FR2998220A1 - PROCESS FOR TREATING TIRES AT END OF LIFE - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for the treatment of a tire (2) at the end of its life, comprising the steps of: a) extracting, from each sidewall (2a), a cable (32) made of metallic material constituting the support structure of said tire (2) , b) cutting each sidewall (2a, 2c) of a tire (2) along its circumference to subdivide the tire (2) into a first sidewall (2a), a second sidewall (2c) and a clevis (2b) ; c) dividing said flanks (2a, 2c) into radial pieces and said yoke (2b) into longitudinal pieces.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of tires (particularly heavy tires) at the end of their service life. The present invention is part of the technical sector of tire recycling at the end of life. [2] The term "heavy tires" means tires having a particularly large diameter (rim), such as for example tires of 57 "and 63". These tires are generally used in earthmoving equipment in the mining sector. [3] A particular requirement, particularly in the field of heavy-duty tires, is that of being able to treat these tires directly on site or where they are used, in order to reduce their dimensions prior to transport in disposal facilities. . [004] The purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide an original solution to address this problem and to propose a method for the treatment of tires that meets the requirement expressed above. [5] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a tire treatment method comprising the technical features set forth in one or more of the appended claims. [6] The technical characteristics of the invention, according to the above-mentioned objectives, are clearly verifiable from the content of the claims mentioned below and its advantages will be all the more evident in the detailed description which follows, made with reference to the attached drawings, which represent an embodiment which serves purely as an example and is not limiting, in which: - Figures 1 to 3 illustrate respective side views of a machine for carrying out a step the method object of the present invention, respectively in different operating configurations; FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic plan view of the machine of FIGS. 1 to 3 for the implementation of the method that is the subject of the present invention; Figures 5 to 7 illustrate respective front views of a detail of the machine of the preceding figures; FIG. 8 illustrates a front view of the machine of the preceding figures; Figure 9 illustrates a front view of a detail of the machine of the preceding figures; Figure 10 illustrates a detail of the machine of the preceding figures; Figures 11 and 12 each illustrate a view of another detail of the machine of the preceding figures; - Figures 13 to 17 illustrate another detail of another variant of the machine of the preceding figures; FIG. 18 illustrates a plan view of an additional machine for carrying out a new step of the method that is the subject of the present invention in a first configuration; - Figure 19 illustrates a side view of the machine of the previous figure with a tire disposed in the loading area; FIG. 20 illustrates a front side elevational view of a detail of the machine of FIGS. 18 and 19 above; Fig. 21 illustrates a plan view of the machine of Figs. 18 to 20 above with a tire disposed in the loading area; Figures 22 and 23 each show a side view of a detail of the machine of Figures 18 to 21 above, with a tire disposed in the loading area; Figures 24 and 25 illustrate a detail of the machine of Figures 18 to 23; FIG. 26 illustrates a detail of a device for carrying out a step of the method according to the invention; FIG. 27 illustrates a side view of another machine for carrying out a subsequent step of the method that is the subject of the present invention; - Figures 28 and 29 show, respectively, a plan view and a side view of a detail of the machine of Figure 27 in a first configuration; Fig. 30 illustrates a plan view of a detail of the machine of Figs. 27 to 29 in accordance with a second configuration; Figs. 31 to 33 illustrate, respectively, corresponding side views of a detail of the machine of Figs. 26 to 29 above in different operating positions; - Figures 34 and 35 illustrate a variant of a detail of the machine of Figures 31 to 33 above; - Figure 36 illustrates another variant of a detail of the machine of Figures 31 to 33 above. According to the invention, there is provided a method for the treatment of a tire 2 at the end of its life. [008] This method comprises the steps of: - a) extracting, from each sidewall (2a, 2c), a heel reinforcing cable (32) of metallic material constituting the support structure of said tire (2), - b) cutting each sidewall (2a, 2c) of a tire (2) along its circumference to subdivide the tire (2) into a first sidewall (2a), a second sidewall (2c) and a clevis (2b); - c) dividing said flanks (2a, 2c) into radial pieces and said yoke (2b) into longitudinal pieces 2s. [009] Steps a), b) and c) can be performed in the following chronological order: step a), step b) and step c), but it is quite possible to separate the sidewalls and the front clevis to extract the cable 32 and to implement the method by performing the steps in order b), a), c). [010] Thus, depending on the rigidity or the type of dimension to be treated, the operator can extracting the heel reinforcing cables first to take advantage of the greater rigidity of the sidewalls because the tire is still held by the top, or to cut the sidewalls first, which makes it possible to avoid handling the entire tire 2 with the tires. cables 32 extracted, and in particular makes it easier to cut the flanks along the circumference. [011] Preferably, said steps a), b) and c) are performed on the same site: this makes it possible to treat the tire 2 directly where it is used (for example in a mine, a quarry, etc.), to reduce the size or space occupied prior to transportation to the final disposal facility. [12] In this respect, it must be considered that such a method makes it possible, at the end of step c), to obtain tire pieces of reduced dimensions, which can subsequently be loaded into transport means for be transported to the final recycling facility. [13] It is advantageous that the method described above thus allows a considerable saving on costs and greatly simplifies the elimination of large size tires and high mass end of life. [14] This process is preferably carried out by means of three different types of machines (1, 100, 200). [15] Such machines (1, 100, 200) together define a system for treating end-of-life tires. [16] Each machine is assigned to a specific function: a first machine 100 performs step a) of the method, a second machine 1 performs step b) of the method while a third machine 200 performs step c) of the method which is the subject of the invention. [17] Hereinafter will be described in detail the machines (1, 100, 200) object of the invention, which, taken together, allow to implement the method object of the invention. A device 300 is provided for handling the tire or pieces of tire between each of these machines. [018] It should be noted that hereinafter will be used for each machine (1, 100, 200) and the method (steps) that it uses the expression "object of the invention": this expression must to be understood in the sense that each machine or the steps of the process that it performs are part of a tire treatment system at the end of life. [019] In accordance with the accompanying drawings, 1 has designated equipment for the calibration of heavy tires 2 at the end of life. [20] By the term "offsetting" is meant the extraction of the steel cable (or rod) which constitutes the support structure of the beads of the tire. [21] It should be noted that this machine 1, which will be described later, is configured to perform the calibration operation on tires commonly described as heavy, that is to say of large dimensions. [22] In particular, this machine 1 is able to perform tire trimming 2 up to sixty-three inches in diameter (this dimension refers to the inner diameter of the rim). [023] It should be noted, however, that the machine 1 is able to perform the relief even on tires of smaller dimensions, preferably up to thirty-three inches in diameter (this dimension refers to the inner diameter of the rim [24] According to the invention, the machine 1 comprises a frame 3. This frame 3 comprises a plurality of beams / elements which are interconnected to define a rigid support structure. [25] In addition, the machine 1 comprises means 4 for supporting the tire 2, configured to support the tire 2 resting on a sidewall 2a in a predetermined position, at a loading zone 30. [26] machine 1 can operate the tire offsetting of a tire 2 or, more advantageously and as will be better described below, a portion of the tire 2 consisting of a sidewall 2a of said tire 2; in the latter case it is planned to operate the separation of the sidewall 2a of the yoke 2b and to have on the machine 1 only the flank 2a (without the yoke 2b). [27] Preferably, the means 4 of the tire support comprise a plate 22, disposed at the loading zone 30. This plate 22 has a bearing surface 19 of the sidewall 2a of the tire 2. In use this surface 19 is disposed substantially inclined with respect to a vertical plane. [28] Preferably, the first bearing surface 19 is carried by a plate 22 comprising an opening 29 allowing the passage of the hook 6 and the steel cable 32 during the extraction of said cable 32, said opening 29 comprising a part upper vertical (29a) and a lower vertical portion 29c, and a horizontal portion 29b. The plate 22 supports a shutter 290 vertically movable and intended to close the lower vertical opening 29c and to prevent jamming of the rod during extraction. [29] Preferably, the support means 4 can be configured so that, during the calibration, the tire 2 is inclined with respect to a vertical plane, so that the clevis 2b is in partial support on the ground or on an element 23 below. [30] Preferably, according to a variant, the support means 4 further comprise an element 23 having a lower support surface having a bearing surface 20 of the yoke 2b. [31] Preferably, the surface 20 of the lower support member 23 is inclined with respect to a vertical plane in the opposite direction to the surface 19; in this way, advantageously, the tire 2 is supported in a particularly stable and safe manner at the loading zone 30. The lower support element 23 can advantageously cooperate with the plate 22 to ensure a correct position of the tire 2. [ 32] Furthermore, as shown in the figures in the appendix, the machine 1 comprises means 18 for holding the tire 2 in the pre-established position, means arranged in the loading zone 30 aforesaid. These retaining means 18 (clearly visible in Figures 3, 8 and 9) are movable between a first operating position P5, in which they do not cooperate with the support means 4 to maintain said tire 2 in the preset position, and a second rest position P6, in which they cooperate with the support means 4 to maintain said tire 2 in the preset position. The retaining means 18 are connected in rotation to the frame 3, so as to be rotated between said first and second positions (P5, P6). [033] The retaining means 18 comprise a pair of longitudinal elements (18a, 18b), connected to the frame 3 and located vis-à-vis the means 4 for supporting the tire 2. In particular, the elements (18a, 18b ) longitudinal are placed in front of the plate 22, at the loading zone 30 of the tire. [34] Each longitudinal member (18a, 18b) is rotatably mounted on the frame 3, to be pivoted between the positions P5 and P6. In particular, each element (18a, 18b) comprises a seat 33 for coupling to the frame 3. [35] This seat 33 is a circular cavity, configured to mate with a shaft 34: it should be noted that the seat 33 receives inside the shaft 34 so that the element 18a is nested on the shaft 34. The shaft is pivotable relative to the frame 3, in particular pivoting relative to a cylinder 41. [36] The machine 1 further comprises means for fixing each element (18a, 18b) to the shaft 34. These fixing means comprise a plurality of holes, made on the shaft 34 and on the element (18a, 18b) and a screw or a stud configured to pass through said holes and lock the member (18a, 18b) on the shaft 34. The member (18a, 18b) is movable away from the plate along the designated direction by D2 in the figures in the appendix. [37] The machine 1 comprises means 35 for actuating the shaft 34 in rotation. These means 35, clearly visible in FIG. 9, comprise a piston 37 connected to the shaft 34, via a stirrup 36, sliding relative to a cylinder 38. The cylinder and the piston 37 define a drive for rotating the shaft 34. [38] When the shaft 34 is rotated, the element (18a, 18b) integral with it is also rotated. Therefore, more generally, the machine 1 comprises means 40 for handling the retaining means 18 for allowing the handling of the retaining means 18 between the two positions P5 and P6. These handling means 40 comprise the shaft 34 and the means 35 described above. [39] The tire 2, in the absence of the element 23, is disposed in the loading zone 30 so that one side meets the plate 22 and the other side 2c, opposite the previous one, join the longitudinal bars (18a, 18b) when these are arranged in the operating position P5. [40] As shown in Figure 9, the longitudinal bars (18a, 18b) are arranged in the P6 position during the loading / unloading of the tire. In this way the loading zone 30 of the tire facing the plate 22 is freely accessible to the loading and handling means of the tire 2. [41] According to the invention, the machine 1 comprises a hook 6 for extracting the cable of the steel 32 of the sidewall 2a of the tire 2, and the means 7 of handling the hook 6. [42] The means 7 handling the hook 6 are configured to allow the movement of the hook 6 relative to the frame 3 along a direction D1 of extraction between two extreme positions: a position P1 of engagement with said tire 2 and a position P2 of disengagement of said tire 2 and extraction of said cable 32 of the sidewall 2a. These hook handling means 7 comprise a slide 7a, on which is slidable the hook 6, and drive means 44 of the hook. [043] The drive means 44, in the illustrated embodiment, comprise a pair of hydraulic cylinders 45a and 45b, connected to the frame 3 and the hook 6 to allow the movement of the hook 6 relative to the frame 3. [44 Figure 1 shows the hook 6 in the position P1 of engagement with a tire 2 while Figure 2 shows the hook 6 in the position P2 of release and extraction of the cable 32 of the tire 2. In this position P1 d the engagement, the hook 6 is in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall 2a of the tire 2 (heel of the tire 2) at a region of the sidewall 2a in which is present the steel cable 32 to be extracted, c that is to say, detalled. [45] The hook 6 may include a presser 61 actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 62 adapted to come to immobilize the steel cable 32 against the inner part of the hook and prevent all the sliding movements of the rod 32 once the latter has been grasped by said hook. [46] According to the invention, the machine 1 also comprises a control unit 8 control and drive, configured to control said means 7 handling hook 6. [47] The control unit 8 is provided of commands, operable by a user to control the movement of the hook 6 (and to perform other operations on the machine 1 as will be described in more detail below). [48] The machine 1 further comprises a member 9 movable relative to the frame 3 between a rest position P3 and a position P4 of operation, to operate the removal of the cable 32 of the hook when the hook 6 is in said position P2 of release and extraction, and that the cable 32 is hooked to the hook 6. This movable element 9 is clearly visible on the enlargements of Figures 5 to 7. [49] According to the preferred embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. attached, the movable member 9 is pivotally hinged to the frame 3. In particular, the movable member 9 is pivotally hinged to the frame 3 so as to be rotatable between a rest position P3 (shown in Figure 5) and an operational position P4 (shown in Figure 7). The movable member 9 is pivotally hinged to the frame 3 at a point designated 42, and hinged to a pair of stirrup members 42a and 42b. Preferably, the movable element 9 comprises a plate 10. [50] The machine 1 comprises means 11 for handling the mobile element 9.

According to the preferred embodiment of the machine 1, the means 11 for handling the movable element 9 comprise a drive 12 directly connected to the movable element 9. [51] Preferably, the drive 12 is a drive of the type hydraulic. Preferably, the drive 12 comprises an associated piston 13 sliding to a cylinder 14 and said piston 13 or said cylinder 14 is connected to said movable element 9 and the other of these two parts is connected to the frame 3. [52] Preferably the movable element 9 is movable in a plane substantially orthogonal to the extraction direction D1. In other words, each point of the element 9 is movable in a plane orthogonal to the extraction direction D1 [53] In another aspect, the machine 1 comprises a step 21, fixed to said frame 3 to be occupied by the operator and disposed substantially at said movable member 9. Still in this aspect, the machine 1 comprises means for detecting the presence of the operator on said step 21, means connected to the control unit 8. The control unit 8 is preferably configured to disable the movement of the hook 6 if the presence of the operator is detected on said step 21. [054] It should be noted that the operator, in the case where the cable 32 remains hooked to the hook 6 despite the intervention of the element 9, can advantageously mount on said step 21 to manually remove the cable 32. In this manual removal operation the movement of the hook 6 is disabled, so as to eliminate any risk to the safety of the operator. [55] Preferably, the frame 3 comprises a first part 15, provided with ground support means 17, and a second part 16 movably attached to the first part 15. [56] As can be seen clearly on the appended figures, the second part 16 is disposed above the first part 15. [57] In the example used as a support for the present description, the second part 16 is pivotally hinged to the first part 15. In particular the center of rotation of the second portion 16 with respect to the first portion 15 has been designated by the reference numeral 24 and the axis of rotation by X. [058] More generally, the second portion 16 is movable relative to the first part between a first extreme position P7 close and a second extreme position P8 remote. [59] The second portion 16 may be disposed in any position intermediate between the aforementioned extreme positions P7 and P8. The second part 16 of the frame 3 carries the plate 22, the movable element and the hook 6. In the example illustrated, and referring to the case in which the second part 16 is pivotally hinged to the first part 15, it is observed that in the first close position P7, the second part 16 is substantially horizontal. In this first close position P7, the movement direction D1 of the hook is substantially horizontal. The second part 16 is arranged in the second extreme position P8 to perform the tire calibration 2 having a particularly high radius. [60] The hook 6 is carried by the second part 16, and the fact that the second part 16 is vertically movable relative to the first portion 15, allows to have the hook 6 at the correct height for the tire being shaped . In other words, this characteristic of a second part 16 movably attached to the first part 15 to be displaced at least vertically allows the machine 1 to easily adapt to the tire being shaped: indeed it is possible to position the hook 6 at the right height according to the actual dimensions of said tire. [61] The machine 1 also comprises means 26 for relative movement of the second part 16 with respect to the first part 15. [62] These means 26 of relative movement comprise, in the example shown, an actuator 5 connected to the first part 15 and the second part 16. This actuator 5 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. According to this embodiment the actuator 5 comprises a piston 27, associated sliding to a cylinder 28, and moved by the action of a fluid under pressure. The piston 27 or the cylinder 28 is attached by a hinge to the first part 15 and the other of these two parts is attached by a hinge to the second part 16. [063] In the example illustrated in the figures, the machine 1 comprises a pair of hydraulic actuators. [064] If one refers to the plate 22, as can be seen in Figure 8, this plate 22 has an opening 29 through which the hook 6 to be arranged in the coupling position P1 to the side 2a of tire 2. [065] Preferably, this opening 29 is cross-shaped and has a vertical portion 29a and 29c and a horizontal portion 29b. The hook 6 passes through the vertical portion 29a of the opening 29. This opening 29 is dimensioned so that the cable 32 extracted from the sidewall of the tire 2 can pass through said opening, in particular through the portion horizontal 29b. The horizontal portions 29a and 29c of the opening 29 allow the hook 6 to flow freely through the opening. [66] A shutter 290, movable in the vertical direction, as illustrated in FIG. 8, is disposed on the front face of the plate 22. The shutter 290, when placed in the up position, is intended to close passage 29c. This device prevents the steel cable from entering and getting caught in this part of the opening. The shutter 290 is placed in the low position when the hook 6 passes through the plate 22 to go to grip the rod 32. [67] The following will be described the calibration of a tire in the machine 1 object of the invention . [68] The machine 1 is able to allow the removal of a heel reinforcing cable 32 from a piece of tire 2 consisting only of a sidewall 2a or an entire tire 2 (both sides 2a together). , 2c and clevis 2b); in the latter case it will take two operational cycles of the machine 1, with replacement of the tire 2 in the loading zone. Indeed, the machine 1 makes it possible to operate the extraction of the cable 32 on the sidewall 2a which bears on the plate 22. [069] The tire 2 (or the sidewall 2a) is loaded, using means handling of known type and not described, at the loading area 30 of the machine 1, so that the side 2a, which we want to remove the cable 32, bears on the plate 22. [070] The longitudinal elements 18a and 18b, during the loading of the tire 2 in the loading zone, are arranged in the rest position P6; these elements 18a and 18b are moved from the position P6 to the P5 before the start of the cable removal operation 32 of the sidewall of the tire 2. [071] Before starting the step of removing the cable 32 reinforcing heel in steel of the tire 2, it is necessary to position the hook 6 in the correct vertical position with respect to the sidewall 2a of the tire 2 being shaped. [72] For this purpose, the operator takes care of moving the second portion 16 of the frame 3 relative to the first portion 15, so as to vertically position the hook 6 in the correct position relative to the side 2a of the pneumatic during shaping. [73] The vertical movement of the second portion 16 relative to the first portion 15 allows to vary the attitude of the tire 2 in the loading area. [74] The hook 6 is disposed in the coupling position P1. [75] In the coupling position the hook 6 protrudes from the opening 29, in particular from the vertical part 29b, and is found at the loading area 30. [76] The hook 6, before starting the removal of the cable 32, must be coupled to the inner surface of the sidewall 2a, namely with the surface of the sidewall 2a opposite to that bearing on the plate 22. The presser 61 is pressed against the steel cable . [77] The operation of extracting the cable 32 from the sidewall 2a of the tire 2 provides for the hook 6 to be manipulated from the engagement position P1 to that of the release and extraction zone P2, in the direction D1 of extraction . Such manipulation may provide for the execution of a plurality of movement cycles in the direction D1 above between the two positions P1 and P2, namely a combination of movements to approach and move away from the position P1. [078] When the hook 6 is located in the position P2 release and extraction, as shown in Figure 2, the cable 32 is extracted or removed from the sidewall 2a. [079] In this state, the cable 32 is connected to the hook 6 and it becomes necessary to unhook it. When the cable is completely removed from the bead, the presser 61 is deactivated and the movable element 9 is thus moved from the first position P3 to the second operational position P4. Figures 5-7 illustrate this operating sequence. During its displacement from the position P3 (FIG. 5) to the position P4 (FIG. 7), the movable element 9 detaches the cable 32 from the hook 6 and causes the cable 32 to fall into an area 31 of the machine 1 receiving cable 32, which is disposed a slide 43 integrated in the machine 1. [081] Figures 11 and 12 illustrate respective views of an alternative embodiment of the machine object of the invention. According to this variant, the machine 1 comprises a device 47 for blocking the sidewall 2a on the plate 22. [82] This blocking device 47 can be used in the case where the loading is carried out on the machine 1 of the sidewall 2a, so as to advantageously retain the flank 2a firmly locked relative to the frame 3 during the detachment operations of the cable 32 already described above. [83] This locking device 47 comprises a plurality of locking elements 48 (in the illustrated example, two elements 48a and 48b), movable between an unlocking position P9 and a locking position P10 in which they act on the 2a side surface (the side opposite the plate 22) to block against the plate 22 itself. The locking elements 48 are preferably pivotally mounted on hinges relative to the frame 3, so as to rotate between said locking P9 and unblocking positions P10. [84] Preferably, each locking member (48a, 48b) comprises a first member (49a, 49b) and a second member (50a, 50b) carried by the first member (49a, 49b) and acting on the sidewall surface 2a to effect its blocking. [85] The first member (49a, 49b) is pivotally hinged relative to the frame 3, as previously described. [86] Figures 13 to 17 illustrate for their part a variant of the movable element 9. [87] According to this variant, the movable element 9 comprises an additional hook 54.

This additional hook 54 is pivotally hinged (relative to a fulcrum 46) to rotate between two end positions (one shown in Figure 13 and the other shown in Figure 15). The additional hook 54 is movable in a direction D3 perpendicular to the direction D1 of movement of the hook 6. It should be noted that this hook 54 is movable in this direction D3 between two extreme positions, shown respectively in FIG. 13 (first position) and 16 (second position). [88] The machine 1 therefore preferably comprises handling means (not shown) of the additional hook 54 in the direction D3. [089] The machine 1 also comprises means 45 for actuating the additional hook 54 in rotation. Preferably, the means 45 for actuating the additional hook 54 in rotation comprise a shaft 55a (to which this other hook 54 is connected) and a drive 55b (which may be an electric motor or similar device). [090] Preferably, this other hook 54 is guided in the direction D3 by means of a slide 51, which extends in this direction D3. [91] Figures 13 to 17 illustrate the stall sequence of the cable 32 of the hook 6 by means of the additional hook 54. [92] In Figure 13, the additional hook 54 is disposed in the rest position, before it is engaged with the cable 32. [93] In Figure 14, the additional hook 54 has already engaged the cable 32, detaching the hook 6. [94] The hook 54 is rotated in a direction of extraction VV1 and, after going to meet the cable 32 in position P3, it lifts it and detaches it from the hook 6. [095] After detaching the cable 32 from the hook 6, the additional hook 54 retains the cable 32. [096] Figure 15 illustrates a movement of the hook 6 in the direction D1 to cause this hook 6 out of the overall dimensions of the action zone of the additional hook 54, until it reaches the position P2 '. [097] Following this operation, it is then possible to operate in rotation the additional hook 54 to release the cable 32. For this purpose, the hook 54 is rotated in the direction W2 inverse of the direction of rotation VV1 previously described for reach the position P4, so as to release the cable 32 (Figure 17). [98] Preferably, it is intended to move the additional hook 54 in the direction D3, away from the hook 6, so as to release the cable 32 at the predetermined release zone. [99] The additional hook 54 preferably comprises a pair of fastening elements (44a, 44b). Preferably, these attachment elements (44a, 44b) are spaced from each other in the direction D3 by a distance 51 greater than the thickness S2 of the hook 6 in this direction D3: so that, during the rotation in VV1 hooking direction of the cable 32, these hooking elements (44a, 44b) are arranged on either side of the hook 6 and do not interfere with the hook 6 during rotation. An advantage of the invention is to provide a machine 1 for separating the steel heel reinforcing cable 32 from the sidewall of a tire which is very flexible, that is to say able to operate with tires of various sizes and which is, in particular, able to perform the relief even with heavy tires. Another advantage of the invention is to provide a machine 1 which is very safe for the final operator: indeed it will be noted that in this machine 1, the intervention of the operator is simply limited to order the machine 1 and, except for exceptional events, the operator does not have to manipulate the extracted cable 32. The fact that this machine 1 is particularly safe is of considerable importance if we consider that the machine 1 itself is able to treat particularly bulky tires and, therefore, the dangers related to the dimensions and the forces involved are greater than those of known type machines. The present invention further defines a method of extracting a metal cable 32 from the sidewall 2a of a tire 2, said cable 32 constituting the support structure of said tire 2, which method comprises the steps of arranging said flank 2a of the tire 2 bearing on support means 4 in a predetermined position; predispose a hook 6 for extracting the cable 32; arranging the hook 6 in a position P1 of engagement with the sidewall 2a of said tire and hooking the inner surface of said sidewall 2a; moving the hook 6 in a direction D1 of extraction, from the position P1 of engagement to a position P2 of disengagement and extraction of the cable 32 of the sidewall 2a. The method further comprises the steps of: predisposing a movable member 9 for removing the cable 32 from the hook; moving said movable element 9, when the hook 6 is in said position P2 of disengagement and extraction, a rest position P3 at a position P4 of operation to meet the cable 32 coupled to said hook 6 and perform removal of the cable 32 from the hook 6. [0105] Prior to the extraction operation, it is also possible, for certain small diameter dimensions, to cut the cable 32 at a point diametrically opposite to the driving point of the cable. cable 32 by the hook 6. This facilitates the sliding of the cable inside the bead and the sidewall during the extraction operation of the steel cable 32. This operation is facilitated by the fact that the cable can not slip on the hook when the presser 61 is activated. Another aspect of the implementation of the machine according to the invention has also proved very practical. Indeed, for certain dimensions whose flanks have sufficient rigidity, it is possible to extract each of the rods or cables 32 without the need to return the tire after the extraction of the first rod. Thus, after the extraction of the first rod 32 located on the side of the flank 2a, the hook 6 is repositioned in the engagement position P1 with the flank 2c to hook the external surface of said flank 2c, so as to extract the second rod 32 located on the side of the side 2c, while leaving the flank 2a bears on the means 4, and therefore without the side 2c bears on said means 4. [0107] The extraction operations of the cable can then take place identical to those described for the extraction of the cable 32 located on the side of the flank 2a. In accordance with the accompanying drawings, the equipment or the machine for cutting the sidewalls (2a, 2c) of tires 2 at the end of their life has been designated by 100. By the expression "cutting flanks" is meant the separation of the flanks (2a, 2c) of clevis 2b, comprising the tread, of the tire 2 itself. The machine 100, which will be described later, is configured to perform the cutting operation of the sidewalls (2a, 2c) of heavy type tires 2, that is to say large dimensions included so not limitative between thirty-three inches in diameter and sixty-three inches in diameter, (diameter of the rim). The machine 100 comprises a frame 101, and means 102 for connecting the tire relative to the frame 101, configured to bind the tire 2 in a pre-established position relative to the frame 101, corresponding to a zone 103 for loading said tire. 2. [0112] According to the example illustrated by way of example and not limiting, the connecting means 102 are configured to lock the tire in a position where the axis thereof is substantially vertical. The means 102 for connecting the tire 2, according to the illustrated embodiment, comprise a carousel 107 and means 108 for locking the tire relative to the carrousel 107 itself. In particular, the means 108 for blocking the tire 2 with respect to the carousel 107 are movable between a release position P100 and a locking position P101 in which they act on a sidewall 2a (in particular on the inner surface thereof). side 2a) of the tire 2 to lock the tire 2 on the carousel 107. These locking means 108 comprise a blocking element 133 movable between said release positions P100 and P101 blocking, and means 109 for handling and actuating said locking member 133. In particular, according to the application example, the locking element 133 pivots hinge relative to the carousel 107. [0115] To facilitate the cutting of the sidewall it is also possible, as is illustrated in FIGS. to have a shim 140 of adjustable height for supporting the outer portion of the bead of the tire coming into contact with said carousel. The increase in the height of the wedge has the effect of tensioning the son of the reinforcing ply and making the cutting tool more efficient. It goes without saying that the rise of the wedge 140 is limited to the position in which one observes the detachment of the sidewall 2a of the tire of the plate 111a. In the illustrated example, the handling and actuating means 109 comprise a pneumatic cylinder 155 comprising a piston 116 sliding relative to it: either the cylinder 155 or the piston 116 is attached (hinged) to the blocking member 133 and the other member between cylinder 155 and piston 116 is hinged to carousel 107. Carousel 107 is configured to rotate (relative to frame 101) about an axis X100 (vertical). Such a carousel 107 allows, therefore, to put the tire 2 in rotation about said axis X100 (vertical). In particular, the carousel 107 is rotatably supported relative to the frame 101 by means of a plurality of rotary elements 135. According to the invention, the machine 100 comprises at least one head (104a, 104b) of cutter provided with at least one cutting blade (105a, 105b) for cutting along the circumference of a sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2. [0118] By the expression "cutting along the circumference of a sidewall is understood to be a section of the sidewall along a substantially annular section line T around the axis of the tire 2. In the embodiment illustrated in the appended figures, the machine comprises a pair of cutting heads (104a, 104b). Each cutting head (104a, 104b) is provided with at least one cutting blade, respectively 105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b', configured to cut one of the two sides (2a, 2c) of said tire 2. In other words, the first cutting head 104a is intended to cut a first sidewall 2a of the tire 2 along its circumference and the second cutting head 104b is intended to cut along its circumference the second sidewall 2c of the tire 2 opposite the first flank 2a. In the illustrated example, each cutting head (104a, 104b) is provided with a pair of blades working together. Referring to the first cutting head 104a, it will be observed that this cutting head 104a comprises a first blade 105a and a second blade 105a ', while the second cutting head 104b comprises a third blade 105b and a fourth blade 105b '. These cutting heads (104a, 104b) are configured to cooperate so as to substantially cut at the same time the two sides (2a, 2c) of the tire 2, as will be better described below. According to the invention, the machine 100 comprises rotational handling means 106 relating to the tire 2 with respect to the blades (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') cutting, functionally active on the tire 2 or on the cutting head (104a, 104b) to permit relative movement of the cutting blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') with respect to the tire 2. [0123] In the illustrated embodiment, the means 106 of relative handling include the carousel 107 and the means 117 for actuating the rotation of the carousel itself, which will be better described later. The means 117 for actuating the carousel in rotation comprise a motor 117a and means 117b for transmitting the movement of the motor 117a to the carousel 107 itself. Preferably the motor transmission means 117b to the carousel 107 itself comprise a toothed wheel 117c, coupled to the carousel 107, and a chain 117d, connected to the motor 117a. The blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') cutting can be positioned relative to the tire 2, so as to cut along the circumference of the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2 during the relative displacement of the blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') of cutting relative to the tire 2. More generally, the invention therefore comprises means 114 for adjusting the relative position of the blade (s) (s) ( 105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') relative to the connecting means 102, functionally active on said blade (s) (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') or on the means 102 for connecting the tire 2 to adjusting the relative position of the blade (s) (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') relative to the tire 2 so that, during said relative movement, the blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b ') cuts along its circumference the flank (2a, 2c) of the tire 2. [0126] According to the embodiment of the invention which is the subject of the present description, the m Connecting means 102 further comprise a plurality of radial elements (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g) disposed radially outside the carousel 107 to serve as a support for at least a portion of a flank 2a of the tire 2. [0127] These radial elements (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g) are fixed relative to the frame 101. In particular, each of said radial elements (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g) comprises a rotating member (111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, 111f, 111g) with respect to an axis Y100 (substantially horizontal). This rotating element (111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, 111f, 111g) is configured to serve as a support for a portion of the sidewall 2a of said tire 2. This rotating element (111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, 111f , 111g) is preferably of the free type. Thus, when the tire 2 is locked relative to the carousel 107 and driven by it in rotation, the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire slides on the rotating elements (111a, 111b, 111c , 111d, 111e, 111f, 111g), causing their rotation. The construction aspects of the cutting heads (104a, 104b) according to the preferred embodiment of the machine 100 will be described in detail below. In the illustrated embodiment of the machine 100, the cutting heads (104a, 104b) are carried by the same slide 111. This slide 111 is movable relative to the connection means 102 (carousel 107 and locking means 108) to allow the cutting position to be adjusted radially (ie cutting line T) of the sidewall of the tire 2 with respect to said tire 2. The slideway 111 thus defines, in the illustrated example, the means 114 for adjusting the position of the blade relative to the connecting means 102 (carousel 107 and locking means 108). The slide 111 is configured to allow the cutting blades (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') to be disposed in such a way that the cutting line T is in a predetermined radial position of the tire 2. The slideway 111 is movable on a slide 132 forming part of the machine 100, along a direction D101. The direction D101 is a horizontal direction. The machine 100 comprises means 119 for handling the slideway 111.

These handling means 119 comprise, in the illustrated embodiment, a mechanism 120.  The worm gear mechanism 120 comprises a worm 121, connected to the frame 101, an element 122, screwed to this worm 121 and connected to the slideway 111, and a motor 123 for driving in relative rotation coupling element 122 and the worm screw 121, so as to allow the slide 111 to move along the slide 132.  The cutting heads (104a, 104b) are movably coupled to the slide 111.  These cutting heads (104a, 104b) move in a direction D100 (vertical) substantially orthogonal to the direction D101 of movement of the slide 111.  In addition, the cutting heads (104a, 104b) are movable in a direction D100 that is substantially parallel to the axis X100 of rotation of the carousel 107.  Each cutting head (104a, 104b) is provided with means 124 for handling with respect to the slideway 111.  Preferably, the means 124 for handling a cutting head 104a are independent of those of the other head 104b: in particular the handling means of the first cutting head 104a have been designated 124a, while those of the second cutting head 104b have been designated 124b.  The means (124a, 124b) for handling the cutting head (104a, 104b) relative to the slide 111 each comprise a worm mechanism (125a, 125b).  The auger mechanism (125a, 125b) comprises an endless screw (126a, 126b) connected to the slideway 111, a coupling element (127a, 127b), coupled to this worm screw ( 126a, 126b) and connected to the cutting head (104a, 104b), and drive means (128a, 128b) for driving in relative rotation the coupling element (127a, 127b) and the screw (126a, 126b). ), so as to allow the cutting head (104a, 104b) to move with respect to the slider 111.  The worm (126a, 126b) is locked relative to the slideway 111, and the coupling member (127a, 127b) is coupled to the motor means (128a, 128b) to be rotated relative to the screw (126a, 126b) so as to allow the translation of the cutting head (104a, 104b) relative to the slide 111.  In the illustrated example, the drive means (128a, 128b) are carried by the cutting heads (104a, 104b).  Each cutting head (104a, 104b) is slidably mounted on a slide 129 associated with slide 111.  The machine 100 also comprises means 112 for controlling and controlling said relative handling means 106 of the blade (105a, 105b) with respect to the tire 2, configured to adjust the speed of the relative movement of the blade (105a, 105b) with respect to the tire 2.  These control and control means 112 are integrated in a unit 130 for controlling and controlling the machine 100.  The machine 100 may also include means 113 for detecting a signal s1 representative of a vibration concerning the cutting operation or a vibration caused by the cut itself.  Preferably these detection means 113 are associated with the head (104a, 104b) or the blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') cutting.  The detection means 113 may also comprise at least one sensor configured to read an acceleration signal.  [0138] More preferably, each cutting head (104a, 104b) comprises one of said acceleration sensors.  More generally, the first cutting head 104a comprises first vibration detecting means 113a for the cutting operation and the second cutting head 104b comprises second vibration detecting means 113b relating to the cutting operation. cutting operation.  According to a first mode of configuration of the machine 100, the detection means 113 are connected to the control and control means 112 to make available to the latter the signal s1 representative of a vibration relating to the section, and the control and control means 112 are configured to adjust the relative movement speed blade / tire 2 as a function of a value of said signal s1.  In other words, the control and control means 112 are configured to adjust the speed of the relative pneumatic handling means 2 / cutting blade 10 according to a substantially inverse function of the level of vibration detected.  This inverse function can be a continuous or discontinuous function.  In addition, the control and control means 112 can be configured so that the above setting only occurs when a given threshold is exceeded or a vibration value is detected.  Therefore, if the level of vibration raised and connected to the section appears to increase, the relative speed of movement of the blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') relative to the tire 2 is decreased.  It has indeed been observed that the cut is more difficult at specific zones of the tire 2, in particular where there is a reinforcement structure comprising small steel cables.  This adjustment reduces the wear of the cutting blades, reduces the risk of damaging them and also increases cutting efficiency.  The machine 100 comprises means 118 for controlling and controlling means 134 for adjusting the relative position of the blade (s) (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') with respect to the surface of a sidewall (2a, 2c) of said tire 2, in other words adjusting the depth of cut.  According to the illustrated example, the means 134 for adjusting the depth of cut are constituted by means 124, already described above, handling the head (104a, 104b) relative to the slide 111.  The control and control means 118 may be integrated into a hardware or software module of the control and control unit 130 of the machine 100.  These means 118 are connected to the detection means 113 for receiving a signal s1 representative of a vibration relating to the section and are configured to adjust the relative position of the blade (105a, 105b) relative to the surface of a sidewall (2a). , 2c) of said tire 2, that is to say the depth of pass, as a function of a value of said signal s1.  The control and control means 118 are configured to adjust the depth of pass (depression of the blade in the sidewall (2a, 2c) along a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the tire 2 is perpendicular to the flank surface) according to an inverse function of the level of vibration detected.  [0147] In a manner analogous to all that has been described above, it is intended to reduce the depth of pass at the tire zones where, due to the presence of small steel cables or other support elements. Structural, the cut produces high values of vibration: this avoids any fatigue of the organs of the machine, reduces the wear of the blade and makes it possible to optimize the conditions of cut.  It is also possible to combine the adjustment of the depth of pass with the adjustment of the speed of movement of the relative handling means 106, both already described above.  The operation of the machine 100 will be described below, with particular reference to an example of an application which must not, however, be considered as limiting.  The operator performs the loading of the tire 2 at the loading zone 103, that is to say that he has the tire 2 resting on the carousel 107.  In the case of tires 2 having particularly large dimensions, such as tires of fifty-seven or sixty-three inches in diameter (this dimension refers to the inner diameter of the rim), it is expected that flanks flanks partially on the radial elements (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g).  The tire 2, in the locking configuration or transfer by the connecting means 102, is disposed with its substantially vertical axis, bearing on one of the two sides (2a, 2c).  The locking element 133 is actuated from the release position P100 (Figure 19) to that P101 blocking (Figure 22) so as to block the flank 2a against the carrousel 107 itself.  In the locking configuration, the tire 2 is bonded relative to the carousel 107, so as to be rotated by the carousel 107 itself.  The operator sets up the cutting heads (104a, 104b) to operate the circumferential cut at a preselected line T or a cutting zone, as shown in FIG. 22.  Generally, the flank cut (2a, 2c) runs near the junction zone between the yoke 2b and the flank (2a, 2c).  It can therefore be provided to cut each flank (2a, 2c) so that the flank (2a, 2c) separated from the yoke 2b includes the circumferential cable 32 stiffening steel.  The blades (105a, 105a ') of the first cutting head 104a are arranged in contact with the first side 2a, substantially vis-à-vis (below) thereof.  The blades (105b, 105b ') of the second cutting head 104b are disposed in contact with the second flank 2c, substantially vis-à-vis (above) thereof.  The carousel 107 is rotated, so that the cutting blades (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') cut along their circumference the flanks (2a, 2c) corresponding.  The cutting action of the first cutting head 104a can be delayed so that the complete separation of the second flank 2c (that arranged above in the accompanying figures) of the yoke 2b occurs before that of the first flank 2a (that arranged below in the accompanying figures): this prevents the tire 2 may sag or deform incorrectly, making it difficult and even hindering the cut.  For this purpose, the first cutting head 104a is brought into contact with the corresponding side 2a to be cut after the second cutting head 104b has already cut off a portion of the circumference of the second sidewall 2c of the tire 2.  According to a variant of the embodiment described above, the cutting blades (105a, 105a '; 105b, 105b') of each cutting head (104a; 104b) are arranged at different heights along the direction of penetration into the sidewall (that is, vertically in the illustrated figures).  The carousel 107 is rotated in a direction in which the flank (2a, 2c) undergoes, in order, first the cutting action of the blade (105a, 105b) disposed further from the flank surface (2a, 2c) along the direction of penetration and subsequently the cutting action of the blade (105a ', 105b') disposed closer to the flank (2a, 2c) along the direction penetration: this allows, advantageously, to distribute the section of each side between the two blades (105a, 105a '105b, 105b') and reduce the power required for cutting and wear of the blades themselves.  Each blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') has a section profile substantially inclined relative to the bearing plane of the tire.  The carousel 107 is actuated in rotation as the cutting of the first and second sidewall (2a, 2c) has not occurred.  In this way, the tire 2 is divided into three parts: a first sidewall 2a, a second sidewall 2c and a clevis 2b.  The machine 100 may also be equipped with means 131 for detecting the presence of a person at an operating zone defining this machine 100, means configured to provide a signal s2 concerning the presence of a machine. person at this operating area.  The control and control unit 130 is then configured to stop the relative handling means 106, in the case where the presence of a person at the level of said operating zone has been detected.  According to another aspect of the invention, the machine 100 comprises pressing means 136 (well shown in Figures 24 and 25).  These pressing means 136 are configured to act on one of the two sides (2a, 2c) of the tire 2.  In particular, the pressing means 136 comprise a rotary element 137 configured to rotate about an axis of rotation during the relative movement of the tire 2 relative to the cutting blades (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b').  This rotating element 137 is preferably of the free type, and may be formed for example of one or more rollers.  In the embodiment that is the subject of the present description, the pressing means 136 are associated with a cutting unit 104b, in particular with the upper cutting unit 104b.  The roller 137 is carried by the cutting unit 104b, so that it is movable in a movement direction D102 (this direction is preferably parallel to the axis of the tire 2, ie say vertical).  The pressing means 136 comprise an actuator 138, configured to handle the rotating part 137 along the direction of movement D102.  The roller 137 acts on the surface of the flank 2c, coming into contact therewith and exerting pressure on the surface at the region in which the circumferential cut occurs.  The roller 137 thus facilitates the cutting of the sidewall 2c, and promotes the action of the blade on the side 2c.  It makes it possible to bring the zone of the sidewall close to the cutting blade to a pre-established height, compensating for any irregularities or asperities in height (bumps) present on the sidewall 2c itself, before these asperities come to the surface. contact of the blade.  In addition, the roller 137 has a portion 137a of larger diameter and a portion 137b of smaller diameter.  Between the two parts 137a and 137b is delimited a shoulder 139.  The fact that the two parts 137a and 137b of the roller 137 have a different diameter between them makes it possible to exert an action of spacing the flank 2c which facilitates the cutting action of the blade.  Indeed the flank portions 2c separated by the cutting line T are subjected to an action on the part of one or the other of the two parts (137a and 137b) of the roller 137: which facilitates the cutting by the blade .  In use, the enlarged portion 137a is disposed proximal to the axis of the tire 2 while the portion 137b of smaller diameter is disposed distal to the axis of the tire 2.  In another aspect, not shown in the accompanying figures, the machine 100 comprises a sensor configured to raise the distance between the blade and the yoke 2b.  This sensor makes it possible to raise the position of the yoke 2b with respect to the frame 101 and to deduce therefrom the position of the tire 2 with respect to the same frame 101.  The control unit 130 is then configured to position the blade radially according to the position of the yoke 2b.  This offers the advantage of allowing the action of the blade to continue, so that it is possible to make a circumferential cut, even in the case where the axis of the tire is not centered. compared to that of carousel 107.  The invention also relates to a method for operating the cutting of the flanks (2a, 2c) of a tire 2, comprising the steps of: - providing a frame 101; - Providing connecting means 102, configured to bind the tire 2 in a pre-established position relative to the frame 101, corresponding to a loading zone 103 of said tire 2; providing at least one cutting head (104a, 104b) equipped with a cutting blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') for cutting a sidewall (2a, 2c) of said tire (2); arranging the cutting blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') in contact with the sidewall (2a, 2c); - applying a movement relative to said blade (105a, 105b) and said tire 2 so that during said relative movement, the cutting blade (105a, 105b) cuts along the circumference of the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2.  According to the accompanying drawings, there is designated by 200 an equipment or a machine for splitting a portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of a tire 2 into pieces 2s.  In particular, in the present description, the term "part" (2a, 2b, 2c) of a tire 2 means a sidewall (2a, 2c) thereof or the yoke 2b of the tire.  By the term "splitting into pieces" is meant splitting into pieces of smaller dimensions of the portion being formed in the machine 200.  [0178] According to the invention, the machine 200 comprises a frame 201.  Such a machine, as will be better described below, can adopt two configurations depending on the type of part (sidewall 2a, 2c or clevis 2b) being formed: a first configuration, illustrated in Figures 27, 28 and 29 , in the case where it is necessary to perform the splitting of the yoke 2b of a tire 2; a second configuration, illustrated in FIG. 30, in the case of splitting the sidewall (2a, 2c) of a tire 2.  The machine 200 comprises support means 204 on which said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire is supported.  These means 204 support, in the example shown by way of example and not limited to, are constituted by a plurality of rotating members 210 support.  These rotary support members 210 are preferably crazy-type rotary elements.  [0182] Preferably, the rotating support members 210 consist of rollers.  It should be noted that, preferably, each rotary member 210 is constituted by a roller, configured to rotate about its own axis.  If one refers to the example shown in Figure 28 (first configuration), the machine 200 is configured with rotating members 210 arranged with substantially parallel axis X201.  If one refers to this first configuration, it is noted that the rotary members 210 arranged with substantially parallel axis X201 define a rectilinear path PR feeding the tire yoke 2c 2.  These rotary members 210 are carried by a first support member 212.  If one refers to the second configuration of the machine 200, the rotating support members 210 are arranged radially with respect to an axis X202 (vertical), to allow rotation about said axis X202 of the sidewall (2a, 2c). of the tire 2 disposed in bearing on these rotary members 210.  These radially arranged rotating members 210 are carried by a second support member 213.  [0188] Preferably, the second support element 213 is removable relative to the frame 201.  This second support element 213 may also be provided with rolling members, to allow the operator to move it easily and consequently to favor the modification of the configuration of the machine 200.  The first support element 212 may also be removable relative to the frame 201 to facilitate the configuration change of the machine 200 by the operator.  The machine 200 comprises means 203 for supplying said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire, configured to feed a cutting station 214 in portions of the tire to be split (the sidewall 2a, 2c or the clevis 2b).  Preferably, the feed means 203 comprise driving members (208a, 208b) cooperating with each other to supply the cutting station 214 with parts of the tire to be split (the sidewall 2a, 2c or the coping 2b).  In another aspect, the machine 200 comprises means 222 for adjusting the relative (vertical) position of said drive members (208a, 208b).  These adjustment means 222 advantageously make it possible to adjust the position of the drive members as a function of the dimensions (thickness) of the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire being shaped.  According to the illustrated embodiment, the drive member 208a is movable along a guide 223 in a vertical direction.  Said drive member 208a is thus movable between an extreme release position (Figure 22) and another engagement (Figure 5) with the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 24 being shaped.  According to yet another aspect, the machine 200 comprises a plurality of other rotary members 211 arranged laterally with respect to said rotatable support members 210 for laterally containing said portion of the tire 2.  These other rotary members 211 are preferably free-rotating type rollers.  Preferably the machine 200 comprises means for adjusting the position of these rotary members 211, to allow an adjustment of their position as a function of the dimensions of the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 being shaped. .  The cutting station 214, which is part of the invention, comprises cutting means 205.  The cutting means 205 comprise a first blade 205a and a second blade 205b pivoting hinge relative to each other at a bearing point 206, and cooperating with each other in order to define a shear 207.  The first blade 205a and the second blade 205b are configured to rotate in a substantially vertical plane, that is, to rotate about a horizontal axis.  The blade 205a is fixed to the frame 201 and the other blade 205b is movable relative to the frame 201.  The first blade 205a and the second blade 205b are shaped so that the section of said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 begins at an end portion of the blades 205a, 205b, distal by report to the fulcrum 206.  In other words, the end portion of the blades 205a, 205b distal to the fulcrum 206 first comes into contact, as a result of the relative movement of the blades (205a, 205b) which are approaching, with the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 subjected to cutting.  The blades (205a, 205b) are thus shaped so that the section of the tire progresses from their distal portion relative to the bearing point 206 at their proximal portion: this advantageously makes it easier to cut and reduce the power required for cutting.  [0200] The first blade 225a comprises five cutting edges, designated in FIG. 31 by the reference numerals 225f, 225g, 225h, 225i, 2251.  The second blade 225b comprises five cutting edges, designated in FIG. 31 by the reference numerals 225a, 225b, 225c, 225d, 225e.  With respect to the central cutting edge of each blade (225h for the blade 205a and 225c for the blade 205b) the remaining cutting edges have an inclination with respect to the cutting plane (namely that of the position of the cutting edges themselves and of the movement of the blade). blade 205b) which grows when one moves away from the central cutting itself.  [0201] With respect to the central cutting edge of each blade (225h for the blade 205a and 225c for the blade 205b), the proximal and distal cutting edges of each blade (respectively 225f and 2251 for the blade 205a and 225a and 225e for the blade 205b ) have an inclination with respect to the cutting plane greater than that of the adjacent cutting edges (225b and 225d for the blade 205b and 225g and 225i for the blade 205a).  [0202] The cutting edges (225f, 225g, 225h, 225i, 2251, 225a, 225b, 225c, 225d, 225e) of each blade (205a; 205b) define a broken curve.  The arrangement of the cutting means 205 ensures that the cut occurs particularly efficiently, by preventing the cut piece from being suddenly detached, and by avoiding any undesired stress applied to the frame 201 of the machine. 200 herself.  The cutting means 205 are handled by means of handling means 215.  These handling means 215 act on the blades (205a, 205b) to move them between an extreme rest position, shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, and an extreme close position, which is reached when the section of the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 has been completely executed (see Figure 32).  In particular, according to the embodiment described and illustrated, the handling means 215 comprise an actuator 216 interposed between the first blade 205a and the second blade 205b.  In the illustrated example, one of the two blades (the first 205a) is fixed relative to the frame 201 while the other of the two blades (the second 205b) is movable.  The actuator 216 is preferably a hydraulic type actuator.  In particular, this actuator 216 comprises a jack 217 hydraulic provided with a piston 218 sliding relative to the jack 217; either the cylinder 217 or the piston 218 is fixed (hinged pivot) to the second blade 205b and the other of these two components is fixed (pivoted hinge) to the first blade 205a.  Preferably, the actuator 216 comprises a pair of hydraulic cylinders 217 of the type described above.  According to the invention, the machine 200 comprises means 203 for feeding said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2, configured to feed the cutting station 214 in parts (2a, 2b, 2c) of the Pneumatic 2.  The supply means 203 comprise driving members 208, configured to drive the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 towards the cutting means 205.  These drive members 208 comprise rollers (208a, 208b) cooperating with each other and acting on opposite surfaces (C1, C2) of said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2.  According to the illustrated example, the machine 200 comprises an upper roll 208a and a plurality of lower rollers 208b.  The lower rollers 208b bear in support of the part of the tire 2 during processing and shaping, near the cutting station 214.  At least the roller (208a) acting on a surface C1 of the portion (2a, 2b, 2c) can be actuated by means of rotating drive means 209a.  The other rollers (208b) acting on the other tire surface C2 can also be actuated by means of rotating drive means 209b.  The means 209a and 209b for rotating the rollers (208a, 208b) may comprise a motor, of the electric type.  The roller 208a can be actuated by means of the drive means 209a is configured so that its position along the axis X200 rotation is adjustable: this advantageously allows, during the shaping of the sidewall ( 2a, 2c), centering the roller 208a with respect to the middle circumference of the sidewall (2a, 2c) so that the sidewall drive action is optimal.  It should be noted that the drive members (208a, 208b) are associated with a unit 219 movable relative to the frame 201 to be arranged in a first position P200, where the machine 200 is in the first configuration, namely for shaping the clevis 2b of the tire 2, and in a second position P201, where the machine 200 is in the second configuration, namely for shaping the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2.  The mobile unit 219 is pivotally hinged relative to the frame 201, so as to be rotatable between the positions (P200, P201) aforesaid about a vertical axis X203.  The mobile unit 219 performs, between the positions P200 and P201 above, a rotation of an angle preferably of less than 45 ° and more preferably less than 30 °: as a result of this rotation, the members (208a, 208b) of drive are moved in a horizontal plane.  Thus, when the machine 200 is in the first configuration, the mobile unit 219 is in the P200 position, with the drive rollers (208a, 208b) disposed with their axis substantially parallel to the support rollers 210.  On the other hand, when the machine 200 is in the second configuration, the mobile unit 219 is in the second position P201, with the drive rollers (208a, 208b) arranged radially with respect to a common center X202.  In this way, when the drive members (208a, 208b) are in the first position P200, their axis of rotation is substantially parallel to the vertical plane of movement of the second blade 205b (cutting plane); as to the contrary the drive members (208a, 208b) are in the second position P201, their axis of rotation is in a position inclined relative to the vertical plane of displacement of the first blade 205a (cutting plane).  The operation of the invention will be described below, with particular reference to the machine 200 shown in the accompanying figures and to the treatment respectively of a sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2 or a clevis 2b of the same tire 2.  As has already been explained above, the machine 200 is configured according to the second configuration in the case where a sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2 is shaped.  The flank (2a, 2c) to be cut has been previously freed of the reinforcing steel cable of the beads which is embedded inside the tire bead and which constitutes a structural support of the tire 2.  In the first configuration, the machine comprises the second element 213 for supporting rotating members 210 arranged radially with respect to an axis X202.  The unit 219 is disposed in the second position P201, so that the drive members (208a, 208b) are arranged radially with respect to an axis or common center X202.  The flank (2a, 2c) is placed in abutment on the rotational members 210 of support, with a face with greater planar development arranged (horizontally) bearing on the rotating members 210 support.  In a variant, it is also possible to simultaneously treat the two sidewalls (2a, 2c) of the tire 2: in this case, a first sidewall 2a of the two sidewalls (2a, 2c) is disposed resting on the rotary members 210 and the second flank 2c is superimposed on the first so that the largest planar development of the second flank 2c is in contact with a face of the first flank 2a.  After properly positioning the flank on the rotating members 210 support, the blades (205a, 205b) are actuated to perform a first cut or a first size of the sidewall.  [0224] Actuation of the blades (205a, 205b) to cut the sidewall (2a, 2c) occurs by rotating the upper blade 205a so as to bring it closer to the lower blade 205b.  This cut or size occurs substantially in a radial direction of the sidewall (2a, 2c).  The driving members 208, in particular the first member 208a, are rotated so as to rotate the flank (2a, 2c) with respect to the axis X202.  This rotation of the sidewall (2a, 2c) with respect to the axis X202 causes the line along which the cutting of the sidewall (2a, 2c) occurs to move and a new sidewall portion ( 2a, 2c), on which will be performed the second cut, is found disposed at the cutting line defined by the blades (205a, 205b) themselves.  [0226] Actuation of the blades (205a, 205b) to their cutting position causes a second cut in the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire 2.  [0227] Following the second cut, the flank portion (hereinafter referred to as the "piece") between the first and the second cut line becomes detached from the remainder of the body of the flank itself. .  To perform the fractionation of the sidewall in a multiplicity of pieces 2s, it is necessary to repeat several times the cycle described above - driving in rotation of the sidewall and actuation of the blades to the cutting position.  The pieces 2s of the sidewall (2a, 2c) fall at a collection zone 220, disposed below the cutting blades 205a and 205b.  At the end of the shaping the flank (2a, 2c) is completely divided into pieces 2s radial.  [0231] Referring to the splitting into pieces 2s of the yoke 2b, the machine 200 is configured in accordance with the first configuration.  [0232] Figure 27 dotted the clevis 2b during the loading step.  In this position a first cut is made in the yoke and subsequently it is extended on the rotary members 210.  The machine 200 comprises the first support element 212, provided with rotating support members 210 having axes parallel to each other, and the mobile unit 219 is arranged in the first position P200, so that the drive members 208 are arranged parallel to the rotary members 210.  The yoke 2b, which has an annular conformation with a substantially U-shaped section, is placed in abutment on the rotary members 210 of the support of FIG. 30 so that a part of the external surface (or of a clevis ) is supported on the rotating members 210 support.  This is followed by a first section of the ring constituting the yoke, so as to split the ring itself.  In this position a first cut is made in the yoke and subsequently it is extended on the rotary members 210.  [0235] As a result of said cutting or splitting of the ring defining the yoke 2b, the yoke is disposed on the rotating support members 210 so as to define a single rectilinear body 221 having a substantially "U" -shaped section which extends longitudinally substantially in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotating members 210 support.  This rectilinear single body 221 is moved, by means of the drive rollers 208, along the rectilinear path PR defined by the support members 210 themselves.  In this way, successive and consecutive portions of the rectilinear body 221 are brought to the level of the cutting station 214 to be cut.  In a manner similar to that described above with reference to a flank (2a, 2c), the clevis portion 2b between two successive cutting lines, that is to say a piece of screed, falls on the underlying collection area 220.  Thus, with consecutive cycles of displacement of the rectilinear body 221 of the yoke towards the cutting station 214 and the actuation of the cutting blades (205a, 205b), the fractionation into pieces 2s of the entire rectilinear body 221.  In order to improve the cutting of the tire 2 and, in particular, the stability of the machine relative to the ground during cutting, during which high cutting forces are produced, the blades (205a, 205b) are provided with cutting edges (225f, 225g, 225h, 225i, 2251, 225a, 225b, 225c, 225d, 225e) having a serration or individual teeth (DT).  This serration or these individual teeth, clearly visible in FIGS. 34 and 35, make it possible to facilitate the cutting of the tire (sidewall or screed being shaped), by reducing the vibrations related to the cutting and the wear of the tools. themselves.  In Figure 34 are shown, for the sake of simplicity, only a few of the cutting edges (225b, 225c, 225g, 225h, 225i).  The machine 200, in use, preferably includes cutting edges defining a serration extending along a broken curve.  Each cutting edge may have a substantially continuous serration or extending over the entire length of the cutting edge (FIG. 34), or have only one tooth (DT), as illustrated in FIG. 35 which represents a variant of detail K1 of Figure 34.  For example, some cutting edges may have teeth or serrations, while others may be missing (Figure 36).  According to the embodiment of Figure 36, the movable blade 205b has cutting edges provided with teeth while the fixed blade 205a has cutting edges provided with serrations.  An advantage of this machine 200 is that, thanks to its particular structure and the configuration of its constituent elements, it is able to handle tires of particularly large dimensions and mass.  In addition, such a machine 200 is able to process quickly and efficiently both a sidewall and the tire yoke 2, which allows to break these parts of the tire into pieces to be subjected to a subsequent disposal treatment .  The present invention defines a method for splitting a portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of a tire 2 into pieces 2s, said portion being constituted by a flank (2a, 2c) or a clevis 2b of said Pneumatic 2.  This method comprises the steps of: - providing support bearing support on said part (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2; supplying means 205 for cutting in portions (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire resting on the support means; cutting, by means of said cutting means 205, said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 to split said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire 2 into pieces 2s.  FIG. 26 illustrates a device 300 for handling the tire 2, namely for handling the tire 2 (or more generally a flank or the yoke thereof) between the various machines which implement the method of the invention. the invention.  It should be noted that this device 300 comprises three arms (301a, 301b, 301c).  Preferably the three arms (301a, 301b, 301c) are arranged at 120 °.  Each of the three arms is equipped with hooking means (302a, 302b, 302c) of the tire 2.  Each hooking means (302a, 302b, 302c) preferably comprises a C-member slidably associated with the arm (302a, 302b, 302c) and having a curved lower end for hooking the tire 2.  Preferably the attachment means (302a, 302b, 302c) are movable longitudinally with respect to the arms 301a, 301b, 301c), to allow the position of the attachment means to be adjusted according to the dimensions of the tire to be gripped: advantageously, this allows you to handle tires of any size.  The device 300 is equipped with means 303 for anchoring chains, which allow the fixing of chains for transporting the device 300 by means of a traveling crane, a crane or a mechanical lifting means.  The device 300 advantageously makes it possible to load and unload the tire 2 between the various stations. 15

Claims (11)

CLAIMS1) Process for the treatment of a tire (2) at the end of its life, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - a) extracting, from each sidewall (2a, 2c), a cable (32) metal material constituting the support structure of said tire (2); - b) cutting each sidewall (2a, 2c) of a tire (2) along its circumference to subdivide the tire (2) into a first sidewall (2a), a second sidewall (2c) and a clevis (2b) ; - c) fractionating said flanks (2a, 2c) into radial pieces and said yoke (2b) into longitudinal pieces. 2) The method of claim 1, wherein said steps a), b) and c) are performed in the following chronological order: step a), step b) and step c). 3) Process in which said steps a), b) and c) are performed in the following chronological order: step b), step a) and step c). 4) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said step a) comprises the steps of: - arranging said sidewall (2a) of the tire (2) bearing on means (4) support in a pre-established position; predispose a hook (6) for extracting the cable (32); arranging the hook (6) in a position (P1) of engagement with the sidewall (2a) of said tire and hooking the inner surface of said sidewall (2a); moving the hook (6) in a direction (D1) of extraction, from the position (P1) of engagement to a position (P2) of release and extraction of the cable (32) of the sidewall (2a). 5) Method according to the preceding claim, wherein said step a) further comprises the steps of: predispose a movable member (9) for removing the cable (32) of the hook; moving said movable member (9), when the hook (6) is in said position (P2) of disengagement and extraction, a position (P3) of rest at a position (P4) of operation to go to the encountering the cable (32) coupled to said hook (6) and removing the cable (32) from the hook (6). 6) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said step b) comprises the steps of: - providing a frame (101); - Providing connecting means (102), configured to lock the tire (2) in a pre-established position relative to the frame (101), at a zone (103) for loading said tire 2; providing at least one cutting head (104a, 104b) equipped with a cutting blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') for cutting a sidewall (2a, 2c) of said tire (2); arranging the cutting blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') in contact with a flank (2a, 2c); applying movement relative to said blade (105a, 105b) and to said tire (2) so that, during said relative movement, the cutting blade (105a, 105b) cuts along the circumference of the sidewall (2a, 2c) of the tire (2). 7) The method of claim 6, wherein the step of applying a movement relative to said blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b') and said tire (2) provides for moving said tire (2) by relative to the blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b'). 8) A method according to any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein, in said step of applying movement relative to said blade (105a, 105b) and said tire (2), it is intended to apply pressure on at least one of the two flanks (2a, 2c) to facilitate the cutting action of said blade (105a, 105a ', 105b, 105b'). 9) Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein step c) comprises the steps of: cl) arranging said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire (2) bearing on means (204) support; - c2) supplying means (205) for cutting in portions (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire resting on the support means (204); c3) cutting, by means of said cutting means (205), said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire (2) to split said portion (2a, 2b, 2c) of the tire (2) into pieces (2s ). The method of claim 9, wherein said cutting step c3) comprises a step of relative movement of a first hinge-pivotable blade (205b) relative to the second blade (205a) at a fulcrum (206). ) and cooperating with said second blade (205a) to define a shear (207). 11) The method of claim 10, wherein in the cutting step, it is intended to begin cutting at an end portion of the blades (205a, 205b), distal to the fulcrum (206). ) .5