FR2863503A1 - Powder atomiser for use during surgery has bulb connected to turbulence chamber through tube that partially penetrates chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The powder atomiser (1), consisting of a rigid cannula (2), a turbulence chamber (3) containing the powder (10), a bulb (4), and a connector in the form of a rigid shell (5) that fastens the cannula and bulb to the chamber, has the bulb connected to the chamber by a tube (13) that partially penetrates into the chamber. The powder is propelled through the cannula to sprayed on a surface (27) after creating a turbulence in the chamber by compressing the bulb.

Description

Device for spraying a powder

  The invention relates to a device for spraying a powder.

  The object of the invention is to obtain a device for spraying a powder which is easy to use and easy to mount and dismantle. The invention can be applied to a living being. A living being can be an animal or a man. The invention can be applied to the surgical field. In particular, the invention can be applied for bloody surgical procedures externally or for endoscopic surgical procedures. External bloody surgical intervention means a surgical procedure performed in the body of the living being through at least one slot, which slot is obtained after having cut out a skin of this same living being. Endoscopic surgical intervention is understood to mean a surgical procedure carried out in the body of the living being via a trocar that passes through the skin of the living being and through which can be inserted a cannula whose manipulation is viewed using an optical camera.

  The body of a living being has several organs each having a specific function. For example, an organ may be the heart, or a stomach or a kidney. Each of the organs is protected by a protective fabric. The body of the living being is delimited by a skin which forms an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface being located opposite the organs. During surgical procedures, it may happen for example that at least one organ has been damaged either because the intervention is performed specifically on this organ, or because the intervention is performed around the same organ. In both cases, the protective fabric may be irritated and at least one gap appears through this tissue. After such an intervention, the living being can feel pains in a place corresponding to this irritation or the breach. Or when a gap occurs, there may be a sticking of the irritated tissue or a tissue having the gap with another organ, or with a nearby tissue, or with the inner surface of the skin. Such collages can endanger the survival of at least one organ, or even the survival of the living being.

  That is why during these same surgical procedures, it is better to protect the organs, tissues, and the inner surface of the skin to prevent them sticking to each other. In particular, it is known during external bloody surgical procedures to deposit an anti-adherence liquid which is intended to prevent the tissues from sticking together and / or sticking to the organs. The liquid can be replaced by a gel that serves as a barrier between two tissues facing each other. However, the gel deposited on the fabric may tend to flow along the fabric and the gel may tend not to remain in a location where the gap or irritation is formed. The gel may not adequately protect the tissues. When the procedure is finished, the tissues always have a tendency to stick to each other.

  Other techniques exist in which it is known to sprinkle a surface to cover with a housing containing a healing and / or antiseptic powder, or others. In particular, it is known to sprinkle talcum on the body of the living being to dry the skin. Or, it is also known, during bloody procedures, sprinkle inside the body a sulfonamide product, the latter having a role as an antiseptic agent.

  In both cases, the housing used is pierced with a multitude of openings allowing the powder to be expelled from the housing when the housing is shaken to sprinkle the surface to be covered. This powder is intended to be deposited on a surface to be covered by stirring this housing so that the powder passes through the small openings.

  However, such a dusting technique has drawbacks. Indeed, the powder and dusted can be roughly distributed on the surface. Such a coarse distribution of the powder can be characterized by a formation of powder masses on the surface, each of the clusters representing an opening of the housing in correspondence. Such a distribution of the powder on the surface to be covered may not be sufficient to protect. In addition, such dusting remains limited to external bloody surgical procedures. Even if a distance separating the openings of the housing are reduced relative to one another, such a dusting is difficult to practice, even impractical, especially during endoscopic procedures because the housing can not be inserted inside. of the body of the living being through the trocar.

  Finally, it is also known to deposit a protective film on the surface to be protected. However, this film has the disadvantage of being very hydrophilic, so that the film is hardly deposited on the surface to be covered that it adheres completely. The position of this film can therefore be difficult to readjust once it is deposited on the surface.

  The invention provides for solving these problems by providing a device for spraying powder on a surface while ensuring a homogeneous distribution of powder particles forming the powder relative to each other on the surface to be coated. The invention also provides that such a spraying device is practicable for both external bloody surgical procedures and for endoscopic surgical procedures.

  The invention provides in particular a device comprising a pear, a cannula, a turbulence chamber and a means for holding the cannula and the bulb to the chamber. The pear which creates a pressurized air inlet is intended to create turbulence within the turbulence chamber so as to lift and disperse the powder particles throughout a space defined by this chamber while ensuring a propagation of these powder particles from the chamber towards the spray cannula. The powder particles are then sprayed onto the surface to be covered through the cannula. The pear is made such that after compression of the same pear, at least a portion of the powder located in the chamber is expelled from the device to at least partially cover the surface to be covered. The powder that is expelled from the device via this pear may correspond to a quantity necessary to cover the surface to be covered. In this case, the compression of the pear can be done in a single application. Or the powder that is expelled from the device through this pear may correspond to a portion of the amount necessary to cover the surface to be covered. In this case, the pear is compressed following several applications. The surface to be covered is a surface comprising at least one breach or an irritated surface area, this surface area being a surface limited to the protective fabric or the inner surface, and also to the outer surface of the skin.

  The means for holding the bulb and cannula to the turbulence chamber is formed by a holding shell. This holding shell 5 ensures a fixed positioning of the cannula and pear relative to the turbulence chamber.

  The cannula is made in the form of a hollow rectilinear cylindrical tube of rigid material so as to facilitate manipulation of this same cannula through a trocar. Because of its rigidity, the cannula can be placed in abutment against a wall delimited by a channel formed by the trocar and through which penetrates the cannula. The cannula is thus pressed against the wall so as to orient the cannula according specifically to where it is desired to spray the powder. The spraying device is therefore a precise handling tool, specifically covering a surface that is to be protected.

  The cannula has a diameter advantageously allowing its penetration through the trocar. Such a device can then be practicable during bloody interventions by external routes but also during endoscopic interventions through a trocar.

  The subject of the invention is therefore a device for spraying a powder comprising - at least one spray cannula, - at least one turbulence chamber containing the powder to be sprayed, - at least one pear, the cannula and the pear communicating with the chamber, and - at least one means for fixedly holding the cannula and the pear to the chamber, characterized in that - the powder is propelled through the cannula to be sprayed on a surface to be covered after creating a turbulence to the the interior of the chamber by means of a compression of the pear, the turbulence causing a displacement of the particles of this same powder from the chamber in the direction of the cannula.

  The invention will be better understood on reading the following description and examining the figures which accompany it. These are given only as an indication and in no way limit the invention. The figures show: FIG. 1: A sectional view of a device for spraying a powder, according to the invention, and FIG. 2: a cross-section of a holding shell, according to the invention.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a device 1 for spraying a powder comprising at least one spray cannula 2, at least one turbulence chamber 3 containing the powder to be sprayed, at least one bulb 4, and at least one means 5 for maintaining fixed cannula and pear to the chamber, according to the invention.

  The cannula 2 communicates with the chamber 3 while being partially inserted into the turbulence chamber 3. This cannula 2 has an inlet end 6 and an outlet end 7. The inlet end 6 of the cannula 2 opens with a inlet port 8 and the outlet end 7 of the cannula 2 opens out through an outlet port 9. The inlet end 6 of the cannula 2 is placed in the turbulence chamber 3 while the outlet end 7 of the cannula is intended to be placed facing a surface 27, 28, 29 to spray or cover. This surface may be a biological tissue such as, for example, a protective tissue 27 covering an organ 26. An organ may be a heart, a kidney, a bone, etc. Or the biological tissue may be one of the surfaces 28, 29 delimited by a skin 25 of the living being. The skin 25 is a protective envelope which delimits the living being and which has an outer surface 29 and an inner surface 28, the inner surface being intended to be close to the member 26.

  The surface to be covered comprises at least one location where at least one gap 42 is formed which corresponds to an incision which extends deep into the organ, tissue or skin. The surface to be covered may also include an irritated surface area, this surface area being a surface limited to the tissue.

  The pear 4 has an elongate oval shape along an axis of elongation 12 of this same pear. This pear communicates with the turbulence chamber 3.

  The turbulence chamber 3 is partially filled with a powder 10 to be sprayed at least partially onto the surface 27, 28, 29 to be sprayed.

  There is also provided at least one means 5 for fixedly holding the cannula and the pear in the chamber 3.

  The spraying device can be used for spraying carried out on any surfaces or tissues of the living being. This device can be used for external bloody surgical procedures or for endoscopic surgical procedures. As previously mentioned, the term "external bloody surgical procedure" is understood to mean a surgical procedure performed in the body of the living being through at least one slot 44, which slot is obtained after having cut out the skin 25 of this same being. living. Endoscopic surgical intervention is understood to mean a surgical procedure which is carried out via a trocar 22 which passes through the skin of the living being and through which can be inserted the cannula whose manipulation is visualized in FIG. using an optical camera (not shown).

  According to the invention, the spraying device 1 operates in the following manner. A displacement of air is caused following a compression of the pear 4. This compression of the bulb 4 causes a breath of air which is first directed towards the turbulence chamber 3. This compression of the pear is represented by two arrows opposing and directed one facing the other Figure 1. This compression can be done using a left or right hand of the user.

  Inside the turbulence chamber 3, this blast of air is then guided towards the inlet orifice 8 of the cannula 2. This air blast is intended to generate turbulence inside the chamber. turbulence chamber 3 leading to the passage of a powder particles particle forming powder 10. The turbulence generated inside the chamber 3 is represented by a spiral arrow extending from a bottom 20 of the chamber 3 in direction of the cannula 2, in Figure 1. The bottom 20 is a place of the chamber 3 farthest from the bulb 4. Thus, the powder particles are propelled and guided by the movement of air generated inside of the turbulence chamber towards the cannula 2. The powder 10 is propelled through the cannula 2 and is intended to be sprayed locally on the surface to be covered such as 27, 28 or 29 by the outlet end 7 of the cannula 2.

  In a preferred example, the surface to be covered is a fabric 27. This surface 27 is intended to be covered with a layer of powder 41, this layer of powder having been specifically intended to cover the weakened zone. This layer of powder makes it possible to cover any gaps such as 42 passing through the fabric 27, or passing through the member 26. Or this layer of powder makes it possible to cover an irritated area. This powder can be an agent with therapeutic virtues. For example, this agent may be a healing agent, or an antiseptic agent, a hemostatic agent, an antiviral agent or the like.

  The cannula 2, the chamber 3, the bulb 4 and the means for maintaining 5, according to the invention, are described in more detail below.

  In particular, the cannula 2 has a length L measured along the cannula 2 between the inlet orifice 8 and the outlet orifice 9 and may vary depending on the location where it is desired to spray. In one example, the cannula 2 has two different lengths.

  The cannula 2 is preferably made of rigid material. The cannula may be placed through the trocar 22 during the endoscopic surgical procedure, or through the slit 44 formed through the skin of the living being during the bloody external surgical procedure.

  During endoscopic surgical procedures, the cannula is therefore intended to be introduced into the trocar 22. Then, the bulb is compressed to spray the powder on a surface inside the body. More precisely, the trocar 22 is a hollow cylindrical instrument intended to pass through the skin 25 of the living being. This trocar delimits a channel 34 through which the cannula 2 penetrates. The channel 34 delimits a wall 43 against which the cannula 2 can be made to rest to facilitate an orientation of this same cannula 2, depending specifically on where the user wishes to cover the surface to be sprayed. This is why the cannula 2 is preferably made of rigid material so that it does not bend or bend when the cannula is introduced into the trocar 22 and when the cannula is oriented while placing it in abutment against the wall 43 of the trocar.

  During this same intervention endoscopically, a manipulation cavity 24 inside the body of the living being can be enlarged to facilitate manipulation of the cannula or manipulation instruments. The cavity 24 is a space delimited between the skin 25 and the member 26. This cavity 24 is enlarged by artificially inflating the cavity 24 with a sterile medical gas. Since the manipulation cavity 24 is artificially inflated with gas, a diameter 35 is adjusted. of the cannula to an internal diameter 36 of the channel to ensure a seal of the channel vis-à-vis the gas contained in the cavity 24. It is intended to prevent the gas from leaving the cavity 24 between the cannula 2 and the channel 34 trocar 22 by making a diameter of the cannula slightly smaller than a diameter 36 of the trocar canal. In one example, the cannula has a diameter of 5.25 millimeters and the channel has a diameter of 5.5 millimeters. To prevent the gas from leaving the cavity 24, a sealing valve (not shown) forming part of the trocar is also provided to be placed between the channel and the cannula so as to ensure that the trocar is sealed against the In a variant, the cannula may be hollowed out with at least one at least partially peripheral crown. This ring is intended to fit into a projection 39 formed by the channel wall, the projection having a shape adapting to a shape of the crown. The cannula can thus be locked in a desired position when the crown is recessed with the projection. The user of the device can thus block the cannula to a desired depth in the body without the risk of slipping or pushing the cannula deeper into the cavity 24. Preferably, the cannula has a plurality of crowns, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.

  When performing a bloody surgery externally, it is sufficient to just insert the cannula through the slot 44 and spray the injured surface with powder by squeezing the bulb.

  The inlet end 6 of the cannula is in a preferred example folded at a right angle to the outlet end 7.

  As regards the turbulence chamber 3, it can form, in a preferred example, a container of elongate shape along an axis of elongation 11 of this same turbulence chamber. This elongate container may form, for example, a test tube. Such elongated shape facilitates guiding the powder particles towards the cannula.

  Concerning the bulb 4, it is connected to the turbulence chamber 3 via an elongated duct 13 which is partially introduced into the turbulence chamber 3. The duct 13 is more deeply introduced into the turbulence chamber than the is the cannula 2. The compression of the bulb 4 causes a breath of air which is thus directed to the chamber 3 passing through the conduit 13. The circuit taken by the air expelled by the pear is represented by arrows in the duct 13, in the chamber 3 and in the cannula 2, FIG.

  The pear 4 is made such that after compression of the same pear, at least a portion of the powder 10 located in the chamber 3 is expelled from the device for at least partially covering the surface to be covered. As previously mentioned, the powder which is expelled from the device via this pear may correspond to an amount necessary to cover the surface to be covered. In this case, the compression of the pear can be done in a single application. Or the powder that is expelled from the device through this pear may correspond to a portion of the amount necessary to cover the surface to be covered. In this case, the pear is compressed following several applications.

  This bulb 4 is provided at one end remote from the chamber 3 with a non-return valve 45. The conduit 13 has a first end 14 connected to the bulb 4 along the axis of extension 12 of the bulb 4 and a second end 15 housed in the turbulence chamber along the axis of elongation 11 of the turbulence chamber 3. The conduit 13 is thus placed in the turbulence chamber 3 so that the first end 14 is removed from the powder 10 then that the second end 15 is close to the powder 10.

  The second end 15 of the duct is preferably immersed in the powder 10 so that the powder does not remain stuck to the bottom 20 of the turbulence chamber 3 when the air blast enters the turbulence chamber 3. The second end 15 of the duct 13 is preferably immersed in the powder 10 so that the air blast generated by the compressed pear causes the whole of the particles forming the powder 10 to rise relative to the bottom 20 of the turbulence chamber 3.

  The lifting of the particles forming the powder 10 is represented by small dots distributed throughout the chamber FIG.

  To facilitate and guide the movement of the powder particles in the chamber 3, the second end is curved so as to promote turbulence inside the chamber. This second end can be bent in all directions. In one example (not shown), the second end is bent perpendicularly to the axis 11 of elongation of the chamber 3. Or, the second end is bent of the conduit 13 is preferably curved towards the inlet port 8 of the cannula 2. Being bent towards the cannula 2, the second end 15 advantageously provides, with the aid of the air current generated by the pear, an orientation of the powder particles in the direction of the inlet orifice 8 of the cannula 2.

  The means 5 for holding the cannula 2 and the bulb 4 to the chamber may be formed by a holding shell 5, FIGS. 1 and 2. The cannula 2 and the bulb 4 are fixedly connected to the chamber via this holding shell 5. The holding shell 5 partially surrounds the cannula 2 and the bulb 4 so as to rigidly hold the cannula 2 and the bulb 4 to the turbulence chamber 3.

  Figure 2 shows a cross section of a holding shell 5 according to the invention. The holding shell 5 may be made of plastic or metal. The holding shell 5 comprises a first generally hollow bulky portion 16 and a second flat portion 17. The first portion 16 has a hollow shape fitting a shape of a portion of the cannula 2 and the duct 13.

  This first hollow portion 16 is intended to receive at a first location 31 the first inlet end 6 of the cannula. This first end 6 of the cannula exits at a second location 32 of the first bulky part of the shell to fit into the turbulence chamber 3. The first part 16 of the hull also receives at a third location 33 of the hull. first end 14 of the duct 13 from the bulb 4 to the second location 32 through which the duct 13 enters the turbulence chamber 3.

  The second flat portion 17 of the shell partially overlaps the pear 4 longitudinally with respect to the axis of elongation 12 of this same pear. This second flat portion 17 has a shape adapting to a shape of the pear so as to obtain according to the invention an ergonomic operating device. This second part partially covers the bulb 4 so that a palm (not shown) of the user's hand is placed against this second part while not interfering with the compression of the pear by the hand of the same user.

  This shell 5 is made in a generally rounded shape to avoid damaging objects or to avoid tearing plastic gloves worn by a user of such a device according to the invention.

  The shell 5 is hermetically sealed from the outside environment via a first O-ring 18 and via a second O-ring 19. The first seal 18 is interposed between the first location 31 of the shell 5 through which penetrates the cannula 2 in the shell and the cannula 2. The second O-ring 19 is interposed between the turbulence chamber 3 and the second location 32 of the shell 5 through which the cannula 2 and the conduit 13 penetrate.

  The first O-ring 18 can hold the cannula to the hull or vice versa. The second seal 19 makes it possible to retain the shell to the chamber or vice versa. The second seal also ensures a seal against the air contained in the chamber 3.

  The pear 4 is made of a material to ensure a hermetic connection with the conduit and with the shell. The second part of the shell and the pear are made in such a way that the pear 4 is held hermetically to the shell 5 while partially enclosing it. The pear 4 is made such that after compression of the same bulb 4 by the user at least a portion of the powder placed in the chamber 3 and corresponding to an amount necessary to cover the surface to be covered is sprayed and covers the damaged area 27, 28, 29. In addition, as previously mentioned, the bulb 4 is provided at one end remote from the chamber 3 of a non-return valve 45.

  To prevent some of the powder particles from possibly escaping into the hollow part of the shell 5 during the movement of the powder particles by the pear, the chamber 3 may be covered with a film or cap. This film 30 may be provided to be pierced hermetically by the cannula 2 and the conduit 13 while ensuring that the air contained in the chamber does not escape to the hollow part of the shell but only through the cannula 2. By covering the chamber with this film, the powder particles are advantageously directed efficiently towards the cannula. This film can be made of material from a mixture of aluminum and polyethylene (or Alu / PE).

  This film has, in addition, the advantage of forming a barrier against moisture inside the turbulence chamber.

  To facilitate ambidextrous, unisex and ergonomic handling of this spraying device according to the invention, the bulb 4 is spaced from the turbulence chamber 3 by a determined angle 21. This angle 21 is formed between the axis of elongation 11 of the turbulence chamber 3 and the axis of elongation 12 of the bulb 4. To do this, the first end 14 of the duct 13 can be folded relative to the second end 15 of the same duct at this angle. In a preferred example of the invention, this angle is about 38. But the value of this angle could be less than or greater than 38 and varies according to optimal ergonomics that takes into account the sex and ambidexterity of the user.

  This device can be disassembled for repeated use. Between each use, sterilization of the cannula, pear, chamber, shell and duct may be provided. Between each use and to supplement a quantity of powder to be sprayed, it can be expected to disassemble the empty chamber to place another filled with powder instead. Or this device can be removable for a single use.

  In the case of a single use, it can be provided that only the chamber or only the cannula will be removable. Or, in this same case of single use, it can be expected that only the chamber and the cannula will be removable.

  Alternatively, the cannula 2 may be formed by a first tube 46 and a second tube 47, the first first tube 46 being close to the turbulence chamber. The first tube 46 extends from the turbulence chamber 3 to the first O-ring 18. The second tube 47 extends from the first O-ring 18 towards the outlet port 9. The first tube 46 and the second tube 47 are connected by interlocking one into the other. To do this, one of the two tubes has a diameter slightly smaller than a diameter of the other tube. In the example 1, the first tube has a diameter smaller than that of the second tube.

  The tightness between these two tubes is ensured by the first seal which is placed between the first tube and the second tube at a place where the interlocking takes place. In the case of a single use of the spraying device, we can then advantageously remove only the second tube 47 to replace it with another second tube while sealing between the two tubes through the first O-ring.

  The amount of powder that is desired to be sprayed and the area of tissue to be sprayed is dependent on the volume formed by the pear.

  As a variant, FIG. 2 may also represent a holding half-shell such as 40. Indeed, the shell 5 may be formed following a meeting of a first half-shell such as 40 and a second half-shell (no shown), the second half-shell having a shape complementary to a shape of the first half-shell. The first half-shell and the second half-shell fit together with each other while trapping the cannula 2 and the conduit 13 by means of fasteners. These fixing means may be glue or a system of embedding by complementarity of the first half-shell in the second shell.

  Other means than the first O-ring can hold the cannula to the hull. For example, the second tube 47 of the cannula may comprise a first collar 48 placed outside the shell preventing the second tube from sliding completely through the trocar when the second tube has possibly been badly fitted to the first tube.

  Or, in the case of a removable shell, it is possible to place a second flange 49 on the second tube, intended to bear against walls of the shell to prevent the second tube from detaching from the first tube and slide through the trocar into the cavity 24.

2863503 44

Claims (8)

  1 - Device for spraying (1) a powder (10) comprising - at least one spray cannula (2), - at least one turbulence chamber (3) containing the powder to be sprayed, - at least one pear (4) ), the cannula and the pear communicating with the chamber, and - at least one means (5) for fixedly holding the cannula and the pear to the chamber, characterized in that lo - the pear is connected to the chamber by at least one conduit (13) partially penetrating the turbulence chamber, and - the powder is propelled through the cannula to be sprayed onto a surface (27, 28, 29) to be coated after creating turbulence within the chamber through a compression of the pear via the conduit, the turbulence causing a displacement of the particles of the same powder from the chamber towards the cannula.   2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cannula is rigid.   3 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the cannula and the pear are fixedly connected to the chamber via at least one holding shell (5).   4 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conduit is preferably immersed in the powder.   - Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conduit is bent to promote turbulence inside the chamber.   6 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conduit is bent in the direction of the cannula.   7 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that 30o the turbulence chamber forms an elongated container along an axis of elongation (11).   8 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pear is spaced from the chamber at an angle (21) measured between an axis of elongation (12) of the pear and an axis of elongation ( 11) the room needed for unisex, ambidextrous and ergonomic use.   9 - Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the pear is spaced from the chamber at an angle of about 38.