FR2845581A1 - Frame for making furniture or buildings is made up of units in shape of pyramids with a diamond-shaped base whose summits may point up or down - Google Patents
Frame for making furniture or buildings is made up of units in shape of pyramids with a diamond-shaped base whose summits may point up or down Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2845581A1 FR2845581A1 FR0212888A FR0212888A FR2845581A1 FR 2845581 A1 FR2845581 A1 FR 2845581A1 FR 0212888 A FR0212888 A FR 0212888A FR 0212888 A FR0212888 A FR 0212888A FR 2845581 A1 FR2845581 A1 FR 2845581A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- modules
- diamond
- vertices
- model
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
- E04B1/3449—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts with living hinge
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/199—Details of roofs, floors or walls supported by the framework
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1 La présente invention porte sur un modèle structurel permettant la- 1 The present invention relates to a structural model allowing the
réalisation de structures à formes variables à partir d'éléments constructifs standard. La géométrie de ce modèle trouve des applications dans le domaine du mobilier, mais aussi et principalement dans le domaine de la construction, en permettant la création d'architectures aux formes complexes à partir de modules constructifs standardisés. Les éléments structurels (tels que: charpentes, voiles porteurs...) ne peuvent, traditionnellement, épouser des formes complexes qu'au prix du dessin spécifique de chaque élément constituant ces objets/structures. Ceci entraîne généralement des cots supplémentaires de dessin et de fabrication de ces objets/structures. Si on prend l'exemple des charpentes utilisées généralement dans l'industrie de la construction, elles reposent sur des modèles structurels o les forces auxquelles elles sont soumises sont transmises de façon linéaire, le long de membrures connectées en continu. Les courbures d'une poutre sont alors obtenues en faisant varier en longueur chaque membrure de la structure (d'o un 15 dessin particulier pour chaque membrure). Le modèle structurel présenté ici intègre d'emblée la variabilité en dimension des éléments constitutifs de la structure. En effet, la liberté formelle permise par le modèle, repose sur la décomposition de la structure/charpente en modules à géométrie variable, reliés par des connexions "souples", permettant aux modules de pivoter les uns par rapport aux autres. Les forces présentes 20 dans la structure sont alors transmises (de façon fragmentée et récurrente) module par realization of structures with variable forms from standard constructive elements. The geometry of this model finds applications in the field of furniture, but also and mainly in the field of construction, allowing the creation of architectures with complex shapes from standardized construction modules. Structural elements (such as: frameworks, load-bearing sails, etc.) cannot, traditionally, marry complex forms except at the cost of the specific design of each element constituting these objects / structures. This generally results in additional costs for the design and manufacture of these objects / structures. If we take the example of frames generally used in the construction industry, they are based on structural models where the forces to which they are subjected are transmitted in a linear fashion, along members continuously connected. The curvatures of a beam are then obtained by varying the length of each member of the structure (from a particular drawing for each member). The structural model presented here immediately integrates the variability in dimension of the constituent elements of the structure. Indeed, the formal freedom allowed by the model, is based on the decomposition of the structure / frame in modules with variable geometry, connected by "flexible" connections, allowing the modules to pivot relative to each other. The forces present in the structure are then transmitted (in a fragmented and recurring manner) module by
module, jusqu'aux points d'attache de la structure. module, up to the attachment points of the structure.
Dans le cas présent, le schéma structurel du modèle est basé sur l'interconnexion de modules en porte-à-faux l'un sur l'autre. Un module se présente comme une 'pyramide' à base losange (figure 1. NB: Le modèle fonctionne aussi avec tout module à base losange 25 avec hors du plan de base deux, trois sommets ou plus, positionnés dans un même plan que deux sommets opposés du losange. Pour optimiser la qualité structurelle du module on choisira toujours le plan de symétrie de la base pour contenir ces autres sommets). En coupe selon ce plan, le module s'apparente ainsi à une poutre 'Warren' (Le module pyramidal' peut être placé avec les sommets en haut ou en bas du plan de la base et garder 30 son intégrité structurelle). Le schéma structurel repose ainsi sur la mise en porte-àfaux de In the present case, the structural diagram of the model is based on the interconnection of modules cantilevered one on the other. A module looks like a diamond-shaped 'pyramid' (Figure 1. NB: The model also works with any diamond-based module 25 with two, three or more vertices outside the base plane, positioned in the same plane as two vertices Opposites of the rhombus. To optimize the structural quality of the module, we will always choose the plane of symmetry of the base to contain these other vertices). In section along this plane, the module thus looks like a 'Warren' beam (The pyramid module 'can be placed with the vertices at the top or bottom of the base plane and keep its structural integrity). The structural scheme is thus based on the overhang of
ces poutres pyramidales, sorte de coques structurelles, accrochées les unes aux autres. these pyramidal beams, a sort of structural shell, hooked to each other.
(Figure 2) La flexibilité de la forme de la structure est obtenue grâce à la géométrie variable de ce module élémentaire. Chaque face de cette pyramide est un triangle - structurellement "indéformable" - avec comme exception sa base, un losange. Pour permettre la variation en dimension du module, les faces triangulaires pivotent les unes par rapport aux autres: si ces faces sont pleines (panneaux structurels), alors leurs segments communs doivent jouer le rôle de charnière si les triangles sont formés par des membrures (poutres, etc....), celles-ci doivent être connectées par des rotules. La base losange, libre de contreventement (d'entretoise ou de contreventement), peut se plier. Le module peut ainsi varier en largeur et en longueur (Figure 3), et ceci, sans compromettre l'intégrité structurelle du modèle. Les modules sont alors assemblés par les quatre côtés de leur base par l'intermédiaire de pivots, de la même manière qu'il a été décrit pour les faces triangulaires des modules. Les modules pivotent ainsi les uns par rapport aux autres tout en gardant leur relation géométrique qui leur confère une qualité structurelle en tant qu'ensemble. Le tout constitue 10 une matrice structurelle, dont la forme globale est variable (La figure 4 présente des (Figure 2) The flexibility of the shape of the structure is obtained thanks to the variable geometry of this elementary module. Each face of this pyramid is a triangle - structurally "undeformable" - with the exception of its base, a rhombus. To allow the module to vary in size, the triangular faces rotate relative to each other: if these faces are full (structural panels), then their common segments must act as a hinge if the triangles are formed by members (beams , etc ....), these must be connected by ball joints. The lozenge base, free of bracing (spacer or bracing), can bend. The module can thus vary in width and length (Figure 3), and this, without compromising the structural integrity of the model. The modules are then assembled by the four sides of their base by means of pivots, in the same way as has been described for the triangular faces of the modules. The modules thus pivot relative to each other while keeping their geometric relationship which gives them structural quality as a whole. The whole constitutes a structural matrix, the overall shape of which is variable (FIG. 4 presents
applications dans le cadre d'une 'pyramide' à deux sommets hors de la base losange). applications as part of a 'pyramid' with two vertices outside the rhombus base).
La forme globale de la structure est définie par le contrôle d'un nombre limité de modules. En raison de l'interconnexion des modules, la forme d'un module dépend de la forme et de la position de ses voisins. Ainsi, le contrôle de la position et de la géométrie d'un 15 certain nombre de modules permet le contrôle de la forme résultante de la structure. Le caractère structurel étant relativement identique en tout point de la matrice structurelle, on peut choisir à quel endroit se fait le contrôle de la forme globale ce qui permet, dans le cas The overall shape of the structure is defined by controlling a limited number of modules. Due to the interconnection of the modules, the shape of a module depends on the shape and the position of its neighbors. Thus, the control of the position and the geometry of a certain number of modules allows the control of the resulting shape of the structure. The structural character being relatively identical in every point of the structural matrix, one can choose where the control of the overall shape is done, which allows, in the case
de charpentes, une plus grande liberté du plan architectural. of frameworks, greater freedom of the architectural plan.
La versatilité des structures obtenues suivant ce modèle permet la résolution d'une 20 grande variété de situations constructives. En tant que modèle structurel, basé sur une géométrie particulière, il peut être transcrit de multiples façons. Sa géométrie peut-être suivie pour des charpentes métalliques ou de bois, en utilisant des panneaux ou des profilés. Par exemple, une structure à forme variable peut être obtenue en assemblant des tubes métalliques standard par des rotules suivant le modèle décrit ci-dessus (figure 6). La 25 figure 5 - géométrie 'à plat' d'un module 'pyramidal' à deux sommets hors de la base losange - montre que deux tailles de tubes peut suffire pour former le module de base d'une telle matrice structurelle. On peut aussi réaliser en suivant le modèle, un écran à géométrie variable avec des triangles en plastic attachés par des charnières comme il est illustré par la figure 7. La forme définitive de ces structures est alors déterminée par le contrôle d'un certain nombre de modules; nombre toujours dépendant de l'étendue de la structure et de la forme voulue. Dès lors que différentes méthodes peuvent être adoptées pour contrôler ces modules, ces systèmes d'accroche ne rentrent pas dans la définition du modèle. Les dimensions des éléments de la structure dépendent de son échelle comme c'est le cas des The versatility of the structures obtained according to this model allows the resolution of a wide variety of constructive situations. As a structural model, based on a particular geometry, it can be transcribed in many ways. Its geometry can be followed for metal or wood frames, using panels or profiles. For example, a structure with variable shape can be obtained by assembling standard metal tubes by ball joints according to the model described above (Figure 6). FIG. 5 - “flat” geometry of a “pyramidal” module with two vertices outside the diamond base - shows that two sizes of tubes can be sufficient to form the basic module of such a structural matrix. One can also realize by following the model, a screen with variable geometry with plastic triangles attached by hinges as it is illustrated by figure 7. The final shape of these structures is then determined by the control of a certain number of modules; number always dependent on the extent of the structure and the desired form. As soon as different methods can be adopted to control these modules, these attachment systems do not come under the definition of the model. The dimensions of the elements of the structure depend on its scale as is the case with
structures traditionnelles.traditional structures.
- 3- 3
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0212888A FR2845581A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2002-10-09 | Frame for making furniture or buildings is made up of units in shape of pyramids with a diamond-shaped base whose summits may point up or down |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0212888A FR2845581A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2002-10-09 | Frame for making furniture or buildings is made up of units in shape of pyramids with a diamond-shaped base whose summits may point up or down |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2845581A1 true FR2845581A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 |
Family
ID=32039776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0212888A Pending FR2845581A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2002-10-09 | Frame for making furniture or buildings is made up of units in shape of pyramids with a diamond-shaped base whose summits may point up or down |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2845581A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2327700A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2009-11-02 | Alberto Alarcon Garcia | Programmable mobile modules system for the transformation of architectural spaces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3401492A (en) * | 1967-01-04 | 1968-09-17 | Stephen L. Macdonald | Building structure |
US3921349A (en) * | 1969-01-08 | 1975-11-25 | Arpad Kolozsvary | Structural component and structures comprising the same |
US4207715A (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-06-17 | Kitrick Christopher J | Tensegrity module structure and method of interconnecting the modules |
US4723382A (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1988-02-09 | Haresh Lalvani | Building structures based on polygonal members and icosahedral |
FR2801329A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-25 | Gwenola Kergall | Articulated space frame to form building dome has hexagonal sub frames with summits connected by equilateral triangular frames |
-
2002
- 2002-10-09 FR FR0212888A patent/FR2845581A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3401492A (en) * | 1967-01-04 | 1968-09-17 | Stephen L. Macdonald | Building structure |
US3921349A (en) * | 1969-01-08 | 1975-11-25 | Arpad Kolozsvary | Structural component and structures comprising the same |
US4207715A (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-06-17 | Kitrick Christopher J | Tensegrity module structure and method of interconnecting the modules |
US4723382A (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1988-02-09 | Haresh Lalvani | Building structures based on polygonal members and icosahedral |
FR2801329A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-25 | Gwenola Kergall | Articulated space frame to form building dome has hexagonal sub frames with summits connected by equilateral triangular frames |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2327700A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2009-11-02 | Alberto Alarcon Garcia | Programmable mobile modules system for the transformation of architectural spaces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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