upright axis A (here confounded with the axes 80 and 130), - comprising at least one peripheral compartment, such, 515a, 515b ... located around a central compartment 512, placed in fluid communication with it and that / each pump concerned feeds liquid which it withdraws elsewhere, and - containing said liquid which, with the oscillations of the container, circulates, via the central compartment 512et, - at least a first turbine 519 disposed in the central compartment and coupled to an alternator 520 connected to a power supply line 39 of a power plant 41 outside the device and the pump 23 is electric, or storing (battery). It is recommended that the peripheral compartment 510 include, or be defined by, (at least) a liquid distribution chamber 5100 to be circulated in the wobble device and which will then continuously extend around at least the bulk of the perimeter. central compartment 512; see especially FIG. 4. It is furthermore recommended that the aforementioned fluid communication comprise a series of passages ... 514b,... 514e, 513a, 513b ... arranged around the central compartment 512, where it is surrounded by room 5100.

To favor the good distribution of the liquid around this central compartment, it is preferred that the chamber 5100 be closed on itself around the compartment 512, and that the series of passages ... 514b, ... 514e, 513a, 513b ... allows, depending on the oscillations, the fluid communication with him, while leaving the liquid that receives said chamber 510 / free to circulate around the compartment 512. In addition to this distribution chamber 510/5100, the output will be favored with the presence of several ballast chambers 515a, 515b, 515c .... surrounding the central compartment 512 and towards which these ballast chambers will be able to deliver the liquid E and from which they can receive this liquid, by means of valves, valves and / or check valves 517a, 517b, 527, 529 ... arranged at the locations of the corresponding passages 514a, 514b, ... 514e. In this case, it is advised that the ballast chambers surround the liquid distribution chamber 510/500 and / or be arranged in elevation with respect to this chamber 510. Alternatively, and even if this is not the case. preferred solution, the (the series of) compartment (s) device (s) could include several ballast chambers 515a, 515b, 515c .... surrounding the central compartment 512 20 and to which the ballast chambers could deliver liquid E by l intermediate valves or unidirectional valves preferably 517a, 517b, ... 517f (see Figure 4) .. To raise the liquid E to the distribution chamber 510 and / or the ballast chambers 515a, 515b, 515c ... a relevant solution is to arrange the pump (s) 23, 27 so that it withdraws this liquid in the central compartment 512, preferably in the lower part of this compartment, after the neck 523 (FIG. 3) or 318 (FIG. ), so below the level of this pass, where can a diaphragm (see, for example, FIG. 5, diaphragm with movable walls such as 333a, 333b.). The device 1 being typically designed to be installed on the water, and in particular at sea, the floating structure 3 will be adapted to support the movements of the liquid to which it will then be subjected. Preferably, for particular facilities, installation and maintenance, it will be preferred that the tidal turbine 14, the wind turbine 8 and the hoop-motor device 5 are arranged together on the floating structure 3, the wind turbine and the tidal turbine. being respectively disposed above and below the hoop-motor device. It will also be preferable if the solar panels 15, are provided, are favorably mounted movable on the upper supporting structure 7 of the floating structure 3. To promote the safety and efficiency of the device, FIGS. 6 show the interest in providing that the solar panels 15 and the supporting structure 7 define a tower 53 which surrounds the wind turbine 8 and mobility means 55 are connected to the solar panels to open the tower further to the passage of the wind in a wind tunnel. first state of the solar panels that in a second state where they are more impeding the passage of the wind towards the wind turbine than in the first state. And Figure 2, we see and understands the interest of the hydraulic network 28 powered by the pump 23,27 and which passes into the immediate environment 15 solar panels, so that the circulating liquid (typically water ) act as coolant for the solar panels, before being sent to the peripheral compartment (s) 510 and / or ballasts 515a, 515b .... 515f, and / or the central pool of kinetic energy 512. The operation of the device 1 is based on the combination of the catchments of the different energy sources (solar, wind, tidal and hydro-motor energies) which each contribute at least to the operation of another sensor, at most improving the performance of one or more others. The capture of wave energy is provided by the wave-motor device 5. In this embodiment, the structure 3 of the hull-motor system serves as a buoyancy support for all the functions described below. . It also performs a temporary energy storage function 30 as a volume of water 5110 in some of the chambers 511a ... located in elevation relative to the kinetic energy pool (chamber 512). The upper aerial structure 7 may comprise, as illustrated, an upper bridge 70 and support posts 71 (FIGS. 1, 6) connected to the floating support 3. This structure performs the following functions: - Support of the upper bearing of the shaft Vertical 800 of the wind turbine 8, - Shelter for backup batteries, control and energy management cabinets (assembly 81), - Support for the solar panels 15 and their mechanisms 55 of 40 closure / opening, - Elements 550 guide the flows to channel the wind to the central wind turbine, - conduit (not shown, portion of the circuit 28) fluid circulation for cooling solar panels.

The lower underwater structure 9 may also include, as illustrated, the shaft 133, the lower deck 131, holding spars and the ballast 11 hooked to the lower deck (or spars, or to the axis); see figs. 7,8), this structure performs the following functions: io - support of the lower bearing of the shaft 133 (here vertical) of the tidal turbine 14, - support of the ballast 11 ensuring the stability, - flow guide elements for channeling current to the tidal turbine - Pumping line for liquid transfer. The tower 53 (FIG. 3) will favor the following functions: - transformation of the solar energy into electrical energy, even into heat, - formation of air guiding elements for the wind turbine (effect Venturi), 20 - safety of the wind turbine in the event of strong wind by closure of the peripheral mobile shutters 530 (here each around a vertical axis 155), via the closing / opening mechanisms 55, - supply of energy for ensure data acquisition, regulation, control of the entire device and the charge of 25 backup batteries. The wind turbine 8 (here with a vertical axis) will favorably provide the following functions: - Capture of the wind energy channeled by the guide elements included in the structure (flaps 530 in particular), 30 - Supply of mechanical energy from rotation necessary for the driving of the pumps 23 via the coupling 21 (clutch or not) - damper and / or regulator and / or accelerator (according to the order) the amount of kinetic energy of the device hoolo-motor 5 Two points are still to be noted: - the Venturi effect created by the combination of the carrier structure 7 and the collapsible solar panels 15,530. This design benefits the vertical wind turbine 8 which benefits from an accelerated and organized wind flow, but also from the solar panels which are oriented with a more favorable angle of reception compared to the sun, - the safety of the wind turbine: the mechanisms 55 closing / opening the "tower" of solar panels allow to unfold the solar panels which will then be articulated, for example two by two for this purpose along axes of articulation such 155, so, in case of risk , to completely close the structure and thus to secure the wind turbine which is no longer subject to the flow of air. This eliminates mechanical or electromagnetic brake systems. The tidal turbine 14 (favorably so with a vertical axis) can perform the following functions: - Capturing the energy of the channeled current by the guide elements included in the structure 3 (not shown), - Providing the necessary rotational mechanical energy to the driving of the pumps 23 via the coupling 21 (clutch or not) - damper and / or regulator and / or accelerator (according to the order) of the kinetic energy quantity of the hull-motor device 5. As for the Turbine 519 + generatrix module (alternator 520) disposed in the central compartment 512 of the floating support 3, it will favorably provide the following functions: - Capture of the kinetic energy generated in the central basin 512, 20 - Transformation of this kinetic energy in electricity, preferably in the form of three-phase alternating current, concerning now the wind turbine coupling module / pumps 23, it will favorably provide the functions following: -Transfer of the mechanical energy of the shaft 800 of the wind turbine to the pumps, 25 - Pumping of water in the lower part 512b of the basin or central compartment of the hollo-motor system 5 (or elsewhere provided that to respect the closed circuit) and discharge in the peripheral compartment 510 which can typically define a torus of injection under pressure, 30 - Mechanical regulation of the wind turbine 8, and this directly or via one or more clutches (electromagnetic or mechanical), as previously. Concerning the tidal coupling module 14 / pumps 27, it is recommended that it perform the following functions: - Transfer of the mechanical energy from the shaft of the tidal turbine to the pumps, - Pumping of the water in the part lower 512b of the central basin of the hollo-motor device 5 (or elsewhere provided the closed circuit is respected) and delivery in the pressurized injection torus 510, - Mechanical regulation of the tidal turbine 14, directly or via one or more clutches (electromagnetic or mechanical), again. With regard to the hydraulic network 28 (see FIG. 2) coupling 5 pumps 23, 27 / hull-motor 5, comprising pipes, valves and solenoid valves controlled by the electronic control system, it will favorably provide the following functions: - Transfer of fluid from the sampling zone (here the lower reservoir 512b to the injection torus 510 and / or the storage volumes 511a, ... 511e ... and or to the liquid ballast 11, - filling and emptying the device 1, - Fluid transfer adjustment of the optimum stability conditions defined by the control software As regards the hull-motor device 5, it is therefore a device 15 for recovering the energy of movements in the form of electrical energy. This device comprises, as shown in Figures 3,5,9,10: - a container 50: * comprising several peripheral compartments 121- 122 ... 3121, .. 3124,510,515a, 515b ... and a central compartment 20 11,311,512 , * and presenting a main axis (A) vertical at rest, and at least one side wall interposed between several peripheral compartments and the central compartment, - several valve systems (14-17 in particular) disposed at the location of said side wall and located each for transferring liquid from one of the peripheral compartments to the upper portion of the central compartment and the lower portion of the central compartment to at least one other of said peripheral compartments, when the container is inclined, and at least a first turbine 313,519 coupled to an alternator and disposed in the upper portion of the central compartment. The container 50 is adapted to oscillate about at least one axis perpendicular to said main axis under the effect of said movements, and contains the liquid E which, when the container oscillates, flows to and from the central compartment 11,311,512. The central compartment advantageously includes an upper portion such as 1a, 311a, 512a and a lower portion 1b, 311b, 512b separated by an intermediate partition such as 11c, 311c, 525 provided with a channel such as 18 or 523 forming a throttling passage liquid from the upper portion to the lower portion, and substantially at the level of which is disposed a shutter (of passage section) adjustable as 13.

In the three versions illustrated, FIGS. 3,5 and 9-10 respectively, the first turbine 313,519 coupled to its alternator 22,520 is disposed in the upper portion of the central compartment. Lower down, the channel 18,318,523 defines, in the transverse partition, a throat for the passage of the liquid from the upper portion of the central compartment to its lower portion. Laterally, several peripheral compartments communicate with the central compartment, via the valve systems such as 14-17 or 314317 which, mounted at two different levels of elevation at the location of the side wall 330 (as in FIG. 5), as already explained and illustrated for example in FIG. 5, communicate between them respectively the central compartments 311 and laterals 3121, .. 3124 (at least). Figure 3, the adjustable shutter 333 as a moving-wall diaphragm such 333a, 333b located substantially at the location of the throttle channel 318 is worth noting. By acting, for example via a motorization, on these mobile walls, it will be possible to vary the passage section of this constriction 318 and thus to adapt the pressure drop and the liquid height to 311a, so that the turbine 313 is preferably all the time totally submerged. Another solution is that the throttling channel 318 (or each flow passage of this channel, if it is made in several sub-channels) is intrinsically regulated, for example as a flexible and elastic membrane whose opening or liquid flow passage to the lower portion (such 311b) of the central compartment (such 311) deforms elastically depending on the flow rate or the pressure exerted on it. It is recommended for performance that the adjustable shutter include a secondary turbine, as shown in FIG. 10. This will then (at least a significant part of) provide a desirable pressure drop to control the liquid level in the pump. central compartment and the depression in the throttling channel, thus promoting a "feeding" adapted to the turbine, including if it is arranged near the upper free surface of the central compartment .. It is recommended to couple the secondary and main turbines, so to feed this last preferably permanently. An electronic control of its load will be preferred. A solution for making the shutter adjustment is that it is made in the form of (or includes) a diaphragm. It will then be intrinsically adjusted, for example as a flexible and resilient membrane whose opening deforms elastically depending on the flow or the pressure exerted on it. The reaction time to open or close the choke channel more or less can then be very fast. Again, coupling with the main turbine is recommended. Although this is not illustrated, the channel 18,318 ... and / or the adjustable shutter may be (are) located (s) away from the axis of rotation of the first turbine. We will now return to the solution of the hoop-motor device 5 of Figures 3,4. In particular, thanks to the liquid distribution chamber 510 (on one or more levels), the efficiency of the turbine (s) will be favored here and will be able to pass from a discontinuous liquid supply into the compartment. where is the turbine (s), at a few points, with variable differences in water height, at a quasi-continuous liquid supply, at the maximum pressure at time t, at all points of supply simultaneously or almost simultaneously. If, as recommended, this chamber 510 and the peripheral compartments 515a, 515b ... are provided, this distribution chamber 510 (or even those 511a ...) will be interposed between: - the central compartment 512, with which 1 distribution chamber (510, or even 511) communicates via several passages or apertures 513a, 513b, ... 513f which may be concomitantly open, for the transfer of the liquid, and - at least some of the peripheral compartments 515a, 515b 515f, from which said distribution chamber is separated by the side wall 516 and with several of which it communicates by at least some of the valve systems 517a, 517b, ... 517f which can also be concomitantly open for those who supply the intermediate chamber with liquid (see 517b, 517c figure 4) at the moment considered, while the device is inclined / oscillates. Thus, from the main axis, central A outwards, there is successively, and concentrically in the example, the central compartment 512, the distribution chamber (s) 510,511 and peripheral compartments 515a, 515b, ... 515f. As before, these peripheral compartments therefore define ballasts. Rooms 510,511 are superimposed. The upper chamber 511 can communicate with the lower one 510 by valves 529 (FIG. 3), preferably then controlled on opening and closing. To be as effective as possible in the contribution to the central compartment 512 and thus to the maintenance of the vortex and the rotation turbine 519 coupled to the alternator 520 (Figure 3), it is recommended that the (each) intermediate chamber 510,511 it is closed on itself around the central compartment and can communicate with all the valve systems and / or all the openings or passages 513a, 513b, ... 513f above. These openings or passages may consist of tubes permanently open, passing through the inner side wall 521 which separates the distribution chamber 510,511 from the central compartment 512 and each oriented at an angle to favor the vortex as already mentioned and illustrated in FIG. tangential). The valve systems 517a, 517b, ... 517f may consist of check valves ensuring liquid flow in only one direction (see Figure 16). They can be unmanned, so open and / or close under the sole solicitation of the circulating liquid between the ballasts concerned and the intermediate chamber 510. According to one embodiment, the (each) intermediate chamber (that the one can denominate torus of injection of water under pressure) will present a vertical succession of levels. These levels are or are not interconnected by check valves, such as 529. Another solution: duplicate the "torus" structure 510, with then several superimposed intermediate chambers identical to that 510, with its valve systems 517a , 517b, ... and its openings or passages 513a, 513b, ... (which will therefore typically define substantially tangential water injectors). Depending on the water level in the peripheral ballasts 515a, ...., the water could thus pass to the level 510 or to the levels 510 and 511. FIGS. 3,4, the distribution chamber 510 is in the form of a buffer tank between the upstream ballasts (in example 515b, 515c) 5 and the central compartment or basin 512. In this configuration, the valve systems 517a, 517b, ... and the injectors 513a ... are decoupled: as soon as a liquid charge height exists (during a tilting as in FIG. 3), the pressure causes the valve systems 517a, 517b, ... to be opened and the liquid passes through the chamber of where it is distributed in such a way that it then flows into the central compartment by at least one, and a priori several, openings or passages 513a, 513b, ... 513f, as illustrated. Arrived at the bottom constriction 523 formed in the intermediate transverse wall 525 which separates the respective upper 512a and lower 512b portions of the central compartment. It will be noted that the lower part 512b (may) extends (re) peripherally beyond the vertical of the partition 521 of the central compartment, and as here as far as the distribution chamber 510 and the peripheral compartments such as 515a, 515e . In the embodiment of FIGS. 15, 16, performing in terms of liquid circulation, a series of nonreturn valves 527 are disposed between the part 525 and each of the peripheral compartments 515a, 515b, ... 515f. Each check valve 527 can open to let the liquid in the portion 525 pass from that portion to the relevant peripheral compartments, at a time t movements in progress, and closes to prevent traffic in the opposite direction. The 527 check valves could be controlled to open and close. On the basis of FIGS. 3,4, it is therefore understood that, during oscillations of the device, liquid, to pass (still in closed circuit) from several of the peripheral compartments to the central compartment: - will pass through the (the) chamber (s) ( s) of distribution, such (or) 510 or 511 then 510, which will collect the liquid from these different peripheral compartments, and - will then pass from this distribution chamber to the central compartment by the or, several, passages 513a, 513b, ... open in the distribution chamber. Thus, irrespective of the movement of the device / container, at time t and in absolute terms, the level of liquid in at least one of the upstream ballasts is higher than that of the other upstream ballasts. The intermediate chamber, which always contains liquid in transit, is in contact via the non-return valves 517a, 517b, ... with preferably all the upstream ballasts, and therefore at the instant t at the pressure of the ballast the most high. The design of the system as a whole means that there is always an upstream ballast whose liquid height is equal to or greater than that of the central basin / compartment 512. In the case considered, the distribution chamber is therefore in "overpressure "Compared to the central basin / compartment. 3, the valve 517a is then open and the flow is therefore naturally made by a large number of or all of the passages 513a, 513b, ... at the same time, hence an effective performance of the flow at time t, since the injection in the basin / central compartment 510 is "multipoint". At time t + Δt, the ballast 515c FIG. 4 has partially emptied, the movement has continued and generates a maximum absolute maximum water level in another ballast (adjacent compartment, 515b for example). The valve 517c is then closed, while the adjacent valve 517b opens, putting the distribution chamber 510 at the pressure of the ballast 515b in the example and the flow continues through a significant number of or all passages 513a, 513b, ...

It will be noted that, in the above solution, the ballasts / peripheral compartments such as 515a ... 515e ... will not work in a single pair between an upstream ballast / a downstream ballast. It should also be noted that the operation of the tidal coupling / pumps / distribution network / injection toroid of the houlo30 engine is extremely simple and reliable (see in particular FIG. 8): 1) the turbine 133 of the tidal turbine 14 captures the energy of the current and transforms it via its radial blades 135 into rotation energy of its axis, 2) the rotation shaft mechanically drives the drive pulley 137 3) the driving pulley drives via a belt 139 35 (or equivalent means of driving) the pulley of the coupled pump 27, 4) this pulley drives the pump shaft, via an electronic clutch driven by the device and engaging when the tidal turbine has reached the optimum operating point, 5) the pump 27 pumps directly into the lower reservoir of the central basin 5 of the hull-motor device 5 and discharges directly into the distribution network 28, which itself directs according to the request of the PLC to: a. feeding the torus of pressure injection (TIP, pipe 281) of the hoop-motor system and / or 10 b. supplying the storage ballasts (line 283) and / or c. the filling of the liquid ballast (line 285, FIG. 11). Solution 5) a. contributes to the significant improvement in the efficiency of the turbine unit (such as 519) + generator (520) by an additional multipoint injection and continuous at the pressure of the central basin. This one, via the TIP 510, does not conflict and is added to the multi-point injection of the hollo-motor system 5. The solution 5) b. contributes to the significant improvement in the efficiency of the turbine + generator unit by an additional and intermittent injection at the pressure of the storage tanks 310a, 310b. These basins, always in elevation with respect to the central basin 512, take over the upstream ballasts 515a, 515b ..., when the level difference is zero. The injection thus obtained, via the TIP 510, maintains the flow in the central basin when the effect of the ballasts "wave-forming" is reduced. The check valves 517a, 517b... Permit the simultaneous operation of the two sources of liquid supply. Solutions 5) b. and 5) c. contribute to obtaining the adequacy of the entire device to the wave conditions encountered at time t. Indeed, the permanent adaptation of the liquid level in the storage ballasts 310a, 310b ... (if provided) and in the liquid ballast 11 makes it possible to modify the physical parameters of the system: position of the center of gravity, position of the center of flotation, inertia of liquid hulls, inertia of flotation, metacentric radius, distribution of weights, etc. This last point presents a real innovation: the adaptation by the system itself of its own physical parameters to optimize its yield. capture.

The operation described above can be applied to the coupling of the wind turbine via self-priming pumps 23 according to the diagram of FIG. 2. According to this embodiment, the hydraulic network 28 serves to convey the liquid to the solar panels. . This acts as coolant before being reinjected into the TIP. The cooling of the solar panels significantly improves their internal efficiency. With regard to the question of coupling, it will be further noted that - as regards the regulation of a turbine / wind turbine by coupling with a pump, this can be done by direct coupling on the same shaft of a pump according to the principle expressed in FIGS. 7, 8: Whatever the speed of the fluid, the balancing of the engine torque (turbine 15 wind turbine / tidal turbine) and the resistant torque (ideal pump) will lead to a speed wt corresponding to the maximum power of the configuration at time t: Pt = kw3: self-regulation has been defined. We can then always aspire to the max power of the wind turbine to supply the torus by sucking in the lower part of the central compartment. In this way the total power of the pump is recovered: flow x Total height (suction + discharge), - as for the mechanical coupling between the wind turbine and the Vortex turbine, it can operate according to a "free wheel of a bicycle As shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2: the turbine is driven by the turbine 519 during its start up until its speed is higher (internal ratchet system). As advantages of the claimed solution, it will be further noted that: It is difficult today to simplify the energy conversion chain by combining the generators and / or converters of several energy sources; the presented solution allows it. This solution offers a global solution that allows either the use of a common electrical conversion or the use of a common electrical generation. This must lead to an improvement in the efficiency of the device with respect to the known prior solutions, in terms of both the technical efficiency (quantity of energy transmitted to the network / amount of energy available at the input via at least the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine) and economic (cost of the generation chain - conversion / quantity of energy produced), taking into consideration the investment, installation and maintenance costs of these units.

11, the hydraulic network 28 is schematised in the solution of FIGS. The network is powered by the pump 23,27 and passes into the immediate environment of the solar panels 15, the circulating liquid acting as coolant of these panels.

Then, the liquid (water here) is sent to the peripheral compartment (s), in the example: 510,511a ..., 515a ..., (but it could be compartments such 312). .. or 121 ..) Figures 7,11 the network 28 was bypassed at 287 to directly feed the (upper volume of) central compartment (such 512), instead in particular here torus 510.

Claims (17)

REVENDICATIONS1. Device for producing electrical energy from moving fluids, characterized in that it comprises: - a submergible turbine (14) transforming hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and / or - a wind turbine (8) transforming the kinetic energy of the wind in mechanical energy and coupling means (21,25) for electromagnetically or electrically or mechanically coupling the hydrolysis and / or the wind turbine to at least one pump (23,27) to which energy is thus supplied to operate, and, - a wave energy device (5) comprising: - a container (50) which oscillates under the effect of said movements, about an upright axis, --- comprising at least one peripheral compartment 510,511a ..., 515a ..., 3121 ..., 121 ...) located around a central compartment (11,311,512), placed in fluid communication with it and that the pump supplies in, liquid that it takes elsewhere, and containing said liquid (E) which, with the oscillilla of the container, circulates through the central compartment, and at least a first turbine (313,519) disposed in the central compartment and coupled to an alternator (22,520) connected to an electrical supply line of an installation (41 ) external to the device and located at a distance. 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the coupling means (21,25) comprise generator means for converting the mechanical energy from the hydrolene and / or the wind turbine into electricity and supply this electricity to the pump for make it work 3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the tidal turbine (14) and / or the wind turbine (8) comprises (nent) an output shaft driven in rotation by blades of the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine. and the generator means comprises an alternator coupled to the output shaft and connected to the pump. 4. Device according to claim 1, wherein the coupling means 5 (21,25) comprise mechanical coupling means for driving the pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or the wind turbine. 5. Device according to claim 1, wherein the coupling means 10 (21,25) comprise electromagnetic coupling means comprising an electromagnetic drive clutch of the pump from the mechanical energy from the tidal turbine and / or wind turbine. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one pump (23,27) is a coupled pump driven directly by a common coupling shaft. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one peripheral compartment comprises a chamber (510) for 20 distribution of the liquid to circulate in the wave-forming device (5) and which extends continuously around the essential to less than the perimeter of the central compartment and the fluid communication comprises a series of passages (513a, 513b ...) arranged around the central compartment (512), where it is surrounded by the chamber (510) of distribution of the liquid. 25 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said at least one peripheral compartment comprises: - a chamber (510) for distributing the liquid to circulate in the wave-forming device (5) which is closed on itself around the 30 central compartment, and - a series of passages (513a, 513b ...) distributed around the central compartment (512) for, depending on the oscillations, allow the fluid communication with him, while leaving the liquid that receives said chamber ( 510) freely circulating around said central compartment. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said at least one peripheral compartment comprises several ballast chambers (121,122, .. 515a, 515b ...)) surrounding the central compartment and to which the ballast chambers can deliver the liquid via valves. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, which further comprises several ballast chambers (515a, 515b ...) surrounding the central compartment (512) and to which the ballast chambers can deliver liquid 10 and which they can receive liquid, via valves (517a, 517b ...). Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ballast chambers (515a, 515b ...) surround the liquid distribution chamber (512) or are arranged in elevation relative thereto. 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pump (23,27) takes liquid in the central compartment. 20 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tidal turbine (14), the wind turbine (8) and the wave energy device (5) are arranged on at least one floating structure (3) subject to the movements of the liquid on which she is willing. 25 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the tidal turbine (14), the wind turbine (8) and the wave energy device (5) are arranged together on a floating structure (3), the wind turbine and the tidal turbine being disposed respectively above and below the wave energy device. 30 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims which comprises solar panels (15) movable on a structure (7,53,530) carrying the device. 35 16. Device according to claim 15, wherein the solar panels and the supporting structure define a tower (53) surrounding the wind turbine and means (55) of mobility are linked to the solar panels to open the tower more to the passage of the wind in a first state of the solar panels in a second state where they are more impeding the passage of the wind towards the wind turbine than in the first state. 17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, which comprises a hydraulic network (28) fed by said at least one pump (23,27) and which passes into the immediate environment of the solar panels (15), the circulating liquid. acting as coolant of the solar panels, before being sent to said at least one peripheral compartment (510,511a ..., 515a ..., 3121 ..., 121 ..). 10