FR2985758A1 - Variable volume chamber for fluid machine utilized as e.g. pump, formed by arrangement of external gears whose pinions rotate in same direction in homokinetic manner, where axes of rotation of pinions are parallel to each other - Google Patents

Variable volume chamber for fluid machine utilized as e.g. pump, formed by arrangement of external gears whose pinions rotate in same direction in homokinetic manner, where axes of rotation of pinions are parallel to each other Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2985758A1
FR2985758A1 FR1200142A FR1200142A FR2985758A1 FR 2985758 A1 FR2985758 A1 FR 2985758A1 FR 1200142 A FR1200142 A FR 1200142A FR 1200142 A FR1200142 A FR 1200142A FR 2985758 A1 FR2985758 A1 FR 2985758A1
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variable volume
pinions
volume chamber
axes
rotation
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French (fr)
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Pierre Moscovino
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/24Rotary-piston machines or engines of counter-engagement type, i.e. the movement of co-operating members at the points of engagement being in opposite directions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/08Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F01C1/082Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or engines
    • F01C1/084Toothed wheels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The chamber is formed by an arrangement of external gears. Pinions of the external gears rotate in a same direction in a homokinetic manner. Axes of rotation (O1-O3) of the pinions are parallel and equidistant to each other. The pinions are identical to each other and equal number of teeth. Shapes of the tooth in a plane perpendicular to an axis are an involute of a circle. Each pinion comprises three teeth for three axes of rotation or two teeth for four axes of rotation. Propellers of the pinions exhibit same angle and same direction.

Description

La présente invention concerne une machine à fluide pouvant indifféremment fonctionner en tant que machine motrice ou en tant que pompe. Cette machine est constituée d'engrenages formant une chambre étanche de volume variable que nous appellerons par la suite chambre à diaphragme étant donné sa faculté à se dilater et se contracter jusqu'à fermeture. Les pignons qui délimitent cette chambre tournent rigoureusement dans le même sens et ce de façon parfaitement homocinétique. Ces engrenages extérieurs sont du type à contre engrènement, dit aussi engrenages paradoxaux. Les axes de rotation sont parallèles et équidistants selon trois ou quatre arbres, ce qui permet au fluide de travail de traverser le système dans le sens axial. The present invention relates to a fluid machine that can work indifferently as a prime mover or as a pump. This machine consists of gears forming a sealed chamber of variable volume that we will call later diaphragm chamber given its ability to expand and contract until closed. The gables that define this room rotate rigorously in the same direction and this perfectly homokinetic. These external gears are of the counter-meshing type, also known as paradoxical gears. The axes of rotation are parallel and equidistant according to three or four shafts, which allows the working fluid to traverse the system in the axial direction.

La géométrie particulière de ces engrenages permet d'obtenir par leur emboîtement un contact permanent par glissement qui assure l'étanchéité du système. Les pompes et turbines actuelles ont besoin d'un conduit pour contraindre le fluide autour du rotor ou du piston. Ici les rotors assurent entre eux l'étanchéité du système et le guidage du flux sans qu'il y ait besoin d'élément supplémentaire. Chaque rotor étant parfaitement identique, la conception de la machine revient à réaliser plusieurs fois la même pièce pour obtenir l'unité fonctionnelle d'une chambre à diaphragme. De ce fait, le dispositif, selon l'invention, a un prix de revient particulièrement avantageux. Outre sa simplicité, le système présente l'avantage d'être relativement silencieux si le matériau utilisé permet des glissements sans frottements. Chaque engrenage en mouvement est parfaitement équilibré et ne provoque pas de vibration, ce qui est un avantage comparé aux systèmes excentrés à piston ou à piston rotatif. De plus, la machine favorise un flux de travail laminaire contrairement aux systèmes à une hélice qui génèrent des turbulences. The particular geometry of these gears makes it possible to obtain, by their engagement, a permanent contact by sliding which ensures the tightness of the system. Current pumps and turbines require a conduit to constrain the fluid around the rotor or piston. Here the rotors provide between them the sealing of the system and the guidance of the flow without the need for additional element. Each rotor being perfectly identical, the design of the machine is to perform several times the same piece to obtain the functional unit of a diaphragm chamber. As a result, the device according to the invention has a particularly advantageous cost price. In addition to its simplicity, the system has the advantage of being relatively silent if the material used allows sliding without friction. Each moving gear is perfectly balanced and does not cause vibration, which is an advantage compared to eccentric piston or rotary piston systems. In addition, the machine promotes a laminar workflow unlike one-screw systems that generate turbulence.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description qui suit le mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels : - La figure 1 représente le mode de construction géométrique des engrenages. Leur géométrie simple peut se construire sur le modèle d'une rosace à six branches. Pour un pignon, chacun des trois sommets est le centre du cercle qui dessine le bord opposé. - La figure 2 est une section par un plan perpendiculaire aux axes de l'engrenage. La chambre à diaphragme C est délimitée par trois pignons dont les axes de rotation 01, 02 et 03 forment un triangle équilatéral. Pour ce système à trois axes, chaque pignon comporte trois dents. - La figure 3 représente la cinématique du système à trois axes. Lorsque les trois pignons font un tiers de tour, la surface de la chambre, au niveau de la coupe se dilate puis se contracte, passant d'une surface nulle C3 a une surface maximale C7 équivalente à 03-n/2)R2. Une révolution des trois rotors correspond à trois compressions / détentes de la chambre centrale. - La figure 4 représente le mode de construction géométrique des engrenages lorsque la chambre à diaphragme est délimitée par quatre pignons. Leur géométrie simple peut se construire par l'intersection de deux cercles de même rayon (R) dont les centres sont distants de .12R. - La figure 5 est une section par un plan perpendiculaire aux axes de l'engrenage pour le système à quatre axes. La chambre à diaphragme D est délimitée par quatre pignons dont les axes de rotation P1, P2, P3 et P4 forment un carré. Ici chaque pignon comporte deux dents. Cette extension du système à trois arbres, se faisant sans difficulté, reste du domaine de l' invention. - La figure 6 représente la cinématique du système à quatre axes. Lorsque les quatre pignons font un demi tour, la surface de la chambre, au niveau de la coupe se dilate puis se contracte, passant d'une surface nulle D3 a une surface maximale 07 équivalente à (4-n)R2. Une révolution des quatre rotors correspond à deux compressions / détentes de la chambre 25 centrale. - La figure 7 est une vue supérieure lorsque le système utilise des pignons hélicoïdaux. L'hélice de chaque pignon a le même angle et le même sens. Une hélice d'une longueur d'au moins 1/n tour permet d'obtenir un système très intéressant car il ferme la chambre centrale 30 en un point mobile le long des axes de rotation, ce qui oriente le trajet du fluide qui traverse le système selon le sens de rotation. L'utilisation de pignons hélicoïdaux pour le système à quatre arbres, se faisant sans difficulté, reste du domaine de l'invention. - La figure 8 représente une vue en perspective du système correspondant à la figure 7. La hauteur choisie selon l'axe des pignons détermine le volume du flux transitant par la chambre à diaphragme par tour d'engrenage. - La figure 9 est une extension du système comportant plusieurs chambres à diaphragmes. Il est en effet rentable d'augmenter le nombre de pignons pour augmenter le nombre de chambres à diaphragme puisque, selon le système à trois arbres, trois pignons forment une chambre et, par exemple, sept pignons forment six chambres. Le système à quatre arbres peut subir le même type d'extension sans difficulté. Quatre 10 pignons forment une chambre et, par exemple, neuf pignons forment quatre chambres. La forme massive des dents évite la troncature des sommets de dents, ce qui permet d'avoir la conduite maximale par le profil. Le taillage, la finition et le contrôle de ces engrenages relève des mêmes techniques 15 que celles utilisées pour les engrenages classiques à développante de cercle (en particulier taillage par fraise mère). Conformément à l'invention, ce système peut fonctionner dans les deux sens. En temps que moteur il transforme le déplacement contraint d'un fluide en mouvement rotatif 20 continu. En temps que pompe, il transforme un mouvement rotatif continu en déplacement de fluide. L'étanchéité de la chambre centrale dépendra de la précision de l'usinage, et pourra être améliorée par l'utilisation de segment d'étanchéité. La synchronisation des pignons pourra être améliorée par un engrenage classique ce qui aura l'avantage de centraliser les mouvements de rotation sur un seul arbre. L'invention est donc l'organe central de la machine 25 à laquelle devront s'ajouter d'autres éléments selon l'utilisation voulue. L'invention couvre également, outre la chambre à diaphragme elle-même, toutes les applications utilisant une ou plusieurs caractéristiques de l'engrenage formant la chambre, puis seul ou en combinaison avec des engrenages classiques dans quelque domaine que ce soit. 30 Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows the embodiment given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 shows the geometric construction mode of the gears. Their simple geometry can be built on the model of a rosette with six branches. For a pinion, each of the three vertices is the center of the circle that draws the opposite edge. - Figure 2 is a section through a plane perpendicular to the axes of the gear. The diaphragm chamber C is delimited by three gears whose axes of rotation 01, 02 and 03 form an equilateral triangle. For this three-axis system, each pinion has three teeth. - Figure 3 shows the kinematics of the three-axis system. When the three gears are one third of a turn, the surface of the chamber, at the level of the section expands and contracts, passing from a zero surface C3 to a maximum surface C7 equivalent to 03-n / 2) R2. A revolution of the three rotors corresponds to three compressions / relaxations of the central chamber. FIG. 4 represents the geometric construction mode of the gears when the diaphragm chamber is delimited by four gears. Their simple geometry can be constructed by the intersection of two circles of the same radius (R) whose centers are distant from .12R. - Figure 5 is a section through a plane perpendicular to the axes of the gear for the four-axis system. The diaphragm chamber D is delimited by four pinions whose axes of rotation P1, P2, P3 and P4 form a square. Here each pinion has two teeth. This extension of the three-shaft system, without difficulty, remains within the scope of the invention. - Figure 6 shows the kinematics of the four-axis system. When the four gears are half a turn, the surface of the chamber at the section expands and contracts, passing from a zero surface D3 to a maximum area 07 equivalent to (4-n) R2. A revolution of the four rotors corresponds to two compressions / relaxations of the central chamber. - Figure 7 is a top view when the system uses helical gears. The propeller of each pinion has the same angle and the same direction. A propeller having a length of at least 1 / n turn makes it possible to obtain a very interesting system because it closes the central chamber 30 at a point that is mobile along the axes of rotation, which guides the path of the fluid that passes through the system according to the direction of rotation. The use of helical gears for the four-shaft system, without difficulty, remains within the scope of the invention. FIG. 8 represents a perspective view of the system corresponding to FIG. 7. The height chosen along the axis of the gears determines the volume of the flow passing through the diaphragm chamber per gear revolution. FIG. 9 is an extension of the system comprising several diaphragm chambers. It is indeed profitable to increase the number of gears to increase the number of diaphragm chambers since, according to the three-shaft system, three gears form a chamber and, for example, seven gables form six chambers. The four-shaft system can undergo the same type of extension without difficulty. Four gables form a chamber and, for example, nine gables form four chambers. The massive shape of the teeth avoids the truncation of the tops of teeth, which allows to have the maximum driving by the profile. The cutting, finishing and control of these gears is a matter of the same techniques as those used for conventional involute gears (particularly hobbing). According to the invention, this system can operate in both directions. As a motor it converts the constrained displacement of a fluid into a continuous rotary motion. As a pump, it transforms a continuous rotary motion into fluid displacement. The tightness of the central chamber will depend on the precision of the machining, and may be improved by the use of sealing segment. The synchronization of the pinions can be improved by a conventional gear which will have the advantage of centralizing the rotational movements on a single shaft. The invention is therefore the central body of the machine 25 to which will be added other elements according to the intended use. The invention also covers, in addition to the diaphragm chamber itself, all applications using one or more characteristics of the gear forming the chamber, then alone or in combination with conventional gears in any field whatsoever. 30

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable formée par l'agencement d'engrenages extérieurs, caractérisé en ce que les pignons desdits engrenages tournent dans le même sens de façon parfaitement homocinétique. CLAIMS1) Variable volume chamber device formed by the external gear arrangement, characterized in that the gears of said gears rotate in the same direction in a perfectly homokinetic manner. 2) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les axes de rotation des pignons sont parallèles et équidistants. 2) variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of rotation of the gears are parallel and equidistant. 3) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pignons formant la chambre sont identiques, c'est-à-dire qu'ils ont le même nombre de dents. 3) Variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pinions forming the chamber are identical, that is to say they have the same number of teeth. 4) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le profil des dents dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe est une développante de cercle. 4) Variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile of the teeth in a plane perpendicular to the axis is a involute circle. 5) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que pour trois axes de rotation chaque pignon possède trois dents. 5) Variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that for three axes of rotation each pinion has three teeth. 6) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface maximale de la chambre au niveau de la coupe est égale à (13-n/2)R2. 6) A variable volume chamber device according to claim 5, characterized in that the maximum area of the chamber at the section is equal to (13-n / 2) R2. 7) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que pour quatre axes de rotation chaque pignon possède deux dents. 7) Variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that for four axes of rotation each pinion has two teeth. 8) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface maximale de la chambre au niveau de la coupe est égale à (4-7c)R2. 8) A variable volume chamber device according to claim 7, characterized in that the maximum area of the chamber at the section is equal to (4-7c) R2. 9) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque dent est sur une hélice d'une longueur d'au moins 1/n tour. 9) variable volume chamber device according to claim 1, characterized in that each tooth is on a helix of a length of at least 1 / n turn. 10) Dispositif de chambre à volume variable selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'hélice de chaque pignon à le même angle et le même sens. 10) Variable volume chamber device according to claim 9, characterized in that the helix of each pinion at the same angle and the same direction.
FR1200142A 2012-01-17 2012-01-17 Variable volume chamber for fluid machine utilized as e.g. pump, formed by arrangement of external gears whose pinions rotate in same direction in homokinetic manner, where axes of rotation of pinions are parallel to each other Withdrawn FR2985758A1 (en)

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FR1200142A FR2985758A1 (en) 2012-01-17 2012-01-17 Variable volume chamber for fluid machine utilized as e.g. pump, formed by arrangement of external gears whose pinions rotate in same direction in homokinetic manner, where axes of rotation of pinions are parallel to each other

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FR1200142A FR2985758A1 (en) 2012-01-17 2012-01-17 Variable volume chamber for fluid machine utilized as e.g. pump, formed by arrangement of external gears whose pinions rotate in same direction in homokinetic manner, where axes of rotation of pinions are parallel to each other

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106795810A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-05-31 刘正锋 Rotating engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4860705A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-08-29 General Motors Corporation Positive displacement rotary mechanism
US4877385A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-10-31 General Motors Corporation Positive displacement rotary mechanism
FR2652391A1 (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-03-29 Luere Dominique Multi-rotor pumps and motors
DE102006018183A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Gangolf Jobb Rotary piston machine, has operating chamber provided between rotary pistons, where chamber changes its volume and/or its length during rotation of rotary pistons and is fillable with compressible operating fluid

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4860705A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-08-29 General Motors Corporation Positive displacement rotary mechanism
US4877385A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-10-31 General Motors Corporation Positive displacement rotary mechanism
FR2652391A1 (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-03-29 Luere Dominique Multi-rotor pumps and motors
DE102006018183A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Gangolf Jobb Rotary piston machine, has operating chamber provided between rotary pistons, where chamber changes its volume and/or its length during rotation of rotary pistons and is fillable with compressible operating fluid

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106795810A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-05-31 刘正锋 Rotating engine

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