FR2857997A1 - Solar energy absorbing device for building, has two profiled parallel bars to move solar sensors near walls of building on either sides of walls according to sunlight - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has solar sensors (4), sensor supports (3) and a chain for moving the sensors. Two profiled parallel bars (5) move the sensors in a circle near walls of a building (1) on either sides of the walls according to sunlight. The building is defined by a volume limited by a cylinder-conical surface and inclined towards hemispheric north.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for capturing energy

solar

  incident on a building and a type of building particularly suitable for receiving the device. The device makes it possible to position solar collectors in order to optimize their exposure to the sun's rays. It can adapt to various forms of building both on the roof, and on walls, terraces or glass roofs.

  Existing devices are generally sensors intended to be affixed to a roof or a wall. Most of these devices are fixed, some are adjustable. These devices have certain defects: the need to affix the sensors on a well oriented wall; The limited duration of sunshine, which for a vertical wall is twelve hours maximum; the difficulty of enjoying, for the entire duration of sunshine, a suitable incidence of solar rays on the sensors; the difficulty of avoiding certain periods of the day when the sensors can be in the shade. However, there is a device that adapts to a semi-spherical building, and that captures the solar radiation with optimal incidence, but the lack of this type of device is that it is necessary to have a building of 'a very particular form.

  The device according to the invention makes it possible to remedy these defects. It can make it possible to move the sensors in the sunny areas of a building according to the period of the day, it thus makes it possible to increase the production time of the sensors, especially in the period when the duration of sunshine is important, so it allows to 'increase the production of sensors. It makes it possible to avoid shaded areas and in particular to avoid certain shadows caused by other sensors. It can adapt to various forms of building, wall, roof, terrace, or glazed walls.

  The device is characterized in that it is composed mainly of a building, solar collectors, their supports and means for moving the sensors, and means for guiding the movement, characterized in that it allows make a movement that is near the walls of the building. This movement makes it possible to seek an optimum positioning of the sensors in relation to the sunshine of the moment, and of the place. The means for guiding the movement of the sensors can be made with known means, and can be particularly realized using slides whose shape is adapted to both the shape of the building and the desired movement. The moving means can be made using any known means: motor assembly, rotating a drive device (rack or wheel type wheel, or roller ...); engine and chain assembly or belts; motor cable assembly; or any known conveyor device. The device can be adapted to various forms of conventional buildings, but is particularly adapted to be used to equip a building characterized by a cylindrical-conical shape that can preferably be inclined towards the north (in the northern hemisphere or to the south in the southern hemisphere) at an angle between the meridian of the place and its axis near the latitude of the place. This shape may be a volume limited by a cylindro-conical surface and planar surfaces. The device can work with photovoltaic sensors for the production of electricity. The mechanical guidance means of the sensors may have the function of conducting electricity from the sensors.

  According to particular embodiments: The building may be defined by a volume limited in part by a cylindro-conical surface. In this case the movement of the sensors may be an arc or a circle, made using circular or semicircular slides. In addition, the sensor supports can be equipped to vary the inclination of the sensors.

  The building may be defined by a volume limited in part by a surface inclined to the north (in the northern hemisphere or to the south in the southern hemisphere) at an angle between the meridian of the place and the axis of the cylindrical shape. -conic near the latitude of the place.

  In this optimal configuration the sensors can be inclined according to the slope of the building wall.

  The building may be defined by a cylindrical-conical volume that can preferably be tilted to the north (in the northern hemisphere or southward in the southern hemisphere) at an angle between the meridian of the place and the axis of the cylindrical shape. -conic near the latitude of the place, as well as by surfaces. These surfaces may be preferably: the ground contacting surface, a horizontal planar surface defining the upper boundary, two lateral plane surfaces (East and West) and a surface to define the northern boundary (in the northern hemisphere).

  To move the sensors, the means used are known conveying or moving means.

  The guiding means can be achieved by means of slides fixed on the building, which make it possible to produce kinematics of the sensors adapted to the configuration of the building and the sensors. The sensors can be moved using one or more cables, chains or belts whose movement can be guided by means of pulleys or toothed wheels. It is possible that the sensors perform part of their stroke by gravity.

  The guide means may be in a horizontal, vertical, or inclined plane, or in a variety of areas. Depending on the configuration of the device, it is also possible that the guide means deviates locally from the building, and is supported by a specific means added near the building.

  The sensors can be connected to each other to form one or more chains to allow coordinated sensor movement.

  Some sensor supports may be equipped to perform sensor orientation movement to further enhance the incidence of solar radiation.

  For a set of sensors it is possible to perform a variable inclination of the sensors using a dual guide means. The device can operate in the case where the sensors rest on the two parts of the double guide. For example, the variable spacing or the variable positioning between the two parts of the double guide can make it possible to carry out the variable inclination of sensors. In this case, the inclination of these sensors is a function of the position of the sensors on the path they must perform. The device may be constructed to permit relative movement of sensors to prevent certain sensors from shading other sensors.

  The device can be made to allow a movement of the sensors to modulate the solar flux at certain openings of a building.

  This movement can be achieved by moving the slide.

  This movement can be achieved by equipping the supports of the sensors so as to achieve the movement.

  This movement can be achieved by moving sensors on the slide.

  The movement of the sensors can be performed outside or inside a building.

  In order to take advantage of the solar radiation, the movement of the sensors located inside a building can preferably be carried out near a glass surface. The advantage of this embodiment of the device is to protect the sensors from possible weather, but also to recover the heat diffused by the sensors (in the case of photovoltaic sensors for example).

  The device can be supplemented so that the sensors can be moved from the inside to the outside (or from the outside to the inside) of the building as needed. The guide means may consist of one or more profiled bars provided with supports attached to the building or supports fixed to the ground.

  The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention, and show several particular embodiments of the device. On each of these views, with reference to these drawings and according to the views, the device comprises a building (1), provided with external walls (2), solar collectors (4) provided with their support (3), arranged on guiding means (5).

  Figure 1 shows 3 schematic general views of a device adapted to a building (1) in the form of a round section close to a square. Each view corresponding to a period of the day, with different positioning of the sensors (4). The device is composed of guiding means (51 fixed to the walls (2) of the building (1) on which the sensors (4) arranged in a chain move, the displacement being carried out in a horizontal plane. sensors (4) are equipped to allow a variable inclination according to the incidence of the solar flux Each of the views represents a position of the sensors (4) according to a period of the day.

  Figure 2.1 shows the schematic view of a device adapted to a tower-shaped building (1) of cylindrical shape with a vertical axis. The sensors (4) are arranged in a vertical plane. The movement of the sensors (4) chain is in a circle. In this case it is possible that the links (6) (not shown) between sensors (4) are rigid or that they are supported by a single rigid support (3) (not shown).

  Figure 2.2 shows a device for which the sensors (4) are positioned differently, all being arranged in the same direction, whose incLination with respect to the horizontal plane can be variable. Figure 2.3 shows a detail of view 2.1.

  Figure 3.1 shows the device applied to a building (1) of suitable shape, built on the basis of an inclined cylinder.

  Figure 3.2 shows the same device at another time of day, the sensors having a different position.

  Figures 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 show a device applied to a roof, constructed with two walls (2) inclined, according to different periods of the day. This type of device is applicable to a roof whose walls (2) are inclined to the east and west. The device shown is equipped with two guide means 15) for circulating the sensors (4) on one or the other of the walls 12) according to the sun.

  In FIG. 5, the device shown is designed to equip a glazed wall (2) of a building [1), wall (21), the elements of which are arranged in part in a cylinder.

  FIGS. 6.1 and 6.1 partially show the device in section, in two periods of the day, in a configuration comparable to that of FIG. 5, in a configuration such that the sensors [4) are movable on a portion of a cylinder, inside the glazed space (9) and near the glass walls (2). The sensors (4) are fixed on a support (3) which is rotatable.

  Figures 7.1 and 7.2 partially show the device in section, in a configuration comparable to that of Figure 5, in a configuration such that the sensors (4) are movable on a cylinder part and can be arranged inside (Fig 7.1) or outside the glazed area (9), with the ability to easily switch from one configuration to another. Figure 7.2 shows the device in a configuration such that the sensors (4), interconnected by a link (6) articulated pass between the inside and outside of the glass space (9). In this device there is an inner guide means (5bl an outer guide means (5a) and a guide means 5c for passing the sensors (4) between the inside and the outside of the glazed space ( In order to achieve this passage, an opening (8) is arranged in the wall (2), Figures 8.1 and 8.2 partially show the device in a configuration such that the sensors (4) are arranged either inside or either outside the glazed space [9], with the ability to easily switch from one configuration to another. Figure 8.2 shows a side view of Figure 8.1. In this case the guide means (5) are double, and each part is disposed on either side of the sensors (4). Although not shown in this configuration, the outer guide means may be arranged differently so as to prevent the external guide means 15) from shading the sensors (4) arranged in the glazed space (9). . For this purpose a solution consists in further increasing the spacing between the two parts of the outer double guide relative to the inner guide means (5). For this, the supports (3) can be deformable, or slide laterally in the guide means (5).

  FIGS. 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3 show sensors (4) equipped with a support (3) adapted to a device whose guidance is double so as to achieve a variable incLination of the sensors (41 according to the spacing of the two parts of the guide This configuration is particularly suitable in the case where two guide means [5) are arranged on either side of a glazed wall (2). One of the advantages is that the guide means (5) outside can be made with a larger spacing so as not to shade the sensors (4) disposed within the glazed space (9).

  In these figures, two parallel profiled bars (5), provided with supports, make up the guide means (5). The displacement of the supports (3) of the sensors (4) in areas where the bars (5) are further apart makes it possible to obtain an inclination (angle between the surface of the sensor (4) and the larger vertical). the side view of a set in a low inclination situation (close bars), Figure 9.2 shows the side view of a situation in which the inclination is large (bars apart) Figure 9.3 shows a perspective view , on which one can distinguish the 3 main parts of the support (3) The connection with the lower bar (3.11 sliding in the upper part (3.2) of the support (3) supporting the sensor (41. The connecting rods (3.3) modify the inclination of the sensors (4) according to the positioning of the part 3.1 in the part 3.2 of the support (3) The means of movement is not shown, it may simply be a motor fixed on the support (3) rotating one or more wheels in contact with a bar. The positioning of the supports, can be controlled by various existing means, such as the establishment of benchmarks [bar codes, magnetic markers, electrical contactors ...] for defining the different positions of the panels along their path. In this configuration the control of the supports [3) can be remotely controlled. If the device is provided with sensors (4) generating electric current, the bars (51 can simultaneously act as an electrical conductor, and the role of guiding means [5) of the supports 13), and possibly the role of conduction of the control signal of the supports (3).

Claims (19)

  1) device consisting mainly of a building (1), solar sensors (4), their supports (3) and means for moving sensors (4), and guide means (5) of the movement characterized in that it enables a movement which is located near the walls (2) of the building (1) and which makes it possible to achieve an optimum positioning of the sensors (4) with respect to the sunshine of the moment, and the Location.   2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the building (1) is defined by a volume limited in part by a cylindroconic surface.   3) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the building (1V is defined by a volume limited in part by a cylindroconic surface, inclined to the north (in the northern hemisphere or south in the southern hemisphere) according to an angle between its axis and the meridian of the place close to the latitude of the place.   4) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the building (1) is defined by a volume limited by a cylindro-conical surface, inclined towards the north (in the northern hemisphere or southward in the southern hemisphere ) at an angle between its axis and the meridian of the place near the latitude of the place, as well as by plans.   5) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide means (5) is made using slides fixed on the building (1).   6) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that sensors (4) can be connected to each other to allow a coordinated movement of sensors (4).   7) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the supports (3) of sensors (4) can be equipped to perform an orientation movement of the sensors (4).   8) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the guiding means (5) is double so as to enable the variable orientation of the sensors (4) to be realized.   9) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it is equipped to allow for a relative movement of sensors (4) to prevent certain sensors (4) can make shade in other sensors (4).   10) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it allows a movement of the sensors [4) for modulating the solar flux at certain openings of the building (1).   11) Device according to claim 10 characterized in that the movement of the sensors (4) for modulating the solar flux at certain openings of the building (1) is achieved by a displacement of their supports (3).   12) Device according to claim 10 characterized in that the movement of the sensors (4) for modulating the solar flux at certain openings of the building is achieved by equipping the supports (3) sensors (4) so as to achieve the movement.   13) Device according to claim 10 characterized in that the movement of the sensors (4) for modulating the solar flux at certain openings of the building is achieved by a displacement of sensors (4) on their supports (3).   14) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it allows for a movement of the sensors (4) inside the building (1).   15) Device according to claim 14 characterized in that the movement of the sensors (4) is formed inside a glazed surface.   16) Device according to claim 14 or 15 characterized in that it moves the sensors (4) between the inside and outside of the building (1) as required.   17) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the guide means (5) of the sensors consists of two profiled bars.   18) Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the spacing between the profiled bars is a means of varying the inclination of the sensors (4).   19) Device according to claim 16 and according to claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the spacing between the profiled bars (5) is a means of preventing the outer bars from shading the sensors (4). ) located inside.