FR2857627A1 - Power train functioning controlling device for hybrid vehicle, has controller to distribute respective torques of electrical and thermal engines according to load state of power battery of electrical engine - Google Patents
Power train functioning controlling device for hybrid vehicle, has controller to distribute respective torques of electrical and thermal engines according to load state of power battery of electrical engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2857627A1 FR2857627A1 FR0308778A FR0308778A FR2857627A1 FR 2857627 A1 FR2857627 A1 FR 2857627A1 FR 0308778 A FR0308778 A FR 0308778A FR 0308778 A FR0308778 A FR 0308778A FR 2857627 A1 FR2857627 A1 FR 2857627A1
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- Prior art keywords
- controller
- charge
- battery
- engine
- state
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
- B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
- B60W2510/244—Charge state
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte au fonctionnement du groupe motoThe present invention relates to the operation of the motorcycle group
propulseur d'un véhicule hybride, plus précisément sur la maîtrise des transitoires de charges pour réduire les émissions polluantes (CO, HC, Nox et particules) du moteur thermique, réduire le bruit et les vibrations et améliorer l'agrément du conducteur. Propulsion of a hybrid vehicle, specifically on the control of charge transients to reduce the emission of pollutants (CO, HC, Nox and particles) of the engine, reduce noise and vibrations and improve the driver's pleasure.
L'EP-1 182 074 A2 décrit un véhicule hybride dans lequel lors des démarrages à froid ou des transitoires de couples, le moteur électrique fournit un couple pour assister le moteur thermique. Le contrôleur du moteur électrique diminue graduellement le couple du moteur électrique pour que le contrôleur du 10 moteur thermique augmente lentement le couple du moteur thermique ce qui a pour but de réduire les émissions. EP-1 182 074 A2 describes a hybrid vehicle in which during cold starts or torque transients, the electric motor provides a torque to assist the engine. The electric motor controller gradually decreases the torque of the electric motor for the heat engine controller to slowly increase the torque of the engine, which is intended to reduce emissions.
Ce dispositif ne précise pas la manière de limiter les transitoires de couple, notamment en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie d'alimentation du moteur électrique. This device does not specify how to limit the torque transients, in particular depending on the state of charge of the electric motor battery.
L'EP-830 968 A1 décrit un véhicule hybride dans lequel l'assistance du moteur'électrique lors des changements de couples demandés par le conducteur autorise le moteur thermique à changer rapidement de régime de rotation en suivant des points de fonctionnement minimisant la consommation, les émissions et le bruit, sans que la puissance varie fortement. EP-830 968 A1 discloses a hybrid vehicle in which the assistance of the electric motor during torque changes requested by the driver allows the engine to quickly change the speed of rotation by following operating points minimizing consumption, emissions and noise, without the power varies greatly.
Ce dispositif nécessite pour le fonctionnement du moteur thermique, des cartographies optimisées sur la consommation, les émissions et la génération de bruit. Le critère des changements se base sur ces cartographies. Des changements rapides de régimes du moteur thermique entraînent une génération de bruit. This device requires for the operation of the engine, optimized maps on consumption, emissions and noise generation. The criterion of change is based on these maps. Rapid changes in engine speeds cause noise generation.
De plus, ce dispositif ne prend pas en compte l'état de charge de la batterie. In addition, this device does not take into account the state of charge of the battery.
L'invention propose de réduire les émissions polluantes (HC, CO, Nox et particules), le bruit lors des variations de charges du moteur thermique dans les phases transitoires d'accélération du véhicule hybride en tenant compte de l'état 30 de charge de la batterie, sans utilisation de cartographies spécifiques et sans augmenter rapidement le régime de rotation du moteur thermique. The invention proposes to reduce the polluting emissions (HC, CO, NOx and particles), the noise during the engine load variations in the transient acceleration phases of the hybrid vehicle taking into account the state of charge of the vehicle. the battery, without the use of specific maps and without rapidly increasing the rotational speed of the engine.
Suivant l'invention, le dispositif pour contrôler le fonctionnement du groupe moto propulseur d'un véhicule hybride, comprenant un moteur électrique accouplé à un moteur thermique de sorte que les couples exercés par ces deux moteurs 35 s'additionnent, le dispositif comprenant un contrôleur adapté pour contrôler le couple exercé par chacun des deux moteurs lorsqu'une augmentation de charge est demandée par le conducteur du véhicule, caractérisé en ce que le contrôleur est adapté pour répartir les couples respectifs des deux moteurs en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie d'alimentation du moteur électrique. According to the invention, the device for controlling the operation of the powertrain of a hybrid vehicle, comprising an electric motor coupled to a heat engine so that the torques exerted by these two motors 35 add up, the device comprising a controller adapted to control the torque exerted by each of the two engines when a load increase is requested by the driver of the vehicle, characterized in that the controller is adapted to distribute the respective torques of the two motors as a function of the state of charge of the vehicle. the power supply battery of the electric motor.
De préférence, le contrôleur est adapté pour limiter l'augmentation de charge sur le moteur thermique en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie. Preferably, the controller is adapted to limit the increase in load on the engine according to the state of charge of the battery.
Plus précisément, le contrôleur est adapté pour limiter la variation de charge sur le moteur thermique à une valeur plus faible lorsque l'état de charge de la batterie est élevé et inversement à une valeur plus élevée lorsque cet état de 10 charge est plus faible. More specifically, the controller is adapted to limit the load variation on the thermal engine to a lower value when the state of charge of the battery is high and conversely to a higher value when this state of charge is lower.
Ce dispositif permet dans tous les cas de limiter les émissions polluantes et le bruit du moteur thermique, sans augmenter sa consommation de carburant. This device allows in all cases to limit the polluting emissions and the noise of the engine, without increasing its fuel consumption.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in
la description ci-après.the description below.
Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs: Les figures 1 à 4 sont des schémas montrant différentes configurations possibles du groupe moto propulseur d'un véhicule hybride. In the accompanying drawings given by way of non-limiting examples: Figures 1 to 4 are diagrams showing different possible configurations of the powertrain of a hybrid vehicle.
La figure 5 est un organigramme montrant le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention, La figure 6 est une courbe montrant l'évolution de la charge maximale appliquée sur le moteur thermique en fonction de la charge de la batterie. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the device according to the invention; FIG. 6 is a curve showing the evolution of the maximum load applied to the heat engine as a function of the charge of the battery.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, le moteur électrique 1 est compris entre le moteur thermique 2 et la boîte de vitesses 3. Un seul embrayage 4 est disposé entre le moteur électrique 1 et la boîte de vitesses 3. Le moteur électrique 1 25 présente les fonctions de démarreur et d'alternateur pour recharger la batterie d'alimentation du moteur électrique 1. In the example of Figure 1, the electric motor 1 is between the engine 2 and the gearbox 3. A single clutch 4 is disposed between the electric motor 1 and the gearbox 3. The electric motor 1 25 features the starter and alternator functions to recharge the electric motor battery 1.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, le groupe moto propulseur comporte deux embrayages 4, 5 disposés de part et d'autre du moteur électrique 1. In the example of FIG. 2, the powertrain comprises two clutches 4, 5 arranged on either side of the electric motor 1.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 3, le moteur électrique 6 est séparé du moteur 30 thermique 2 et de la boîte de vitesse 3. Le moteur électrique 6 est relié à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique 2 par une transmission à poulies et courroie crantée ou autre. Dans le cas de la figure 3, un seul embrayage 4 est prévu. In the example of FIG. 3, the electric motor 6 is separated from the heat engine 2 and the gearbox 3. The electric motor 6 is connected to the output shaft of the heat engine 2 by a pulley transmission and toothed belt or other. In the case of Figure 3, a single clutch 4 is provided.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 4, la disposition du moteur électrique 6 est identique à celle de la figure 3. Cependant; deux embrayages 4, 5 sont prévus. In the example of Figure 4, the arrangement of the electric motor 6 is identical to that of Figure 3. However; two clutches 4, 5 are provided.
Dans les exemples ci-dessus, l'état de charge de la batterie qui alimente le moteur électrique 1 varie constamment et cette batterie est rechargée lorsque le moteur électrique 1 fonctionne en alternateur par exemple lors des ralentissements du véhicule. In the examples above, the state of charge of the battery that powers the electric motor 1 varies constantly and this battery is recharged when the electric motor 1 operates alternately, for example during vehicle slowdowns.
Lors du fonctionnement du groupe moto propulseur les couples exercés par les deux moteurs s'additionnent. During operation of the powertrain group the torque exerted by the two engines add up.
Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend un contrôleur adapté pour contrôler le couple exercé par chacun des deux moteurs lorsqu'une augmentation de charge est demandée par le conducteur du véhicule. The device according to the invention comprises a controller adapted to control the torque exerted by each of the two engines when a load increase is requested by the driver of the vehicle.
Conformément à l'invention, le contrôleur est adapté pour répartir les couples respectifs des deux moteurs en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie 10 d'alimentation du moteur électrique 1 ou 6. According to the invention, the controller is adapted to distribute the respective torques of the two motors according to the state of charge of the battery 10 for supplying the electric motor 1 or 6.
De façon plus précise, le contrôleur est adapté pour limiter l'augmentation de charge sur le moteur thermique 2 en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie. More precisely, the controller is adapted to limit the increase in load on the heat engine 2 as a function of the state of charge of the battery.
Plus précisément, le contrôleur est adapté pour limiter la variation de charge sur le moteur thermique 2 à une valeur plus faible lorsque l'état de charge 15 de la batterie est élevé et inversement à une valeur plus élevée lorsque cet état de charge est plus faible. More specifically, the controller is adapted to limit the variation of load on the heat engine 2 to a lower value when the state of charge 15 of the battery is high and conversely to a higher value when this state of charge is lower .
Comme représenté sur la figure 5, le contrôleur est adapté pour calculer en permanence le point de fonctionnement idéal du moteur thermique 2 en fonction de la vitesse du véhicule, déterminer en permanence l'état de charge de la 20 batterie, enregistrer une demande de variation du couple des moteurs par le conducteur, évaluer la variation de charge correspondante, calculer la variation de charge maximale admissible sur le moteur thermique en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie et déterminer le meilleur point de fonctionnement du moteur thermique afin de limiter les émissions polluantes, le bruit, les vibrations, sans 25 augmenter la consommation de carburant. As shown in FIG. 5, the controller is adapted to continuously calculate the ideal operating point of the heat engine 2 as a function of the speed of the vehicle, to constantly determine the state of charge of the battery, to record a request for variation the torque of the engines by the driver, evaluate the corresponding load variation, calculate the maximum allowable load variation on the engine according to the state of charge of the battery and determine the best operating point of the engine to limit polluting emissions, noise, vibrations, without increasing fuel consumption.
La figure 6 montre à titre d'exemple l'évolution de la variation maximale de la charge (d PME / dt max) du moteur thermique en fonction de la charge de la batterie. Dans cet exemple cette évolution est linéaire. Elle pourrait cependant être non linéaire. Figure 6 shows by way of example the evolution of the maximum variation of the load (d SME / dt max) of the engine as a function of the charge of the battery. In this example this evolution is linear. It could however be non-linear.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0308778A FR2857627B1 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF THE MOTOR PROPELLER GROUP OF A HYBRID VEHICLE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0308778A FR2857627B1 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF THE MOTOR PROPELLER GROUP OF A HYBRID VEHICLE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2857627A1 true FR2857627A1 (en) | 2005-01-21 |
FR2857627B1 FR2857627B1 (en) | 2006-03-03 |
Family
ID=33548238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR0308778A Expired - Lifetime FR2857627B1 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF THE MOTOR PROPELLER GROUP OF A HYBRID VEHICLE |
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FR (1) | FR2857627B1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0830968A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 | 1998-03-25 | SMH Management Services AG | Method for operating a not track bound hybrid vehicle |
EP0901930A1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Controlling apparatus for a hybrid car |
EP1182074A2 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method of operating a hybrid electric vehicle to reduce emissions |
US20020065165A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-30 | Anders Lasson | Method and arrangement in a hybrid vehicle for maximizing efficiency by operating the engine at sub-optimum conditions |
US20020107618A1 (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control device and control method for hybrid vehicle |
EP1302353A2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control device and control method for hybrid vehicle |
-
2003
- 2003-07-18 FR FR0308778A patent/FR2857627B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0830968A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 | 1998-03-25 | SMH Management Services AG | Method for operating a not track bound hybrid vehicle |
EP0901930A1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Controlling apparatus for a hybrid car |
EP1182074A2 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method of operating a hybrid electric vehicle to reduce emissions |
US20020065165A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-30 | Anders Lasson | Method and arrangement in a hybrid vehicle for maximizing efficiency by operating the engine at sub-optimum conditions |
US20020107618A1 (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control device and control method for hybrid vehicle |
EP1302353A2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control device and control method for hybrid vehicle |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2857627B1 (en) | 2006-03-03 |
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