FR2896847A1 - ARTICULATED STRUCTURE - Google Patents

ARTICULATED STRUCTURE Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2896847A1
FR2896847A1 FR0650364A FR0650364A FR2896847A1 FR 2896847 A1 FR2896847 A1 FR 2896847A1 FR 0650364 A FR0650364 A FR 0650364A FR 0650364 A FR0650364 A FR 0650364A FR 2896847 A1 FR2896847 A1 FR 2896847A1
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France
Prior art keywords
arms
articulated
plate
articulated structure
elements
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Granted
Application number
FR0650364A
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French (fr)
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FR2896847B3 (en
Inventor
Guy Valembois
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Conseil et Technique SAS
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Conseil et Technique SAS
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Priority to FR0650364A priority Critical patent/FR2896847B3/en
Priority to PCT/FR2007/050723 priority patent/WO2007088314A2/en
Publication of FR2896847A1 publication Critical patent/FR2896847A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2896847B3 publication Critical patent/FR2896847B3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J17/00Joints
    • B25J17/02Wrist joints
    • B25J17/0258Two-dimensional joints
    • B25J17/0266Two-dimensional joints comprising more than two actuating or connecting rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/003Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics
    • B25J9/0072Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics of the hybrid type, i.e. having different kinematics chains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/003Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics
    • B25J9/0075Truss
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/06Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by multi-articulated arms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02Heads
    • F16M11/04Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/043Allowing translations
    • F16M11/046Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02Heads
    • F16M11/04Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F16M11/125Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction for tilting and rolling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02Heads
    • F16M11/18Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M2200/00Details of stands or supports
    • F16M2200/06Arms
    • F16M2200/061Scissors arms

Abstract

Structure articulée destinée à permettre l'orientation dans l'espace d'un objet qui y est lié.Elle comporte une platine fixe (1) liée à une platine mobile (2) au travers de trois bras (3), où chacun des bras (3) comprend deux éléments (31, 32), articulés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison sphérique (30), et s'articulant chacun sur l'une des platines (1, 2) par l'intermédiaire d'un pivot (21), pour chacune des platines (1, 2) les trois pivots sont d'axes non parallèles.Chacun des bras (3) est associé à un moyen moteur (4) apte à agir sur le pivotement d'un élément (31) du bras (3) sur la platine (1).Articulated structure for allowing the orientation in the space of an object which is related thereto.Elle comprises a fixed plate (1) linked to a movable plate (2) through three arms (3), where each arm (3) comprises two elements (31, 32), articulated to each other via a spherical connection (30), and each articulating on one of the plates (1, 2) by by means of a pivot (21), for each of the plates (1, 2), the three pivots are of non-parallel axes. Each of the arms (3) is associated with a driving means (4) able to act on the pivoting an element (31) of the arm (3) on the plate (1).

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une structure articulée destinée àThe present invention relates to an articulated structure intended for

permettre l'orientation dans l'espace d'un objet qui y est lié. On connaît de nombreuses structures articulées permettant de réaliser une telle orientation, et cela dans de nombreux domaines tels que, par exemple et non limitativement, la constitution et l'architecture des robots, des grues et autres engins de terrassement, l'orientation d'un objet comme une antenne etc..., ou bien des dispositifs de commande de type joystick ou manche à balai Ces structures articulées sont plus ou moins complexes, selon le nombre souhaité de degrés de liberté, et plus ce nombre est élevé, plus la structure est complexe et en outre coûteuse. Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une structure articulée permettant d'orienter un objet dans l'espace, de conception simple, d'une grande rigidité et d'un encombrement réduit. La structure articulée selon l'invention se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'elle comporte une platine fixe liée à une platine mobile au travers de trois bras, où chacun desdits bras comprend deux éléments, articulés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison sphérique, et s'articulant chacun sur l'une desdites platines par l'intermédiaire d'un pivot, et en ce que pour chacune des platines les trois pivots sont d'axes non parallèles. Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de la structure articulée selon l'invention, chacun des bras est associé à un moyen moteur apte à agir sur le pivotement d'un élément dudit bras sur la platine.  allow orientation in the space of an object that is linked to it. Numerous articulated structures are known that make it possible to carry out such an orientation, and this in many fields such as, for example and without limitation, the constitution and architecture of robots, cranes and other earth-moving machines, the orientation of an object such as an antenna etc ..., or joystick-type control devices or joystick These articulated structures are more or less complex, depending on the desired number of degrees of freedom, and the higher the number, the greater the structure is complex and in addition expensive. The object of the present invention is to provide an articulated structure for orienting an object in space, simple design, high rigidity and a small footprint. The articulated structure according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it comprises a fixed plate connected to a plate movable through three arms, where each of said arms comprises two elements, articulated to one another via a spherical connection, and each articulating on one of said plates by means of a pivot, and in that for each of the plates the three pivots are non-parallel axes. According to an additional feature of the articulated structure according to the invention, each of the arms is associated with a motor means adapted to act on the pivoting of an element of said arm on the plate.

Selon une autre caractéristique additionnelle de la structure articulée selon l'invention, qu'elle est associée en série à au moins une autre structure articulée similaire, en sorte de comprendre au moins une platine intermédiaire qui comporte trois pivots, d'axes non parallèles, destinés chacun au rattachement de deux bras articulés permettant chacun la liaison avec l'une des deux platines adjacentes, les deux éléments desdits deux bras articulés, montés pivotants sur ladite platine intermédiaire, étant solidaires fixement. Les avantages et les caractéristiques du dispositif selon l'invention, ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui suit et qui se rapporte au dessin annexé, lequel en représente plusieurs modes de réalisation non limitatifs. Dans le dessin annexé : - les figures 1, 2 et 3 représentent des vues schématiques en perspective d'une structure articulée selon l'invention, dans 10 différentes positions de déploiement. - les figures 4, 5 et 6 représentent des vues schématiques en perspective d'une variante de la même structure articulée, dans deux positions différentes de déploiement. - la figure 7 représente une vue schématique en perspective 15 d'une autre variante de la même structure articulée. Sur les figures 1, 2 et 3 on peut voir qu'une structure articulée selon l'invention comprend, dans ce mode de réalisation, une platine fixe 1 et une platine mobile 2 destinée à porter un objet à orienter dans l'espace.  According to another additional feature of the articulated structure according to the invention, it is associated in series with at least one other similar articulated structure, so as to include at least one intermediate plate which comprises three pivots, of non-parallel axes, each intended for the attachment of two articulated arms each allowing the connection with one of the two adjacent plates, the two elements of said two articulated arms, pivotally mounted on said intermediate plate, being fixedly secured. The advantages and characteristics of the device according to the invention will become more clearly apparent from the description which follows and which refers to the appended drawing, which represents several non-limiting embodiments thereof. In the accompanying drawing: - Figures 1, 2 and 3 show schematic perspective views of an articulated structure according to the invention, in 10 different deployment positions. - Figures 4, 5 and 6 show schematic perspective views of a variant of the same articulated structure, in two different positions of deployment. - Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view 15 of another variant of the same articulated structure. In Figures 1, 2 and 3 it can be seen that an articulated structure according to the invention comprises, in this embodiment, a fixed plate 1 and a movable plate 2 for carrying an object to be oriented in space.

20 Les deux platines 1 et 2 sont reliées par trois bras 3, comprenant chacun deux éléments 31 et 32, reliés par une articulation sphérique 30. Les éléments 31 s'articulent sur la platine fixe 1 par l'intermédiaire de chapes 10 portant des pivots, non visibles, 25 dont les axes ne sont pas parallèles. De la même manière et symétriquement, les éléments 32 s'articulent sur la platine mobile 2 par l'intermédiaire de chapes 20 portant des pivots 21 dont les axes ne sont pas parallèles. D'autre part, chacun des éléments 31 est relié à la platine 30 fixe 1 par un moyen moteur 4 apte à agir sur le pivotement de l'élément 31, en l'occurrence chacun des moyens moteurs 4 consiste en un vérin. On peut comprendre qu'un pivotement des éléments 31 selon un même angle, tel que cela est représenté sur la figure 3, 35 génère un déplacement de la platine mobile 2, parallèlement à la platine fixe 1 alors qu'un pivotement selon des angles différents, tel que cela est représenté sur la figure 2, génère une inclinaison de la platine mobile 2. On notera que, dans une autre configuration, les moyens moteur 4 pourraient tout à fait être solidaires de la platine 5 mobile 2, et agir sur le pivotement des éléments 32. En référence maintenant aux figures 4, 5 et 6, on peut voir une variante de la structure articulée selon l'invention, où notamment deux structures articulées sont associées en série. On peut voir ainsi trois platines reliées par des bras 10 articulés, à savoir une platine fixe 1 reliée, au travers de bras 5, à une platine intermédiaire 6, elle-même reliée, au travers de bras articulés 7, à une platine mobile 8. Les bras 5 sont constitués chacun de deux éléments 51 et 52 reliés par une articulation sphérique 50, les éléments 51 15 s'articulant sur la platine fixe 1 au travers de chapes 10 portant des pivots, non visibles, dont les axes sont non parallèles, en l'occurrence contenus dans un même plan et faisant entre eux un angle de 120 , tandis que les éléments 52 s'articulent sur la platine intermédiaire 6, au travers de 20 chapes 60 portant des pivots 61 dont les axes sont non parallèles, en l'occurrence également contenus dans un même plan et faisant entre eux un angle de 120 . Les bras 7 sont constitués chacun de deux éléments 71 et 72 reliés par une articulation sphérique 70, les éléments 71 25 s'articulant sur la platine intermédiaire 6 au travers des chapes 60 et des pivots 61, tandis que les éléments 72 s'articulent sur la platine mobile 8, au travers de chapes 80 portant des pivots 81 dont les axes sont non parallèles, en l'occurrence contenus dans un même plan et faisant entre eux un 30 angle de 120 On peut constater que les éléments 52 et 71 qui pivotent sur une même chape 60, sont liés de manière rigide, ce qui permet de transmettre aux bras 7 les mouvements des bras 5, eux-mêmes déplacés par les moyens moteurs 4.The two plates 1 and 2 are connected by three arms 3, each comprising two elements 31 and 32, connected by a spherical joint 30. The elements 31 articulate on the fixed plate 1 by means of clevises 10 carrying pivots , not visible, whose axes are not parallel. In the same way and symmetrically, the elements 32 articulate on the movable plate 2 by means of clevises 20 carrying pivots 21 whose axes are not parallel. On the other hand, each of the elements 31 is connected to the fixed plate 1 by a motor means 4 adapted to act on the pivoting of the element 31, in this case each of the motor means 4 consists of a jack. It can be understood that a pivoting of the elements 31 at the same angle, as shown in FIG. 3, generates a displacement of the movable plate 2, parallel to the fixed plate 1 while pivoting at different angles. , as shown in FIG. 2, generates an inclination of the movable plate 2. It will be noted that, in another configuration, the motor means 4 could quite be integral with the movable plate 2, and act on the pivoting elements 32. Referring now to Figures 4, 5 and 6, we can see a variant of the articulated structure according to the invention, where in particular two articulated structures are associated in series. Three plates can thus be seen connected by articulated arms, namely a fixed plate 1 connected, through arms 5, to an intermediate plate 6, itself connected, via articulated arms 7, to a movable plate 8 The arms 5 each consist of two elements 51 and 52 connected by a spherical articulation 50, the elements 51 articulating on the fixed plate 1 through clevises 10 carrying non-visible pivots whose axes are non-parallel , in this case contained in the same plane and forming an angle of 120 between them, while the elements 52 articulate on the intermediate plate 6, through 20 yokes 60 carrying pins 61 whose axes are non-parallel, in this case also contained in the same plane and making an angle of 120 between them. The arms 7 each consist of two elements 71 and 72 connected by a spherical joint 70, the elements 71 articulating on the intermediate plate 6 through the yokes 60 and the pivots 61, while the elements 72 are articulated on the movable plate 8, through clevises 80 carrying pins 81 whose axes are non-parallel, in this case contained in the same plane and forming an angle of 120 between them. It can be seen that the elements 52 and 71 which pivot on the same yoke 60, are rigidly connected, which allows to transmit to the arms 7 the movements of the arms 5, themselves moved by the motor means 4.

35 Il est possible de placer en série plusieurs structures articulées selon l'invention, la figure 7 représente ainsi un ensemble comprenant une platine fixe 1, deux platines intermédiaires 6 et une platine mobile 8, et des bras 5 et 7, ainsi que des bras 9 reliant les deux platines intermédiaires 6 et constitués de deux éléments 91 et 92 reliés par une liaison sphérique 90. On notera que les figures représentent une forme de réalisation préférentielle de la structure articulée selon l'invention, où pour chaque platine les axes des pivots font entre eux un angle de 120 , et sont contenus dans un même plan, tandis que les bras sont de même longueur. Il est toutefois parfaitement envisageable que la structure articulée selon l'invention comporte des bras de longueurs différentes, que les axes d'une même platine soient des plans différents, parallèles ou non, que la disposition et l'orientation des axes d'une platine soient non symétriques à celles de la platine adjacente, l'essentiel demeurant dans le fait que les axes d'une même platine soient non parallèles.It is possible to place in series several articulated structures according to the invention, FIG. 7 thus represents an assembly comprising a fixed plate 1, two intermediate plates 6 and a movable plate 8, and arms 5 and 7, as well as arms 9 connecting the two intermediate plates 6 and consist of two elements 91 and 92 connected by a spherical connection 90. It will be noted that the figures show a preferred embodiment of the articulated structure according to the invention, where for each plate the axes of the pivots. make an angle of 120 between them, and are contained in the same plane, while the arms are of the same length. However, it is perfectly conceivable that the articulated structure according to the invention comprises arms of different lengths, that the axes of the same plate are different planes, parallel or otherwise, than the arrangement and orientation of the axes of a plate are not symmetrical to those of the adjacent plate, the essential remaining in the fact that the axes of the same plate are not parallel.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Structure articulée destinée à permettre l'orientation dans l'espace d'un objet qui y est lié, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une platine fixe (1) liée à une platine mobile (2 ; 6, 8) au travers de trois bras (3 ; 5, 7 ; 9), où chacun desdits bras (3 ; 5, 7 ; 9) comprend deux éléments (31, 32 ; 51, 52, 71, 72), articulés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison sphérique (30 ; 50, 70 ; 90), et s'articulant chacun sur l'une desdites platines (1, 2 ; 6, 8) par l'intermédiaire d'un pivot (21 ; 61), et en ce que pour chacune des platines (1, 2 ; 6, 8) les trois pivots sont d'axes non parallèles.  1) Articulated structure intended to allow the orientation in space of an object which is connected thereto, characterized in that it comprises a fixed plate (1) connected to a movable plate (2; 6, 8) through three arms (3; 5, 7; 9), wherein each of said arms (3; 5; 7; 9) comprises two elements (31,32; 51,52,71,72) articulated one to the other; other via a spherical connection (30; 50; 70; 90) and each articulating on one of said plates (1, 2; 6, 8) via a pivot (21 61), and in that for each of the plates (1, 2; 6, 8) the three pivots are of non-parallel axes. 2) Structure articulée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que chacun des bras (3 ; 5) est associé à un moyen moteur (4) apte à agir sur le pivotement d'un élément (31 ; 51) dudit bras (3 ; 5) sur la platine (1).  2) articulated structure according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the arms (3; 5) is associated with a motor means (4) adapted to act on the pivoting of an element (31; 51) of said arm (3; 5) on the plate (1). 3) Structure articulée selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est associée en série à au moins une autre structure articulée similaire, en sorte de comporter au moins une platine intermédiaire (6) qui comporte trois pivots, d'axes non parallèles, destinés chacun au rattachement de deux bras articulés(5, 7 ; 9) permettant chacun la liaison avec l'une des deux platines adjacentes (1, 6, 8), les deux éléments (52 et 71 ; 52 et 91, 92 et 71) desdits deux bras articulés (5, 7 ; 9), montés pivotants sur ladite platine intermédiaire (6), étant solidaires fixement.  3) articulated structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it is associated in series with at least one other similar articulated structure, so as to comprise at least one intermediate plate (6) which comprises three pivots, d non-parallel axes, each intended for the attachment of two articulated arms (5, 7; 9) each allowing the connection with one of the two adjacent plates (1, 6, 8), the two elements (52 and 71; 91, 92 and 71) of said two articulated arms (5, 7; 9), pivotally mounted on said intermediate plate (6), being fixedly secured. 4) Structure articulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les trois pivots de chaque platine (1, 2 ; 6, 8) sont d'axes contenus dans un même plan et faisant entre eux un angle de 120 .  4) articulated structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the three pivots of each plate (1, 2; 6, 8) are axes contained in the same plane and between them an angle of 120.
FR0650364A 2006-02-02 2006-02-02 ARTICULATED STRUCTURE Expired - Lifetime FR2896847B3 (en)

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FR0650364A FR2896847B3 (en) 2006-02-02 2006-02-02 ARTICULATED STRUCTURE
PCT/FR2007/050723 WO2007088314A2 (en) 2006-02-02 2007-01-31 Articulated structure

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WO2011104038A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Gear mechanism
CN104029197A (en) * 2014-06-26 2014-09-10 山东大学(威海) Vector propulsion mechanism of underwater robot
NL2012160C2 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-29 Adrianus Franciscus Geest ROBOT WITH DELTA CONNECTED IN SERIES.
CN105538295A (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-05-04 武汉需要智能技术有限公司 Desktop type parallel mechanical arm
US20180000548A1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2018-01-04 The Johns Hopkins University Delta mechanism with enhanced torsional stiffness
DE102012008559B4 (en) 2012-04-04 2021-10-07 Pi4_Robotics Gmbh Robot arm module for a robot arm or robot arm

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CN105538290B (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-11-07 北京工业大学 A kind of symmetrical coupled mechanism with an one-movement-freedom-degree
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Cited By (9)

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WO2011104038A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Gear mechanism
DE102012008559B4 (en) 2012-04-04 2021-10-07 Pi4_Robotics Gmbh Robot arm module for a robot arm or robot arm
NL2012160C2 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-29 Adrianus Franciscus Geest ROBOT WITH DELTA CONNECTED IN SERIES.
WO2015115887A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-08-06 Adrianus Franciscus Van Der Geest Robot comprising series-arranged delta assemblies
CN104029197A (en) * 2014-06-26 2014-09-10 山东大学(威海) Vector propulsion mechanism of underwater robot
CN104029197B (en) * 2014-06-26 2016-01-20 山东大学(威海) A kind of vector propulsion mechanism of underwater robot
US20180000548A1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2018-01-04 The Johns Hopkins University Delta mechanism with enhanced torsional stiffness
US10646990B2 (en) * 2015-07-17 2020-05-12 The Johns Hopkins University Delta mechanism with enhanced torsional stiffness
CN105538295A (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-05-04 武汉需要智能技术有限公司 Desktop type parallel mechanical arm

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WO2007088314A3 (en) 2007-10-04
FR2896847B3 (en) 2008-05-09
WO2007088314A2 (en) 2007-08-09

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