FR2983631A1 - ELECTRIC DRIVE DEVICE IN TRANSLATION OF A PART, ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE AND THREE-PHASE INVERTER COMPRISING SUCH AN APPARATUS - Google Patents

Abstract

This electrical device (22) driving in translation of a moving part (20) comprises: - two electromagnetic coils (40A, 40B) successively arranged along a longitudinal axis (X), each coil (40A, 40B) having a winding (52A, 52B), the windings (52A, 52B) being coaxial with respect to the longitudinal axis (X), - a plunger (44) capable of sliding along the longitudinal axis (X) on the inside bobbins (40A, 40B), each bobbin (40A, 40B) being adapted to exert a magnetic force on the plunger (44) to actuate the plunger (44) in reciprocating motion, and - a lever (46) driving in translation of the moving part (18, 20), the driving lever (46) being mechanically connected to the plunger. The drive lever (46) is rotatable about an axis (Y) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X).

Description

The present invention relates to an electrical device for driving in translation of a moving part comprising: two electromagnetic coils, an electric switching device comprising such a device and a three-phase inverter comprising such an apparatus; arranged successively along a longitudinal axis, each coil having a winding, the windings being coaxial with respect to the longitudinal axis, - a plunger adapted to slide along the longitudinal axis inside the coils, each coil being clean to exert a magnetic force on the plunger, in order to actuate the plunger in a reciprocating motion, - a drive lever in translation of the moving part, the drive lever being mechanically connected to the plunger. The invention also relates to an electrical switching apparatus comprising, among others, such an electrical drive device in translation. The invention also relates to a three-phase inverter comprising, inter alia, such an electrical switching device. Document FR 2 499 329 A1 discloses an electrical device of the aforementioned type. The device comprises two electromagnets each comprising two electromagnetic coils, and a plunger sliding inside the electromagnets. The plunger comprises two cores connected to one another via a coupling part. One of the two cores of the plunger is integral with one end of a rod, and the other end of the rod is attached to a piston of a pump or a rod. The plunger extends in a longitudinal direction along which it slides inside the electromagnets, and the rod extends in said longitudinal direction. When the electromagnets are actuated to drive the plunger back and forth in translation in the longitudinal direction, the reciprocating movement of the plunger is transmitted directly to the piston of the pump via the rod. According to another embodiment, a crank is coupled with the rod via a connecting rod and the reciprocating movement of the plunger is converted into a rotary movement of the crank. However, such a drive device equipped with the connecting rod has a large size, especially in the longitudinal direction. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a smaller space-saving drive device, while ensuring a reliable translation of the moving part.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an electrical drive device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the drive lever is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the drive device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in any technically possible combination: the plunger comprises two end portions and an intermediate portion; connecting the two end portions, the intermediate portion being mechanically coupled to the drive lever, each coil being adapted to exert a magnetic force on a respective end portion; the intermediate part comprises two plates and one end of the driving lever is arranged between the two plates of the intermediate part; the plunger is in the form of a single, rigid piece, preferably cylindrical; - The device comprises a shaft secured to at least one electromagnetic coil and the drive lever is articulated around the shaft; - The shaft is formed by two coaxial half-shafts, each half-shaft is integral with a respective electromagnetic coil and the drive lever is articulated around the two half-shafts; each electromagnetic coil comprises a fastener capable of cooperating with a complementary fastener of the other coil in order to secure the coils together; each half-shaft is made of material with the corresponding fastener; - The drive lever is sandwiched between the complementary fasteners when the coils are secured to one another. The invention also relates to an electrical switching apparatus comprising: at least one electrical switch, the or each electrical switch being adapted to switch between an open position and a closed position, the or each electrical switch having two fixed contacts and a movable contact electrically conductive, the two fixed contacts being adapted to be electrically connected via the movable contact in the closed position of the electrical switch and electrically isolated from each other in the open position of the switch, and - an electrical device driving in translation of the or each movable contact between the open position and the closed position of the electric switch. This electrical switchgear is characterized in that the electric drive device is as defined above.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the apparatus comprises a plurality of electrical switches, and the driving device is able to simultaneously drive the moving contacts of the plurality of electrical switches, so as to ensure a simultaneous switching of the plurality of electrical switches.

The invention also relates to a three-phase inverter comprising a first, a second and a third input terminals, a first, a second and a third output terminals and an electrical switching device. This inverter is characterized in that the electrical switching apparatus is as defined above, the electrical switching apparatus comprising two first switches and two second switches, the first and second input terminals being each electrically connected to a switch. fixed contact of a respective first electrical switch and a fixed contact of a respective second electrical switch, and the first and second output terminal terminals being each electrically connected to the other fixed contact of one of the first two electrical switches and at the other fixed contact of one of the two second electrical switches, so as to connect the first input terminal to the first output terminal and the second input terminal to the second output terminal in the closed position of the first switches, and to connect the first input terminal to the second output terminal and the second terminal input to the first output terminal in the closed position of the second switches, the third output terminal being electrically connected to the third input terminal. According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the electrical switching apparatus of the three-phase inverter comprises three first switches and three second switches, each input terminal being electrically connected to a fixed contact of a respective first electrical switch and to a fixed contact of a respective second electrical switch, and each output terminal being electrically connected to the other fixed contact of one of the first three electrical switches and to the other fixed contact of one of the three second electrical switches to connect the first input terminal to the first output terminal, the second input terminal to the second output terminal and the third input terminal to the third output terminal in the closed position of the first switches, and connecting the first input terminal to the second output terminal, the second input terminal to the first output terminal and the third input terminal to the third output terminal in the closed position of the second switches. These features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an inverter three phase according to the invention, comprising a plurality of electrical switches, each switch comprising an electrically conductive movable contact capable of closing or opening an electrical connection associated with the switch, and an electrical device for driving in translation of the plurality of movable contacts, - figure 2 is a sectional view along the plane II of figure 1, - figure 3 is a perspective view of the driving device of figure 1, and - figure 4 is an exploded view of the driving device of Figure 1.

In FIG. 1, a three-phase inverter 5 comprises a first 6A, a second 6B and a third 6C input terminals, each input terminal 6A, 6B, 6C being associated with a phase of a three-phase input current, and a first 8A, a second 8B and a third 8C output terminals, each output terminal 8A, 8B, 8C being associated with a phase of a three-phase output.

The three-phase inverter comprises an electrical switching device suitable for switching the passage of the electric current between a first configuration in which the first 6A, second 6B and third 6C input terminals are respectively connected to the first 8A, second 8B and third 8C output terminals and a second configuration in which the first input terminal 6A is connected to the second output terminal 8B and the second input terminal 6B is connected to the first output terminal 8A, the third terminal of 6C input being connected to the third output terminal 8C. The three-phase inverter 5 is adapted to be connected between an electric motor and an engine power system, not shown, to allow the crossing of two phases of a three-phase power supply of the electric motor, to reverse the direction rotation of the electric motor. The three-phase inverter 5 is adapted to allow the passage of an electric current of a few amperes, but also of greater intensity, especially greater than 10 A. The input terminals 6A, 6B, 6C and the output terminals 8A , 8B, 8C each comprise a screw-nut assembly, not shown, for the connection of corresponding electric cables. The electrical switching apparatus 10 comprises a plurality of first electrical switches 12 and second electric switches 14, each electrical switch 12, 14 being adapted to switch between an open position and a closed position.

Each first electrical switch 12, visible in FIG. 1, comprises two first fixed electrically conductive contacts 15 and a first movable contact 16, the first fixed contacts 15 being able to be electrically connected via the first movable contact 16 in the closed position of the first switch 12 and each electrically isolated from each other in the open position of the first switch 12. Each second electrical switch 14 comprises two second fixed contacts 17 and a second movable contact 18 electrically conductive, the second fixed contacts 17 being adapted to be electrically connected via the second movable contact 18 in the closed position of the corresponding second electric switch 14 and electrically isolated from each other in the open position of the second switch 14. Each input terminal 6A, 6B, 6C is electrically connected to a first fixed contact 15 and a second cont respective fixed act 17, and each output terminal 8A, 8B, 8C is electrically connected to the other first fixed contact 15 of one of the first three switches 12 and to the other second fixed contact 17 of one of the three second switches 14, so that the first 6A, second 6B and third 6C input terminals are respectively connected to the first 8A, second 8B and third 8C output terminals in the closed position of the first switches 12, and that the first terminal of 6A input is connected to the second output terminal 8B, the second input terminal 6B is connected to the first output terminal 8A, and the third input terminal 6C is connected to the third output terminal 8C in the closed position of the second switch 14, as shown in Figure 1. The switching device 10 comprises a member 20 for holding the plurality of movable contacts 16, 18. It comprises a device 22 for driving in translation. of the holding member 20 in a longitudinal direction X oriented from the rear to the front between a rear position in which the first switches 12 are closed and the second switches 14 are open, and a front position in which the second switches 14 are closed and the first switches 12 are open. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the switching device comprises six electrical switches 12, 14, namely three first electrical switches 12 adapted to be in the closed position in the rear position of the holding member 20 and three second electrical switches 14 adapted to be in the closed position in the forward position of said holding member 20. The switching apparatus 10 comprises three first movable contacts 16 and three second movable contacts 18, visible in FIG. 2.

Each fixed contact 15, 17 comprises a pellet 24 of contact with the corresponding movable contact 16, 18.

Each movable contact 16, 18 is able to bear against the two fixed contacts 15, 17 of the electric switch 12, 14 corresponding in the closed position of said switch and away from the two fixed contacts 15, 17 of the same electrical switch 12, 14 in the open position of said switch.

Each movable contact 16, 18 is in the form of a tongue arranged in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X, having a transverse axis Y and a vertical axis Z oriented from bottom to top, as shown in FIG. 1. Each contact mobile 16, 18 comprises, at each of its ends in the transverse direction Y, a pellet 26 of contact with the pellet 24 complementary to the corresponding fixed contact. Each movable contact 16, 18 has a cross section of variable area as a function of the electrical power of the clean current to flow through the electrical switch. Each movable contact 16, 18 is made of copper. The holding member 20 comprises receiving housings 28 for receiving the respective movable contacts 16, 18. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the holding member 20 comprises four receiving housings 28, two of the four housings receiving both a first movable contact 16 and a second movable contact 18. The holding member 20 extends mainly in the longitudinal direction X. It comprises, in the vicinity of its middle in the longitudinal direction X, two fingers 30 arranged successively in the direction X and extending downwardly in the vertical direction Z, as shown in FIG. Figure 2. The holding member 20 is movable in translation in the longitudinal direction X, perpendicular to the plane in which the contact pads 24, 26 are disposed. The holding member 20 is movable between a rear position in which the first electrical switches 12 are closed, and a front position in which the second electric switches 14 are closed. The holding member 20 is also adapted to be disposed in an intermediate position between the forward position and the rear position. In the intermediate position of the holding member 20, the electrical switches 12, 14 are all in the open position, as shown in FIG. 1. The holding member 20 is made of an electrically insulating material. The drive device 22 is able to simultaneously drive the movable contacts 16, 18 of the plurality of electrical switches 12, 14, so as to ensure a simultaneous switching of the first switches 12 and the second switches 14.

The driving device 22 has a first working position corresponding to the front position of the holding member 20, a second working position corresponding to the rear position of the holding member 20 and a rest position corresponding to the intermediate position of the holding member 20. The drive device 22, visible in Figures 2 to 4, comprises a first 40A and a second 40B electromagnetic coil arranged successively along the longitudinal axis X, a plunger 44 clean sliding along the longitudinal axis X inside the coils 40A, 40B, each coil 40A, 40B being adapted to exert a magnetic force on the plunger 44, in order to actuate the plunger 44 in a reciprocating translation movement according to the longitudinal direction X. The drive device 22 comprises a lever 46 driving in translation of the holding member 20, the driving lever 46 being connected Mechanically to the plunger 44. The drive device 22 comprises a first coaxial first half-shaft 47A and a second half-shaft 47B, visible in Figure 4, each half-shaft 47A, 47B being integral with the respective coil 40A, 40B.

The contact pads 24, 26, visible in Figure 1, are electrically conductive and preferably made of a silver alloy. The contact pads 24, 26 are each in the form of a wafer and arranged in the plane of axes Y and Z, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X. Each receiving housing 28 passes through the holding member 20 from one side to the other along the transverse axis Y. Each receiving housing 28 has at least one support face 48 for a corresponding movable contact 16, 18. Each bearing face 48 is substantially disposed in the plane of axes Y and Z, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X. The two housings 48 at the rear of the holding member 20, illustrated on the left of the figure 2 are housings for receiving a first movable contact 16 and a second movable contact 18, and comprise two bearing faces 48 arranged facing one another. The fingers 30 are spaced apart by a distance E1 in the longitudinal direction X. The fingers 30 are integral with the holding member 20. The first coil 40A comprises a carcass 50A, a winding 52A coaxial with the longitudinal axis X and maintained by the carcass 50A, and a magnetic yoke 54A, as shown in Figure 4. The first coil 40A also comprises an upper attachment 56A and a lower attachment 58A adapted to cooperate with complementary fasteners 56B, 58B of the second coil 40B, in order to join together the coils 40A, 40B, as shown in FIG.

The second coil 40B is identical to the first coil 40A described above, and comprises the same parts, each time replacing the letter A by the letter B concerning the references of these parts. The plunger 44, visible in FIGS. 2 and 4, comprises a first end portion 60A, a second end portion 60B and an intermediate portion 64 located between the end portions 60A, 60B and forming the parts connecting member. end 60A, 60B. Each coil 40A, 40B is adapted to exert a magnetic force substantially on one of the end portions 60A, 60B. The plunger 44 is, for example, consisting of a single piece and rigid, the end portions 60A, 60B and the intermediate portion 64 forming this single piece. The plunger 44 comprises two plates 66 bearing against one end of the driving lever 46, successively arranged in the longitudinal direction X, as shown in FIG. 4. The driving lever 46 is mechanically connected to the plunger 44, one hand, and the holding member 20, on the other hand, in order to drive in translation the holding member in the longitudinal direction X following the actuation of the plunger 44 in translation in the longitudinal direction X. The driving lever 46 is rotatable about an axis R extending parallel to the transverse axis Y and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X. The driving lever 46 is articulated around the two half-shafts 47A, 47B. Each half-shaft 47A, 47B is integral with the corresponding upper tie 56A, 56B. In variant not shown, the drive lever 46 is articulated around a single shaft, the shaft being secured to at least one electromagnetic coil 40A, 40B. This shaft may be integral with or attached to a top tie 56A, 56B. The drive lever 46 comprises a body 68, a first protrusion 70 integral with one end of the body 68 and a second protuberance 72 integral with the other end of the body 68. The driving lever 46 comprises a through hole 74 arranged in the body 68 intended to receive the two half-shafts 47A, 47B for the articulation of the driving lever 46 about its axis of rotation R parallel to the axis Y. In the embodiment of FIG. the drive lever 46 is engaged with the intermediate portion 64 of the plunger, the first protuberance 70 being arranged between the two support plates 66 integral with the intermediate portion 64.

The driving lever 46 is, on the other hand, connected to the holding member 20, the second protuberance 72 being engaged between the two fingers 30 extending downwards, as shown in FIG. drive 46 is sandwiched between the upper fasteners 56A, 56B hooked to each other when the coils 40A, 40B are integral with each other. The fasteners 56A, 56B, 58A, 58B each comprise an L-shaped body 76, a hook 78 attached to one end of the body, and a bracket 80 for fixing the body to the carcass 50A, 50B of the corresponding coil.

The upper fasteners 56A, 56B, respectively the lower fasteners 58A, 58B, are adapted to cooperate with one another, the hook 78 of one being intended to catch on the body 76 of the other, as represented in FIG. 3, in order to secure the coils 40A, 40B. The upper fasteners 56A, 56B further include the half-shafts 47A, 47B extending parallel to the transverse axis Y, from the body 76 to the other fastener 56B, 56A. The end portions 60A, 60B of the core are each cylinder-shaped and of ferromagnetic material. The ends of the end portions 60A, 60B are disk-shaped in the transverse plane of Y and Z axes.

The intermediate portion 64 of the plunger comprises a cylindrical rod 82 and the two support plates 66 attached to the rod. The cylindrical rod 82 is made of ferromagnetic material, and is preferably integral with the end portions 60A, 60B. The intermediate portion 64 is positioned substantially in the middle of the plunger in the longitudinal direction X. The intermediate portion 64 is arranged substantially in the center of the corresponding disk-shaped end of each end portion 60A, 60B in the transverse plane. Y and Z axes. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, each support plate 66 has a rectangular portion 84 extended by two fingers 86 extending vertically upwards, the rectangular portion 84 having a hole 88 As a variant, each support plate 66 is rectangular, and comprises only a passage opening of the rod 82. The protuberances 70, 72 of the driving lever are of cylindrical shape. The first protrusion 70 has in the transverse direction Y a length greater than that of the second protuberance 72 in the same direction.

The distance between the first protrusion 70 and the axis of rotation R of the lever is slightly greater than the distance between the second protrusion 72 and the axis of rotation R. The operation of the electrical switching apparatus 10 according to the invention is to be described now. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, in the absence of control of the electromagnetic coils 40A, 40B, the driving device 22 is in the rest position in which the intermediate portion 64 of the plunger is disposed substantially halfway between the coils 40A, 40B in the longitudinal direction X. The drive lever 46 is then substantially vertical, as shown in Figure 2, and the holding member 20 is in its intermediate position. In this intermediate position of the holding member 20, all the electric switches 12, 14 are in the open position, and no electric current flows between the fixed contacts 15, 17 and even more so between the input terminals 6A, 6B, 6C and output 8A, 8B, 8C.

When the first coil 40A is actuated by control means, not shown, the first coil 40A creates a field which attracts the first end portion 60A of the plunger rearward, and the drive device 22 then passes its rest position in its first working position with a displacement in the direction of the arrow F1 in Figure 2. The first protrusion 70 of the drive lever is moved backwards by the mechanical connection between the intermediate portion 64 and the first protrusion 70, and the second protrusion 72 of the lever is then moved forward, the drive lever 46 rotating Y-axis around the half-shafts 47A, 47B, in the direction of the arrow F2 in Figure 2. The actuation of the first coil 40A thus causes the displacement, in the direction of the arrow F3 in Figure 2, the holding member 20 from its intermediate position to its forward position, wherein the second electrical switches 14 are in the closed position while the first electrical switches 12 are in the open position. Similarly, when the second coil 40B is actuated by control means, not shown, the second coil 40B creates a field that attracts the second end portion 60B of the plunger forward, which induces a displacement of the plunger 44 in the direction of the arrow F4 in Figure 2. The drive device 22 then moves from its first working position to its second working position. The first protrusion 70 of the drive lever is moved forward by the mechanical connection between the intermediate portion 64 and the first protrusion 70, and the second protrusion 72 of the lever is then moved rearwardly, the lever of drive 46 rotating Y-axis about the half shafts 47A, 47B, as shown by the arrow F5. Actuation of the second coil 40B therefore causes the holding member 20 to move from its front position, or its intermediate position if the second coil 40B is actuated while the drive device 22 is at rest, towards its rear position, in the direction of the arrow F6. In the rear position of the holding member 20, the first electrical switches 12 are in the closed position while the second electric switches 14 are in the open position. In the first working position of the drive device 22, the closed position of the second electrical switches 14 ensures the flow of electric current between the second fixed contacts 17, while the first electrical switches 12 are in the open position. Similarly, in the second working position of the drive device 22, the closed position of the first switches 12 ensures the flow of electric current between the first fixed contacts 15, while the second switches 14 are in the open position. The plunger 44 being made of a single rigid piece, the first switches 12 and the second switches 14 can not be closed simultaneously, thus avoiding a risk of short circuit. It is therefore not necessary to provide an additional system for protection against short circuits of the mechanical locking type. On the contrary, with the electric device of the state of the art comprising a plunger consisting of two cores connected via a coupling part, the simultaneous non-closing of the two cores can not be guaranteed, especially in case accidental disconnection between the three elements of the plunger. The arrangement of the holding member 20 relative to the drive device 22 and the dimensioning of the ratio between the distance of the first protrusion 70 to the axis of rotation R of the lever and that of the second protrusion 72 to the rotation axis R makes it possible to obtain a movement of limited amplitude for the translation of the holding member 20 in the longitudinal direction X. More specifically, during the actuation of the driving device 22, the holding member 20 always remains in the space, in the longitudinal direction X, of the drive device 22, regardless of the position of the holding member 20 between its forward position and its rear position. The switching device 10 therefore has a small overall size, especially along the longitudinal direction X, since the longitudinal dimensions of the switching device correspond to the longitudinal dimensions of the driving device 22.

In addition, the articulation of the drive lever 46 around the half-shafts 47A, 47B makes it possible to compensate for geometrical defects and possible differences in positioning of the plunger 44 or of the holding member 20. The drive device 22 thus ensures a reliable translation of the holding member 20. The electric current flows between the fixed contacts 15, 17 via the movable contacts 16, 18, and the switching device 10 allows the passage of a current a few amperes, but also of high intensity, such as an intensity greater than 10 A, with a suitable dimensioning of the section of the fixed contacts 15, 17 and contact pads 24, 26. In addition, the electric current flows. neither in the drive lever 46 nor in the plunger 44, because of the electrical insulation provided by the holding member 20. This current therefore does not generate thermal heating of the plunger 44 and the lever. drive 46. The holding member 20 also isolates the electrical switches 12, 14 of the coils 40A, 40B and the control circuit of said coils. It is thus conceivable that the switching apparatus 10 according to the invention is of reduced size, especially in the longitudinal direction X, while ensuring a reliable translation of the holding member 20 via the drive device 22 .

Although the drive device 22 and the apparatus 10 according to the invention have been described in relation to an inverter allowing the crossing of two phases, it is understood that the drive device according to the invention can be used in connection with a switching device between two possible conductive paths. In particular, the electrical apparatus then comprises, for each input terminal, a first and a second output terminal, the first output terminal being connected to a corresponding first fixed contact in the absence of an electrical connection with the or the second fixed contacts 17, and the second output terminal being connected to a corresponding second fixed contact 17 in the absence of electrical connection with the first or the first fixed contacts 15. The input terminal is electrically connected to the other first fixed contact 15 and the other second fixed contact 17, so that in the closed position of the first switch 12, that is to say in the second working position of the drive device 22, the current flows in a first conductive path between said input terminal and the first output terminal, and that in the closed position of the second switch 14, ie in the first working position of the drive device 22, the current t flows along a second path between said input terminal and the second output terminal.

Claims (13)

CLAIMS1.- An electric device (22) driving in translation of a moving part (18, 20) comprising: two electromagnetic coils (40A, 40B) successively arranged along a longitudinal axis (X), each coil ( 40A, 40B) having a winding (52A, 52B), the windings (52A, 52B) being coaxial with respect to the longitudinal axis (X), - a plunger (44) adapted to slide along the longitudinal axis (X) within the coils (40A, 40B), each coil (40A, 40B) being adapted to exert a magnetic force on the plunger (44), to actuate the plunger (44) in a reciprocating motion, - a lever (46) driving in translation of the moving part (18, 20), the driving lever (46) being mechanically connected to the plunger, characterized in that the drive lever (46) is rotatable about an axis (Y) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X). 2.- Device (22) according to claim 1, wherein the plunger (44) has two end portions (60A, 60B) and an intermediate portion (64) connecting the two end portions, the intermediate portion being mechanically coupled to the drive lever (46), each coil (40A, 40B) being adapted to exert a magnetic force on a respective end portion (60A, 60B). 3.- Device (22) according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate portion (64) comprises two plates (66) and one end (70) of the drive lever (46) is arranged between the two plates (66) of the intermediate part (64). 4.- Device (22) according to one of claims 2 or 3 wherein the plunger (44) is in the form of a single piece and rigid, preferably cylindrical. 5.- Device (22) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (22) comprises a shaft (47A, 47B) integral with at least one electromagnetic coil (40A, 40B) and the drive lever (46) is articulated around the shaft (47A, 47B). 6.- Device (22) according to claim 5, wherein the shaft is formed by two coaxial half-shafts (47A, 47B), each half-shaft (47A, 47B) is integral with an electromagnetic coil (40A, 40B) and the driving lever (46) is articulated around the two half shafts (47A, 47B). 7.- Device (22) according to any preceding claim, wherein each electromagnetic coil (40A, 40B) comprises a fastener (56A, 58A, 56B, 58B) adapted to cooperate with a complementary fastener (56B, 58B, 56A, 58A) of the other coil (40B, 40A) to secure the coils together. 8.- Device (22) according to claims 6 and 7, wherein each half-shaft (47A, 47B) is integral with the fastener (56A, 56B) corresponding. 9.- Device (22) according to any one of the preceding claims taken with claim 7, wherein the drive lever (46) is sandwiched between the complementary fasteners (56A, 56B) when the coils (40A, 40B) are integral with each other. Electrical switching apparatus (10), comprising: at least one electrical switch (12, 14), the or each electrical switch (12, 14) being adapted to switch between an open position and a closed position, the or each electrical switch (12, 14) having two electrically conductive fixed contacts (15, 17) and a movable contact (16, 18), the two fixed contacts (15, 17) being adapted to be electrically connected via the moving contact (16). , 18) in the closed position of the electrical switch (12, 14) and electrically isolated from one another in the open position of the electric switch (12, 14), and - an electrical device (22) for translation drive of the or each movable contact (16, 18) between the open position and the closed position of the electrical switch (12, 14), characterized in that the electrical drive device (22) is in accordance with the any preceding claim. Apparatus (10) according to claim 10, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of electrical switches (12, 14), and wherein the driver (22) is adapted to simultaneously drive the movable contacts ( 16, 18) of the plurality of electrical switches (12, 14) so as to provide simultaneous switching of the plurality of electrical switches (12, 14). 12. A three-phase inverter (5) comprising a first (6A), a second (6B) and a third (6C) input terminal, a first (8A), a second (8B) and a third (8C) terminal of output and an electrical switchgear (10), characterized in that the electrical switchgear (10) is according to claim 10 or 11, the switchgear (10) having two first switches (12) and two second switches (14), the first and second input terminals (6A, 6B) being each electrically connected to a fixed contact (15) of a respective first electrical switch (12) and to a fixed contact (17) d a respective second electrical switch (14), and the first and second output terminal terminals (8A, 8B) each being electrically connected to the other fixed contact (15) of one of the first two electrical switches (12) and the other fixed contact (17) of one of the two second interrupts electric receivers (14) for connecting the first input terminal (6A) to the first output terminal (8A) and the second input terminal (6B) to the second output terminal (8B) in the closed position first switches (12), and connecting the first input terminal (6A) to the second output terminal (8B) and the second input terminal (6B) to the first output terminal (8A) in the closed position second switches (14), the third output terminal (8C) being electrically connected to the third input terminal (6C). The three-phase inverter (5) according to claim 12, wherein the electrical switchgear (10) has three first switches (12) and three second switches (14), each input terminal (6A, 6B, 6C). being electrically connected to a fixed contact (15) of a respective first electrical switch (12) and to a fixed contact (17) of a respective second electrical switch (14), and each output terminal (8A, 8B, 8C ) being electrically connected to the other fixed contact (15) of one of the first three electrical switches (12) and to the other fixed contact (17) of one of the three second electrical switches (14), so as to connecting the first input terminal (6A) to the first output terminal (8A), the second input terminal (6B) to the second output terminal (8B) and the third input terminal (6C) to the third output terminal (8C) in the closed position of the first switches (12), and to connect the first input terminal (6A) at the second output terminal (8B), the second input terminal (6B) at the first output terminal (8A) and the third input terminal (6C) at the third terminal outlet (8C) in the closed position of the second switches (14).