FR2883670A1 - Electric power supplying device for e.g. starter of modern motor vehicle, has connection box mounted on one power storage unit and comprising circuit with connecting units providing connections to separate distribution networks and socket - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (11) has two electric power storage units (12a, 12b) placed side by side and a connection box (14) mounted on one of the storage units and electrically connecting the storage units. The box has a circuit with connecting units providing electrical connections to two separate distribution networks through accessible terminals (20) and to a specific connection socket (42).

Description

"Compact power supply device

  The invention relates to a power supply device for a motor vehicle.

  The invention more particularly relates to a power supply device for a motor vehicle, which is intended to connect at least one electric machine, capable of operating as a motor and / or generator, to a battery of the vehicle, and which comprises at least an electronic converter. io

  Numerous examples of devices of this type are known.

  Such power supply devices are used, for example, for powering electrical machines of motor vehicles of electric and / or hybrid type, that is to say combining an electric machine and a conventional heat engine, for which it is important. to be able to recover the kinetic energy in order to recharge the battery of the vehicle and supply the on-board electrical power network. This function is commonly called regenerative braking. A hydride metal battery is for example used.

  These power supply devices, however, pose many problems.

  Indeed, the various elements that make up these power devices, such as the electronic converter such as an inverter and the battery, are generally distributed at different locations of the vehicle and they are interconnected by connecting cables.

  These remote connections result in the appearance of link inductances, in particular between the inverter and the battery, which produce voltage and resonance ripples between the different elements and ground offsets for the signals to be communicated between the different equipment.

  In addition, these remote connections also pose the problem of filtering parasites.

  To overcome all these drawbacks, the invention proposes a power supply device for a motor vehicle of the type described previously, grouping all the elements that compose it.

  For this purpose, the invention proposes a lo power supply device of the type described above, characterized in that it comprises a single housing comprising cooling means and in which are arranged at least the converter (s) electronics (s) and at least one electrical energy storage unit.

  Thus, the energy storage unit will replace the battery for regenerative braking. We do not worry anymore about the link inductance between the battery and the inverter. And in addition, the fact of grouping all the elements of the power supply device, in a single housing with the storage unit makes it possible to reduce the linkage inductances existing between said unit and the electronic converter or converters, while ensuring a group cooling of the electronic converter (s) and the electrical energy storage unit (s).

  According to other non-limiting features of the invention: that the housing comprises: E a lower part, forming a receiving tray 30 of a plurality of electrical energy storage units, E at least one upper part, styling the lower part, and receiving at least one electronic control card and at least one electronic power card which comprises the electronic converter (s), E each lower or upper part comprising 5 associated cooling means.

  This allows easy assembly and good compactness of the device.

  the lower part has the shape of a first substantially rectangular parallelepipedal container, open at its upper end, which receives in the length or width or height direction at least two electrical energy storage units; so-called "supercapacitors" mounted in series, and which has lower cooling means.

  - The energy storage units are arranged in stages, the units of a first stage being offset from the second stage such that two units of the second stage are in tangential contact with the same unit of the first stage.

  - The upper part comprises a second tray which caps the upper end of the first tray, which is open at its upper end, and which is intended to receive successively, from the bottom to the top of the second tray, the electronic control card, a insulation seal, and the electronic power card comprising the electronic converter, and a cover which caps the upper end of the second tray and which comprises upper cooling means, This allows a good cooling of the device during its operation.

  the lower / upper cooling means of at least one lower / upper part are fluid cooling means.

  the electrical energy storage units are embedded in a heat-regulating material such as, in particular, paraffin. In order to form the lower cooling means, the first tank of the lower part comprises longitudinal walls, in the thickness of which are arranged. a plurality of longitudinal conduits intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid, and transverse walls in the thickness of each of which is formed a cavity which communicates at least: E with all the associated ends of the ducts of the longitudinal walls With a first associated conduit for supplying or discharging the cooling fluid having a nozzle projecting on the outer face of each transverse wall, for forming the upper cooling means, the lid of the upper part comprises in its thickness a longitudinal and transverse cavity that is intended to be t ravaged by the cooling fluid, and which communicates at its ends with second conduits associated with supply and discharge of the cooling fluid, each cavity of each transverse wall of the first tank of the lower part communicates with a third duct which communicates with the associated second conduit of the lid of the upper part, to allow a single supply and a discharge of the ducts of the lower part and the cavity of the lid through the nozzles of the lower part.

  the third duct communicates with the second duct via a tube; the tube is independent and it is received on the one hand directly in a bore of the first tray forming the third duct and on the other hand in a sleeve; of elastomeric material received in a bore of the lid forming the second conduit, in particular for sealing against the cooling fluid under pressure, the lower / upper cooling means of at least one lower / upper part are cooling means for air, This facilitates the integration of the device (no connection to a specific cooling circuit such as a vehicle cooling circuit) - to form the lower cooling means, the first tank of the lower part has opposite transverse walls each having an air passage, the opposing air passages allowing a flow of air to pass through the tank for r cooling the energy storage units connected in series, and at least one air passage of one of the transverse walls is composed of an opening made in said transverse wall to which is entered an air circulation bell, one of which internal cavity internally receives at least one fan and an external duct is intended to be connected to a fresh air supply duct of the associated vehicle, - to form the upper cooling means, the lid of the second tank of the upper part comprises a plurality of fins and at least one edge of the internal cavity of the circulation bell protrudes at the upper end of the fins to allow a flow of air to pass at least partially through the fins, maximize the exchange surface in a small volume to optimize heat dissipation.

  - A flap projecting horizontally from the second tank 5 extends inside the cavity of the circulation bell to guide the air between the fan and the fins, - only one of the air passages of the transverse walls. receives an air circulation bell and the opposite transverse wall comprises an air outlet grille, - the two air passages of the opposite transverse walls are each composed of an opening to which is closed a circulation bell of air which is provided with at least one respectively blower or aspirating motor fan, an edge of the internal cavity of each bell extending opposite the fins and an external duct being intended to be connected to an inlet duct of fresh air or exhaust air of the associated vehicle to supply or exhaust air in the lower tray and between the fins, - a guide wall extends above the ends of the fins to guide the flow of air between the fins, - the housing comprises two electronic converters.

  at least one electronic converter is an inverter.

  This reduces the linkage inductances between the inverter and the storage units. In addition, this avoids disturbances in the power supply device and on the vehicle's on-board network if the inverter is an inverter with cutting technology called PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) or PWM. in English.

  - At least one electronic converter is a continuous DC converter, This reduces the inductances of links between the inverter and said converter.

  - The housing further comprises a bi-position switch, This reduces the inductances connecting the inverter and the energy storage unit.

  io - the housing is in particular substantially the size of a standard battery of a motor vehicle, This allows the housing to the location of the conventional battery, the latter can for example be put in the trunk. Thus, it allows to integrate electrical machine and power supply device closer which reduces the length of wiring that connects them.

  the housing is made by molding an aluminum alloy.

  Other features and advantages will appear during the reading of the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings among which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a feeding device FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a power supply device according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view through the plane 3-3. of Figure 2 of the device of Figure 2.

  - Figure 4 is a sectional view through the plane 4-4 of Figure 2 of the device of Figure 2.

  FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of a power supply device according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view through plane 6-6 of FIG. device of Figure 5.

  - Figure 7 is a sectional view through the plane 7-7 of Figure 5 of the device of Figure 5.

  FIG. 8 is a sectional view through plane 7-7 of FIG. 5 of an alternative device of the second embodiment of the device of FIG. 5.

  In the following description, like reference numerals designate like parts or having similar functions.

  FIG. 1 shows the assembly of a power supply device 10 is for a motor vehicle made according to the invention.

  The device 10 is intended to connect at least one electric machine 12 provided with sensors 14, capable of operating as a motor, for example to drive at least one wheel of the vehicle and / or as a generator, for example to recover the kinetic energy of the vehicle during braking, to a battery 16 of the vehicle. This machine is said to be reversible such as an alternator-starter. This machine is taken as a non-limiting example for the rest of the description. Of course, one can also take a rotating electrical machine such as a simple alternator.

  The device 10 comprises at least one electronic converter 18, 22, 30 and an electrical energy storage unit 20. This device comprises two electrical networks, one dedicated power (the storage units 20) adapted to the energy recovery, the other dedicated energy (the battery 16) connected to the on-board network.

  In a first nonlimiting embodiment, the device 10 comprises a DC-DC converter 22.

  In a second nonlimiting embodiment, the device 10 comprises an inverter 18. The inverter is a DC / AC reversible converter. It operates as an AC / DC converter when the machine is in generator mode (it is often called a rectifier bridge), and as a DC / AC converter when the machine is in motor mode.

  In a third nonlimiting embodiment, the device 10 comprises an inverter 18 and a DC-DC converter 22.

  In a fourth embodiment, in the non-limiting embodiment which has been shown in FIG. 1, the device 10 comprises three electronic converters, namely an inverter 18, a DC-DC converter 22, and in addition a switch bi-position 30, which are interconnected by power connectors such as bus bars (not shown).

  The inverter 18 is, for example, a reversible AC-DC or AC-DC reversible-DC converter, referred to as "DC / AC".

  The DC / DC converter 22 makes it possible, in particular, to convert a voltage on the energy storage unit side 20, said voltage being in a range of values, here in a nonlimiting manner between 6V and 35V, in a voltage compatible with that of the battery. 16, the battery supplying an onboard network for example of the order of 12 volts.

  The bi-position switch 30 allows him to determine the operating mode of the electric machine 30 12.

  In the example taken, the generator mode comprises two phases: a so-called alternator phase, and a so-called energy recovery phase, the motor mode comprises a start-up and dynamic assistance phase.

  The operating mode of the machine with a bi-position switch is as follows: the switch connects the inverter 18 and the storage unit 20 in the motor mode, and in the energy recovery phase, the switch connects the inverter 18 and the battery 16 in the alternator phase.

  Note that in another embodiment, there is no switch.

  The device 10 is for this purpose connected by cables 24 to the electrical machine, by cables 26 to the battery, and by cables 28 to a power supply network of the vehicle.

  The device 10 for recovering the kinetic energy of the vehicle using the electric machine, this architecture is more particularly known under the name of architecture "14 + X".

  As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8, the device 10 comprises a single housing 32, comprising cooling means 34, in which the electronic converter (s) 18, 22, 30 and the electronic converter (s) are arranged. s) unit (s) 20 for storing electrical energy, in particular for: - reducing the lengths of the connections between these elements, so as to limit the effects of the link inductances, to propose a group cooling of the electronic converters 18, 22, 30 and (s) unit (s) 20 for storing electrical energy.

  In general, the housing 32 has a lower portion 34 forming a tray 34 for receiving a plurality of electrical energy storage units 20.

  This lower part 34 is completed by at least one upper part 36, covering the lower part 34, and receiving at least one electronic control card 38 and at least one electronic power card 40 which includes the electronic converter (s) ) 18, 22, 30, ie the inverter 18, the DC-DC converter 22, and the bi-position switch 30.

  Preferably, each lower portion 32 or upper 36 has associated cooling means.

  More particularly, the lower portion 34 has the shape of a first substantially parallelepipedal tray, open at its upper end 42, which receives at least two electrical energy storage units 20 called "supercapacitors" connected in series.

  In a first example of non-limiting embodiment, the storage units are arranged in the direction of the length.

  In a second non-limiting embodiment, the storage units are arranged in the width direction.

  In a third nonlimiting embodiment, the storage units are arranged in the direction of the height.

  Depending on the size of the storage units 20, the best arrangement of the three modes will be chosen to optimize the space required for the electronic components integrated in the housing, here in the example in the direction of the height.

  In a first variant applicable to the three modes, the energy storage units 20 are arranged in stages, the units of a first stage being offset with respect to the second stage such that two units of the second stage are in tangential contact with the same one. unit of the first floor. The contact can be direct or indirect.

  In a second variant applicable to the three modes, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, the lower part receives axial alignments 44 of electrical energy storage units 20 which are arranged in the direction of the length, but this provision is not limiting of the invention. The alignments 44 of electrical energy storage units 20 could indeed be arranged in the width direction. The energy storage units of two adjacent alignments are maintained by holding means 46. Any embodiment of these holding means may be suitable for the proper implementation of the invention. In the figures, the holding means are composed of elastic collars 46, but they could be forms integrated with the lower part 34, or else electrical energy storage units 20 themselves, each of these ci then comprising interlocking means intended to cooperate with the neighboring unit 20.

  The first tray of the lower portion 34 has associated lower cooling means.

  The upper part 36, when it has a second tray 48 which caps the upper end 42 of the first tray 34.

  This second tray may in particular be carrying external connectors, for example a connector 23 for receiving control signals and a connector 25 for receiving a power supply.

  The second bin 48 is open at its upper end 50, and is intended to receive successively, preferably from bottom to top of the tank 48, the electronic control board 38, an insulating joint 52, and the electronic board 40 power unit comprising the inverter 18 and the DC-DC converter 22, and a cover 54 which covers the upper end 50 of the second tank 48. This cover 54 comprises upper cooling means. Preferably, the power card is disposed as close to the cooling means. Thus, this arrangement avoids heating the storage units 20 by the heat released by the power card.

  According to a first embodiment of the housing 32 which has been shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the lower / upper cooling means of at least one lower portion 34 or upper portion 36 are fluid cooling means, for example a liquid such as glycol water or another example, or air.

  In addition, to homogenize the temperature of the storage units 20, and to improve the heat exchange between said units and the cooling means 34 so as to better dissipate the heat, as is illustrated more particularly in FIGS. 3 and 4, the Electrical energy storage units 20 are embedded in a heat-regulating material 56 such as in particular paraffin.

  Thus, this makes it possible to improve better thermal conduction towards the fluid circulation zones. In addition, this makes it possible to improve the sealing of the storage units 20.

  To form the lower cooling means, the first tank of the lower portion 34 has vertical and horizontal walls 58, in the thickness of which are arranged a plurality of longitudinal conduits 60 positioned to optimize the heat exchange coefficient intended for be traversed by the cooling fluid. In the example, the conduits are parallel.

  The first tray of the lower part 34 also has vertical transverse walls 62 in the thickness of each of which is formed a cavity 64 which communicates at least: E with all the associated ends of the ducts 60 of the vertical / horizontal longitudinal walls 58 , É with a first duct 66 associated supply or a first duct 68 for discharging the cooling fluid of which an associated nozzle 70, 72 protrudes, as shown in Figure 2, on the outer face of each transverse wall 62.

  Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, to form the upper cooling means, the cover 54 of the upper portion 36 has in its thickness a longitudinal cavity and transverse 74 which is intended to be traversed by the cooling fluid, and which communicates at its ends 76, 78 with second conduits 80, 82 associated supply and discharge of the cooling fluid.

  The supply and the discharge of cooling fluid from the lower 34 and upper 36 parts could be independent. However, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, these two parts 34, 36 are fed jointly.

  For this purpose, as illustrated in Figure 4, each cavity 64 of each transverse wall of the first tray of the lower portion 34 communicates with a third associated conduit 84, 86 which communicates with the associated second conduit 80, 82 of the cover 54 of the upper portion 36, to allow a single supply and discharge of the conduits 60 of the lower portion 34 and the cavity 74 of the cover 54 through the nozzles 70, 72 of the lower portion 34.

  Any mode of communication between the second conduit 80 and third conduit 84 on the one hand, second conduit 82 and third conduit 86 on the other hand can be considered without changing the nature of the invention.

  Preferably, however, each third conduit 84, 86 communicates with the associated second conduit 80, 82 through an associated tube 90, 88.

  Each tube 90, 88 could be integral with the cover 54 or with the lower part 34. However, to facilitate the adjustment of these elements taking into account the dimensional dispersions of manufacture, each tube 90, 88 is independent.

  More particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 4, each tube 90, 88 is preferentially received on the one hand directly in an associated bore of the first tray 34 forming the third conduit 84, 86 and on the other hand in an associated sleeve 92 which is elastomeric material which is received in a bore of the cover 54 forming the second conduit 80, 82.

  This configuration makes it possible in particular to ensure perfect sealing against the cooling fluid under pressure.

  According to a second embodiment which has been shown in Figures 5 to 8 the lower / upper cooling means of at least a lower portion 34 or upper 36 are air cooling means.

  For this purpose, to form the lower cooling means, the first tank of the lower portion 34 has opposed vertical transverse walls 62 which each comprise an air passage 100, 102, the air passages 100, 102 opposite allowing a flow of air to pass through the tank of the lower portion 34 to cool the energy storage units 20 connected in series.

  At least one air passage 100 of one of the vertical transverse walls is composed of an opening made in said vertical transverse wall 62 to which an air circulation bell 104 is engaged, of which an internal cavity 106 receives internally at least one motor fan 108 and an outer conduit 110 of which is intended to be connected to a fresh air supply duct (not shown) of the associated vehicle.

  Furthermore, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 to form the upper cooling means, the cover 54 of the second tray 48 of the upper portion 36 has a plurality of fins 112, for example parallel longitudinal orientation of a determined height, and at least one edge 114 of the internal cavity 106 of the circulation bell 104 protrudes at the upper end of the fins 112 to allow a flow of air to at least partially pass through the fins 112.

  The cover 54 is fixed to the lower part, for example 1s, by screws 131.

  Preferably, to limit the turbulence of the air which is directed on the vanes, a flap 116 projecting horizontally from the second trough 48 extends inside the cavity 106 of the circulating cloc104 to guide the air between the motor fan 108 and the fins 112.

  It is possible to envisage at least two variants of the air cooling means 14.

  According to a first variant of the second embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, only one of the air passages 100 of one of the transverse vertical walls 62 receives an air circulation bell 104 and the vertical transverse wall 62. opposite has an air exhaust grille.

  According to a first variant of the second embodiment which has been shown in FIG. 8, the two air passages 100 and 102 of the opposing vertical transverse walls 62 are each composed of an opening to which a circulation bell 104 is engaged. air which is provided with at least one motor fan 108 respectively blowing or suction, an edge 114 of the inner cavity 106 of each bell 104 extending opposite the fins 112 and an outer conduit 110 being intended to be connected to a conduit (Not shown) fresh air supply or exhaust air of the associated vehicle for supplying or discharging air into the lower tray 34 and between the fins 112.

  In this latter configuration, it is possible to further improve the cooling fins 112 by providing a guide wall (not shown), composed for example of an added sheet metal extends over the ends of the fins 112 to guide the flow of air between the fins 112.

  It will be understood that whatever the embodiment envisaged, it is essential that the heat generated by the storage units 20 can be transmitted to the housing 32, and that this housing can not be deformed by said heat. For this purpose, whatever the embodiment envisaged, the housing 32 is preferably made by molding an aluminum alloy. Finally, the housing 32 is preferably in particular substantially the size of a standard motor vehicle battery. , this in order to allow the implantation of the device 10 instead of a conventional battery, firstly in the case of the adaptation of a vehicle with thermal motorization to an electric motor and / or hybrid, and on the other hand to limit the size and weight of such a device, in particular to meet anti-collision safety standards.

  The invention therefore proposes a power supply device for a motor vehicle that is both compact and innovative.

  This compact solution thus makes it possible to reduce the linkage inductances (in particular between the inverter and the DC-DC converter or between the inverter and the supercapacitors) which produce voltage and resonance ripples between the different elements and offsets. of mass for the signals to be communicated between the different equipments.

  Reducing the linkage inductances also makes it possible to reduce the avalanche phenomenon at the level of the inverter, a phenomenon well known to those skilled in the art that can produce thermal problems.

  In addition, this compact solution avoids the disadvantages of an exploded design of this type of power supply devices, an exploded design that involves a multiplication of electronic units in the vehicle, and therefore a multiplication of sealing requirements. and cooling for each case, and many problems of wiring in the vehicle and holding connections.

  Thus, it improves the integration and size of the storage units, converters and the switch in the vehicle, and their thermal and electrical behavior during operation of the device.

Claims (25)

  1. Device (10) for powering a motor vehicle, which is intended to connect at least one electric machine (12), operable as a motor and / or generator, to a battery (16) of the vehicle, and which comprises at least one electronic converter (18, 22, 30) characterized in that it comprises a single housing (32) comprising cooling means and in which at least the electronic converter (s) (s) are arranged. ) and at least one storage unit (20) of electrical energy.   2. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the housing (32) comprises: - a lower portion (34), forming a receiving tray 1s of a plurality of units (20) for storing electrical energy, - at least one upper part (36), covering the lower part, and receiving at least one electronic control card (38) and at least one electronic power card (40) which comprises the ) electronic converter (s) (18, 22), each lower (34) or upper (36) having associated cooling means.   3. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that: - the lower portion (34) has the shape of a first substantially parallelepipedic tray, open at its upper end (42), which receives in the direction of the length or the width or the height at least two units (20) of electrical energy storage called "supercapacitors" connected in series, and which comprises lower cooling means.   4. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: - The energy storage units (20) are arranged in stages, the units of a first stage being offset relative to each other. on the second stage such that two units of the second stage are in tangential contact with the same unit of the first stage.   5. Device (10) power supply according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: - the upper part (36) comprises a second tray (48) which cap the upper end (42) of the first tray (34), which is open at its upper end (50), and which is adapted to successively receive, from the bottom to the top of the second tray (48), the electronic control board (38), a seal (52); ), and the electronic power board (40) comprising the electronic converter (18, 22), and a cover (54) which covers the upper end of the second tank (48) and which comprises upper cooling means .   6. Device (10) for power supply according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the lower / upper cooling means of at least one lower / upper portion (34, 36) are cooling means by fluid.   7. Device (10) for power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the units (20) for storing electrical energy are embedded in a thermoregulator material (56) such as in particular paraffin 8. Device (10) power supply according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that to form the lower cooling means, the first tray (34) of the lower portion has longitudinal walls (58) , in the thickness of which are arranged a plurality of longitudinal conduits (60) intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid, and vertical transverse walls (62) in the thickness of each of which is formed a cavity (64) which communicates at least: É with all the associated ends of the ducts (60) of the longitudinal walls (58), É with a first duct (66, 68) associated with the supply or with the discharge of coolant including a nozzle ( 70, 72) protrudes from the outer face of each transverse wall (62).   9. Device (10) power supply according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that to form the upper cooling means, the cover (54) of the upper portion (36) comprises in its thickness a longitudinal and transverse cavity (74) intended to be traversed by the cooling fluid, and which communicates at its ends with second conduits (80, 82) associated supply and discharge of the cooling fluid.   10. Power supply device according to the preceding claim taken in combination with claim 7, characterized in that each cavity (64) of each wall (62) transverse of the first tray of the lower part (34) communicates with a third conduit. (84, 86) communicating with the associated second conduit (80, 82) of the lid (54) of the upper portion (36), to permit single feeding and evacuation of the conduits (60) of the lower portion (34) and the cavity (74) of the cover (54) through the nozzles (70, 72) of the lower portion (34).   11. Device (10) for power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the third conduit (84, 86) communicates with the second conduit (80, 82) via a tube (90, 88). .   12. Device (10) for power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the tube (90) is independent and in that it is received on the one hand directly in a bore of the first tray forming the third conduit ( 84, 86) and secondly in a sleeve (92) of elastomeric material received in a bore of the cover (54) forming the second conduit (80, 82), in particular for sealing against the cooling liquid under pressure.   13. Device (10) for power supply according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the lower / upper cooling means of at least a lower / upper portion (34, 36) are cooling means io to air.   14. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, to form the lower cooling means, the first tray (34) of the lower portion has opposite transverse walls (62) which each comprise an air passage (100, 102), the opposed air passages (100, 102) allowing an air flow to pass through the trough (34) to cool the energy storage units (20) mounted in series, and in that at least one air passage (100) of one of the transverse walls (62) is composed of an opening in said transverse wall (62) to which is cut a bell (104) of air circulation of which an internal cavity (106) internally receives at least one motor fan (108) and an outer conduit (110) is intended to be connected to a fresh air supply duct of the associated vehicle.   15. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, to form the upper cooling means, the cover (54) of the second tray of the upper part comprises a plurality of fins ( 112) and in that at least one edge (114) of the inner cavity (106) of the circulation bell (104) projects at the upper end of the fins (112) to allow a flow of air to at least partially traverse the fins (112).   16. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a flap (116) projecting horizontally from the second tray (48) extends inside the cavity of the bell ( 104) to guide the air between the fan (108) and the fins (112).   17. Device (10) for power supply according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that only one of the air passages (100) of the transverse walls receives a bell (104) air circulation and in the opposite transverse wall (62) has an air exhaust grille.   18. Device (10) for power supply according to claims 14 to 16 taken in combination, characterized in that the two air passages (100, 102) of the walls (62) opposing transverse are each composed of an opening to an air circulation bell (104) is provided which is provided with at least one fan or fan (108) respectively blowing or sucking, an edge (114) of the internal cavity (106) of each bell (104) extending with respect to the fins (112) and an external duct (110) being intended to be connected to a duct for supplying fresh air or for discharging hot air from the associated vehicle to supply or evacuate the air in the lower tray (34) and between the fins (112).   19. Device (10) power supply according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a guide wall extends above the ends of the fins (112) for guiding the flow of air between the fins (112).   20. Device (10) power supply according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the housing comprises two electronic converters.   21. Device (10) power supply according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that at least one electronic converter is an inverter (22).   22. Device (10) power supply according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that at least one electronic converter is a DC-DC converter (18).   23. Device (10) power supply according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing further comprises a bi-position switch (30).   24. Device (10) for power supply according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (32) is in particular substantially the size of a standard battery of a motor vehicle.   25. Device (10) power supply according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (32) is made by molding an aluminum alloy.