FR2967245A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger between at least a first fluid and a second fluid, especially for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchange bundle (3) between said fluids, at least one dispensing box (7, 9). for the first fluid, and a sealing means between said beam (3) and said at least one distribution box (7, 9). According to the invention, said sealing means is supported by at least two outer walls (5) of said beam (3) so that said beam (3) becomes a bearing structure of said exchanger.

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to methods for assembling such a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger, for example used in the automotive industry and more specifically in an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprises heat exchange elements and fluid flow elements in which fluids exchanging fluids circulate. heat between them. The heat exchange elements may for example comprise tubes or plates, gas flow disturbing fins and / or fluid flow disruptors or the like. Many structural configurations are possible. Exchangers are known comprising a bundle of plates arranged parallel to each other on one or more parallel rows with one another, these plates being arranged to define firstly the first circulation channels of a first fluid and secondly second circulation channels of a second fluid by exchanging heat with the first fluid. Many fluid associations may be contemplated, be they liquids and / or gases. According to a known solution, an exchanger comprises a housing for receiving the exchange elements or, according to an alternative embodiment, the exchange elements are mounted in a housing connected to a circuit of the first fluid. However, the manufacture of such exchangers may not be optimal; in particular the volume subjected to the pressures can be substantially significant decreasing the performance of the exchanger. In addition, some exchangers may not have a satisfactory seal. The object of the invention is to improve the performance of known heat exchangers. The invention also aims to reduce the size of such heat exchangers. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a heat exchanger between at least a first fluid and a second fluid, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: a heat exchange bundle between said fluids, at least one dispensing box for the first fluid, and a sealing means between said beam and said at least one distribution box characterized in that said sealing means is supported by at least two outer walls of said beam so that said beam becomes a bearing structure of said exchanger.

This improves the sealing of the exchanger and reduces the volume subjected to mechanical stresses. Said heat exchanger may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in combination: said sealing means comprises glue; the sealing medium glue is epoxy glue or silicone; said outer walls of said bundle are formed by a receiving housing surrounding said bundle and having at least one opening for assembly with said at least one dispenser housing; said receiving housing of said bundle includes a first inner housing and a second outer housing, arranged to form at least one receiving groove of said sealing means and a bead of said at least one distribution housing; said inner casing comprises two inner half-casings and said outer casing comprises two outer half-casings; said inner housing has substantially straight edges and said outer housing has folded edges; said outer casing has substantially straight edges and that said inner casing has folded edges; said outer casing has bead holding means of said at least one dispensing housing in said at least one groove; the holding means comprise holding tabs at the periphery of said outer casing, folded over said at least one dispensing box; said bundle and said case are soldered together and said outer case has apertures configured to facilitate solder assembly; Said at least one dispenser housing has condensate discharge grooves; said at least one distribution box forms a receiving housing of said bundle; said at least one distribution box has at least two openings closed by said beam by mechanical assembly; Said beam comprises two end plates configured to close two opposite openings of said at least one distribution box and respectively supporting said sealing means; the sealing means is configured on the one hand to seal between said beam and said at least one distribution box and on the other hand for the mechanical assembly of said at least one distribution box and said bundle; said at least one groove receiving the sealing means is arranged at the periphery of an opening of said at least one distribution box; said at least one dispensing case has at least a third opening closed by said bundle and said at least one third opening is configured for insertion of said bundle into said at least one dispensing case during assembly; said exchanger comprises complementary guide means carried on the one hand by said beam and on the other hand by said at least one distribution box for guiding insertion of said beam into said at least one distribution box; Said beam comprises a lateral cover closing said at least one third opening; said at least one distribution box is formed in one piece; said at least one distribution housing is formed by assembling two half-housings of substantially U-shaped cross-section; Said exchanger is configured to cool the charge air of an engine in a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a method of assembling a heat exchange as defined above comprising the following steps: said beam is arranged in said inner casing, the assembly formed by said beam and said inner casing is arranged in said outer casing, the bead of said at least one distribution casing is introduced into said at least one groove formed by said inner and outer casings, and a sealing material is injected into said at least one groove formed by said inner casings; and outside. According to an alternative embodiment, said method comprises the following steps: said beam is inserted into said at least one distribution box, and a sealing material is injected into grooves formed between said beam and said at least one distribution box. According to one embodiment, said bundle is assembled by brazing and said at least one distribution box is assembled by gluing to said bundle.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of 2 represents a perspective view of the exchanger of FIG. 1 assembled, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an exchange beam of the exchanger of FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the assembled beam of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 shows a plate of the heat exchange bundle of FIGS. 3 and 4, FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing a pair of plates. FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger according to an alternative embodiment of the exchange beam receiving casing 2967245 - FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a distribution box, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment, FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the heat exchanger. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the exchanger of FIGS. 9 and 10, FIG. 12 is an exploded view of an exchanger exchange bundle of the exchanger of FIGS. 9 and 10, FIG. FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger, FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the heat exchange bundle of the exchanger of FIG. 13, FIG. a perspective view showing a distribution box and the exchange beam of the exchanger of FIG. 13 before assembling the box and the bundle together, and FIG. 16 represents an exploded view of the heat exchanger distribution box. of Figure 13.

In these figures, the substantially identical elements bear the same references. The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for cooling the supercharging air for a heat engine, such as a diesel engine of a motor vehicle. Such an exchanger may be an exchanger called "air-water", that is to say an exchanger in which the fluids that exchange heat are air and water. In the case of a charge air cooler; the water is preferably water from the so-called "low temperature" cooling circuit of said engine; it is typically brine.

First Embodiment 30 FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a heat exchanger 1 according to a first embodiment and in FIG. 2 a view in the assembled state of this exchanger 1 The exchanger 1 has a generally parallelepipedal shape. This exchanger 1 comprises: 5 a heat exchange bundle 3 between a first fluid such as supercharging air and a second fluid such as the cooling liquid, a casing 5 for receiving the exchange bundle 3, and two distribution casings 7.9 of the first fluid, here of the supercharging air.

The exchange beam Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises a stack of plates 11. A plate 11 (better visible in FIG. 5) has a generally rectangular shape. The plates 11 are arranged in pairs. The stack of plates 11 makes it possible to define on the one hand first channels 13 (FIG. 4) for the circulation of the first fluid, and secondly second channels 15 for the circulation of the second fluid (FIG. 6). Indeed, the plates 11 arranged in pairs define a space e for delimiting a second channel 15 for the circulation of the second fluid, the cooling liquid in the present example. The second channels 15 for the circulation of the second fluid are thus defined by two adjacent plates of a pair. As for the first channels 13 they are delimited each time between the plates 11 provided vis-à-vis two pairs of adjacent plates 11. In these first channels 13 disturbance fins 16 (FIG. 4), for example of substantially undulating shape and brazed to the plates, can be provided so as to disturb the flow of air in these first channels 13 by increasing the surface area. exchange. This disturbance makes it possible to facilitate heat exchanges between air and water through the walls of the plates 11. These fins 16 are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described in more detail herein. In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 5, the plates 11 respectively comprise two openings, for example inlet and outlet pipes 17, for the passage of the second fluid. The tubings 17, 19 of a plate 11 communicate respectively with the tubings 17, 19 of a plate 11 of an adjacent pair, for example by interlocking, to allow the circulation of the second fluid between the plates 11. as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the plates 11 may have disruptive bosses 21 of the second fluid flowing in the second channels 15, so as to improve the heat exchange. The plates 11 may further comprise longitudinal ribs 23 joining two plates 11 of a pair so as to define circulation passes 25a to 25d (FIG. 5) for the second fluid.

With reference again to FIGS. 1 to 4, these plates 11, possibly with disturbing vanes 16, are mounted in a receiving housing 5 as mentioned above, having at least one opening 6 allowing the assembly of the bundle 3 with one or more distribution boxes 7.9. The casing 5 has inlet orifices 27 and outlet openings 29 of water in the exchanger 1, associated with a water circuit in which the exchanger 1 is mounted and communicating respectively with the tubings 17, 19 of the beam. In addition, this receiving casing 5 is formed of a first inner casing 31 and a second outer casing 33. In the case of a solder assembly of the heat exchanger 1, the casing Outer 33 may have openings 34 which facilitate brazing. Each housing 31,33 comprises for example two assembled half-housings. Thus, as best seen in FIG. 3, the first inner casing 31 may comprise two inner half-casings 31a and 31b assembled, for example by soldering, to form the inner casing 31. Similarly, the second outer casing 33 may comprise two external half-casings 33a and 33b assembled, for example by brazing, to form the outer casing 33. These inner casings 31 and outer 33 are arranged to form a groove 35 receiving a heel 37 of a distribution box 7.9. According to the illustrated embodiment, the exchanger 1 comprises on the one hand an inlet casing 7 of the first fluid, air in the present example, and on the other hand an outlet distribution casing 9 of the first fluid. , the water in the present example, the housing 5 thus has two openings 6 on either side of the beam 3. The two inner casings 31 and outer 33 are arranged to form such a groove 10 35 on each side of the exchanger 1 to receive on the one hand the heel 37 of the inlet housing 7 of the first fluid, the air in the present example, and on the other hand the heel of the outlet housing 9 of the first fluid, the water in this example (see Figures 1 and 2). Thus, it is the beam 3 which carries the distribution boxes 7 and 9. In order to seal the exchanger 1, a sealing means (not shown) is arranged in the groove 35 between the beam 3 and distribution boxes 7.9. This groove 35 thus forms a sealing groove. The sealing means may be a seal formed by glue, such as silicone for example or epoxy glue, deposited in the sealing groove between the bundle 3 and each distribution box 7, 9. Furthermore, gluing allows greater tolerance than mechanical seals. In the illustrated example, the sealing is done on two faces of the exchanger 1 between the distribution boxes 7, 9 and the beam 3. Furthermore, the inner casing 31 has folded peripheral edges 39 and the outer casing has peripheral edges 41 straight; a groove 35 is thus formed between the folded edges 39 and the straight edges 41. Alternatively (see Figure 7) are the edges 41 of the outer casing 33 which are folded for example and the edges 39 of the inner casing 31 for their part are straight. In this case, when the assembly is done by gluing it is done over a greater distance relative to the first variant illustrated in Figures 1 to 4. In both cases, both the peripheral edges 39 of the housing The outer edges 41 of the outer casing 33 protrude from either side of the bundle 3 so as to receive the sealing means and the heels 37 of the distribution boxes 7, 9. Furthermore, provision can be made for the outer casing 33 to have holding means 43 for the heels 37 of the distribution casings 7, 9 in the grooves 35. These holding means 43 comprise, for example, tabs 43 for holding at the periphery of the casing. 33 (Figures 1 to 4), which are folded on the distribution boxes 7.9 (see Figure 1).

Air Distribution Box As mentioned previously, the heat exchanger 1 comprises, at each of its ends, an air distribution box; on the one hand a casing 7 of air inlet distribution and, on the other hand a casing 9 of air outlet distribution. The output distribution box 9 is according to the embodiment described similar to the input box 7 and mounted symmetrically; of course, according to another embodiment, the input boxes 7 and output 9 may be different. The distribution boxes 7, 9 may be made of plastic, for example by injection. The plates 11 open into the housings 7.9. The distribution casings 7, 9 are connected to ducts of an air circuit in which the exchanger 1 is mounted and respectively have an inlet and outlet pipe 45 and an outlet pipe 47 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The air is introduced into the plates 11 via the inlet distribution casing 7 and is collected at the outlet of the plates 11 by the outlet distribution box 9. Moreover, evacuation grooves 49 can be provided. condensates at the heels 37 of the distribution boxes 7, 9 as illustrated in FIG.

Assembly method A method of assembling a heat exchanger 1 as described above is now described. In known manner, the exchange-beam exchange elements 3 such as the plates 11 and possibly the disturbing fins 16 and / or disturbing fins are assembled together, for example by brazing. Once assembled, this beam 3 is arranged in the inner casing 31. For example, the two inner half-casings 31a, 31b are assembled around the beam 3. Then, the inner casing 31 containing the beam 3 is arranged in the casing 33. For example, the outer half-casings 33a, 33b are assembled around the assembly formed by the inner casing 31 containing the beam 3. This assembly can for example be done by brazing. Then, the bead of each distribution box 7, 9 is introduced into the associated groove 35 formed by the inner casings 31 and outer casings 33. Finally, a sealant adhesive is injected into the grooves 35 formed by the inner casings. 31 and outside 33 on either side of the beam 3 between the beam 3 and the distribution boxes 7.9.

With such a heat exchanger 1 comprising a receiving casing 5 formed so as to form on each side of the beam 3 grooves 35 for receiving the sealing means and the distribution casings, the beam 3 becomes a structure carrying the exchanger 1 and the assembly has a lower volume and is therefore less subject to mechanical stresses compared to known solutions of the prior art. This bearing structure is constructive.

Second Embodiment FIGS. 9 to 15 show a second embodiment of a heat exchanger 100,200 comprising a heat exchange beam 102,202 (better visible in FIGS. 11 and 13) which is received in FIG. a distribution box 104,204.

-11- First variant is shown in Figures 9 and 10 such a heat exchanger 100 according to a first embodiment wherein the sealing is on two sides of the exchanger 100.

Exchange Beam In a similar manner to the exchanger 1 of the first embodiment, the heat exchange beam 102 (better visible in FIG. 12) allows the exchange of heat between a first fluid such as the air of supercharging and a second fluid such as coolant, in the example of a charge air cooler. This beam 102 is substantially similar to the beam 3 of the first embodiment and therefore comprises a stack of plates 11 as described above defining on the one hand first channels 13 for the circulation of the first fluid, and secondly second channels For the circulation of the second fluid. As before, this beam 102 may comprise in the first channels 13 perturbation fins 16 and the plates 11 may have bosses 21 forming disrupter of the second fluid flowing in the second channels 15 and possibly longitudinal ribs 23 joining two plates 11 of a pair so as to define circulation passes 25a to 25d for the second fluid. Of course, the plates 11 also comprise respectively two inlet pipes 17 and outlet 19, for the passage of the second fluid; the tubings 17, 19 of a plate 11 communicating respectively with the tubings 17, 19 of a plate 11 of an adjacent pair to allow the circulation of the second fluid between the plates 11.

These heat exchange elements identical to those of the first embodiment are not described further.

Referring to FIGS. 9 to 12, the exchange beam 102 according to the second embodiment further comprises two end plates 106a, 106b closing two corresponding apertures 108a, 108b of the distribution box 104. 2967245 -12- beam 102 is thus mounted in the distribution box 104 and not in a housing 5 as in the first embodiment, and the two end plates 106a, 106b of the beam 102 closes the openings 108a, 108b of the distribution box 104 forming receiving box. 5 Like the casing 5 according to the first embodiment, one of the end plates 106b has inlet orifices 27 and outlet openings 29 of water respectively communicating with the tubings 17, 19 of the bundle. exchange 102 and with connection pipes 110 and 112 associated with a water circuit in which the exchanger 100 is mounted. Dispense Box The dispensing box 104 (FIGS. 9-11) is now described in more detail. This housing 104 is here formed of a single piece which may be plastic and for example made by injection. As previously mentioned, this housing 104 has two opposite openings 108a, 108b closed by the beam 102 during mechanical assembly. Furthermore, the casing 104 is connected to ducts of an air circuit in which the exchanger 102 is mounted and thus has an inlet pipe 114 and an outlet pipe 116 thus allowing the circulation of air to flow. through the plates 11 opening into this casing 104. Moreover this casing 104 has two opposite edges 118a, 118b at the periphery of the openings 108a, 108b cooperating respectively with the end plates 106a, 106b for both the mechanical assembly and for sealing.

Sealing According to the embodiment illustrated, it is the external end plates 106a, 106b of the beam 102 which support the sealing means (not shown) arranged between the plates 106a, 106b and the distribution box 104. More specifically, this sealing means is arranged in a groove at the periphery of the openings 108a, 108b of the distribution box 104. According to the example illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, a first groove for receiving the means sealing is formed by the peripheral rim 120 of one of the end plates 106b. Indeed, this flange 120 is folded so as to form a peripheral receiving groove 122 for the sealing means and the distribution housing 104, more precisely for the peripheral edge 118b of the housing 104. A second groove 123 for receiving the sealing means is formed at the opposite peripheral edge 118a of the dispensing box 104, in which the peripheral edge 124 of the end plate 106a is also arranged. Thus the receiving grooves 122, 123 serve both for the mechanical assembly 10 of the beam 102 in the housing 104 and for sealing. For this purpose, the sealing means may be a seal formed advantageously of glue, especially epoxy glue or silicone to ensure the mechanical assembly and the seal between the beam 102 and the housing 104 The beam 102 is thus glued to the housing 104 on two sides, here two long sides of the exchanger 100. Thus, the beam 102 contributes to the reinforcement of the housing 104.

Assembly Method A method of assembling a heat exchanger 100 as described above is now described. In a known manner, the exchange elements of the exchange bundle 102, such as the plates 11, and possibly the disturbing fins 16 and / or disruptive fins, are assembled together, for example by brazing. Once bundle 102 is assembled, it is arranged in dispenser housing 104, for example by sliding, until the outer end plates 106a, 106b of bundle 102 respectively close casing openings 108a, 108b. 104. A sealing material adhesive is then injected into the receiving grooves provided for this purpose at the periphery of the openings 108a, 108b. This assembly results in a reduction of the internal volume subjected to the pressure. And the beam 102 forms a supporting structure of the exchanger 100 contributing to the reinforcement of the housing 104.

Second variant 5 According to a second variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 16, the seal is this time on three faces of the exchanger 200.

Exchange Beam The beam 202 (best seen in FIG. 14) is substantially identical to the beam 102 illustrated in FIG. 12. The exchange elements identical to those described previously are not described further. This bundle 202 also has two end plates 206a, 206b closing two opposite openings 208a, 208b of the housing 204 but further includes an outer side cover 210 for closing a third opening 212 of the housing 204 (see Fig. 15). This third opening 212, in this example on a small side of the exchanger 200, allows for example the insertion of the beam 202 in the housing 204. In this case, it can provide additional guide means 213a, 213b worn. on the one hand by the beam 202 and on the other hand by the casing 204. According to the example illustrated, the end plates 206a, 206b of the beam 202 may have guide rails 213a, cooperating for example with guide grooves 213b, the housing 204 during the insertion of the beam 202 in the distribution housing 204. The side cover 210 has two orifices 214,216 communicating 25 respectively on the one hand with the orifices 27,29 provided on the outer plate 206b and d ' on the other hand with the pipes 110, 112 for connection to the water circuit in which the exchanger 200 is mounted. This side cap 210 is in the illustrated example made with a general shape substantially in polyhedron with side faces 210 has substantially triangular. The side cover 210 also has holding means 218 on the housing 204. The side cover 210 is thus assembled facing a side wall 219 (FIG. 14) of the beam 202 by closing the opening 212 of the housing 204.

Distribution box 5 We now describe in more detail the distribution box 204 of this second variant (best seen in Figures 15 and 16). As in the first variant described above, the plates 11 of the beam 202 open into the housing 204 connected to pipes of an air circuit in which the heat exchanger 202 is mounted and thus has an inlet pipe 220 and a pipe 10. outlet pipe 222 allowing the flow of air through the plates 11. The housing 204 can as previously be made in one piece, this time having three openings 208a, 208b, 212. According to the variant illustrated, the distribution box 204 is formed by the assembly of two half-housings 204a and 204b. Each half-casing 204a, 204b has a substantially U-shaped cross-section. As can be seen in FIG. 16, the first half-housing 204a comprises, for example, the opening 208a and possibly the two inlet and outlet pipes 218 and 220 as in the example illustrated on two opposite sides of the half-housing 204a. . The second half-housing 204b includes the opening 208b. Each half-housing 204a, 204b comprises guide means 213b for guiding the beam 202 during assembly of the beam 202 and the housing 204. The two half-housings 204a, 204b can be assembled together by any appropriate means. , as non-limiting examples by ultrasonic welding, friction, induction or by bonding. Sealing As before, it is the outer end plates 206a, 206b of the beam 202 which support the sealing means (not shown) arranged between the plates 206a, 206b and the distribution box 204 at the periphery of the openings 208a, 208b of the distribution box 204. A seal is further provided between the side face of the beam vis-à-vis the side cover 210 and the side cover 210. The seal is here ensured on three sides, here two long sides and a small side of the exchanger 200. Thus, the beam 202 contributes to the reinforcement of the housing 204.

Assembly Method A method of assembling a heat exchanger 200 as described above is now described. In a manner similar to the previous embodiments described, the exchange elements of the exchange bundle 202 are assembled such as the plates 11, and possibly the disturbance vanes 16 and / or disturbing together for example by brazing. Once the bundle 202 has been assembled, it is arranged in the distribution box 204, for example by guiding the rails 213a of the external end plates 206a, 206b in the complementary grooves 213b of the casing 204, until the plates The outer ends 206a, 206b of the bundle 202 respectively close the openings 208a, 208b of the housing 204 or alternatively each half-housing 204a, 204b. As before, a sealing material is then injected into the receiving grooves provided for this purpose at the periphery of the openings 208a, 208b, as well as between the side wall 219 of the beam 202 and the side cover 210. The exchanger 200 can then be brazed. Again, this assembly causes a reduction in the internal volume subjected to the pressure, and the beam 202 forms a supporting structure of the exchanger 200 contributing to the reinforcement of the housing 204.

It is therefore understood that a heat exchanger according to the embodiments described herein are distinguished by a small footprint and ease of assembly while providing the necessary seal. In addition, the exchange beam forms a bearing structure of the exchanger and the exchanger has a volume less subject to mechanical stress.

Claims (16)

REVENDICATIONS1. Heat exchanger between at least a first fluid and a second fluid, especially for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a heat exchange bundle (3; 102; 202) between said fluids, - at least one dispensing box (7, 9; 104; 204) for the first fluid, and sealing means between said beam (3; 102; 202) and said at least one distribution box (7,9; 104; 204), characterized in that said sealing means is supported by at least two outer walls (5; 106a, 106b; 206a, 206b) of said beam (3; 102; 202) so that said beam (3; 102; 202) becomes a bearing structure of said exchanger . 2. Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that said sealing means comprises glue. 3. Exchanger according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said outer walls of said beam (3) are formed by a receiving housing (5) surrounding said beam (3) and having at least one opening (6) for assembly with said at least one distribution box (7, 9). 4. Exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that said housing for receiving said beam comprises a first inner casing (31) and a second outer casing (33), arranged to form at least one groove (35) for receiving said sealing means and a bead (37) of said at least one dispensing box (7, 9). 5. Exchanger according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that said inner casing (31) comprises two inner half-housings (31a, 31b) and said outer casing (33) comprises two outer half-casings. (33a, 33b). 6. Exchanger according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that 2967245 -18- said beam (3) and said housing (5) are assembled by brazing and in that said outer casing (33) has openings (34) configured to facilitate solder assembly. 7. Exchanger according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one distribution box (104; 204) forms a receiving housing of said beam (102; 202). 8. Exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that said at least one distribution box (104; 204) has at least two openings (108a, 108b; 208a, 208b, 212) closed by said beam (102; 202) by mechanical assembly. 9. Exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that said beam (102; 202) comprises two end plates (106a, 106b; 206a, 206b) configured to close two opposite openings (108a, 108b; 208a, 208b). at least one distribution box (104; 204) and respectively supporting said sealing means. 15 10. Exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the sealing means is configured on the one hand for sealing between said beam (102; 202) and said at least one distribution box (104; 204) and secondly for the mechanical assembly of said at least one distribution box (104; 204) and said beam (102; 202). 20 11. Exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that said at least one distribution box (204) has at least one third opening (212) closed by said beam (202) and in that said at least one third aperture (212) is configured for insertion of said beam (102) into said at least one distribution box (204) during assembly. 25 12. Exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that said at least one distribution housing (104) is formed in one piece. 13. Exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that said at least one distribution housing (204) is formed by the assembly of two half-housings (204a, 204b) section crosswise substantially in "U". 14. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to cool the charge air of an engine in a motor vehicle. 15. A method of assembling a heat exchanger (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 14, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - arranging said beam (3) in said housing interior (31), the assembly formed by said beam (3) and said inner casing (31) 10 is arranged in said outer casing (33), the bead (37) of said at least one dispensing casing (7, 9) in said at least one groove (35) formed by said inner (31) and outer (33) casings, and - a sealing material is injected into said at least one groove (35) formed by said inner casings ( 31) and outside (33). 16. A method of assembling an exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - said beam (102; 202) is inserted into said at least one distribution box (104; 204), and a sealing material is injected into grooves formed between said beam (102; 202) and said at least one distribution box (104; 204).