FR2842748A1 - Installation for continuous separation of bulk materials comprises elevator belt from which materials fall into upper tank to be unloaded by evacuation belt, floating materials in tank being evacuated into lower tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The materials to be sorted are led onto an elevator belt (1) and a fan (2) and a water spraying device (3) limit the formation of powder during the transport of the materials on this belt. The materials falling from the belt upper end (4) are received in an upper tank (5). Chains (6) slow the fall of materials into this tank and a grille (7) with a predetermined mesh enables the calibrating of materials falling into the tank. An inclined evacuation belt (8) leads dense materials passed through the grille to be unloaded from the belt end part (10). Floating materials in the first tank are evacuated into a lower tank (11) by means of a rotating brush (17).

Description

INSTALLATION FOR SEPARATELY SEPARATING BULK MATERIALS

  The invention relates to an installation for continuously separating from each other bulk materials heavier than water, such as gravel or pebbles, and bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or

  close to this one, such as pieces of wood in particular.

  Installations of this type are already known in the prior art.

  Document FR-A-2,751,566 describes an installation of the general type presented above, this installation comprising an endless conveyor arranged in a tank filled with water, a first end of this endless conveyor

  being placed directly above the means for discharging bulk materials.

  The installation described in this prior document comprises means for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor, at least directly above the

means of discharge.

  The tank filled with water includes an inclined bottom allowing recovery

  materials fallen onto this bottom through a drain and cleaning opening.

  The installation described in this prior document has many drawbacks. In particular, the production of a skeleton belt conveyor is expensive, this woven wire fabric band being moreover sensitive to

  damage by friction in particular.

  The invention aims to propose a device which does not have the drawbacks of those known previously and which allows at the same time: - the separation of dense inert materials such as pebbles from a mixture comprising wood, plastic, agglomerated materials and pebbles; - the rapid installation of a sorting machine, for example at the place of demolition of a building, this machine having a template compatible with its road transport;

  - carrying out a high-speed sorting, respectful of the environment.

2 2842748

  For these purposes, the invention relates, according to a first aspect to an installation for continuously separating bulk materials, this installation comprising first means for discharging the bulk materials into a first tank, second means for discharging the materials denser than the fluid contained in the first tank and third means for discharging materials of density substantially lower than that of said fluid, characterized in that the third means are disposed on the path of discharge of the overflow from the first tank to a second tank, the first and the second tank forming a substantially closed circuit for the

sorting by flotation.

  According to various embodiments, the installation has the following characters, possibly combined: - the third means comprise a rotary brush whose axis of rotation is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the overflow; - It includes means capable of ensuring a predetermined level of fluid in the first tank; - These means capable of ensuring a predetermined fluid level in the first tank comprise at least one level detector connected to a stirring pump ensuring the return of the fluid from the second tank to the first tank; - The first tank is arranged above the second tank; - It includes means for slowing down the fall of the materials to be sorted, in the first tank, and means for calibrating said materials; - The slowing and calibration means comprise at least one grid immersed in the first tank; - The first pouring means comprise an inclined belt, an free end portion of which is directly above the first tank; - The second means for evacuating the materials substantially denser than the fluid contained in the first tank comprise an inclined belt, one end part of which is immersed in the first tank substantially in line with the upper free upper part of the supply belt; - The assembly formed by the first tank, the second tank and the second and third evacuation means is mounted on hydraulic cylinders so as to allow its loading on a road trailer or on a railway platform; - the material supply and discharge means, as well as the means for circulating the sorting fluid by flotation are supplied with

  energy by a single group such as diesel group or generator.

  Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the

  following description of embodiment, description which will be made in

  referring to the single appended drawing which is a schematic representation in

  section of a device according to the invention.

  The description will be made with reference to materials to be sorted

  including wood, plastic, pebbles and bricks. As will be understood by a person skilled in the art, the device according to the invention allows sorting and separation by flotation, the composition of the mixture to be sorted being given here only

as an example.

  The materials to be sorted are conveyed on a lifting belt 1. During this journey, a magnetic sorting is carried out, in a manner known per se, using a

  electromagnet arranged above the conveyor belt 1.

  A fan device 2 and a water sprinkler device 3 positioned directly above the conveyor belt 1 make it possible to limit the formation of

  dust when transporting materials on the belt 1.

  Materials falling from the upper end 4 of the strip 1

  are received in a first tank called the upper tank 5.

  On the material drop trajectory from the end part 4 of the belt 1 to the first tank 5, the device comprises - chains 6 slowing the fall of the materials in the first tank 5; at least one grid 7 with predetermined mesh opening allowing the

  materials calibration and slowing their fall in the first tank 5.

  In the embodiment shown, the device comprises at least

  a grid 7 immersed in the first tank 5.

  In other embodiments, not shown, the device comprises, as a variant or in combination, at least one grid disposed above the water level of the first tank 5, on the material drop path from

  end 4 to the first tank 5.

  An inclined conveyor belt 8 is immersed in its first part

  extreme 9 in the first upper tank 5.

  The dense materials (pebbles, bricks) which have passed through the grids 7 fall on the first extreme part 9 of the discharge conveyor 8 and are conveyed by this conveyor 8 out of the first tank 5 to be discharged beyond the second end portion 10 of the mat 8, for example in a bucket or

truck not shown.

  The materials floating in the first tank 5 (wood, plastics) are

  evacuated from it by the means which will now be described.

  First, a constant water level is maintained in the first tank 5, the device comprising a lower tank 11 and at least one float 12 disposed along a side wall 13. The lower tank 11 receives the overflowing water of the upper tank 5, this water being filtered and reintroduced into the tank

  upper 5 by means of a stirring pump 14.

  The upper tank 5 is provided with side walls 15 which emerge beyond the substantially constant level 16 of the water contained in this tank 5.

  Thus, the materials floating in the first tank 5 are retained in a compartment and conveyed, by the water circulation current in a closed circuit,

  towards a scanning means 17 such as a rotary brush.

  The circulation of water from the upper tank 5 to the lower tank 11 creates a discharge current in which this scanning means is placed

such as a rotary brush 17.

  This brush being placed at a predetermined distance from the substantially constant level of water 16 in the tank 5, the non-inert and floating materials are swept by this brush and ejected during the upper tank 5 to be recovered for example in a bucket or truck not shown. To avoid loss of water as a result of sweeping by the brush 17, a recovery chute, not shown, allows the return of the water ejected by the brush 17 to the lower tank 11. The height of the brush 17 by water level 16 is mechanically adjustable to a predetermined value, depending in particular on the type of object

  floating provided in the materials to be sorted.

  Similarly, the water level 16 in the upper tank 5 is adjustable by

  the positioning of the float 12 disposed in this tank.

  Under the discharge belt 8, a chute 18 allows the recovery of the water leaving with the heavy materials transported on the strip 8, this water being

  returned to the lower tank 11.

  The sorting machine can be moved and transported on a truck.

  To this end, four hydraulic cylinders 19 arranged at the four corners of the lower tank 11 allow the lifting of this tank 11 for the passage of the

trailer below it.

  By way of illustration, the lower tank 11 containing the upper tank 5 can have the following dimensions - width: approximately 2 meters 45; length: about 6 meters; - height: 2 meters 80 approximately;

  - the empty weight of this tank being approximately 15 tonnes 50.

  A command post 20 allows piloting and supply

of energy to the device.

  In one embodiment, this command post includes a

  diesel group and high pressure hydraulic pumps.

  The Applicant has found that a 240 horsepower diesel group and three high pressure oil pumps allow: - the actuation of a hydraulic motor for the rotation of the float ejection brush 17, the speed of rotation of this brush being ordered from station 20; the actuation of conveyor belts 1,8 such as rubber mats 80 cm wide. The material to be sorted can be supplied up to a flow rate of 60

  tonnes per hour with such a control station.

  The cleaning station obtained is energy independent, efficient,

  high speed and environmentally friendly.

  Fan 2 and spray 3 allow the evacuation of papers and the

  limitation of dust when mixing the materials to be sorted.

  Magnetic sorting allows the recycling of ferrous metals.

  Plastics, wood and agglomerates are swept by the brush 17 and can be sorted separately, inert materials such as bricks and stones

  being conveyed out of the upper tank 5 by the band 8.

  The water used circulates in a closed circuit from the upper tank 5 to the lower tank 11, the water losses linked to the sorting operation being reduced to a minimum by means of recovery troughs arranged under the strip of water. evacuation 8

and brush 17.

  The sorting of materials can be carried out directly at their place of production, the device being in accordance with the road gauge, it is no longer necessary

  transport the materials to be sorted to a specific processing center.

  This results in significant energy savings.

  The sorting by flotation being by nature not very noisy and the whole of the device being provided with cowling, the sorting can be carried out on the place of production of the

  materials without noise pollution for the neighborhood.

  Thus, it is possible to carry out a deconstruction or a demolition of buildings or works and an immediate recycling of the materials obtained in

crusher outlet.

  The machine is also particularly rustic and suitable for use

intensive at high flow.

Claims (11)

  1. Installation for continuously separating bulk materials, this installation comprising first means for discharging bulk materials into a first tank (5), second means for discharging materials denser than the fluid contained in the first tank and third means for evacuating materials with a density substantially lower than that of said fluid, characterized in that the third means are arranged on the overflow discharge path from the first tank (5) to a second tank (11) the first and the second tank (5,11) forming a substantially closed circuit for the flotation sorting fluid.   2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the third means comprise a rotary brush whose axis of rotation is substantially   perpendicular to the direction of flow of the overflow.   3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises means capable of ensuring a predetermined level of fluid in the first tank. 4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that these means capable of ensuring a predetermined level of fluid in the first tank comprise at least one level detector connected to a stirring pump (14) ensuring the   return of the fluid from the second tank (11) to the first tank (5).   5. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that   that the first tank (5) is arranged above the second tank (11).   6. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that   that it includes means for slowing down the fall of the materials to be sorted,   in the first tank, and means for calibrating said materials.   7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the slowing and calibration means comprise at least one grid immersed in the first tank (5).   8. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that   that the first discharge means comprise an inclined belt (1) of which   an extreme free part (4) is perpendicular to the first tank (5).   9. Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the second means for discharging the materials substantially denser than the fluid contained in the first tank (5) comprise an inclined belt of which an end part is immersed in the first tank (5 ) substantially in accordance with   upper free end part (4) of the feed belt (1).   10. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in   that the assembly formed by the first tank (5), the second tank (11) and the second and third discharge means (8,17) is mounted on hydraulic cylinders so as to allow it to be loaded onto a road trailer or   on a railway platform.   11. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in   that the material supply and discharge means, as well as the means for circulating the sorting fluid by flotation are supplied with energy by   a single group such as diesel group or generator set.