FR2910563A1 - Internal combustion engine e.g. direct injection oil engine, for motor vehicle, has intake and exhaust valves selectively closing combustion chamber, and rotating unit for modifying position of jets with respect to heating unit - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine e.g. direct injection oil engine, for motor vehicle, has intake and exhaust valves selectively closing combustion chamber, and rotating unit for modifying position of jets with respect to heating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2910563A1
FR2910563A1 FR0655917A FR0655917A FR2910563A1 FR 2910563 A1 FR2910563 A1 FR 2910563A1 FR 0655917 A FR0655917 A FR 0655917A FR 0655917 A FR0655917 A FR 0655917A FR 2910563 A1 FR2910563 A1 FR 2910563A1
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France
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
injection
cylinder
jets
engine
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Pending
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FR0655917A
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French (fr)
Inventor
David Valette
Pascal Sulkowski
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Priority to FR0655917A priority Critical patent/FR2910563A1/en
Publication of FR2910563A1 publication Critical patent/FR2910563A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0624Swirl flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0654Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling
    • F02B23/0657Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling the spray interacting with one or more glow plugs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F02B23/101Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector being placed on or close to the cylinder centre axis, e.g. with mixture formation using spray guided concepts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F02B2023/103Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector having a multi-hole nozzle for generating multiple sprays
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F02B2023/108Swirl flow, i.e. the axis of rotation of the main charge flow motion is vertical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/12Other methods of operation
    • F02B2075/125Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/29Fuel-injection apparatus having rotating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/85Mounting of fuel injection apparatus
    • F02M2200/851Mounting of fuel injection apparatus provisions for adjusting the angular, rotational or axial position of injectors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The engine has a cylinder head (2) closing a cylinder (1), and a piston (3) slidably mounted in the cylinder. A combustion chamber is defined in the cylinder between an upper surface (30) of the piston and a lower surface of the head. An injecting unit (5) e.g. nozzle, injects fuel jets into the chamber. A heating unit (6) e.g. spark plug, is placed in the chamber. An intake valve (7) and an exhaust valve (8) selectively close the chamber. A rotating unit (51) modifies the position of the jets with respect to the heating unit.

Description

1 Moteur à combustion interne avec injecteur rotatif L'invention se1 Internal combustion engine with rotary injector The invention is

rapporte à un moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un moteur à combustion interne pouvant être de type moteur diesel à injection directe et comprenant au moins un cylindre, une culasse obturant le cylindre, un piston monté coulissant dans le cylindre, une chambre de combustion définie dans le cylindre entre une face supérieure du piston et une face inférieure de la culasse, un moyen d'injection de carburant se traduisant par des jets d'injection dans la chambre de combustion, un moyen de chauffage destiné à assurer les premières combustions en phase de démarrage, des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement, obturant sélectivement la chambre de combustion, une pompe d'injection destinée à fournir au moyen d'injection du combustible sous pression. Dans le cadre de moteur diesel, le moyen d'allumage est classiquement une bougie de préchauffage, présentant une pointe suffisamment chaude pour assurer la combustion du combustible. Avantageusement, la combustion dans les moteurs diesel peut être assurée par une injection directe et par mouvement tourbillonnant de l'air (encore appelé en terme anglo-saxon : swirl ) : c'est le procédé le plus utilisé sur tous les moteurs modernes, le mouvement tourbillonnant de l'air est amorcé par la forme du conduit d'admission, la chambre de combustion est plus réduite, et comporte une forme variable selon le constructeur en constante évolution en fonction de la normalisation antipollution, afin d'améliorer sans cesse l'homogénéité du mélange air-combustible. L'injecteur utilisé est du type à trous multiple. Le principe de fonctionnement est le suivant : Pendant l'admission, l'air pénètre dans le cylindre par la volute d'admission. Elle lui imprime un mouvement tourbillonnant très intense, créant un cyclone qui se poursuit pendant la compression. En fin de compression, l'injecteur introduit le combustible dans la chambre sphérique du piston. De manière générale, les contraintes de norme de dépollution sont de plus en plus sévères rendant le compromis : consommation û 2910563 2 performances û bruit de combustion û démarrage à froid - ..., de plus en plus difficile à réaliser sur moteur diesel. La prestation démarrage à froid se caractérise principalement par deux composantes : le temps de démarrage et la stabilité post démarrage.  relates to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The invention relates more particularly to an internal combustion engine which can be of direct injection diesel engine type and comprising at least one cylinder, a cylinder head closing, a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder, a combustion chamber defined in the cylinder between an upper face of the piston and a lower face of the cylinder head, a fuel injection means resulting in injection jets in the combustion chamber, a heating means for ensuring the first combustions in the start-up phase, intake and exhaust valves, selectively closing the combustion chamber, an injection pump for supplying the fuel injection means under pressure. In the context of diesel engine, the ignition means is conventionally a glow plug, having a sufficiently hot tip to ensure combustion of the fuel. Advantageously, the combustion in the diesel engines can be ensured by a direct injection and by swirling movement of the air (also called in English term: swirl): it is the most used process on all the modern engines, the Whirling air movement is initiated by the shape of the intake duct, the combustion chamber is more reduced, and has a variable shape according to the builder constantly evolving according to the anti-pollution standardization, to continually improve the homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture. The injector used is of the multi-hole type. The principle of operation is as follows: During admission, the air enters the cylinder through the intake volute. It gives him a very intense swirling motion, creating a cyclone that continues during compression. At the end of compression, the injector introduces the fuel into the spherical chamber of the piston. In general, the constraints of pollution control standard are becoming more severe making the compromise: consumption - 2910563 2 performance - combustion noise - cold start - ..., more and more difficult to achieve on diesel engine. The cold start service is mainly characterized by two components: start-up time and post-start stability.

5 Pour assurer au mieux cette prestation, plusieurs leviers sont disponibles : la calibration, la position angulaire du jet d'injection par rapport à la bougie de préchauffage, la longueur de pénétration de la bougie de préchauffage dans la chambre de combustion, la température maximum atteignable par la bougie de préchauffage, ...5 To best ensure this service, several levers are available: the calibration, the angular position of the injection jet with respect to the glow plug, the penetration length of the glow plug in the combustion chamber, the maximum temperature attainable by the glow plug, ...

10 L'optimum de la position angulaire du jet d'injection par rapport à la bougie de préchauffage au regard de la prestation démarrage à froid est d'appliquer le jet sur la bougie. En effet, elle permet d'assurer la première combustion le plus rapidement possible et surtout d'éviter au maximum les défauts de combustion et donc d'assurer une certaine stabilité. Néanmoins 15 cette configuration dépendante de la longueur de pénétration de la bougie de préchauffage, peut être préjudiciable pour les prestations émissions û consommation et performances : l'impact du jet d'injection sur la bougie générant des imbrûlés et des particules. De plus, la position angulaire du jet d'injection par rapport à la 20 bougie de préchauffage générant le minimum de suies et d'imbrûlés peut être variable en fonction indirecte du régime et de la charge ; la fonction directe étant le niveau de mouvement de tourbillonnant et le temps d'injection.The optimum angular position of the injection jet with respect to the glow plug with regard to the cold start performance is to apply the jet to the spark plug. Indeed, it makes it possible to ensure the first combustion as quickly as possible and especially to avoid as much as possible the combustion defects and thus to ensure a certain stability. However, this configuration, which is dependent on the length of penetration of the glow plug, can be detrimental for the performance and consumption / performance characteristics: the impact of the injection jet on the candle generating unburnt and particles. In addition, the angular position of the injection jet with respect to the glow plug generating the minimum of soot and unburnt may be variable as a function of the speed and the load; the direct function being the swirling motion level and the injection time.

25 Pour atteindre les optimisations précitées, il est proposé dans la présente invention, un moteur dans lequel, le mélange air û carburant est optimisé grâce au swirl et pour lesquels des moyens sont prévus pour régler de manière optimale la position des jets d'injection par rapport au moyen d'allumage de type bougie de préchauffage. Au cours du cycle de 30 fonctionnement du moteur, il devient possible de régler la position des jets d'injection par rapport à la bougie de préchauffage. Plus précisément l'invention a pour objet un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un cylindre, une culasse obturant le cylindre, un piston monté coulissant dans le cylindre, une chambre de combustion définie dans le cylindre entre une face supérieure du piston et une face 2910563 inférieure de la culasse, un moyen d'injection de jets de carburant dans la chambre de combustion, un moyen de chauffage ou d'allumage dans la chambre de combustion, des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement obturant sélectivement la chambre de combustion, caractérisé en ce qu'il 5 comprend en outre des moyens pour modifier la position des jets d'injection par rapport au moyen de chauffage ou d'allumage. Selon une variante de l'invention, les moyens pour modifier la position des jets d'injection comprennent des moyens de mise en rotation du moyen d'injection. ~o Selon une variante de l'invention, les moyens de mise en rotation du moyen d'injection comprennent en outre des moyens pour assurer un mouvement continu de rotation. Avantageusement, le moteur comporte en outre des moyens pour entraîner l'air admis dans le cylindre selon un mouvement de 15 tourbillonnement. Selon une variante de l'invention, le moyen d'injection comporte une série d'orifices positionnés latéralement par rapport à l'axe principal de la chambre. Selon une variante de l'invention, le moyen d'allumage est une 20 bougie de préchauffage. Selon une variante de l'invention, le moyen d'injection et le moyen d'allumage forme un angle compris entre 30 et 60 degrés. Selon une variante de l'invention, les moyens de mise en rotation des moyens d'injection sont externes à la chambre de combustion.To achieve the above-mentioned optimizations, it is proposed in the present invention, an engine in which the fuel-air mixture is optimized by the swirl and for which means are provided to optimally adjust the position of the injection jets by report by means of ignition type glow plug. During the engine operating cycle, it becomes possible to adjust the position of the injection jets with respect to the glow plug. More specifically, the subject of the invention is an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder, a cylinder head closing, a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder, a combustion chamber defined in the cylinder between an upper face of the piston and a cylinder. lower side of the cylinder head, means for injecting fuel jets into the combustion chamber, means for heating or igniting in the combustion chamber, intake and exhaust valves selectively closing the combustion chamber. characterized in that it further comprises means for changing the position of the injection jets with respect to the heating or ignition means. According to a variant of the invention, the means for modifying the position of the injection jets comprise means for rotating the injection means. ~ o According to a variant of the invention, the means for rotating the injection means further comprises means for ensuring a continuous rotational movement. Advantageously, the engine further comprises means for driving the air admitted into the cylinder in a swirling motion. According to a variant of the invention, the injection means comprises a series of orifices positioned laterally with respect to the main axis of the chamber. According to a variant of the invention, the ignition means is a glow plug. According to a variant of the invention, the injection means and the ignition means form an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees. According to a variant of the invention, the means for rotating the injection means are external to the combustion chamber.

25 L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée à titre non limitatif et grâce aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles : la figure 1 illustre une vue en coupe schématique et partielle d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'invention ; 30 la figure 2 illustre une vue en coupe du moyen d'injection générant des jets d'injection, couplé au moyen de chauffage du moteur à combustion illustré en figure 1 ; - la figure 3 illustre une vue de dessus de la chambre de combustion en position de démarrage pour le moteur de la 35 figure 1 ; 2910563 4 la figure 4 illustre une vue de dessus de la chambre à combustion dans laquelle les jets d'injection sont déformés sous l'effet du swirl et comportant des moyens permettant d'éviter le contact des jets d'injection avec le moyen de 5 chauffage, dans le moteur de la figure 1 ; la figure 5 illustre une vue de dessus de la chambre à combustion dans laquelle les jets d'injection sont déformés dans une position intermédiaire correspondant à une situation dite de swirl intermédiaire, dans le moteur de la figure 1 ; 10 Le moteur selon l'invention représenté en figure 1 comprend au moins un cylindre 1, une culasse 2 obturant le cylindre et un piston 3 monté coulissant dans le cylindre 1 ; une chambre de combustion 4 est définie dans le cylindre 1 entre une face supérieure 30 du piston 3 et une face inférieure 15 20 de la culasse 2. Le moteur comprend également un moyen d'injection 5 de carburant, tel qu'une buse ou un injecteur qui débouche dans la chambre de combustion. Le moyen d'injection comprend des orifices (non représentés) , distribués latéralement par rapport à la direction X principale de la chambre 20 de combustion. Le moyen d'injection est alimenté par une pompe 18 d'injection destinée à fournir à l'injecteur 5 du carburant sous pression. Selon l'invention, le moyen d'injection est mis en rotation par des moyens 51 permettant de modifier la position des jets d'injection par rapport à un moyen de chauffage de type bougie de préchauffage, comme il sera explicité plus 25 en détails dans la suite de la description. Un moyen de chauffage 6, tel qu'une bougie plonge également dans la chambre de combustion 4 pour produire une inflammation de mélange air-carburant dans la chambre de combustion 4 à un instant déterminé.The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic and partial sectional view of an engine internal combustion device according to the invention; Figure 2 illustrates a sectional view of the injection jet generating means coupled to the heating means of the combustion engine illustrated in Figure 1; FIG. 3 illustrates a view from above of the combustion chamber in the starting position for the engine of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 illustrates a view from above of the combustion chamber in which the injection jets are deformed under the effect of the swirl and comprising means making it possible to avoid contact of the injection jets with the means of injection. heating, in the motor of Figure 1; FIG. 5 illustrates a view from above of the combustion chamber in which the injection jets are deformed in an intermediate position corresponding to a so-called intermediate swirl situation, in the engine of FIG. 1; The engine according to the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises at least one cylinder 1, a cylinder head 2 closing the cylinder and a piston 3 slidably mounted in the cylinder 1; a combustion chamber 4 is defined in the cylinder 1 between an upper face 30 of the piston 3 and a lower face 15 of the cylinder head 2. The engine also comprises a fuel injection means 5, such as a nozzle or a nozzle. injector that opens into the combustion chamber. The injection means comprises orifices (not shown) distributed laterally with respect to the main direction X of the combustion chamber. The injection means is fed by an injection pump 18 intended to supply the injector 5 with pressurized fuel. According to the invention, the injection means is rotated by means 51 making it possible to modify the position of the injection jets with respect to a glow plug type heating means, as will be explained in more detail in FIG. following the description. Heating means 6, such as a candle also plunges into the combustion chamber 4 to produce an air-fuel mixture ignition in the combustion chamber 4 at a predetermined time.

30 La bougie dans le cas des moteurs diesel est une bougie de préchauffage présentant une pointe pouvant être portée à une température suffisante pour générer l'effet recherché. Typiquement l'axe de la bougie peut faire un angle avec le moyen d'injection voisin de 45 degrés. Le moteur comporte également une ou plusieurs soupapes 35 d'admission 7 et une ou plusieurs soupapes d'échappement 8 obturant 2910563 5 sélectivement des passages entre la chambre de combustion 4 et respectivement, un conduit d'admission 9 et un conduit d `échappement 10. La figure 2 illustre plus en détails, le moyen d'injection 5, les orifices 50, les moyens de mise en rotation 51 ainsi que le moyen d'allumage 5 6. Sont également représentés deux jets d'injection de carburant 521 et 522. La figure 3 illustre une vue partielle de dessus de la chambre de combustion permettant de mettre en évidence la position des jets d'injection 521 , 522 , 523 , 524 , 525 , 526, 527, 528, de carburant issus de 8 orifices 501 , 503 , 504 , 505 , 506, 507, 508 et le moyen d'allumage 6 en l'occurrence la 10 bougie de préchauffage. La figure 4 illustre l'évolution de la forme des jets d'injection sous l'effet du swirl. Selon l'invention, il est prévu des moyens permettant dans ce cas de positionner différemment les jets d'injection par rapport à la bougie. Dans le cas où le niveau de swirl est important (fonction du régime 15 moteur et de la charge), afin de minimiser l'impact du jet d'injection sur la bougie, l'injecteur est avantageusement placé de telle sorte que la bougie soit au plus proche du jet qui s'éloigne avec le mouvement tourbillonnant de l'air appelé swirl ; ceci afin de garantir que le jet référencé sur la figure 523sf pour un mouvement de swirl fort, en amont de la bougie dans le 20 sens du swirl Ss, ne vienne impacter cette dernière ou au moins que l'impact soit minimisé. La figure 5 illustre une configuration intermédiaire, dans le cas d'un mouvement tourbillonnant de l'air dit moyen. En effet il est possible en première approche d'adopter la position injecteur explicitée dans le cas d'un 25 niveau de swirl important tel qu'illustré en figure 4, mais la représentation schématique des jets par un cône parfait n'est pas exacte ; en réalité le carburant est injecté sous forme de gouttelettes qui peuvent parfois être très dispersées ; en d'autres termes si le swirl n'est pas assez important il se peut que des gouttelettes de carburant provenant du jet aval bougie 524sm 30 dans le sens du swirl viennent impacter cette dernière. Par conséquent, pour ces cas de fonctionnement, une position intermédiaire (correspondant à un jet référencé 523sm et relatif à un swirl moyen) à la position démarrage à froid (correspondant à une position de jet d'injection sur la bougie) et une position swirl important pourrait être optimale d'un point de vue 35 émissions de suies et d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés.The spark plug for diesel engines is a glow plug with a tip that can be heated to a temperature sufficient to produce the desired effect. Typically the axis of the candle can make an angle with the injection means close to 45 degrees. The engine also includes one or more intake valves 7 and one or more exhaust valves 8 selectively closing passages between the combustion chamber 4 and an intake duct 9 and an exhaust duct 10 respectively. FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail the injection means 5, the orifices 50, the rotation means 51 and the ignition means 5. Two fuel injection jets 521 and 522 are also shown. FIG. 3 illustrates a partial view from above of the combustion chamber making it possible to highlight the position of the injection jets 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, of fuel coming from 8 orifices 501. , 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508 and the ignition means 6, in this case the glow plug. Figure 4 illustrates the evolution of the shape of the injection jets under the effect of the swirl. According to the invention, means are provided in this case to position the injection jets differently with respect to the candle. In the case where the level of swirl is important (function of the engine speed and the load), in order to minimize the impact of the injection jet on the spark plug, the injector is advantageously placed so that the spark plug is as close as possible to the jet that moves away with the swirling movement of the air called swirl; this is to ensure that the jet referenced in FIG. 523ff for strong swirl movement upstream of the spark plug in the direction of the swirl Ss does not impact the latter or at least the impact is minimized. FIG. 5 illustrates an intermediate configuration, in the case of a swirling movement of the so-called medium air. Indeed it is possible in first approach to adopt the injector position explained in the case of a large swirl level as shown in Figure 4, but the schematic representation of the jets by a perfect cone is not accurate; in reality the fuel is injected in the form of droplets which can sometimes be very dispersed; in other words if the swirl is not large enough it may be that fuel droplets from the downstream jet candle 524sm 30 in the direction of the swirl impact the latter. Therefore, for these cases of operation, an intermediate position (corresponding to a jet referenced 523sm and relative to an average swirl) to the cold start position (corresponding to an injection jet position on the candle) and a swirl position important could be optimal from a point of view of soot and unburned hydrocarbon emissions.

Claims (8)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Moteur à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un cylindre (1), une culasse (2) obturant le cylindre, un piston (3) monté coulissant dans le cylindre, une chambre de combustion définie dans le cylindre entre une face supérieure (30) du piston et une face inférieure de la culasse, un moyen d'injection de jets de carburant (5) dans la chambre de combustion, un moyen de chauffage ou d'allumage (6) dans la chambre de combustion, des soupapes d'admission (7) et d'échappement (8) obturant sélectivement la chambre de combustion, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens (51) pour modifier la position des jets d'injection par rapport au moyen de chauffage ou d'allumage.  1. Internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder (1), a cylinder head (2) closing the cylinder, a piston (3) slidably mounted in the cylinder, a combustion chamber defined in the cylinder between an upper face (30) ) of the piston and a lower face of the cylinder head, a fuel jet injection means (5) in the combustion chamber, a heating or ignition means (6) in the combustion chamber, intake (7) and exhaust (8) selectively closing the combustion chamber, characterized in that it further comprises means (51) for changing the position of the injection jets with respect to the heating means or ignition. 2. Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour modifier la position des jets d'injection comprennent des moyens de mise en rotation du moyen d'injection .  2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for changing the position of the injection jets comprise means for rotating the injection means. 3. Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mise en rotation du moyen d'injection comprennent en outre des moyens pour assurer un mouvement continu de rotation.  3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for rotating the injection means further comprises means for ensuring a continuous rotational movement. 4. Moteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'injection comporte une série d'orifices (50) positionnés 20 latéralement par rapport à l'axe principal de la chambre.  4. Motor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the injection means comprises a series of orifices (50) positioned laterally with respect to the main axis of the chamber. 5. Moteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des moyens pour entraîner l'air admis dans le cylindre selon un mouvement de tourbillonnement.  5. Motor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises means for driving the air admitted into the cylinder in a swirling motion. 6. Moteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce 25 que le moyen d'allumage est une bougie de préchauffage.  6. Engine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ignition means is a glow plug. 7. Moteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'injection et le moyen d'allumage forme un angle compris entre 30 et 60 degrés.  7. Motor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the injection means and the ignition means form an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees. 8. Moteur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce 30 que les moyens de mise en rotation des moyens d'injection sont externes à la chambre de combustion.  8. Motor according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the means for rotating the injection means are external to the combustion chamber.
FR0655917A 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Internal combustion engine e.g. direct injection oil engine, for motor vehicle, has intake and exhaust valves selectively closing combustion chamber, and rotating unit for modifying position of jets with respect to heating unit Pending FR2910563A1 (en)

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FR0655917A FR2910563A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Internal combustion engine e.g. direct injection oil engine, for motor vehicle, has intake and exhaust valves selectively closing combustion chamber, and rotating unit for modifying position of jets with respect to heating unit

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102094734A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-15 上海交通大学 Cold starting system of fuel direct injection engine and starting method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2096702A (en) * 1981-04-15 1982-10-20 Audi Ag Fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines
DE4407360A1 (en) * 1994-03-05 1995-09-07 Otto C Pulch Fuel injection system for cylinders of IC engine
DE19645201A1 (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-19 Volkswagen Ag Fuel-injected IC engine arrangement
WO1998036170A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-20 Sigmec Ab Method and device for fuel injection in a combustion engine
DE10007659A1 (en) * 2000-02-19 2001-09-06 Daimler Chrysler Ag Direct injection internal combustion engine has control unit that adjusts relative position of ignition plug electrodes and fuel jet depending on operating point of engine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2096702A (en) * 1981-04-15 1982-10-20 Audi Ag Fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines
DE4407360A1 (en) * 1994-03-05 1995-09-07 Otto C Pulch Fuel injection system for cylinders of IC engine
DE19645201A1 (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-19 Volkswagen Ag Fuel-injected IC engine arrangement
WO1998036170A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-20 Sigmec Ab Method and device for fuel injection in a combustion engine
DE10007659A1 (en) * 2000-02-19 2001-09-06 Daimler Chrysler Ag Direct injection internal combustion engine has control unit that adjusts relative position of ignition plug electrodes and fuel jet depending on operating point of engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102094734A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-15 上海交通大学 Cold starting system of fuel direct injection engine and starting method thereof
CN102094734B (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-11-28 上海交通大学 Cold starting system of fuel direct injection engine and starting method thereof

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