FR2901916A1 - Hot junction and cold junction thermocouples e.g. iron-constantan thermocouple, connecting device for producing continuous electric current, has thermocouples arranged in series by capacitors, and constituted of plates and conductors - Google Patents
Hot junction and cold junction thermocouples e.g. iron-constantan thermocouple, connecting device for producing continuous electric current, has thermocouples arranged in series by capacitors, and constituted of plates and conductors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2901916A1 FR2901916A1 FR0701890A FR0701890A FR2901916A1 FR 2901916 A1 FR2901916 A1 FR 2901916A1 FR 0701890 A FR0701890 A FR 0701890A FR 0701890 A FR0701890 A FR 0701890A FR 2901916 A1 FR2901916 A1 FR 2901916A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouples
- capacitors
- series
- conductors
- iron
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/854—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising only metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour associer en série desThe present invention relates to a device for serially associating
éléments de thermocouples, soudures chaudes, et soudures froides, pour que les forces électromotrices de chacun de ces thermocouples s'ajoutent, en vu d'obtenir une force électromotrice finale qui soit de valeur industrielle. thermocouple elements, hot welds, and cold welds, so that the electromotive forces of each of these thermocouples are added, in view of obtaining a final electromotive force which is of industrial value.
La grande application des thermocouples est la mesure des températures de toutes valeurs mais l'obtention de courant industriel par les thermocouples n'a jamais été concrétisée à ce jour et c'est l'objet de la présente invention. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'obtenir ce résultat. Il comporte à cet effet selon une première caractéristique, un élément de thermocouple qui peut prendre plusieurs formes suivant le courant recherché, constitué par une soudure chaude et une jonction froide entre les deux constituants du thermocouple, effectuée par un condensateur. Ce montage est utilisé pour de faibles intensités. En parallèle avec les métaux constituant le thermocouple et pour éviter leur trop grande résistance, une dérivation constituée par un métal neutre au point de vu thermocouple, aluminium par exemple, est installée entre la soudure chaude et la jonction froide du condensateur. Ce dernier circuit n'est toutefois pas indispensable et convient pour des applications plus importantes, énergie solaire par exemple. The great application of thermocouples is the measurement of the temperatures of all values but the obtaining of industrial current by the thermocouples has never been realized to date and it is the object of the present invention. The device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain this result. It comprises for this purpose according to a first characteristic, a thermocouple element which can take several forms according to the desired current, consisting of a hot weld and a cold junction between the two constituents of the thermocouple, performed by a capacitor. This assembly is used for low intensities. In parallel with the metals constituting the thermocouple and to avoid their excessive resistance, a bypass consisting of a neutral metal from the point of view thermocouple, aluminum for example, is installed between the hot solder and the cold junction of the capacitor. This last circuit is however not essential and is suitable for larger applications, solar energy for example.
Si, par contre, on doit économiser la chaleur à la source chaude, on place dans les circuits de dérivation un ou deux condensateurs pour couper la circulation des calories entre le chaud et le froid. Mais alors, il faut agir en alternatif. Cet ensemble métaux, soudures chaude et froide et condensateur, constitue ce que nous appellerons : un élément. If, on the other hand, we must save heat at the hot spring, we place in the branch circuits one or two capacitors to cut the circulation of calories between hot and cold. But then, we must act in alternative. This set of metals, hot and cold welds and condenser, constitutes what we will call: an element.
SI cet élément est en fonctionnement; ù différence de température entre les soudures froide et chaude ù le condensateur sera chargé. En prenant plusieurs éléments séparés, dont les soudures chaudes sont placées dans une chambre de chauffe isolée avec une paroi transparente dans le cas d'un chauffage solaire et radial, chaque condensateur se chargera séparément, et comme ces condensateurs sont couplés en série, leurs forces électromotrices s'ajouteront. Les plaques en fer, constantan et métal neutre qui constituent la soudure chaude sont représentées légèrement séparées les unes des autres pour clarté des dessins, en séparant les différents éléments, mais en réalité, elles sont de surface importante et soudées ou très serrées les unes avec les autres pour diminuer au maximum les résistances de contact. IF this element is in operation; ù temperature difference between the cold and hot welds - the capacitor will be charged. By taking several separate elements, whose hot welds are placed in an insulated heating chamber with a transparent wall in the case of solar and radial heating, each capacitor will charge separately, and as these capacitors are coupled in series, their forces electromotive devices will be added. The plates of iron, constantan and neutral metal which constitute the hot solder are represented slightly separated from each other for the clarity of the drawings, by separating the different elements, but in reality, they are of important surface and welded or very tight together the others to minimize the contact resistance.
En reliant alors tous les condensateurs en série, le pôle positif de l'un avec le pôle négatif du suivant, les soudures chaudes restant indépendantes les unes des autres, bien qu'étant ou non placées dans des ambiances différentes, les condensateurs seront chargés séparément, mais leurs forces électromotrices de charge s'ajouteront, puisqu'ils sont en série. Le nombre d'éléments n'est pas limité_ Les sections de chacun de ces circuits et des plaques doivent être évaluées en fonction de l'intensité du courant que l'on souhaite obtenir et du potentiel produit. By then connecting all the capacitors in series, the positive pole of one with the negative pole of the next one, the hot welds remaining independent of each other, although or not placed in different atmospheres, the capacitors will be charged separately , but their load electromotive forces will be added, since they are in series. The number of elements is not limited. The sections of each of these circuits and the plates must be evaluated according to the intensity of the current that one wishes to obtain and the potential produced.
Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention : La Figure 1 représente le dispositif de l'invention en ce qui concerne l'élément constitutif le plus simple, La figure 2 représente le même élément que la figure 1 auquel on a ajouté les deux dérivations, La figure 3 représente la figure 2 à laquelle on a ajouté deux condensateurs, un dans chaque dérivation, La figure 4 représente différents éléments de la figure 3, assemblés en série. Ce que nous allons décrire est relatif à un couple fer-constantan mais est applicable à tous les couples de thermocouples quelle que soit la nature des constituants. Dans l'un et l'autre cas, un condensateur est branché entre les deux constituants dans la partie froide du circuit thermocouple. En référence à ces dessins, le dispositif comporte un élément figure 1, constitutif du système, composé de : une plaque fer (1) prolongée par un conducteur en fer (5) et d'une plaque (2) en constantan prolongée par un conducteur (6) en constantan. En parallèle avec chacun de ces conducteurs (1) plus (5) d'une part, et (2) plus (6) d'autre part, on place respectivement deux circuits , plaque (3) et conducteur (7) d'une part et plaque (4) et conducteur (8) d'autre part, en métal neutre au point de vu thermocouple, aluminium par exemple. Les conducteurs (5) et (7) se rejoignent en un point de jonction (9), et les conducteurs (6) et (8) en (10). Ces deux points de jonction sont eux-mêmes reliés à un condensateur (12) par des conducteurs (13) et (26). Les plaques (1), (2), (3) et (4) qui constituent la soudure chaude sont placées à l'intérieur d'une chambre de chauffe (14) fermée et isolée par une cloison (15) comportant une face transparente dans le cas d'un chauffage solaire ou radiations quelconques. The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: FIG. 1 represents the device of the invention with regard to the simplest constituent element; FIG. 2 represents the same element as FIG. 1 to which the two branches have been added; Figure 3 shows Figure 2 to which two capacitors, one in each branch, have been added. Figure 4 shows various elements of Figure 3 assembled in series. What we will describe is relative to an iron-constantan pair but is applicable to all thermocouple pairs whatever the nature of the constituents. In either case, a capacitor is connected between the two components in the cold part of the thermocouple circuit. With reference to these drawings, the device comprises a figure 1 element, constituting the system, composed of: an iron plate (1) extended by an iron conductor (5) and a plate (2) constantan extended by a driver (6) in constantan. In parallel with each of these conductors (1) plus (5) on the one hand, and (2) plus (6) on the other hand, respectively two circuits, plate (3) and conductor (7) of a part and plate (4) and conductor (8) on the other hand, neutral metal from the point of view thermocouple, aluminum for example. The conductors (5) and (7) meet at a junction point (9), and the conductors (6) and (8) at (10). These two junction points are themselves connected to a capacitor (12) by conductors (13) and (26). The plates (1), (2), (3) and (4) which constitute the hot weld are placed inside a heating chamber (14) closed and isolated by a partition (15) having a transparent face in the case of solar heating or any radiation.
La figure 4 représente plusieurs de ces éléments placés en série soit par un point commun (22), soit par un conducteur (11), de telle sorte que chaque pôle positif de ces condensateurs soit relié au pôle négatif du condensateur suivant, ou vice-versa. FIG. 4 represents several of these elements placed in series either by a common point (22) or by a conductor (11), such that each positive pole of these capacitors is connected to the negative pole of the following capacitor, or vice versa. versa.
Le nombre d'éléments mis en série, ainsi que le nombre de séries mises en parallèle ne sont pas limitatifs. Si l'on élève la température dans la chambre de chauffe (14) tout en aérant ou même en ventilant les espaces (25) entre les éléments, une force électromotrice prendra naissance dans chaque élément qui chargera son condensateur, et comme les condensateurs sont tous en série, entre (16) et (17) on récoltera la somme des forces électromotrices de chaque élément en courant continu. Pour obtenir un courant alternatif, on branche aux bornes (16) et (17) un ensemble connu : rupteur, self , condensateur. The number of elements put in series, as well as the number of series put in parallel are not limiting. If the temperature in the heating chamber (14) is raised while ventilating or even ventilating the spaces (25) between the elements, an electromotive force will originate in each element which will charge its capacitor, and as the capacitors are all in series, between (16) and (17) the sum of the electromotive forces of each DC element will be collected. To obtain an alternating current, one connects to the terminals (16) and (17) a known set: breaker, inductor, capacitor.
Selon une variante non illustrée le même montage peut s'effectuer avec des thermocouples fer-constantan et cuivre-constantan montés en opposition. La force électromotrice est alors sensiblement multipliée par deux. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, un générateur de 8 KW ne dépassera pas 10 Kilogrammes et survivra à 30 années de service. According to a variant not illustrated, the same assembly can be carried out with thermocouples iron-constantan and copper-constantan mounted in opposition. The electromotive force is then substantially multiplied by two. By way of non-limiting example, an 8 KW generator will not exceed 10 kilograms and will survive 30 years of service.
Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné au chauffage, à l'éclairage, à la traction ù du cyclomoteur au camion-, et à la transformation des énergies calorifiques, surtout solaires, en énergies électriques.25 The device according to the invention is particularly intended for heating, lighting, traction or moped truck, and the transformation of heat energy, especially solar, into electrical energy.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0701890A FR2901916A1 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2007-03-14 | Hot junction and cold junction thermocouples e.g. iron-constantan thermocouple, connecting device for producing continuous electric current, has thermocouples arranged in series by capacitors, and constituted of plates and conductors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0604780A FR2901915B3 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2006-05-30 | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICITY FROM THERMOCOUPLES. |
FR0701890A FR2901916A1 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2007-03-14 | Hot junction and cold junction thermocouples e.g. iron-constantan thermocouple, connecting device for producing continuous electric current, has thermocouples arranged in series by capacitors, and constituted of plates and conductors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2901916A1 true FR2901916A1 (en) | 2007-12-07 |
Family
ID=38727438
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR0701890A Withdrawn FR2901916A1 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2007-03-14 | Hot junction and cold junction thermocouples e.g. iron-constantan thermocouple, connecting device for producing continuous electric current, has thermocouples arranged in series by capacitors, and constituted of plates and conductors |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2901916A1 (en) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3300840A (en) * | 1962-01-23 | 1967-01-31 | Marshall Maurice Bernard | Method of making thermoelectric generators |
WO1983003925A1 (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-10 | The Australian National University | Arrays of polarised energy-generating elements |
EP0369670A2 (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-23 | Aspden, Harold Dr. | Thermoelectric energy conversion |
US5065085A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1991-11-12 | Strachan-Aspden Limited | Thermoelectric energy conversion |
DE19530382A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Meiners Horst | Generating electrical current, esp. small current |
US5720608A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1998-02-24 | Paloma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Combusting apparatus with storage battery included therein |
US5770911A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1998-06-23 | Cheng; Kan | Resonant thermoelectric generator |
EP0935334A2 (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-08-11 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Electronic device fitted with power generators |
FR2849716A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-09 | Philibert Mazille | Thermocouple power generator uses multiple constantan-copper thermocouples to generate high power rates from temperature differences |
US20050161072A1 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2005-07-28 | Brian Esser | Thermoelectric device having an energy storage device located between its hot and cold sides |
-
2007
- 2007-03-14 FR FR0701890A patent/FR2901916A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3300840A (en) * | 1962-01-23 | 1967-01-31 | Marshall Maurice Bernard | Method of making thermoelectric generators |
WO1983003925A1 (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-10 | The Australian National University | Arrays of polarised energy-generating elements |
EP0369670A2 (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-23 | Aspden, Harold Dr. | Thermoelectric energy conversion |
US5065085A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1991-11-12 | Strachan-Aspden Limited | Thermoelectric energy conversion |
US5720608A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1998-02-24 | Paloma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Combusting apparatus with storage battery included therein |
DE19530382A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Meiners Horst | Generating electrical current, esp. small current |
US5770911A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1998-06-23 | Cheng; Kan | Resonant thermoelectric generator |
EP0935334A2 (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-08-11 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Electronic device fitted with power generators |
FR2849716A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-09 | Philibert Mazille | Thermocouple power generator uses multiple constantan-copper thermocouples to generate high power rates from temperature differences |
US20050161072A1 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2005-07-28 | Brian Esser | Thermoelectric device having an energy storage device located between its hot and cold sides |
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ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20091130 |