FR2950088A1 - Thermal bridge rupture device for construction of wooden framework of building, has structure placed on sides of wind-bracing with offset of mesh to avoid alignment of vertical uprights between interior side and exterior side - Google Patents

Thermal bridge rupture device for construction of wooden framework of building, has structure placed on sides of wind-bracing with offset of mesh to avoid alignment of vertical uprights between interior side and exterior side Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2950088A1
FR2950088A1 FR0904378A FR0904378A FR2950088A1 FR 2950088 A1 FR2950088 A1 FR 2950088A1 FR 0904378 A FR0904378 A FR 0904378A FR 0904378 A FR0904378 A FR 0904378A FR 2950088 A1 FR2950088 A1 FR 2950088A1
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France
Prior art keywords
bracing
mesh
offset
elements
wind
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FR0904378A
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French (fr)
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Nicolas Claude Paul Moussart
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR0904378A priority Critical patent/FR2950088A1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E04B2/706Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function
    • E04B2/707Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function obturation by means of panels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7679Means preventing cold bridging at the junction of an exterior wall with an interior wall or a floor

Abstract

The device has a structure placed on sides of a wind-bracing (6) with an offset of mesh to avoid alignment of vertical uprights (1, 13) between an interior side and an exterior side. Non-carrying elements are equipped on the interior side or the exterior side. Structure elements with different sections are equipped on the interior side or the exterior side for fixing an insulator (2) i.e. mineral or vegetable fibrous insulator. Horizontal structure elements are fixed on the sides of the wind-bracing with an offset of height between an interior face (5) and an exterior face.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mise en oeuvre de matériaux permettant d'assurer une rupture des ponts thermiques sur les panneaux préfabriqués destinés à la construction de bâtiments à ossature bois. The present invention relates to a device for implementing materials for breaking thermal bridges on prefabricated panels for the construction of timber frame buildings.

Traditionnellement, les ossatures bois sont composées de montants en bois disposés verticalement et espacés les uns des autres le plus souvent de 600 mm. Cet espacement régulier est appelé "maille". De part et d'autre de ces montants, plusieurs matériaux sont disposés de façon à répondre aux besoins de structure, d'isolation, d'étanchéité à l'air et de finition du bâtiment. Or, l'isolant étant systématiquement disposé dans l'épaisseur de la structure, il apparaît que: • d'une part, les lisses et montants sont des éléments que nous qualifierons de "débouchants", puisqu'ils sont visibles sous les parements de finition de part et d'autre de la paroi murale, • d'autre part, ce bois massif utilisé en structure est 8 à 12 fois moins isolant que l'isolant lui-même (le plus souvent une laine minérale ou végétale), selon les matériaux et la qualité de la mise en oeuvre. En conséquence, ces éléments de structure de l'ossature constituent des ponts thermiques, c'est à dire des zones 25 précises de la construction qui contribuent à refroidir l'ensemble de la paroi par transmission directe des calories contenues dans l'air au travers de ces éléments eux-même. Traditionally, wood frames are composed of wooden uprights arranged vertically and spaced apart from each other most often 600 mm. This regular spacing is called "mesh". On both sides of these amounts, several materials are arranged to meet the needs of structure, insulation, airtightness and finish of the building. Now, insulating being systematically arranged in the thickness of the structure, it appears that: • on the one hand, the rails and uprights are elements that we will describe as "open", since they are visible under the facings of finish on both sides of the wall, • on the other hand, this solid wood used in structure is 8 to 12 times less insulating than the insulation itself (usually a mineral or vegetable wool), according to the materials and the quality of the implementation. Consequently, these structural elements of the framework constitute thermal bridges, that is to say precise zones of the construction which contribute to cooling the whole wall by direct transmission of the calories contained in the air through of these elements themselves.

Le dispositif constituant l'invention permet de 30 remédier à cet inconvénient. Il consiste en effet à construire une double paroi permettant la distinction entre les éléments intérieurs et extérieurs qui, grâce à une mise en oeuvre adaptée, seront désolidarisés sur le plan thermique. Le contreventement assure la fonction de liaison -2- entre les montants verticaux intérieurs et extérieurs qui eux-même assurent la reprise des charges verticales dues au poids de l'ouvrage. De cette façon, il se créé dans la paroi murale un gradient de température qui freine les échanges thermiques et renforce ainsi l'isolation du bâtiment. Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation: • En plus des montants, les lisses haute et basse peuvent être désolidarisées de la même façon et ainsi 10 assurer la rupture des ponts thermiques aux extrémités supérieures et inférieures de chacun des panneaux préfabriqués. • Tous les autres éléments de structure, verticaux ou horizontaux, en particulier à proximité des 15 menuiseries, peuvent de la même façon appartenir à la face intérieure ou la face extérieure du panneau préfabriqué en étant désolidarisé des éléments situés sur l'autre face. The device constituting the invention overcomes this disadvantage. It consists in building a double wall allowing the distinction between the internal and external elements which, thanks to an adapted implementation, will be separated from the thermal plan. The bracing provides the link function -2- between the vertical uprights inside and outside which themselves ensure the recovery of vertical loads due to the weight of the structure. In this way, a temperature gradient is created in the wall, which slows down heat exchange and thus reinforces the insulation of the building. According to particular embodiments: In addition to the amounts, the high and low rails can be disengaged in the same way and thus ensure the breaking of the thermal bridges at the upper and lower ends of each of the prefabricated panels. • All other structural elements, vertical or horizontal, especially near the 15 joineries, can likewise belong to the inner face or the outer face of the prefabricated panel being separated from the elements on the other side.

20 La figure 1 représente, vue du dessus, la structure d'une paroi murale à ossature bois traditionnelle. Les lisses horizontales sont ignorées pour la clarté de la figure. La figure 2 représente, vue du dessus, la structure d'une 25 paroi murale selon l'invention, dite "paroi murale à rupture de ponts thermiques". Les lisses horizontales sont également ignorées pour la clarté de la figure. Figure 1 shows, from above, the structure of a traditional wood frame wall. The horizontal rails are ignored for the clarity of the figure. FIG. 2 shows, from above, the structure of a wall wall according to the invention, called a "thermal break wall wall". The horizontal rails are also ignored for the clarity of the figure.

En référence à la figure 1, la structure verticale de 30 la paroi murale traditionnelle dont les montants (1) pouvant être espacés de 600 mm (une maille) reçoit un isolant fibreux minéral ou végétal (2) installé dans cette même épaisseur. Du côté intérieur, la membrane d'étanchéité à l'air (3) est surmontée d'un tasseau horizontal (4) 35 permettant la fixation d'un parement intérieur (5) sur un vide d'air. Du côté extérieur, le contreventement (6) -3- assure la tenue de la structure sous les contraintes de déformation de l'ensemble de la paroi, puis la membrane d'étanchéité à la pluie (7) est surmontée d'un tasseau (8) permettant la fixation du parement extérieur (9) sur un vide d'air (10). La flèche (11) symbolise le passage des calories sous forme de pont thermique comme explicité ci-avant. With reference to FIG. 1, the vertical structure of the traditional wall wall whose uprights (1) which can be spaced apart by 600 mm (one mesh) receives a mineral or plant fibrous insulation (2) installed in this same thickness. On the inner side, the airtight membrane (3) is surmounted by a horizontal cleat (4) 35 for fixing an inner facing (5) to an air gap. On the outside, the bracing (6) -3- ensures the holding of the structure under the constraints of deformation of the entire wall, then the rain-tight membrane (7) is surmounted by a cleat ( 8) for fixing the outer face (9) on an air gap (10). The arrow (11) symbolizes the passage of calories as a thermal bridge as explained above.

La figure 2 illustre un mode possible de réalisation de l'invention: La paroi murale se compose de 2 parties distinctes, l'une du côté intérieur de la construction, l'autre du côté extérieur. La séparation entre ces deux parties est le contreventement (6), élément de structure qui reprend les contraintes de déformation de l'ensemble de la paroi. Du côté intérieur, on retrouve les éléments traditionnels des ossatures en bois, à savoir des montants (1) pour les reprises de charges verticales, entre lesquels un isolant (2) assure la protection thermique de la paroi. Une membrane d'étanchéité à l'air (3) vient se fixer par dessus les montants, puis un tasseau horizontal (4) fixé sur les montants à travers la membrane permet la fixation d'un parement intérieur (5). Du côté extérieur, des éléments de structure additionnels viennent renforcer la reprise des charges verticales et forment une seconde protection contre les transferts de chaleur. Ces éléments sont disposés comme suit: Des montants (13) sont fixés sur le contreventement (6). On prendra soin de fixer ces éléments avec l'espacement habituel (une maille de 600 mm par exemple) mais avec un décalage d'une demi maille par rapport à la structure fixée de l'autre côté du contreventement. La maille et la demi maille sont repérées sur la figure 2. Le remplissage entre les montants se fera avec le même isolant (12) que du côté intérieur. Puis, une membrane d'étanchéité à la pluie (7) viendra fermer le caisson. Un tasseau vertical (8) fixé sur la structure du côté extérieur recevra le parement extérieur (9), un bardage en bois par exemple ou n'importe quel autre -4- matériau approuvé par la réglementation pour ce type d'usage. On notera que selon un mode de réalisation possible, la paroi peut comporter soit du côté intérieur, soit du côté extérieur, des éléments non porteurs, des éléments structurels de section différente permettant la fixation d'un isolant quelconque, des éléments de structure horizontaux (lisses par exemple) fixés de part et d'autre du contreventement avec un décalage de hauteur entre la face intérieure et la face extérieure, ou encore des éléments de structure secondaire, autour des ouvertures ou aux extrémités des panneaux, présentant un décalage de hauteur ou de positionnement entre les éléments de la face intérieure et ceux de la face extérieure. FIG. 2 illustrates a possible embodiment of the invention: The wall wall consists of two distinct parts, one on the inside of the building, the other on the outside. The separation between these two parts is the bracing (6), structural element that takes the strain of deformation of the entire wall. On the inside, there are the traditional elements of wooden frames, namely amounts (1) for the recovery of vertical loads, between which an insulator (2) provides thermal protection of the wall. An air-tight membrane (3) is fixed over the uprights, and then a horizontal cleat (4) fixed on the uprights through the membrane allows the attachment of an inner facing (5). On the outside, additional structural elements reinforce the recovery of vertical loads and form a second protection against heat transfer. These elements are arranged as follows: Uprights (13) are fixed on the bracing (6). We will take care to fix these elements with the usual spacing (a mesh of 600 mm for example) but with a shift of half a mesh compared to the structure fixed on the other side of the brace. The mesh and the half mesh are marked in Figure 2. The filling between the amounts will be with the same insulation (12) as the inner side. Then, a waterproof membrane (7) will close the box. A vertical cleat (8) fixed on the structure of the outer side will receive the outer cladding (9), a wooden cladding for example or any other -4- material approved by the regulations for this type of use. It will be noted that according to one possible embodiment, the wall may comprise, on the inside or on the outside, non-load bearing elements, structural elements of different cross-section for fixing any insulation, horizontal structural elements ( smooth, for example) fixed on either side of the bracing with a height offset between the inner face and the outer face, or secondary structure elements, around the openings or at the ends of the panels, having a height offset or positioning between the elements of the inner face and those of the outer face.

Les flèches (14) représentées sur la figure 2 montrent le cheminement possible des calories lors des inévitables transferts de chaleur avec l'extérieur. Par rapport à la solution traditionnelle, on se rend compte que dans le cas le plus défavorable, ce cheminement passe obligatoirement par une épaisseur d'isolant correspondant à la largeur des montants utilisés pour la structure porteuse de l'ossature. Dans le cas où la structure serait composée de montants de section 45x120, l'épaisseur d'isolant protégeant la construction serait au minimum (donc dans le cas le plus défavorable), de 120 mm. The arrows (14) shown in Figure 2 show the possible path of calories during unavoidable heat transfers with the outside. Compared to the traditional solution, one realizes that in the most unfavorable case, this path passes necessarily by a thickness of insulator corresponding to the width of the uprights used for the supporting structure of the frame. In the case where the structure is composed of 45x120 section uprights, the insulation thickness protecting the construction would be at least 120 mm (in the worst case).

Par rapport à la solution traditionnelle, l'invention détaillée ici permet une assurance de la performance énergétique des bâtiments grâce à une mise en oeuvre 30 spécifique supprimant les ponts thermiques dus aux éléments de structure débouchants. Compared to the traditional solution, the invention detailed here allows an assurance of the energy performance of buildings through a specific implementation removing the thermal bridges due to the structural elements emerging.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à la construction de parois murales pour les 35 constructions à ossature bois. Il permet de viser des 20 25 5 -5 performances énergétiques au moins égales à celles des labels les plus stricts concernant l'habitat individuel. Le dispositif selon l'invention est parfaitement adapté à une préfabrication en atelier des parois murales mais peut également être mis en oeuvre directement sur chantier. The device according to the invention is particularly intended for the construction of wall walls for wood frame constructions. It allows to aim for energy performances at least equal to those of the strictest labels concerning the individual habitat. The device according to the invention is perfectly suited to prefabrication in the wall walls workshop but can also be implemented directly on site.

Claims (5)

Revendications1) Dispositif à rupture de ponts thermiques pour la construction d'ossatures en bois destinées au bâtiment sous toutes ses formes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une structure disposée de part et d'autre d'un contreventement (6) avec un décalage de maille permettant d'éviter l'alignement des montants (1 et 13) entre le côté intérieur et le côté extérieur. Claims 1) Device for breaking thermal bridges for the construction of wooden frames for the building in all its forms, characterized in that it comprises a structure arranged on either side of a brace (6) with an offset mesh to prevent the alignment of the uprights (1 and 13) between the inner side and the outer side. 2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, soit du côté intérieur, soit du côté 10 extérieur, des éléments non porteurs. 2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises, either on the inner side or the outer side, non-load bearing elements. 3) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, soit du côté intérieur, soit du côté extérieur, des éléments structurels de section différente permettant la fixation d'un isolant quelconque. 15 3) Device according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that it comprises, either on the inner side or on the outer side, structural elements of different section for fixing any insulation. 15 4) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des éléments de structure horizontaux (lisses par exemple) fixés de part et d'autre du contreventement avec un décalage de hauteur entre la face intérieure et la face extérieure. 20 4) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises horizontal structural elements (smooth for example) fixed on either side of the bracing with a height shift between the inner face and the outer face . 20 5) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des éléments de structure secondaire, autour des ouvertures ou aux extrémités des panneaux, présentant un décalage de hauteur ou de positionnement entre les éléments de la face 25 intérieure et ceux de la face extérieure. 5) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises secondary structure elements, around the openings or at the ends of the panels, having a shift in height or positioning between the elements of the inner face and those of the outer face.
FR0904378A 2009-09-15 2009-09-15 Thermal bridge rupture device for construction of wooden framework of building, has structure placed on sides of wind-bracing with offset of mesh to avoid alignment of vertical uprights between interior side and exterior side Withdrawn FR2950088A1 (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2987635A1 (en) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-06 Jean Luc Marcel Mauduit Method for manufacturing and assembling wooden frame wall in workshop, involves staggering wooden uprights at specific distance between lower- and upper horizontal rails to displace and cover sides of wooden uprights by insulating material
FR2999203A1 (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-13 Willy Serge Furter Method for constructing dwelling made of stones, bricks, wood, concrete or composite materials, involves forming framework from wooden, metal or composite materials, and providing framework in fixed air chamber
FR3000116A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-27 Claude Blouet Framework wood constructional system for making e.g. leisure shelter, has carrier structure including multiple elements that are provided to be prolonged, insulation of double thickness separated by wind-bracing panel
FR3006348A1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-05 Blay 2 & 3 G OSSATURE FOR BEARING WALL
EP2913454A1 (en) * 2014-02-17 2015-09-02 Jean Pierro Giovanni Antonio Malvicini Building panel
GB2567549A (en) * 2017-09-01 2019-04-17 Innovare Systems Ltd Multifunctional Construction Panel
CN110835964A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-02-25 湖北麻一建设有限公司 Prefabricated sandwich heat-insulation concrete external wall panel and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1559446A1 (en) * 1964-06-10 1969-09-25 United States Gypsum Co Sound absorbing wall construction
FR2601057A2 (en) * 1985-07-25 1988-01-08 Devey Sa Entreprise Load-bearing structure and method for constructing dwellings according to an implementation of the said load-bearing structure
US5297369A (en) * 1993-05-05 1994-03-29 Dickinson Sydney L Building structure with improved soundproofing characteristics
DE102004006321A1 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-06-16 Rheinhold & Mahla Ag Fireproof wall

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1559446A1 (en) * 1964-06-10 1969-09-25 United States Gypsum Co Sound absorbing wall construction
FR2601057A2 (en) * 1985-07-25 1988-01-08 Devey Sa Entreprise Load-bearing structure and method for constructing dwellings according to an implementation of the said load-bearing structure
US5297369A (en) * 1993-05-05 1994-03-29 Dickinson Sydney L Building structure with improved soundproofing characteristics
DE102004006321A1 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-06-16 Rheinhold & Mahla Ag Fireproof wall

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2987635A1 (en) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-06 Jean Luc Marcel Mauduit Method for manufacturing and assembling wooden frame wall in workshop, involves staggering wooden uprights at specific distance between lower- and upper horizontal rails to displace and cover sides of wooden uprights by insulating material
FR2999203A1 (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-13 Willy Serge Furter Method for constructing dwelling made of stones, bricks, wood, concrete or composite materials, involves forming framework from wooden, metal or composite materials, and providing framework in fixed air chamber
FR3000116A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-27 Claude Blouet Framework wood constructional system for making e.g. leisure shelter, has carrier structure including multiple elements that are provided to be prolonged, insulation of double thickness separated by wind-bracing panel
FR3006348A1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-05 Blay 2 & 3 G OSSATURE FOR BEARING WALL
EP2913454A1 (en) * 2014-02-17 2015-09-02 Jean Pierro Giovanni Antonio Malvicini Building panel
GB2567549A (en) * 2017-09-01 2019-04-17 Innovare Systems Ltd Multifunctional Construction Panel
GB2567549B (en) * 2017-09-01 2021-11-10 Innovare Systems Ltd Multifunctional Construction Panel
CN110835964A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-02-25 湖北麻一建设有限公司 Prefabricated sandwich heat-insulation concrete external wall panel and manufacturing method thereof
CN110835964B (en) * 2019-11-07 2021-04-20 湖北麻一建设有限公司 Prefabricated sandwich heat-insulation concrete external wall panel and manufacturing method thereof

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