FR2844043A1 - Telescopic gun sight and range finder rapid adjuster has cylindrical gripping section and cone with inner cavity for interchangeable ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The adjusting system has a milled ring (A) for regulating image magnification made up of a cylindrical gripping section (A1) with its central axis identical to that of the tubular body (A8) and eyepiece of the telescopic sight. The gripping section is extended towards the eyepiece by a two-section (A4, A7) cone with a cylindrical inner cavity for an interchangeable ring or two half-rings.

Description

Y potential length of the marker x number of identical marks

  basic magnification x potential distance from the mark magnification used potential distance from the mark magnification used baseline magnification basal magnification y potential length of fixture x number of identical markers x X potential distance from fixture (t -1 The present invention relates to optics and more precisely a system to settle

  quickly a scope of precision shooting and to measure distances.

  Currently there are various solutions for adjusting a telescope in elevation and drift: - solution A: through two turrets which are also used to zero the combination weapon-telescope at a distance, 200 meters in general, each of having

  between one minute of angle and one eighth of minute of precision angle.

  - solution B: by means of two turrets which are also used to set the weapon-bezel combination to zero at a certain distance, that of the drift settings having between one minute of angle and one eighth of an angle of accuracy, that of the elevation settings receiving a ring interchangeable with others and o are marked different distances firing

  correlated with a given caliber-loading combination.

  - solution C: through a reticle which has markings valid in a single magnification and in correlation with a specific caliber-loading combination, the two turrets

  only used to zero the weapon-bezel combination at a distance.

  solution D: through two turrets as well as a reticle which is provided with marks valid in a single magnification, these marks being in correlation with a given caliber20 loading combination or in correlation with a corresponding virtual caliber-loading combination at an average of specified gauge-load combinations, or with precision based on the minute of angle or with accuracy based on the minute of angle while correlating with a virtual caliber-load combination, and both turrets serving, in addition to zeroing the weapon-bezel combination at a distance, to correct the ballistic difference between the reticle marks and the vertical and horizontal firing curves obtained from the actual caliber-load combination used , correction achievable with precision that if the turret elevation settings is identical to this the solution A. And to measure the distances, two solutions exist: - solution E: through the reticle using the marks which are used for the settings of the shot and which

  are valid in a single magnification.

  - Solution F: through the reticle using markers specially designed for this purpose and

  valid in a single magnification.

  Nevertheless, the solutions for adjusting a telescope in elevation or drift pose problems 35 in rapid fire situation at different distances or when using the same telescope with different caliber-loading combinations: with solution A: each new setting requires that the shooter perform clicks with a unit value between one and one eighth of an angular minute and the amount of which may be excessively large, then the shooter must be able to concentrate and have time to avoid adjustment errors; moreover, during these setting changes, the zeroing

  initial weapon-goggle combination at a distance is canceled.

  with the solution B: with the turret of the elevation settings receiving an interchangeable ring, it is difficult to accurately correct the ballistic difference between the caliber-loading combination determined for said ring and the same caliber, but combined 45 with another load ; moreover, during the setting changes, the initial zeroing

  the weapon-telescope combination at a distance is canceled.

  - With solution C: it is impossible to correct the ballistic difference between the combination caliber-loading determined to locate the reticle and another combination calibration load, whether a simple change of load or a total change of caliber 50 and loading.

  - with the solution D: the greater the ballistic difference between the reticle marks and the vertical and horizontal curves of the shot obtained from the caliber-loading combination actually used, the greater the number of clicks to be made by the shooter. is also, and with the same corollary as in solution A; moreover, during the setting changes, the initial zeroing of the weapon-goggle combination at a distance is canceled. As for solutions E and F for measuring distances, they pose the following problem, whatever the situation: if the target used to evaluate the distance is not wedged in the reticle marks, because of the rigidity of the principle, the evaluation becomes very approximate,

see wrong.

  All these problems can be solved by a complementary adjustment and measurement system. The system, according to the invention, comprises a variable image magnification adjustment wheel formed of a cylindrical gripping portion whose central axis is identical to that of the tubular body of the bezel, the interior of which is fitted into the latter, whose longitudinal position is located next to the eyepiece and whose outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the portion of the body of the telescope directed longitudinally with respect to it towards the eyepiece, body part that is either the eyepiece itself, ie the main tube whose diameter is usually 25.4 mm or 30 mm. The cylindrical gripping portion is, in the direction of the eyepiece, concentrically continuous with a portion which is cylindrical inside and frustoconical outside, the inner cylinder enveloping the body of the bezel without being attached thereto. the outer cone frustum establishing the junction with the outer circumference of said cylindrical gripper portion through its base and establishing the junction with said inner cylinder through its section. This last junction forms one of the two longitudinal ends of the wheel. And over the entire circumference of the outer cone frustum, 25 from its base to about its mid-length, is positioned a cavity in which is housed a ring interchangeable with others and whose shape cooperates exactly with the that is, two interchangeable half-rings are housed with others and whose

  forms cooperate exactly with his.

  The system also has three formulas: 30 - potential length of the marker x number of identical markers base magnification X xX potential distance from the magnification mark used and X = y potential length of the mark x number of identical markers base magnification X potential distance from the mark used magnification and magnification used = basic magnification y potential length of the reference x number of identical marks X XxX potential distance from the mark with, for this third formula, the rule: minimum magnification <magnification used <maximum magnification -3 These three formulas and the Variable magnification adjustment wheel of the image are

  unconditionally interdependent.

  For the system to work, it is imperative that the telescope be equipped with variable image magnification and an invariant reticle with markers for correction of the shot.

elevation and drifting.

  Figure 1 shows the adjustment wheel of the variable magnification of the image according to the invention.

  FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the portion of the wheel which is cylindrical inside and

  the frustoconical outside, according to the invention.

  FIG. 3 represents the orthogonal coordinate system of o are derived the three formulas, according to the invention.

  FIG. 4 shows graphically the case where three successive markers of the reticle having the same length are added.

  base magnification Figure 5 graphically represents the case where base magnification = 2 magnification used base magnification Figure 6 graphically represents the case o = 0.5 magnification used Figure 7 represents a right-angled ABC triangle C serving as a support for calculating either the segment that enhances the correction of the shot in elevation, ie the potential length of the marker at a

some potential distance.

  With reference to these drawings, the system comprises a wheel (A) for adjusting the variable magnification of the image formed by a cylindrical gripping portion (A1) that is concentrically continued, in the direction of the eyepiece (A2), of a part which is cylindrical inside (A3) and to

the frustoconical outside (A4).

  The length of the inner cylinder (A3) and the difference between its diameter and the diameter of the base of the outer cone frustum (A4) must be sufficiently large so that, over the entire circumference of the outer cone frustum (A4), from its base to about its length, is positioned a cavity (A5) (A6) consisting of two faces (A5) (A6), one, the bottom (AS), being parallel to the central axis of the wheel (A), the other (A6) being perpendicular to this

same axis.

  And either the ring (A7) which is housed in this cavity (A5) (A6) is fixed by being screwed on the wheel (A) by means of a thread which cooperates with that made on the bottom (AS) of said cavity (A5) (A6), that is to say each of the two half-rings (A7) which is housed in this cavity (AS) (A6) is fixed by means of a small screw of which only the rod (A7) through a hole designed for this purpose to be screwed into another hole which is positioned in said cavity 40 (A5) (A6) without passing through the wheel (A) and which is endowed inside a net cooperating with that

  said screw, the two holes being concentric.

  Combinations of firing-reference distance of the reticle to be used which are obtained with the three formulas are indicated on the outer surface of the ring (A7) or the two half-rings (A7) and are imperatively positioned according to a precise graduation variable magnification 45 of the image indicated on the circumference of the outer cone frustum (A4) between its section and the ring (A7) or the two half-rings (A7), graduation whose accuracy may be a quarter of Unity, this example not being limiting And on the body of the telescope (A2 or A8) is positioned at the limit of said section, a marker arrow to know the exact magnification used. 50 -4

  The system also has three formulas, detailed below.

  They are drawn from an orthogonal reference (B) where we have: 5 * the shooter's eye which is positioned on the origin.

  the segment (B1) valuing either the height or the width of the target, or the correction of the shot in elevation or drift, which is perpendicular to the abscissa axis, which has an end (B2) whose abscissa is positive and the null ordinate, and which has the other end

  (B3) whose abscissa and ordinate are positive.

  10. the marker (B4) of the reticle which is perpendicular to the x-axis, which has a

  end (B5), the center of the reticle, whose abscissa is positive and the null ordinate and whose position is between the origin and the end (B2) of the segment (BI) whose ordinate is zero, and which has the other end (B6) positioned on the half-line passing through the end (B3) of said segment (B1) whose abscissa and ordinate are positive and stopping on the origin.

  The three formulas are based on the equation Y = AX + B whose constituent elements are defined as follows: Y = either the height or the width of the target, or the correction of the shot in elevation or in drift ( B 1) At A = quotient resulting from the division of any potential length of the marker (B7) of the reticle by the potential distance separating its end (B8) whose abscissa is positive and the zero ordinate of the origin, this quotient being proportional to another quotient resulting from the division of the actual length of the marker (B4) of the reticle by the actual distance separating its end (B5) whose ordinate is zero and which is the center

  reticle of origin; the numerator and the denominator for calculating A must be given by the manufacturer of shooting glasses, either directly as is, or indirectly by means of a corner unit, in order to know what the reference mark is worth at a determined distance, generally 100 meters or 100 yards, essential knowledge to exploit the reference in question.

  * X = distance of the target separating the origin of the end (B2) of the segment (B1) of which

the ordinate is zero.

  a B = zero In all the formulas relating to the invention, X and Y have the same unit of length as the numerator and the denominator of A. The two starting formulas are therefore: y potential length of the referencexX potential distance from the reference and YX y potential length of the reference potential distance of the mark -5 In the case of a reticle with a continuity of marks having the same length, whether for the correction of the shooting in elevation or drift, two possibilities exist and result in the same formulas: either the potential length of the marker is multiplied by the number of added marks (see points A and B of Figure 4), then 10 - potential length of the marker x number of identical marks X potential distance from the marker and y X = y potential length of the marker x number of identical markers potential distance from the mark or the potential distance of the mark is divided by the number of markers added s (see points A and C of figure 4), then Y = potential length of the reference mark x potential distance from the reference number of identical markers potential length of the mark number of identical markers Y h = dx xrsdi I potential distance from the mark y - potential length of the reference mark x number of identical marks Y = -xX potential distance from the marker and X = Y potential length of the marker potential distance from the mark number of identical marks X = Y potential length of the mark number of identical marks 1 potential distance from the mark

X = Y

  potential length of the marker x number of identical markers potential distance from the mark -6 And with a telescope having a variable magnification of the image and an invariant reticle, 5 when the shooter switches from the basic magnification of the image, magnification o the values of the reticle markers used in the formulas are effective, at another magnification, the size of the basic magnification of the image is divided by basic magnification or multiplied by magnification used magnification used basic magnification This division and multiplication leads mathematically to the same result, and with a base magnification of the image less than or equal to the maximum magnification, it will be assumed that, regardless of the change in magnification, the size of the image is well divided by 15 magnification base magnification used With this state of affairs, in the two previous formulas, the potential length The benchmark is multiplied by the basic magnification used (see points A and D in Figures 5 and 6), which is the base magnification. The potential distance from the mark is divided by magnification.

Figures 5 and 6).

  (see points A and E of the So: * either potential length of the marker x number of identical marks xbased magnification used magnification potential distance from the mark potential marker length x number of identical markers base magnification X potential distance from magnification mark used - 7 * is the potential length of the reference mark x number of identical markers potential distance from the reference mark basic magnification used magnification basic magnification potential length of the mark x number of identical markers magnification used 1 potential distance from the marker potential mark length x number of identical markers dx potential distance from the reference mark basic magnification used magnification Of the two final formulas: potential length of the mark x number of identical marks basic magnification potential distance from the magnification mark used and YX = potential length of the mark x number of marks i true basic magnification x potential distance from the magnification mark used If, after moving from the basic magnification of the image to another magnification, the shooter ignores the above and uses the formula 25 y potential length x number of identical markers X potential distance from the base magnification mark because X is known, the actual Y is divided by and the shooter gets magnification used an illusory information. And if he uses the formula

X Y

  X = y potential length of marker x number of identical markers potential distance from mark -8 because Y is known, the actual X is multiplied by basic magnification and it also gets a magnification used

illusory information.

  From either of the two final formulas can be drawn a third formula for calculating the magnification to be used to obtain, from a reference or a continuity of marks having the same length, an X and a Y determined: basic magnification used magnification y Y potential marker length x number of identical markers X potential mark distance Imposed by the two limits of minimum magnification and maximum magnification, a rule is clearly to be observed when calculating magnification to use: 15 minimum magnification <magnification used <maximum magnification

  Although the three formulas are now clearly established, they can seem complex and inapplicable. Therefore, some application examples are essential to complete the description of the invention.

  In each example, the rifle scope has an invariant reticle and magnification

  Image variable whose minimum is 6, the maximum of 24 and the base of 12.

Example 1

  The shooter knows that when the target is at a distance of 350 m, 43 clicks of a unit value of

  1/8 of a minute of angle are to be made to correct the shot in elevation.

  - in minute of angle, the correction of the shot is: I 43x 1 = 5.375 minutes of angle - with the help of the trigonometry (see figure 7), the segment valuing the correction of the shooting in elevation is of:

5.3750

TAN x350 t 0.5472 m

  He can obtain this correction by using a continuity of 2 marks each having a potential length of 0.1 m at a potential distance of 100 m, a potential length of the whole of 0.2 m at a potential distance of 100 m and 0.7 m at a potential distance of 40 350 m, and this when the magnification is 12.

  - application of the formula: -9 magnification used base magnification y potential length of the mark x number of identical markers xX potential distance from the magnification mark used = 0 5472

0.5472

  0.1x2350 magnification used 15.35 The image magnification dial has an accuracy of 1/4 of a unit, as 15.35 is more

  Nearly 15.25 than 15.50, the shooter rounds the magnification to use at 15.25.

  In addition, he has the opportunity to know exactly the correction of the shot in elevation obtained with this magnification. 15 - application of the formula: y potential length of the marker x number of identical markers base magnificationX potential distance from the mark magnification used 0.1x2 12 correction of the shot in elevation = - x x 350 100 15.25 correction of the shot in elevation 0.5508 m

  In this way, he can notice the accuracy of this system, an error of 0.0036 m approximately, less than 4 mm, being negligible.

  Finally, if the reticle is located in adequacy with this system, at each distance, the shooter can know the reference and the magnification to be used to correct the shot in elevation, this information

  grouped in a table being of definite usefulness.

Example 2

  The shooter knows that when the target is at a distance of 500 m, 94 clicks of a unit value of

  1/8 of a minute of angle are to be made to correct the shot in elevation.

  - in minute of angle, the correction of the shot is: 35 94 x - = 11.75 minutes of angle - with the help of the trigonometry (see figure 7), the segment valuing the correction of the shooting in elevation is of: 40 -10

11,750

  TAN 0 x500 k 1.7089 m He can obtain this correction by using a reticle mark worth 10 minutes of angle, either

  only 80 clicks, and this when the magnification is 12.

  - the potential length of the marker at a potential distance of 100 m is: TAN -x100, 0.2908 m - application of the formula: grsismn basic disassembly 15 used magnification = - y potential length of the reference x number of identical reference points xX potential distance from the magnification mark used = 1

1.7089

  0.2908x x 500 magnification used k 10.21 20 The image magnification dial has an accuracy of 1/4 of a unit, as 10.21 is more

  Near 10.25 than 10, the shooter rounds the magnification to use at 10.25.

  In addition, he has the opportunity to know exactly the correction of the shot in elevation obtained with this magnification. 25 - application of the formula: - potential length of the marker x number of identical markers basic magnification x X X x potential distance from the mark magnification used 0.2908 x 1 12 correction of the shot in elevation = x - x 500

10.25

  In this way, he can notice the accuracy of this system, an error of 0.0067 m approximately, either

less than 7 mm, being negligible.

  Finally, if the reticle is located in adequacy with this system, at each distance, the shooter can know the reference and the magnification to be used to correct the shot in elevation, this information grouped in a table being of some use. 40 - 11

Example 3

  After determining the height of an animal, 0.7 m in this case, an experienced hunter accurately wedges it into a reticle marker having a potential length of 0.2916 m at a

  potential distance of 100 m, using a magnification of 15.

  He can obtain the distance of the animal by applying the formula: a, YX = y potential length of the marker x number of identical markers base magnification x potential distance from the mark magnification used distance from the target = 0.7 0.2916xl 12 x

15

  distance from the target 300 m In order to arrive quickly at this result, either the formula is inserted in the memory of a calculator, the unknowns can be completed in good time, or the manufacturer judiciously chooses the length of the marker as in this example where it is sufficient to multiply the magnification by twenty to know the distance to which the animal in question is. Yet another alternative is that the hunter behaves in the opposite way by calculating in advance the magnification to be used to wedge in the same frame the animal having a height of 0.7 m and being at a distance of 300 m. If this is the maximum shooting distance allowed by law, it has a good way to respect it. A table can be drawn up to harmonize the different factors such as distances, reticle marks, variable magnification of the image and multiple targets. 25 -implementation of formula: magnification used = basic magnification y potential length of marker x number of identical markers X potential distance from mark magnification used = 0.7 0.2916xx 300 100 magnification used 14.99 The shooter rounds the magnification to be used at 15 and he checks that the rule relating to this formula

be well respected.

  - the rule is: minimum magnification <magnification used <maximum magnification

6 <15 <24

  The system according to the invention targets sports shooters and hunters, but also policemen and soldiers who, for pragmatic and budgetary reasons, want to be able to use

  effectively the same bezel with all kinds of calibrating suits.

  It is possible that his field of action is not limited to the scope of the rifle scope.

- 13

Claims (5)

  1 / rapid adjustment system of the precision riflescope and measuring distances comprising a knob (A) for adjusting the variable magnification of the image formed of a cylindrical gripping portion (A1) whose central axis is identical to that of the tubular body of the telescope (A2) (A8), the interior of which is fitted into the latter, the longitudinal position of which is situated next to the eyepiece (A2) and whose outside diameter is greater than the diameter of the the part 10 of the body of the telescope (A2 or AS) directed longitudinally with respect to it (A1) towards the eyepiece (A2), body part which is either the eyepiece (A2) itself, or the main tube (AS), characterized in that the cylindrical gripper portion (A1) is, in the direction of the eyepiece (A2), concentrically continuous with a portion which is cylindrical inside (A3) and frustoconical outside (A4), the inner cylinder (A3) enveloping the body of the lunett more closely e (A2 or A8) without being attached thereto, the trunk of the outer cone (A4) establishing the junction (A9) with the outer circumference of said cylindrical gripper portion (A1) through its base and establishing the junction (A1 0 ) with said inner cylinder (A3) through its section, the latter junction (A10) forming one of the two longitudinal ends of the wheel (A), characterized in that on the entire circumference of the outer cone frustum (A4) from its base 20 to about its mid-length, is positioned a cavity (A5) (A6) in which a ring (A7) is interchangeable with others and whose shape cooperates exactly with its own. (A5) (A6), are housed two demibagues (A7) interchangeable with others and whose shapes cooperate exactly with his (A5) (A6), and also characterized in that it comprises the three formulas: potential length of the marker x number of identical marks magnification base t X y x potential distance from the magnification mark used and X Y   potential length of marker x number of identical markers base magnification x potential distance from magnification mark used and magnification used = basic magnification y _ Y   potential length of the marker x number of identical marks X potential distance of the mark with, for this third formula, the rule: minimum magnification <magnification used <maximum magnification these three formulas and the wheel (A) for adjusting the variable magnification of the image being 40 unconditionally interdependent; for the system to work, the telescope must be equipped with variable image magnification and an invariant reticle   with markers for the correction of the shot in elevation and drift.   - 14 2 / System according to claim 1 characterized in that the cavity (A5) (A6) consists of two faces (A5) (A6), one, the bottom (AS), being parallel to the axis central wheel (A),   the other (A6) being perpendicular to this same axis.   3 / System according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that either the ring (A7) is fixed by being screwed on the wheel (A) via a thread which cooperates with that made on the bottom (A5 ) of said cavity (A5) (A6), or each of the two half-rings (A7) is fixed by means of a small screw of which only the rod (A7) passes through a hole designed for this purpose to be screwed into another hole which is positioned in the cavity (A5) (A6) without passing through the wheel (A) and which is provided inside a thread cooperating with that of said screw, the two holes being concentric.   4 / A system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 characterized in that firing distance-reference combinations of the reticle to be used which are obtained with the three formulas are indicated on the outer surface of the ring (A7) or both halves rings (A7) and are imperatively positioned according to a precise graduation of the variable magnification of the image indicated on the circumference of the outer cone frustum (A4) between its section and the ring (A7) or the two half-rings (A7).   System according to Claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the three formulas are drawn from an orthogonal reference (B) where:   to the eye of the shooter who is positioned on the origin.   To the segment (B1) valuing either the height or the width of the target, or the correction of the shot in elevation or drift, which is perpendicular to the abscissa axis, which has an end (B2) whose abscissa is positive and the ordinate zero, and who has the other end   (B3) whose abscissa and ordinate are positive.   * the marker (B4) of the reticle which is perpendicular to the abscissa axis, which has a   end (B5), the center of the reticle, whose abscissa is positive and the null ordinate and whose position is between the origin and the end (B2) of the segment (B1) whose ordinate is zero, and which has the other end (B6) positioned on the half-line passing through the end (B3) of said segment (B1) whose abscissa and ordinate are positive and stopping on the origin.   6 / A system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 characterized in that the three formulas are based on the equation Y = AX + B whose constituent elements are defined as follows: * Y = the height or the width of the target, either the correction of the shot in elevation or drift (B 1).   A = quotient resulting from the division of any potential length of the cross-hairs reference (B7) by the potential distance separating its end (B8) whose abscissa is positive and the zero ordinate of the origin, this quotient being proportional to another 45 quotient resulting from dividing the actual length of the marker (B4) of the reticle by the actual distance separating its end (B5) whose ordinate is zero and which is the center reticle of the origin.   At X = distance from the target separating the origin of the end (B2) of the segment (B1) of which the ordinate is zero. At B = zero - 15-   7 / System according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 characterized in that the basic magnification of the image is the magnification where the values of the reticle marks used in the formulas are effective.