FR2934032A1 - Wetwood i.e. green wood, combusting method for use in furnace, involves heating wetwood for disengaging water vapor and pyroligneous content, where content is subjected to cracking for complete combustion of combustible gas - Google Patents

Wetwood i.e. green wood, combusting method for use in furnace, involves heating wetwood for disengaging water vapor and pyroligneous content, where content is subjected to cracking for complete combustion of combustible gas Download PDF

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FR2934032A1
FR2934032A1 FR0804058A FR0804058A FR2934032A1 FR 2934032 A1 FR2934032 A1 FR 2934032A1 FR 0804058 A FR0804058 A FR 0804058A FR 0804058 A FR0804058 A FR 0804058A FR 2934032 A1 FR2934032 A1 FR 2934032A1
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content
wetwood
wood
combustion
pyroligneous
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French (fr)
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Clerc De Bussy Jacques Marie Yves Le
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/02Arrangements of regenerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using solid fuels; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23B2900/00004Means for generating pulsating combustion of solid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/50Blending
    • F23K2201/505Blending with additives
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The method involves establishing a combustion bed (4) constituted of embers that are highly incandescent due to their conjunction with combustive-fuel jets (7), where the jets are pre-heated at high temperature. The wetwood is heated in the bed for disengaging water vapor and pyroligneous content due to the depression (12) applied to an enclosure of a furnace. The pyroligneous content is subjected to cracking before penetration into a combustion chamber (9) for complete combustion of combustible gas.

Description

La présente invention constitue un complément se rattachant aux deux précédent:; Brevets 0402298 et 0508947 du même auteur. Des exposés et revendications contenues dans ces textes, il ressort qu'un certain nombre d'acquis concernant la technique de la conversion thermique de bois humide fragmenté en flux caloporteur ont été démontrés lors des nombreuses expérimentations qui se sont succédées. On entend par bois humide un bois imprégné d'eau tel le bois vert contenant le plus souvent entre 35et 45% de sève, ou encore le bois sec devant subir une fragmentation avant d'être immergé puis essoré afin de retenir plus de 35% d'eau. The present invention constitutes a complement related to the two preceding: Patents 0402298 and 0508947 by the same author. From the statements and claims contained in these texts, it appears that a certain number of achievements concerning the technique of the thermal conversion of wet wood fragmented into coolant flow have been demonstrated during the numerous experiments which have succeeded one another. Moist wood is defined as wood impregnated with water, such as green wood, most often containing between 35 and 45% sap, or dry wood that must be fragmented before being immersed and then wrung out in order to retain more than 35% of the wood. 'water.

Ces faits, pour l'essentiel, résultent de l'exploitation de l'échangeur de température réalisé en alumine conçu à cet effet, (planche unique Fig.1) échangeur intégré au brûleur et dont les caractéristiques ont été décrites et revendiquées dans les Brevets cités. Ce-t échangeur, qui prélève l'énergie nécessaire au foyer du brûleur en action lui- même, élève fortement la température du comburant qui le traverse avant qu'il ne soit pulsé dans sa chambre de combustion. Cette disposition efficace permet la combustion à température élevée du bois humide malgré sa forte teneur en eau (35 à 45 %). Le bois vert imprégné de sève est un combustible aussitôt disponible en quantités importantes. Il est principalement issu des exploitations forestières. Il peut aussi faire l'objet d'une production en taillis à courte rotation capable de fournir 40 tonnes à l'hectare de bois vert en moyenne rapportée à l'année. Il devra préalablement faire l'objet d'une fragmentation mais ne devra pas être soumis à séchage avant sa conversion thermique selon l'invention. Le bois sec hors d'usage constitue un potentiel énergétique important. En application de la présente invention il devra, au préalable, être soumis au déchiquetage. Les fragments seront ensuite flottés pour éliminer d'éventuels corps étrangers lourds. Cette immersion leur permettra en outre d'incorporer au moins 35 % d'eau. D'autre part dans ces deux documents furent aussi précisés : I Les capacités d'obtention d'une température de combustion supérieure à 1000°C dans la chambre de combustion du brûleur équipé du dit échangeur et d'y développer une puissance d'environ 10 Kw/h par dm2 de sa surface active. These facts, for the most part, result from the operation of the heat exchanger made of alumina designed for this purpose, (single plate Fig.1) heat exchanger integrated in the burner and whose characteristics have been described and claimed in the Patents cited. This exchanger, which takes the energy needed to focus the burner in action itself, greatly increases the temperature of the oxidant that passes through it before it is pulsed in its combustion chamber. This efficient arrangement allows the high temperature combustion of wet wood despite its high water content (35 to 45%). Green sap-impregnated wood is a readily available fuel in large quantities. It is mainly derived from forestry operations. It can also be the subject of short rotation coppice production capable of providing 40 tonnes per hectare of greenwood on average over the year. It must first be fragmented but must not be subjected to drying before its thermal conversion according to the invention. Dry wood out of use is an important energy potential. In application of the present invention it must first be subjected to shredding. The fragments will then be floated to remove any heavy foreign objects. This immersion will also allow them to incorporate at least 35% water. On the other hand in these two documents were also specified: I The ability to obtain a combustion temperature above 1000 ° C in the combustion chamber of the burner equipped with said exchanger and to develop a power of about 10 Kw / h per dm2 of its active surface.

II Les rôles bénéfiques dus aux interventions de l'eau dans le processus. Citons notamment : sa participation sous forme de vapeur à l'extraction et au transfert immédiat des cendres dès leur formation ; et sa dissociation proportionnée intervenant à partir de 1000°C. Celle-ci joue, par l'endothermie qui l'accompagne, le rôle de régulateur de la température qui s'établit dans le foyer du brûleur à un niveau qui permet d'éviter l'agglomération des cendres par vitrification. Cette dissociation produit en corollaire du gaz à l'eau qui augmente le potentiel thermique que transmet le flux caloporteur produit. Tous ces faits sont exposés et revendiqués dans les deux Brevets précédemment cités. Cependant si le processus aboutissant à la combustion du bois humide a été décrit, il n'en fut pas de même quant à l'exposé du principe lui-même qui aboutit à ce type de combustion à haute température capable de produire une combustion propre et sans fumée du bois humide avec émission d'un flux caloporteur dont le potentiel énergétique élevé est exploitable, avec comme seul contrainte, l'élimination des cendres qu'il transporte. Au préalable il est utile de rappeler les caractéristiques très particulières attachées la combustion du bois : De composition proche de la cellulose, il contient environ 40% d'oxygène. II Beneficial roles due to water interventions in the process. These include: its participation in the form of steam in the extraction and immediate transfer of ashes as soon as they are formed; and its proportionate dissociation occurring from 1000 ° C. This plays, through the endothermy that accompanies it, the role of regulator of the temperature which is established in the hearth of the burner to a level which makes it possible to avoid the agglomeration of ashes by vitrification. This dissociation produces corollary gas to water which increases the thermal potential that transmits the heat transfer fluid produced. All these facts are exposed and claimed in the two previously cited Patents. However, if the process leading to the combustion of wet wood was described, it was not the same as for the statement of the principle itself which leads to this type of combustion at high temperature capable of producing a clean combustion and Smoke-free wet wood with emission of a heat transfer whose high energy potential is exploitable, with the only constraint, the removal of ashes it carries. Beforehand it is useful to remember the very special characteristics attached to the combustion of wood: Of composition close to cellulose, it contains about 40% oxygen.

Des pyroligneux , s'échappent à l'occasion de la montée progressive de la température du bois, il s'agit d'un mélange de gaz et vapeurs à plus ou moins faibles potentiels énergétiques. - Après cette distillation demeure du charbon de bois. De pouvoir calorifique supérieur à 6000Kcal/Kg, il brûlera sous forme de braises (à température élevée si le comburant utilisé a été au préalable fortement préchauffé). La spécificité du brûleur compact adapté à ce type de combustion lui confère simplicité et efficacité. Il fonctionne sous légère dépression destinée à diriger le flux caloporteur produit. Selon le mode de réalisation préféré schématiquement représenté (planche unique Fig 2), la combustion ascendante dans le brûleur spécifique proposé selon l'invention se déroule selon un axe vertical. Le bois vert l'approvisionne en source (2) c'est-à-dire par le dessous, à vitesse réglée de telle sorte que lors du fonctionnement du Pyroligneux, escape on the occasion of the progressive increase of the temperature of the wood, it is about a mixture of gases and vapors with more or less low energetic potentials. - After this distillation remains charcoal. With a heating value greater than 6000Kcal / Kg, it will burn in the form of embers (at high temperature if the oxidizer used has been previously strongly preheated). The specificity of the compact burner adapted to this type of combustion gives it simplicity and efficiency. It operates under slight depression to direct the heat transfer fluid produced. According to the preferred embodiment shown diagrammatically (single plate FIG. 2), the upward combustion in the specific burner proposed according to the invention takes place along a vertical axis. The green wood supplies it source (2) that is to say from below, at set speed so that during the operation of the

brûleur le sommet (3) de l'approvisionnement se perpétue à hauteur fixe. Ce sommet qui constitue le lit de combustion (4) se présente sous forme d'une surface horizontale semblable, parallèle et à quelque distance de celle qui constitue la base active de l'échangeur (5), celle à partir de laquelle sont pulsés les jets de comburant préchauffés (6). Ce lit de braises repose donc sur le bois lui-même, tandis que les cendres qui s'y forment sont aussitôt enlevées par le flux caloporteur en formation ; Le volume de la chambre de combustion (9) du brûleur est matérialisé par la distance qui sépare ces deux surfaces, (4) et (5). Procédé, aboutissant à la combustion complète et rapide du bois humide dans le brûleur objet des Brevets 0402298 et 0508947, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les deux phases essentielles que sont : d'une part l'établissement d'un lit de combustion (4) constitué de braises fortement incandescentes résultant de leur conjonction avec les jets de comburant préchauffé (7) à température élevée ; et d'autre part, sous-jacent et à l'approche du dit lit, du bois humide s'échauffant (8) se dégagent vapeur d'eau et pyroligneux contenus, qui du fait de la dépression (12) appliquée à l'enceinte du brûleur devront nécessairement franchir le dit lit (4), ces derniers pour y subir le cracking avant de pénétrer dans la chambre de combustion (9) pour la complète mise en combustion des gaz combustibles qui en résultent. Procédé caractérisé en ce que les produits de traitements, souvent inclus dans les bois de récupérations devant constituer le combustible à convertir en énergie thermique par le dit brûleur, y subissent les effets du dit cracking en même temps que les pyroligneux qui les accompagnent. La vapeur d'eau, partiellement dissociée dans le foyer du brûleur intervient pour tempérer par son endothermie la montée en température et constituer, en corollaire du 25 gaz à l'eau en instance de reconstitution. Le flux caloporteur (10) ainsi constitué quittera la chambre de combustion (9) en traversant l'échangeur (11) en vue d'un premier prélèvement énergétique destiné à préchauffer le comburant avant que puisse être réalisée l'exploitation du potentiel énergétique qu'il contient. 30 Procédé, destiné à faciliter les manutentions du bois vert et à accroître son pouvoir calorifique, caractérisé en ce qu'un lubrifiant, de préférence d'origine végétale lui est ajouté, addition effectuée dans la limite de sa capacité d'absorption. burner the top (3) of the supply is perpetuated at fixed height. This vertex which constitutes the combustion bed (4) is in the form of a similar horizontal surface, parallel and at a distance from that which constitutes the active base of the exchanger (5), the one from which are pulsed the preheated oxidant jets (6). This bed of embers therefore rests on the wood itself, while the ashes that form there are immediately removed by the heat transfer in formation; The volume of the combustion chamber (9) of the burner is materialized by the distance separating these two surfaces, (4) and (5). Process, resulting in the complete and rapid combustion of moist wood in the burner object of Patents 0402298 and 0508947, characterized in that it comprises the two essential phases that are: firstly the establishment of a combustion bed ( 4) consisting of highly incandescent embers resulting from their conjunction with the jets of preheated oxidant (7) at high temperature; and on the other hand, underlying and at the approach of said bed, the moistening wood (8) emits water vapor and contained pyroligneous, which due to the depression (12) applied to the the burner chamber must necessarily cross the said bed (4), the latter to undergo cracking before entering the combustion chamber (9) for the complete combustion of the combustible gases that result. Process characterized in that the treatment products, often included in the recovery woods to be the fuel to be converted into thermal energy by the said burner, are subjected to the effects of said cracking at the same time as the pyroligneux that accompany them. The water vapor, partially dissociated in the hearth of the burner intervenes to temper by its endothermie the rise in temperature and constitute, corollary of the gas to the water in the process of reconstitution. The heat transfer stream (10) thus formed will leave the combustion chamber (9) through the exchanger (11) for a first energy sample for preheating the oxidant before the exploitation of the energy potential can be carried out. it contains. A method for facilitating the handling of green wood and increasing its calorific value, characterized in that a lubricant, preferably of plant origin is added thereto, added in the limit of its absorption capacity.

Ce lubrifiant, qui peut être de l'huile végétale, augmente le pouvoir calorifique du combustible ainsi préparé ce qui se traduit dans le brûleur par une augmentation de la teneur en gaz à l'eau du flux caloporteur produit. Le risque de la remontée en combustion en aval du brûleur reste inexistant du fait de la teneur élevée en eau du bois humide utilisé comme combustible.. L'approvisionnement des chaufferies en bois vert légèrement huilé pourra être réalisé en flux tendu en employant, pour le transport, des bennes mélangeuses assurant l'homogénéité de la préparation. This lubricant, which may be vegetable oil, increases the calorific value of the fuel thus prepared which is reflected in the burner by an increase in the gas content of the heat transfer fluid produced. The risk of combustion upstream downstream of the burner remains non-existent due to the high water content of the wet wood used as fuel. The supply of lightly oiled green wood boilers can be made in a just-in-time flow by using transport, mixing bins ensuring the homogeneity of the preparation.

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS1 - Procédé, aboutissant à la combustion complète et rapide du bois humide dans un brûleur caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les deux phases essentielles que sont : d'une part l'établissement d'un lit de combustion (4) constitué de braises fortement incandescentes résultant de leur conjonction avec les jets de comburant préchauffé (7) à température élevée ; et d'autre part, sous-jacent et à l'approche du dit lit, du bois humide s'échauffant (8) se dégagent vapeur d'eau et pyroligneux contenus, qui du fait de la dépression (12) appliquée à l'enceinte du brûleur devront nécessairement franchir le dit lit (4), ces derniers pour y subir le cracking avant de pénétrer dans la chambre de combustion (9) pour la complète mise en combustion des gaz combustibles qui en résultent. CLAIMS1 - Process, resulting in the complete and rapid combustion of wet wood in a burner characterized in that it comprises the two essential phases that are: firstly the establishment of a combustion bed (4) consisting of embers strongly incandescent resulting from their conjunction with the jets of preheated oxidant (7) at high temperature; and on the other hand, underlying and at the approach of said bed, the moistening wood (8) emits water vapor and contained pyroligneous, which due to the depression (12) applied to the the burner chamber must necessarily cross the said bed (4), the latter to undergo cracking before entering the combustion chamber (9) for the complete combustion of the combustible gases that result. 2 - Procédé selon la première revendication caractérisé en ce que les produits de traitements, souvent inclus dans les bois de récupérations devant constituer le combustible à convertir en énergie thermique par le dit brûleur, y subissent les effets du dit cracking en même temps que les pyroligneux qui les accompagnent. 2 - Process according to the first claim characterized in that the treatment products, often included in the recovery wood to be the fuel to be converted into thermal energy by the said burner, suffer the effects of said cracking at the same time as the pyroligneux who accompany them. 3 - Procédé, destiné à faciliter les manutentions du bois vert et à accroître son pouvoir calorifique, selon la première revendication, caractérisé en ce qu'un lubrifiant, de préférence d'origine végétale lui est ajouté, addition effectuée dans la limite de sa capacité d'absorption. 3 - A method for facilitating the handling of green wood and increase its calorific value, according to the first claim, characterized in that a lubricant, preferably of plant origin is added thereto, addition carried out within the limits of its capacity absorption.
FR0804058A 2008-07-15 2008-07-15 Wetwood i.e. green wood, combusting method for use in furnace, involves heating wetwood for disengaging water vapor and pyroligneous content, where content is subjected to cracking for complete combustion of combustible gas Withdrawn FR2934032A1 (en)

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FR0804058A FR2934032A1 (en) 2008-07-15 2008-07-15 Wetwood i.e. green wood, combusting method for use in furnace, involves heating wetwood for disengaging water vapor and pyroligneous content, where content is subjected to cracking for complete combustion of combustible gas

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1571393A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-07 de Bussy, Jacques Method and device for combustion of biomass with high water content
EP1760399A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-07 de Bussy, Jacques Method and burner for the conversion of biomass into a hot gas stream
WO2007066191A2 (en) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-14 Dariusz Budzinski The methods of improving physical properties of solid fuels and products obtained in that process
US20080115409A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Tran Bo L Alternative fuel comprising combustible solids and by-products or waste material from industrial processes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1571393A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-07 de Bussy, Jacques Method and device for combustion of biomass with high water content
EP1760399A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-07 de Bussy, Jacques Method and burner for the conversion of biomass into a hot gas stream
WO2007066191A2 (en) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-14 Dariusz Budzinski The methods of improving physical properties of solid fuels and products obtained in that process
US20080115409A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Tran Bo L Alternative fuel comprising combustible solids and by-products or waste material from industrial processes

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