FR2964447A1 - LUMINOUS LIGHT EMITTING LAMINATED GLAZING AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a light-emitting diode-based laminated glazing unit (100) with a first glass element (1), a second glass element (2), and a first lamination interlayer (3), with at least one group of light-emitting diodes ( 5), optically coupled to the edge (13) of the laminated glazing, a printed diffusing layer (4) of given surface delimited by edges (40), arranged between the first laminating interlayer (3) and one of the glass elements, for thus forming a first illuminating area (41). The diffusing layer (4) is a porous ink layer deposited by ink jet and thus forming a plurality of submillimetric pads (14) spaced apart from one another, the porosity being observable under an optical microscope at a magnification of 20 and the layer diffuser (4) is encapsulated in plastics material (3). The invention also proposes its manufacturing process.

Description

LIGHT EMITTING LIGHT EMITTING GLAZING AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF

The present invention relates to an illuminating laminated glazing unit and more particularly to an electroluminescent light-emitting laminated glazing unit and to its manufacture. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were originally used to provide warning lamps or indicator lights for electrical and electronic devices, and have already been used for a few years to illuminate signaling devices such as traffic lights. signaling, motor vehicle lights (turn signals, position lights), or portable lights or markers. The interest of the diodes is their long life, their luminous efficiency, their robustness and their compactness, making the equipment employing them more durable, and requiring a reduced maintenance.

Furthermore, the patent application EPO478836 proposes a decorative laminated glazing comprising between the two glasses a polyurethane (PU) lamination interlayer carrying a diffusion layer based on ink printed by automated screen printing, solvent-free ink adhering to the urethane without reacting with the latter, to avoid delamination. The ink is based on a polymer, in particular polyvinyl or else dimethylfumarate or ketones. In a proposed configuration, the glazing is illuminated by its edge by a light source and the ink is chosen transparent or translucent. The object of the invention is to propose a laminated glazing that provides reliable illumination regardless of the type of illuminating pattern.

The invention even proposes to widen the range of possible applications. For this purpose, the present invention first proposes an illuminated laminated glazing unit which comprises: a first glass element, made of mineral glass, in particular substantially plane, with first and second main faces, a second glass element, made of mineral glass, in particular substantially plane, with a main face opposite the first face, said third face, and another main face, said fourth face, the second glass element preferably of similar or identical dimensions to the first glass element and of the same shape (rectangular , square, round ..), - a first lamination interlayer bonded to the first face and a first plastic material called the first lamination material, at least one group of light-emitting diodes, optically coupled to the edge of the laminated glazing for guidance in at least a fraction of the thickness of the laminated glazing of the light emitted by the diodes, diodes especially on a or a plurality of diode supports, preferably aligned along an axis, wherein diodes naturally have a given emission spectrum in the visible, a printed diffusing layer, of given surface delimited by edges, arranged between the first interlayer of lamination and the third face, in a so-called diffusing material, for extracting, after guiding, the light of the diodes and thus forming a first light zone associated with the first or second glass element, and the diffusing layer according to the invention is an ink layer porous, deposited by ink jet and thus forming a plurality of submillimeter pads spaced apart from each other, the porosity being observable under an optical microscope with a magnification of 20, this layer being encapsulated in plastic. The distribution of the pattern to be printed in spaced submillimetric studs is the signature of the inkjet deposit according to the invention. The diffusing layer according to the invention gives the illuminating zone numerous advantages: - mastered resolution of the illuminating area, - broad design flexibility, - economical manufacture, - and the encapsulation, homogeneity and durability of the illuminating area. The resolution of the inkjet printing allows more reproducible and better transcription of the image provided compared to a screen printing, image for example recorded in a file and processed digitally. The screen printing produces in particular an illuminating surface with irregular contours visible to the naked eye while with the ink jet ink can be made an illuminating area with a sharp outline.

The ink-jet printing ink also allows a wide flexibility of designs. This method does not require the purchase of specific consumables for each design, making the product economical, unlike screen printing (one screen per design). In addition, there is no color limit from the primary colors (cyan, magenta, yellow, white, black ..).

Plastic encapsulation guarantees aesthetic lighting, free of areas (bubbles, etc.) that change the perception of lighting.

The plastic encapsulation guarantees the adhesion of the diffusing layer, that is to say that there is no degradation of the mechanical strength. Conversely, an ink that would be deposited by inkjet on a plastic and directly in contact with the glass, would provide a very heterogeneous light for lack of adhesion with the glass (creation of bubbles and defects) and would no longer ensure mechanical resistance. The diffusing layer being inside the lamination, it remains protected from scratches and other external aggressions. The outside of the laminated glazing thus remains easy to clean.

In the present invention, the term "light-emitting diodes" (or shortened diodes) means quasi-point sources, generally inorganic, semiconductor chip, including separate sources of an OLED (organic diode) providing an extended illuminating surface. Advantageously, the lateral dimension of the pads, which is the minimum dimension of the pads) is less than 300 μm, in particular less than or equal to 100 μm, a lateral dimension that can be observed under an optical microscope with a magnification of 20. In addition, for a density of the ink of 100%, the size of the porosities, which is the minimum dimension of the porosities, can be less than 300 μm, in particular less than or equal to 100 μm, the edge of the diffusing layer can form a line (curved or straight depending of the design) to the naked eye, having a local undulation of period less than 300 pm, preferably less than or equal to 150 pm, observable under an optical microscope with a magnification of 20.

One may wish to form a lighting zone as homogeneous as possible without complicating the manufacture. To do this, the surface of the diffusing layer may be a continuous layer with a width of less than 200 mm, or even 100 nm and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 min or be discontinuous and formed of a set of fine patterns, of width (minimum dimension of the pattern) less than 200 mm, or even 100 minutes and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 minutes. The patterns are for example geometric: rectilinear or curved strip, for example concentric circles, L., etc. The patterns are identical or distinct, parallel to each other or not, with a distance between them identical or not.

To make a large uniform illuminating surface, it is possible in particular to vary gradually the density of patterns, in particular by varying the width

4 and / or the distance between neighboring patterns, this depending on the position of the diodes or even the distance of the patterns to the diodes. As usual lamination interlayer, mention may be made of polyurethane (PU) used as a flexible material, a plasticizer-free thermoplastic such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), a copolymer of polyethylene and acrylate by example sold by Dupont under the name of Butacite or sold by Solutia under the name of Saflex. These plastics have for example a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm, in particular 0.38 and 0.76 mm. As other plastics, it is also possible to use polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) PEN or PVC or ionomer resins. The encapsulating plastics material may be multi-material (bimaterial) or of a material, in particular in terms of lamination as mentioned above. If necessary, it naturally ensures compatibility between different plastics used, including their good adhesion and / or their temperature resistance. The encapsulating plastic covering the diffusing layer, or even forming the support of the diffusing layer, may preferably be chosen from the first lamination material.

Preferably, for simplicity, the encapsulating plastic covering the diffusing layer is selected from EVA and PVB or PU. With PVB, or with EVA or PU (with adapted thicknesses greater than for PVB to guarantee the same mechanical properties), the illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention can satisfy the building specifications (interior and / or exterior applications). ): - impact resistance (standards EN12600, EN356 in particular), - high temperature and high humidity durability, - UV durability. The illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention thus produced is secured.

In a preferred configuration, the encapsulating plastic covering the scattering layer and forming the support of the diffusing layer is chosen from EVA and PVB and PU. In another preferred configuration, the diffusing layer is deposited on a material additional plastic preferably transparent (especially if the light extraction side), preferably a particularly thin plastic film (less than 500 microns thick), such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), between the first spacer of laminating and a second lamination interlayer bonded to the third face and a plastic material called second lamination material, preferably of the same kind as the first lamination material, in particular PVB, EVA or PU.

Naturally, the ink is chosen both compatible with its support (typically a plastic, especially transparent) on which it is deposited and with the plastic encapsulation material. The surface of the ink support can be curved (for example, curved glazing). In addition, the ink support may be rough.

The ink can be (essentially) organic, in particular based on acrylate, polyester, etc. The inks used are, for example, crosslinked under UV. There are various types of solvent-based or non-solvent based ink which can be employed such as those described in US2008 / 0233371, US 2008/0233279, WO2004 / 011271. Organic inks are more readily compatible with EVA laminating material, PVB, and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) type plastic carrier. Preferably, a white ink is chosen to limit absorption to a minimum. The white ink is for example described in patents WO 2006/050536 A2, US 2005/0196560 A1. The printing density of the white ink can be between 5% and 40% by including these values, preferably between 8% and 12% including these values, to avoid the appearance of orange peel. The print density is the area covered by the ink, for example for a density of 30%, the ink covers 30% of the surface, of the remaining 70% there is no printing. This is measurable by image processing. Naturally, any element of the illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention is chosen to let enough light pass if it is disposed on one side of the glazing (and in a zone) for transmitting light. In one configuration, the first illuminating zone being associated with one of the first or second glass elements, the glazing may comprise a second illuminating zone associated with the other of the first or second glass elements, the second illuminating zone facing the diffusing layer. thus extracting the guided light from the diodes also for the second illuminating area.

It is possible to illuminate on the two main surfaces of the illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention. For this, we flip two transparent or semitransparent glasses. It is also possible to illuminate on one side, on a single main surface of the glazing. For this purpose, for example, a transparent glass (for example the first one) is laminated with a glass (for example the second) tinted or rendered opaque by an additional lacquer-like layer, for example by using the product Planilaque de SAINT -GOBAIN GLASS - or with a second interlayer tinted, or made opaque by an additional layer, this at least arranged in a surface of the second spacer or (second) glass facing the diffusing layer. The first illuminating zone may cover a portion of the surface of one of the first or second glass elements, said lighting glass element, leaving at least a first dark area, that is to say non-illuminating, on said glass element, dark zone which is chosen from a transparent zone or a decorative zone by an opaque and / or colored coating or even a mirror zone formed by a silver coating covered by an oxidation protection paint, silvering deposited on the outer face on the other side of the first or second glass elements, which is the second or the fourth face. The first illuminating zone can cover a fraction of the face (functional, visible), for example a zone (band ...) illuminating rather narrow in the case of a large glazed area, when a first dark zone is ie non-illuminating including a central area, has a distinct feature. The width (maximum) L1 (constant or variable width) of the first illuminating area (of any possible shape) may preferably be less than 200 mm or even less than or equal to 100 mm, in particular to leave a large dark area surface. The first illuminating zone may be peripheral, in particular along a glazing edge and the first more central dark zone, then further from the diodes than the first dark zone.

The first illuminating area may be in a given area of the glazing, which is for example a central area, and the first dark area may be more peripheral. Silvering conventionally is covered by its protective paint oxidation, as SGG Miralite product of the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, and preferably the outer face is against an opaque wall (wall, partition ...) .

The first naked glazing may have a light transmission of at least 85% while associated with the diffusing means, it has a light transmission of less than 85%, preferably between 30 and 85%. The blur in the first illuminating zone may preferably be greater than 70% or even greater than or equal to 85% and measured in a conventional manner with a device known as Hazemeter. The first glass element and / or the second glass element may be light mineral glass even extra-clear. For extra-clear glass; reference WO04 / 025334 can be referred to for the composition of an extra-clear glass. In particular, it is possible to choose a silicosodocalcic glass with less than 0.05% Fe III or Fe 2 O 3. For example, you can choose SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS Diamant® or Diamond Solaire®, SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS Albarino® glass (textured or smooth), Pilkington OptiWHITE® glass, Schott B270® glass. In addition, a mineral glass is preferred for the first and second glass elements for its multiple strengths: glass having a good resistance to heat, it can be close to the diodes despite the fact that they constitute hot spots, the glass is mechanically resistant so that it is easy to clean and does not scratch, which is of particular interest for glazing installed in areas of strict hygiene, - glass meets the requirements of fire safety standards . It may be as an example, depending in particular on the aesthetic rendering or the desired optical effect and / or the destination of the laminated glazing: - glass of standard composition, such as Planilux® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, of slightly green coloring, - Pyramidal type printed glass, such as Albarino® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, pyramid-shaped reliefs being established on the outer face of the substrate facing the external environment of the luminaire, - tempered glass with improved mechanical strength. The illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention may include a low emissivity function, solar control or any other functional coating (anti-scratch, anti-fouling ...) preferably on the second and fourth faces .... The glazing illuminating laminate according to the invention may comprise a second group of diodes in a second singing zone, in particular opposite the first singing zone, and preferably a second illuminating peripheral zone (band etc.) closer to the second group of diodes than the first group of diodes or central, and the first illuminating zone, including peripheral (band etc), being closer to the first group of diodes than the second group of diodes.

The group or groups of diodes may be coupled to control means for emitting light either permanently or intermittently, with different intensities, or a given color, or different colors, in particular depending on the amount of natural light. When the diodes have a side emitting face facing the wafer, the diodes are preferably arranged on a part of the profile which is coplanar with the second face or the fourth face (exit face of the light) and in an area exceeding the edge of the glazing. The diodes are preferably on a support. The diode support may be of any shape, for example flat, in particular a strip, for example rectilinear of square or rectangular cross section. The support can be opaque because it can be masked by the opaque profile. The support is preferably a printed circuit board or PCB (for "Printed Circuit Board"). It is made of plastic or is metallic.

Furthermore, heat removal avoids degrading the efficiency of the diodes, and therefore guarantees to provide even better light efficiency. Also, advantageously, particularly for diodes of medium or high power, the support of the diodes can be made integral with a thermal conductor of the metal type, in particular aluminum, copper or stainless steel, which is preferably a frame profile , said support integrating heat dissipation means and / or being associated with heat dissipation means connected to the thermal conductor The heat dissipation means, integrated and / or associated with the support of the diodes may be constituted by the material constituting the support, the metal type, or by metal surfaces integrated in the electrical insulating support, and possibly by means of securing the support to said thermal conductor, in particular formed by a frame profile, which are thermally conductive, of the type adhesive or thermally conductive adhesive tape and made of an electrical insulating material if the support is electrical insulator.

Preferably the diode support is metallic and the diodes are soldered on tracks which are electrically insulated from the metallic material. The metallic material of the support being thermal conductor, the support can be directly pressed against a thermal conductor to obtain a better heat dissipation. Fixing the support to the profile can be made for example by clipping and / or screwing. We can insert a thermal conductor (type thermal grease, thermal tape and / or thermal glue ...) to obtain even better heat dissipation, and this for better light efficiency and durability of the diodes. The adhesive tape has the advantage of providing a calibrated thickness, allowing the support to be perfectly flat and ensure that the diodes are all equidistant from the profile. In addition, the adhesive tape allows its prior attachment to the support. An assembly of the diode support via a double-sided adhesive or a curable adhesive (which does not provide immediate fixation) is preferred because it allows relative positioning of the small support on the profile. With a support of plastic diodes, the diodes are soldered on heat dissipating surfaces (called "thermal pad" in English) reported on the two opposite sides of the support and through its thickness. Fixing is necessarily performed by an electrically insulating thermal conductive joining material associated with heat dissipation surfaces. The thermal conductive bonding material is for example thermally conductive adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape, already mentioned. In a simple manner, the support (s) (bars) are therefore preferably fixed by gluing with a glue or a double-sided thermally conductive adhesive, in order to promote the dissipation of the heat generated by the diodes. Alternatively, the support is fixed by bonding a double-sided thermally conductive adhesive to a flat interface piece, advantageously metallic, itself fixed by bonding to the profile such as with a curable glue not to provide immediate bonding . Such a fixing allows a relative positioning of the support of small dimensions in a precise manner on the part of the profile coplanar with the glass, in particular in the case of a semi-closed profile having a return to form an entourage. The diodes can thus be integral with a profile arranged along the edge of the laminated glazing and formed of an opaque and thermally conductive material, in particular of metal type such as aluminum.

The profile can be of any shape so as to hide the diodes: U, J, C, L, etc ... Preferably the profile forms an entourage of the diodes, to ensure better protection. Thus, preferably, there is no hole in the edge of the glazing to accommodate the diodes. According to one feature, the profile extends or is associated with other profiles over the entire periphery of the laminated glazing and forms a peripheral frame integral with the perimeter of the laminated glazing. In a particular form, the profile comprises a return arranged in abutment against the front face of the laminated glazing. The profile is typically a metal sheet of thickness less than or equal to 3 mm or between 0.5 and 1.5 mm including these values. Thus, in one embodiment, the diodes (on their support) are arranged in a means for holding and / or peripheral protection, in particular a profile, comprising for example three flat sections (in one piece or assembled): two main sections parallel to the main faces, preferably in contact with the faces, and a lateral section, facing the coupling edge. Said holding and / or protection means may be adapted to clamp the glazing or the two main sections are provided with tabs engaging in notches made on the main external faces of the laminated glazing. The one or more sections may furthermore have one or the following characteristics: - extend all along the and / or outer faces of the multiple glazing, - extend all along the coupling edge (or of the associated face), especially when the hole is a groove, and be thin, - be opaque, to hide the diodes and / or outgoing direct light, - be reflective (aluminum for example) or have at least one internal face reflective (silver, aluminum) to recycle rays.

Other means of fixing and / or arrangement of the diodes are possible including an arrangement of the diodes in a hole of one of the glasses. The preferred hole may form a groove along the guide, to accommodate a plurality of diodes, non-emerging groove or open on at least one side, in particular to facilitate mounting by the side. The bottom of the hole can be plane or be concave, convex, spherical, hyperbolic or aspherical. Furthermore the hole may have a retention profile (otherwise a retention section) to facilitate the attachment of the diodes. At least one edge of the wafer not coupled to the diodes may further preferably have at least one reflective portion, and preferably a reflective layer substantially covers said face and / or said edge The glazing may form decorative lighting, architectural lighting, lighting signaling. The glazing may be designed for: - a building glazing, such as an illuminating facade, an illuminating window, a ceiling lamp, a floor slab or illuminating wall, an illuminated glazed door, an illuminating partition, a stair step, - to a transport vehicle, such as an illuminated side window or an illuminated glazed roof or an illuminated window, an illuminated glazed door, in particular of public transport, train, subway, tramway, bus or aquatic or air vehicle (airplane), - to street or urban lighting, - a window of street furniture, such as an illuminated glazed part of a bus shelter, a railing, a display, a window, a shelf element, a greenhouse, - a interior furniture glazing, such as an illuminating bathroom wall, an illuminating mirror, an illuminated glass part of a piece of furniture, - a glazed part, in particular a door, a glass shelf, a lid for refrigerated domestic equipment or professional. The robustness of the diodes is particularly interesting in intensive uses such as in public transport such as trains, planes, coaches, pleasure boats .... The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing laminated glazing illuminating as defined previously comprising: - the supply of the first and second glass elements, a first plastic sheet in the first lamination material with an outer face of said connection to bind to the first face, - the provision of a diffusing layer in said ink-jet ink deposited on the first plastic sheet or on the additional film placed on the opposite side to the connecting face, - the provision of another plastic sheet in a lamination interlayer material with a so-called laminating face to be bonded (to the third face and an opposite face called protection covering the diffusing layer, - the lamination thus encapsulating the diffusing wad in the interlayer plastic laminating material. Printing is preferably done using a digitally controlled ink jet printer. Digital processing allows a great flexibility of images, patterns, colors to print. Digital processing is used to model the density of the print that will directly affect the intensity of the lighting. The inks used are, for example, UV-cured, the UV lamp being located at the level of the print head: the drying is then instantaneous for a better precision of the patterns. The manufacture of the glazing preferably does not require heat treatment at high temperature, especially above 200 ° C unlike for example the use of a diffusing layer of enamel type. Without the additional film, the first plastic sheet and the other plastic sheet are made of EVA, PVB or PU and form the first laminating interlayer (single). With the additional film, the other film forms said second interlayer lamination.

Further details and advantageous features of the invention appear on reading the examples of illuminated laminated glazing according to the invention illustrated by the following figures: FIGS. 1a, 2a, 3a and 4 schematically represent cross-sectional views of the glazing 11b, 2b to 2e, 3b schematically show front views of glazings with illuminating areas and possible adjacent dark areas, FIG. 1c shows the fabrication of the laminate in FIG. 1d shows an optical microscope view of the ink jet ink with a magnification of 20, FIG. 1 shows an optical microscope view of the inkjet printed ink at a magnification of 20. FIG. a screen printing ink of the prior art, with a magnification of 20.

It is specified that for the sake of clarity the various elements of the objects (including angles) represented are not necessarily reproduced on the scale. In addition, in the figures, the light rays do not necessarily strictly follow the laws of optics.

FIG. 1 schematically represents a partial view in longitudinal section of a laminated glazing unit with light-emitting diodes 100 in a first embodiment of the invention. Glazing 100, with a song 13 comprises: a first glass element, for example plane 1, made of mineral glass with first and second main faces 11, 12 and a wafer, for example square glass sheet (or rectangular sheet, etc.), in particular a glass called SGGF Diamant 3 mm thick, - a first interlayer 3 lamination, 1.14 mm PVB encapsulating a diffusing layer less than 20 microns thick printed by inkjet (digital printing ) with a UV-curing white ink (the product called Sunjet Crystal ink sold by the company Sunchemical), and with a printing density of 10%, this interlayer incorporating the diffusing layer being formed as shown in FIG. a first PVB laminating film having a thickness of 0.76 mm and carrying, on the side of the third face of the diffusing layer, another, optionally thinner, PVB lamination film 30 'of 0, 38 mm thick, one e part in contact with the diffusing layer and on the other hand forming a continuity of material (s) with the first interlayer of lamination outside the diffusing layer, giving a single thickness of PVB outside the diffusing layer, - a second planar glass element 2, with a main face facing the first face, said third face 21, and connected to the first spacer 3, and another main face 22, called the fourth face, and a wafer, for example square glass sheet ( or rectangle, etc.), in particular a diamond glass of the company SGGF, with a thickness of 3 mm, a group of diodes 5 on a PCB support 51 of the bar type, diodes optically coupled to a first edge of the edge 13, the diodes each having a given main direction of emission substantially parallel to the first face 11.

The diffusing layer is in the form of a central band.

The glasses and the dividers being transparent, the diffusing layer 4 extracts, after guiding, the light of the diodes: - via the transparent interlayer 3 and the first transparent glass element 1 thus forming a first illuminating zone (visible), in band 41 ', on the side of the second face 12 (schematized by a first brace), - via the transparent interlayer 3 the second transparent glass element 2 and thus form a second illuminating zone (visible), in band 41 on the side of the fourth face 22 ( schematized by a second hug). Naturally one can use several bars of diodes for the first illuminating area, depending on the length in particular. On each side, central illuminating strips 41, 41 ', there are peripheral transparent areas 42, 42' as shown in FIG. 1b. This glazing is suitable for example for decorative lighting and architectural applications including: - furniture (integrated in a table, a shelf, a closet, ...), - showcases, - partitions, - doors, - railings, - stairs (guardrail or step), - facades ... Regarding the assembly of the diodes, the support PCB 51 is preferably metal including aluminum, and optionally with a diffusing surface around the groups of diodes 5 for ray recycling.

The PCB support 51 is for example fixed (by gluing, screwing, etc.) to the internal face of a metal section 6, for example made of aluminum, of U-shaped cross-section. It is preferable to use thermal grease between the PCB support and metal profile, such as the compound CK4960® sold by the company Jetart.

Furthermore, glue 7 drowns the diode bar 5 for its protection and is also used for fixing the profile 6. Alternatively, a groove in the wafer in one of the glasses or at the level of the spacer would accommodate the diodes. For each diode, it is possible to define a set of so-called central light rays in an emission cone around the main transmission direction, characterized by a first half-angle e1 with respect to the main direction and a second half-angle 19.2. in relation to the main direction io. The half-angle at half height e ml (towards the first illuminating area) and / or 15'M2 (towards the second illuminating area) may be at least 50 °, preferably at least 60 ° ° or at least 70 °. The emission cone here is Lambertian. The ink-jet ink is in the form of a plurality of pads of maximum lateral dimension less than 100 μm, in particular observable under an optical microscope, for example with a magnification of 20, as shown in FIG. 1d. It is also observed that the edge 40 of the diffusing layer 4 forms a line having a local undulation with a period of less than or equal to 150 μm. Conversely, as shown in FIG. 1c, it is also observed that the edge 40 of a diffusing layer of the prior art formed by screen printing forms a line having a very marked local undulation with a period of the order of 400 μm. The inkjet printing makes it possible to print different colors of ink very easily, not to buy specific tools (no screen), can print directly on a roll (here of PVB) which is unwound before printing and then wound after printing (the ink is dried directly after printing by UV lamps glued to the print head). In a second embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, the glazing 200 differs from the first embodiment by the - the illuminated peripheral area 41 to 43 'is split, on either side of the single centralized transparency zone 42 to 42. the addition of a PET film 8 carrying the diffusing layer 4 between the first laminating interlayer 3 and a second laminating interlayer 3 ', the adding on a opposite coupling edge of a second group diode on PCB support and on the metal frame 6 surrounding the glazing 200. Examples of diffusing layer 4 in the form of a plurality of patterns 4a, for example 20 mm wide, are shown in FIG. 2b to 2e: form of straight lines parallel to each other and to the coupling edges and increasingly thick towards the center of the illuminating zone 41, - pattern in the form of straight lines parallel to each other and perpendicular to the neck edges beach and increasingly thin toward the center of the illuminating area 41, - patterns in the form of L and rectangles, - patterns in the form of concentric rings of thicker and thicker towards the center of the illuminating area 41. In a third embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the glazing unit 300 differs from the glazing unit 200 by the following elements: - mounting on a partition 60 of the glazing unit by the second face 12, - the presence on the second face 12 of a silvering conventional coated with an oxidation protection paint forming a central mirror area on the side of the fourth face 22 and further reflecting light to the layer 4.

In a fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the glazing 400 differs from the glazing 100 by the presence of a black enamel decorative layer 91 on the second face 12, forming a peripheral frame, the choice of 5 'diodes. side emission type, so with a PCB support 51 parallel to the glazing and attached to a portion of the profile parallel to the glazing.

Claims (17)

REVENDICATIONS1. Illuminated laminated glazing (100, 200, 300, 400) with a edge (13), the glazing comprising: - a first glass element (1), made of mineral glass, with first and second main faces (11, 12), - a second glass element (2), made of mineral glass, with a main face facing the first face, said third face (21), and another main face, said fourth face (22), - a first laminating interlayer ( 3, 31) connected to the first face (11) and a first plastic material called the first laminating material, - at least one group of light-emitting diodes (5), optically coupled to the edge (13) of the laminated glazing for guidance in at least a fraction of the thickness of the laminated glazing of the light emitted by the diodes, - a printed diffusing layer (4) of given surface (41) delimited by edges (40), arranged between the first interlayer (3). ) and the third face (21), layer in a material said diffuser, to extract, after guidance, the light of the diodes and thus form a first illuminating zone (41, 41 ', 43, 43') associated with the first glass element (1) or the second glass element (2), characterized in that the diffusing layer (4) is a porous ink layer deposited by ink jet and thus forming a plurality of submillimetric pads (14) spaced apart from each other, the porosity (14 ') being observable under an optical microscope with a magnification of 20, and in that the diffusing layer (4) is encapsulated in plastics material (3). 2. illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the lateral dimension of the pads (14) which is the minimum dimension of the pads, is less than 300 pm, especially lower or equals 100 pm. 3. illuminating laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the edge (40) of the diffusing layer (4) forms a line having a local undulation of period less than 300 pm preferably less than or equal to 150 μm. 4. Laminated illuminating glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the encapsulating plastic covering the diffusing layer, or even forming a support of the diffusing layer, is chosen in the first material lamination (3). 5. illuminating laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the plastic encapsulation material (3) covering the diffusing layer (4) is selected from the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, the polyvinyl butyral and polyurethane. 6. illuminated laminated glass (100, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the encapsulating plastic covering the diffusing layer and forming a support of the diffusing layer is selected from the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer polyvinyl butyral and polyurethane. 7. illuminated laminated glass (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the diffusing layer (4) is deposited on an additional plastic material, in particular a plastic film, between the first interlayer lamination (3) and a second lamination interlayer (3 ') bonded to the third face (21) and a plastic material called second laminating material, preferably of the same kind as the first lamination material, especially ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral or polyurethane . 8. illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the ink is organic, especially based on acrylate, polyester. 9. illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the ink is white. 10. Illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the printing density of the white ink is between 5% and 40% including these values, preferably between 8% and 12% including these values. 11. Illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the first illuminating zone (41) is associated with one of the first or second glass elements (1) and the glazing comprises a second illuminating zone (41 ') associated with the other of the first or second glass elements (2), second illuminating zone (41') facing the diffusing layer (4). 12. Light laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the first illuminating zone partially covers the surface of one of the first or second glass elements (1,2), said lighting element, thus leaving at least a first dark zone that is to say non-luminous, on said lighting glass element, which zone is chosen from a transparent zone, a decorative zone (92) by a coating opaque and / or colored or a mirror zone formed by a silvering (9) covered by an oxidation protection paint, silvering deposited on the outer face of the other of the first or second glass elements (1), which is the second face (12) or the fourth face. 13. illuminated laminated glazing (200, 300) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a second group of diodes in a second edge zone, in particular opposite the first edge zone, and preferably a second illuminating zone, in particular peripheral and closer to the second group of diodes than the first group of diodes, and the first illuminating zone, in particular peripheral and closer to the first group of diodes than the second group of diodes. 14. illuminated laminated glass (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it forms a decorative lighting, architectural lighting, signaling lighting. 15. Application of the illuminated laminated glazing (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims of glazing: - to a building glazing, such as a lighting facade, an illuminating window, a ceiling lamp, a floor slab or illuminated glass door, illuminated glass door, illuminated partition, stair step, stair railing, door - to a transport vehicle, as side light or illuminated glass roof or illuminated window, glass door illuminating, including public transport, train, metro, tramway, bus, water or air vehicle, - street or street lighting, - a street furniture glazing, such as a glazed illuminated part of bus shelter, balustrade , from a display case, to a shelf element, from a greenhouse, - to an interior furnishing glazing, such as a bathroom wall, an illuminating mirror, to an illuminating glazed part of a furnished e, a guard, - a window, - a glass part, including door, glass shelf, lid, refrigerated household or professional equipment. 16. A method of manufacturing the illuminated laminated glazing (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims of glazing comprising: - the supply of the first and second glass elements, a first plastic sheet in the first material of laminating with a so-called binding face to be bonded to the first face, - providing a diffusing layer in said ink-deposited ink on the first plastic sheet or on the additional film placed on the opposite side to the so-called binding, - the supply of another plastic sheet in a lamination interlayer material with a so-called lamination face to be bonded to the third face and an opposite so-called protective face covering the diffusing layer, - the lamination thus encapsulating the diffusing layer in the interlayer plastic laminating material. 17. A method of manufacturing the illuminated laminated glazing (100, 200400) according to the preceding method claim characterized in that, without the additional film, the first plastic sheet and the other plastic sheet are ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, in polyvinyl butyral or polyurethane and forms the first laminating interlayer.