FR2840814A1

FR2840814A1 - Self-contained compressed gas storage apparatus for safe breathing in hostile environment comprises miniature gas reservoir consisting of small diameter tubular winding fitted with filling valve

Info

Publication number: FR2840814A1
Application number: FR0307272A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Olivier Bardot
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-06-18
Filing date: 2003-06-17
Publication date: 2003-12-19

Abstract

The miniature compressed gas reservoir (1) consists of a small diameter tubular winding (2), made of food quality material, fitted with a filling valve (3) with fast external access. There are two half reservoirs interconnected by the filling valve via two isolating non-return valves enabling the reservoirs to be filled during operation. An Independent claim is included for a self-contained safe breathing device comprising a miniature gas reservoir.

Description

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la penetration de l'homme dans lesThe invention relates to the field of human penetration into

milieux hostiles et, plus particulierement, au domaine des moyens utilises par l'homme pour survivre et se deplacer dans lesdits milieux tels que hostile environments and, more particularly, in the field of the means used by man to survive and move in said environments such as

l'air pollue ou enfume ou encore sous l'eau. the air pollutes or smokes or even under water.

S Plus particulierement, I'invention concerne un element du dispositif respiratoire permettant a un plongeur d'effectuer des explorations ou des missions subaquatiques sans necessite de remonter en surface pour respirer, ou a du personnel de secours d 'intervenir en milieu pollue ou enfume, et plus specifiquement encore, I'invention est relative a un appareil de stockage du gaz More specifically, the invention relates to an element of the respiratory device allowing a diver to carry out explorations or underwater missions without the need to rise to the surface to breathe, or to rescue personnel to intervene in polluted or smoky environments, and more specifically still, the invention relates to a gas storage device

comprime necessaire a l'utilisateur. compressed necessary for the user.

Essentiellement, on connat, a ce jour, des dispositifs respiratoires dont l'appareil de stockage du gaz comprime, est une bouteille, le plus souvent metallique, remplie sous haute pression de gaz respirable par l'utilisateur; ladite bouteille de gaz comprime presente plusieurs inconvenients majeurs, dont le volume et la masse, mais aussi une securite insuffisante du fait qu'elle presente des risques d'explosion en cas de choc, avec projections eventuelles de morceaux susceptibles d'atteindre et de blesser l'utilisateur ou toute personne se trouvant a proximite. Pour eviter le risque d'explosion, le document DE 15 51 613 A de Miczka decrit un reservoir pour la fourniture de gaz sous haute pression dans lequel le debit de gaz, en cas de rupture, est limite par l'ouverture d'un capillaire cassable. Pour reduire le volume, le document DE 11 48 453 B. de Draegerwerk AG propose un dispositif comportant deux enceintes a des pressions differentes, celle a la pression la plus faIble etant enclose dans celle a la pression la plus elevee. Si le volume est reduit, ce n'est pas le cas de la masse qui, Bile, est plutot accrue. Une autre version de reservoir de gaz a haute pression, de forme torodale, fait ['objet du document WO 97/12175. Le risque d'explosion est probablement reduit, mais ce dispositif qui ne regle pas totalement les problemes de masse ou de Essentially, we know, to date, respiratory devices including the compressed gas storage device, is a bottle, most often metallic, filled under high pressure with breathable gas by the user; said compressed gas cylinder presents several major drawbacks, including the volume and the mass, but also insufficient safety because it presents risks of explosion in the event of an impact, with possible projections of pieces likely to reach and injure the user or anyone nearby. To avoid the risk of explosion, document DE 15 51 613 A by Miczka describes a reservoir for the supply of gas under high pressure in which the gas flow rate, in the event of rupture, is limited by the opening of a capillary breakable. To reduce the volume, document DE 11 48 453 B. from Draegerwerk AG proposes a device comprising two chambers at different pressures, the one at the lowest pressure being enclosed in that at the highest pressure. If the volume is reduced, it is not the case of the mass which, Bile, is rather increased. Another version of a high pressure gas tank, torodal in shape, is the subject of document WO 97/12175. The risk of explosion is probably reduced, but this device, which does not completely solve the problems of mass or

volume necessite des procedes de fabrication compliques. volume requires complicated manufacturing processes.

Ces dispositifs, bien que destines a accro^'tre la securite ou la mob il ite de l' utilisateu r ne resolvent pas la tota lite d es prob lem es rencontres en conditions difficiles. II est done indispensable, notamment pour les applications delicates, dans lesquelles l'utilisateur ne peut se mouvoir que dans des espaces restraints ou encombres, comme par exemple, un. secouriste au milieu des gravats, ou dans celles ou il doit se deplacer avec souplesse et rapidite, de disposer d'un appareil sur- la securite de l'utilisateur etant I'objectif principal de ce type de dispositif compact - puisque devant etre utilise dans des espaces etroits - et robuste, c 'est-a -dire ne presentant pas de risque These devices, although intended to increase security or user mobility, do not resolve all of the prob lem encounters in difficult conditions. It is therefore essential, especially for delicate applications, in which the user can only move in restricted or congested spaces, such as, for example, one. rescuer in the middle of the rubble, or in those where he must move with flexibility and speed, to have a device on the safety of the user being the main objective of this type of compact device - since to be used in narrow spaces - and robust, that is to say without risk

d'explosion sous l'effet d'un choc.explosion by shock.

Enfin, ces appareils doivent etre amagnetiques pour certaines utilisations telle, par exemple, le deminage, qui necessite l'utilisation d 'appareils d 'en reg istrem ent ou de mesu re peu sensib les aux forces magnetiques. Si les bouteilles utilisees dans les dispositifs de l'art anterieur vent realisees dans un alliage metallique dont la composition n'est pas Finally, these devices must be non-magnetic for certain uses such as, for example, demining, which requires the use of recording or measuring devices that are not very sensitive to magnetic forces. If the bottles used in the devices of the prior art are made of a metal alloy whose composition is not

strictement controlee, elles viennent mettre en danger le plongeur. strictly controlled, they endanger the diver.

Les problemes techniques a resoudre vent done, de deux ordres avant tout, le probleme de la securite de l'utilisateur, mais aussi celui de la reduction de volume et de l'allegement de l'appareil pour permettre une utilisation dans des conditions delicates, tout en assurant de meilleures The technical problems to be solved wind therefore, of two orders before all, the problem of the safety of the user, but also that of the reduction of volume and the alleviation of the apparatus to allow a use in delicate conditions, while ensuring better

conditions de mobilite et de confort. conditions of mobility and comfort.

En consequence, le premier objectif de ['invention, vise une securite totale de I 'utilisateur, en proposant un reservoir de stockage du gaz comprime pour un dispositif autonome de respiration, robuste, done ne presentant aucun risque d'explosion, done de blessure de l'utilisateur ou des personnel a son voisi nage, ainsi que d ' une co n ception et d' u ne real isati on Consequently, the first objective of the invention aims at total safety of the user, by proposing a compressed gas storage tank for an autonomous breathing device, robust, therefore presenting no risk of explosion, therefore of injury. of the user or the personnel in his vicinity, as well as a design and a real isati on

economiques.economic.

Un autre objectif de ['invention est de permettre une meilleure mobilite de l'utilisateur, grace a la reduction de masse et de volume de ['ensemble du dispositif autonome de respiration, reduction autorisee par la miniaturisation du reservoir de gaz comprime, miniaturisation rendue impossible dans les dispositifs de l'art anterieur, par la geometric imposee de la Another objective of the invention is to allow better mobility of the user, thanks to the reduction in mass and volume of the entire autonomous breathing device, reduction authorized by the miniaturization of the compressed gas reservoir, miniaturization rendered impossible in the devices of the prior art, by the imposed geometric of the

bouteil le de gaz com prime ou le volume des d ispositifs de tuyaux en rou les. bottle of premium gas or the volume of pipe fittings in rolls.

Pour ce faire, I'invention consiste en une combinaison d'un reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, constitue d'un enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre' en materiau de qualite alimentaire, et d'au moins une cartouche de filtration du gaz expire par l'utilisateur, ladite miniaturisation permettant de resoudre les problemes d'encombrement et de masse lies aux bouteilles de gaz comprime de l'art anterieur. Led it reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime est equipe d'une vanne de remplissage a acces exterieur et qui peut etre rapide si elle est reliee a un clapet anti-retour d'isolation, ce qui le rend rechargeable en fonctionnement en milieu hostile, contrairement a la bouteille To do this, the invention consists of a combination of a miniature compressed gas reservoir for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment, consisting of a tubular winding of small diameter 'made of food-grade material, and at least less a gas filter cartridge expires by the user, said miniaturization making it possible to solve the problems of bulk and mass linked to compressed gas cylinders from the prior art. Led to the miniature compressed gas tank is equipped with a filling valve with external access and which can be quick if it is connected to a non-return isolation valve, which makes it refillable in operation in hostile environment, unlike the bottle

de gaz comprime de l'art anterieur.gas compresses prior art.

Selon les variantes du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime constitue de l'enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre, le probleme supplementaire consistent a disposer d'un dispositif amagnetique pour des applications utilisant un materiel sensible aux forces magnetiques est atteint par la realisation audit reservoir de gaz comprime dans un materiau metallique amagnetique tel que, a titre d'exemple non limitatif; du laiton ou de l'acier According to the variants of the miniaturized compressed gas reservoir constituted by tubular winding of small diameter, the additional problem consisting in having a non-magnetic device for applications using material sensitive to magnetic forces is achieved by the realization of said compressed gas reservoir in a non-magnetic metallic material such as, by way of nonlimiting example; brass or steel

inoxydable, ou dans un materiau non metallique, plastique ou composite. stainless, or in a non-metallic, plastic or composite material.

Le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile est caracterise en ce qu'il est constitue de deux demi-reservoirs relies entre eux par ladite vanne de remplissage a acces exterieur rapide, par l'intermediaire de deux clapets anti retour d'isolation, permettant a l'utilisateur de faire communiquer entre eux les deux demis reservoirs pour n'en faire qu'un lorsque l'on procede au remplissage, meme en fonctionnement en milieu hostile, par l'intermediaire de la vanne de remplissage a acces exterieur rapide et de les maintenir isoles l'un The miniaturized compressed gas tank for autonomous safety breathing device in hostile environment is characterized in that it consists of two half-tanks connected to each other by said filling valve with quick outside access, by means of two valves. non-return of insulation, allowing the user to communicate between them the two half tanks so as to be one when filling is carried out, even in operation in a hostile environment, by means of the valve filling with quick outside access and keep them isolated

de i'autre, le reste du temps.on the other, the rest of the time.

Dans d'autres variantes, ledit reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime est. grace a son faible diametre, enroule autour de la cartouche In other variants, said miniaturized compressed gas reservoir is. thanks to its small diameter, wrapped around the cartridge

(ou de deux demi-cartouches) de filtration du gaz expire par l'utilisateur. (or two half-cartridges) for filtration of the gas expires by the user.

L'invention sera mieux comprise a la lecture de la description The invention will be better understood on reading the description

accompagnant les dessins, dans lesquels: - la figure 1 montre en coupe, le schema d'un reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite; - la fig u re 2 schematise u n reservoir m in iatu rise de gaz com prime pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, objet de ['invention, constituee de deux demi-reservoirs; - la figure 3 explique le montage du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour differents types de dispositifs autonomes de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, dans la version de l'art anterieur et selon ['invention; - la figure 4 montre le schema d'une partie d'un dispositif autonome de respiration de securite, constitue de deux demi-reservoirs, constitue chacun d'un enroulement tubulaire de faIble diametre, autour d'une unique cartouche de filtration du gaz expire par l'utilisateur; - la figure 5 schematise une partie d'un dispositif autonome de respiration de securite, constitue de deux demi-reservoirs, constitue chacun d'un enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre, autour de deux accompanying the drawings, in which: - Figure 1 shows in section, the diagram of a miniature compressed gas tank for autonomous safety breathing device; - Fig u re 2 schematizes a reservoir m in iatu rise of com premium gas for autonomous safety breathing device in hostile environment, object of the invention, consisting of two half-tanks; - Figure 3 explains the assembly of the miniaturized compressed gas reservoir for different types of autonomous safety breathing devices in hostile environments, in the prior art version and according to the invention; - Figure 4 shows the diagram of a part of an autonomous safety breathing device, consisting of two half-tanks, each consisting of a tubular winding of small diameter, around a single filter cartridge for expired gas by the user; - Figure 5 shows schematically part of an autonomous safety breathing device, consisting of two half-tanks, each consisting of a tubular winding of small diameter, around two

demi-cartouches de filtration du gaz expire par l'utilisateur. half-cartridges for gas filtration expire by the user.

La figure 1 montre le schema d'un reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, constitue d'un enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre 2. De preference, dans ['invention, ledit enroulement tubulaire de falble diametre est realise en materiau de qualite alimentaire, metallique, plastique ou composite, realise a partir d'un tube d'une a quelques dizaine(s) de millimetres de FIG. 1 shows the diagram of a miniature compressed gas reservoir 1 for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment, consisting of a tubular winding of small diameter 2. Preferably, in the invention, said tubular winding of falble diameter is made of food grade material, metallic, plastic or composite, made from a tube of one to a few tens of millimeters

diametre et de quelques millimetres d'epaisseur. diameter and a few millimeters thick.

Dans les applications qui ['exigent, afin d 'eviter toute perturbation sur un materiel sensible aux forces magnetiques, le materiau constitutif de l'enroulement de falble diametre 2 du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 est un materiau amagnetique, par exemple un materiau metallique tel que du laiton ou de i'acier inoxydable ou, pour accro'^tre encore l'allegement, un materiau de masse specifique inferieure a celle du metal tel qu 'un materiau In applications which require, in order to avoid any disturbance on a material sensitive to magnetic forces, the material constituting the coil of diameter 2 of the miniaturized compressed gas tank 1 is a nonmagnetic material, for example a metallic material such as brass or stainless steel or, to further increase the weight, a material with a specific mass lower than that of metal such as a material

plastique ou composite.plastic or composite.

Le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1, est relic au milieu ambient, hostile, par une vanne de remplissage a acces exterieur 3, associee a un clapet anti-retour d'isolation 4 pour eviter toute penetration d'eau, de fumee The miniature compressed gas tank 1 is connected to the hostile ambient environment by a filling valve with external access 3, associated with a non-return isolation valve 4 to prevent any penetration of water, smoke

ou d 'air pollue, pendant le remplissage. or polluted air, during filling.

Le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1, permet a l'utilisateur de s'affranchir de la necessite de transporter une bouteille de gaz comprime du type classique, en lui offrant une autonomic respiratoire egale, voire superieure, la pression du gaz comprime dans le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1, pouvant etre superieure a celle utilisee dans les bouteilles de gaz The miniature compressed gas reservoir 1, allows the user to overcome the need to transport a compressed gas cylinder of the conventional type, by offering him an equal or even greater respiratory autonomy, the pressure of the compressed gas in the reservoir compressed gas miniature 1, which may be higher than that used in gas cylinders

comprime utilisees dans de nombreux dispositifs de l'art anterieur. tablets used in many devices of the prior art.

Led it reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 est d'une realisation aisee, par exemple a partir de tubes de faible diametre etires a froid, en materiaux de qualite alimentaire et eventuellement amagnetiques, d 'un faible cout et d'une grande legerete. De plus, il resiste a des pressions superieures a celles utilisees dans les bouteilles de gaz comprime classiques et permet, done The miniature compressed gas tank 1 is easy to make, for example from cold-drawn small diameter tubes, made of food-grade materials and possibly non-magnetic, of low cost and of great lightness. In addition, it withstands pressures higher than those used in conventional compressed gas cylinders and therefore allows

d'accro^'tre, a masse et volume red uits, I'autonomie respiratoire de l'utilisateur. to increase, at reduced mass and volume, the respiratory autonomy of the user.

La figure 2 schematise la variante du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, objet de I'invention, constituee de deux demi-reservoirs (1a, 1b) , relies entre eux par l'intermediaire de la vanne de remplissage avec acces exterieur rapide 3 Figure 2 shows schematically the variant of the miniaturized compressed gas reservoir 1 for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment, object of the invention, consisting of two half-reservoirs (1a, 1b), interconnected by means of the filling valve with quick external access 3

associee a deux clapets anti-retour d'isolation (4a, 4b). associated with two non-return isolation valves (4a, 4b).

La figure 3 explique les applications du reservoir miniaturise de gaz S comprime 1, objet de ['invention, dans differents types de dispositifs autonomes de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, dans la version de l'art anterieur et FIG. 3 explains the applications of the miniature compressed gas reservoir S 1, object of the invention, in different types of autonomous safety breathing devices in hostile environment, in the prior art version and

selon ['invention.according to the invention.

La configuration la plus simple de l'art anterieur est illustree par la vue 3a. Un reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite, comportant une vanne de remplissage avec acces exterieur 3, est relic directement, sans dispositif intermediaire, a un detendeur associe a l'embout respirateur 5 de I 'utilisateur. Cette version du dispositif autonome de respiration de secu rite en milieu hostile ne comporte aucun element de recyclage du gaz expire par l'utilisateur qui est directement rejete The simplest configuration of the prior art is illustrated by view 3a. A miniaturized compressed gas tank 1 for an autonomous safety breathing device, comprising a filling valve with external access 3, is connected directly, without an intermediate device, to a regulator associated with the breathing nozzle 5 of the user. This version of the self-contained breathing apparatus for safety in hostile environments does not include any element for recycling the gas expired by the user which is directly rejected.

dans le milieu ambient.in the ambient environment.

Dans la vue 3b, le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 equipe un dispositif autonome de respiration de securite permettant le recyclage du In view 3b, the miniaturized gas tank compresses 1 team an autonomous safety breathing device allowing the recycling of

gaz expire par l'utiiisateur. Ledit reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 est. gas expires by the user. Said miniaturized compressed gas reservoir 1 is.

dans cette variante, relic a l'embout respirateur 5 de l'utilisateur par I'intermediaire d'un circuit respiratoire, monte en serie avec lui, ou en parallele, et comportant une cartouche de filtration 6 du gaz expire et un sac respiratoire 7. De meme, dans la configuration decrite sur la vue 3b ou dans sa variante, la cartouche de filtration du gaz expire par l'utilisateur 6 peut etre unique ou constituee de deux demies cartouches (6a, 6b), le sac respiratoire 7 pouvant lui, etre monte en serie ou en derivation de ladite cartouche de filtration unique 6 ou des deux demicartouches de filtration (6a, 6b), alors in this variant, connected to the breathing nozzle 5 of the user via a breathing circuit, mounted in series with it, or in parallel, and comprising a filter cartridge 6 for expired gas and a breathing bag 7 Likewise, in the configuration described in view 3b or in its variant, the cartridge for filtering the gas exhaled by the user 6 may be single or made up of two half cartridges (6a, 6b), the respiratory bag 7 being able to , be mounted in series or in derivation of said single filtration cartridge 6 or of the two filtration half-cartridges (6a, 6b), then

disposees preferentiellement de part et d'autre audit sac respiratoire 7. preferably arranged on either side of said respiratory bag 7.

Dans la vue 3c, le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1, constitue de deux demi-reservoirs (1a, 1b) est monte en parallele sur le circuit respiratoire auquel il est relic par une double vanne d'isolation (8a, 8b) disposee entre lui et un double systeme d'injection du gaz dans le circuit respiratoire (9a, 9b) qui assure au sac respiratoire 7 I'apport de gaz frais, par l'intermediaire de la cartouche de filtration 6 ou des demi-cartouches de In view 3c, the miniature compressed gas reservoir 1, consisting of two half-reservoirs (1a, 1b) is mounted in parallel on the respiratory circuit to which it is connected by a double isolation valve (8a, 8b) arranged between him and a double gas injection system in the respiratory circuit (9a, 9b) which ensures the supply of fresh gas to the respiratory bag 7, via the filter cartridge 6 or half-cartridges of

filtration (6a, 6b).filtration (6a, 6b).

Dans toutes les configurations decrites dans la figure 3, le reservoir min iatu rise de gaz com prime 1 vient se substitue r a la boutei lle de g az comprime, lourde et encombrante, utilisee dans les dispositifs de respiration de In all the configurations described in FIG. 3, the minimum iatu gas rise tank com prime 1 comes to replace the compressed, heavy and bulky gas cylinder used in breathing apparatuses.

l'art anterieur.prior art.

S La figure 4 montre le schema d'une partie du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile, constitue d'un enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre 2. Comme dans les variantes precedemment decrites, de preference, ledit enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre 2 est realise en materiau de qualite alimentaire, metallique, plastique ou composite, et est realise a partir d'un tube d'une a quelques dizaine(s) de millimetres de FIG. 4 shows the diagram of a part of the miniature compressed gas reservoir 1 for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment, consisting of a tubular winding of small diameter 2. As in the previously described variants, preferably, said tubular winding of small diameter 2 is made of food grade material, metallic, plastic or composite, and is made from a tube of one to a few tens of millimeters

Comme dans les autres variantes, le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 est relic au milieu ambient, hostile, par une vanne de remplissage a acces exterieur 3, associee a un clapet anti-retour d' isolation 4 pour eviter toute penetration d'eau, de fumee ou d'air pollue, As in the other variants, the miniature compressed gas tank 1 is connected to the hostile ambient environment by a filling valve with external access 3, associated with a non-return isolation valve 4 to avoid any penetration of water, smoke or polluted air,

pendant le remplissage.during filling.

Cependant, la disposition de la presente variante, dans laq uel le led it reservoi r m i n iatu rise de gaz com prime 1 est en rou le a utou r de la cartouche unique de filtration du gaz 6 expire par l'utilisateur permet un gain supplementaire d'encombrement, laissant audit utilisateur une plus grande latitude de deplacement dans les passages etroits ou encombres. La figure 5 schematise une partie du dispositif autonome de respiration de securite, constitue de deux demi-reservoirs (1a et 1b), constitue chacun d'un enroulement tubulaire de faible diametre, enroule autour de deux demi-cartouches de filtration (6a et 6b) du gaz expire par l'utilisateur; les deux demi-reservoirs (1a et 1b) vent relies entre eux par l' i ntermed iai re de la van ne de rem pl issage avec acces exterieu r rapide 3 However, the arrangement of the present variant, in which the led to reservin rmin iatu rise de gaz com prime 1 is in rou le a utou r of the single cartridge for filtration of gas 6 expires by the user allows an additional gain of 'congestion, leaving said user with greater freedom of movement in narrow or congested passages. Figure 5 schematizes part of the autonomous safety breathing device, consists of two half-tanks (1a and 1b), each consists of a tubular winding of small diameter, wrapped around two half-filter cartridges (6a and 6b ) gas expires by the user; the two half-reservoirs (1a and 1b) are connected to each other by the intermediate of the refill van with quick external access 3

3 0 associee a deux clapets anti-reto u r d' isolation (4a et 4b). 3 0 associated with two isolation check valves (4a and 4b).

II est bien evident que la disposition desdits demi-reservoirs miniaturises de gaz comprime (1a et 1b) autour de la cartouche unique de filtration 6 ou des deux demi-cartouches (6a, 6b) du gaz expire par l'utilisateur peut etre utilisee dans tout dispositif de respiration de securite en milieu hostile ou le gain de masse et de volume, comme l'accroissement de securite, de mobilite et de souplesse de l'utilisateur constituent des elements importants, y compris dans des systemes complexes a au moins deux sous-systemes respiratoires independents, It is obvious that the arrangement of said miniature compressed gas half-reservoirs (1a and 1b) around the single filtration cartridge 6 or two half-cartridges (6a, 6b) of the gas exhaled by the user can be used in any safety breathing device in a hostile environment where the gain in mass and volume, such as increased safety, mobility and flexibility of the user are important elements, including in complex systems with at least two cents -independent respiratory systems,

de securite en milieu hostile.security in a hostile environment.

II est bien evident que ledit reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime 1 S peut etre utilise dans tout dispositif de respiration de securite en milieu hostile ou le gain de masse et de volume, comme l'accroissement de securite, de mobilite et de souplesse de l'utilisateur constituent des elements importants, y compris dans des systemes complexes a au moins deux sous-systemes It is obvious that said miniature compressed gas tank 1 S can be used in any safety breathing device in a hostile environment where the gain of mass and volume, such as increased safety, mobility and flexibility of the are important elements, including in complex systems with at least two subsystems

respiratoires independents, de securite en milieu hostile. independent respiratory, security in hostile environment.

Le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour dispositif autonome de respiration de securite en milieu hostile objet de ['invention offre, par rapport a la solution connue de l'art anterieur constitue de la bouteille de gaz comprime classique, de multiples avantages, parmi lesquels les principaux sont: - la securite, en eliminant les risques de blessure de l'utilisateur, grace a la robustesse du reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime, constitue de deux demi-reservoirs; cette disposition limite les consequences d'une eventuelle explosion en raison de la constitution meme audit reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime dont les parois vent minces et resistantes; - I'accroissement de confort, de souplesse, de mobilite et d'agilite de l'utilisateur, grace a la reduction de masse et de volume du dispositif autonome de respiration subaquatique permise, egalement, par la miniaturisation du reservoir de gaz comprime; - la facilite de stockage, de transport, de manutention et d'utilisation, grace au gain de masse et de volume lui aussi obtenu par la miniaturisation du circuit de gaz comprime objet de ['invention; - la versatilite d'utilisation, ledit reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pouvant equiper de nombreux dispositifs autonomes de respiration, soit en lieu et place de la bouteille de gaz comprime de l'art anterieur, soit en permettant de nouvelles applications jusqu'alors impossibles en raison de 3 0 I'encom brement de lad ite boutei lle de gaz com prime; - I'augmentation d'autonomie respiratoire, resultant, a la fois du gain de masse et de volume et de la possibilite d 'accro^'tre la pression du gaz, The miniaturized compressed gas reservoir for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment object of the invention offers, compared to the known solution of the prior art consists of the conventional compressed gas bottle, multiple advantages, among which are: main are: - safety, eliminating the risk of injury to the user, thanks to the robustness of the miniature compressed gas tank, consisting of two half-tanks; this provision limits the consequences of a possible explosion due to the very constitution of said miniature compressed gas reservoir, the walls of which are thin and resistant; - the increase in comfort, flexibility, mobility and agility of the user, thanks to the reduction in mass and volume of the autonomous underwater breathing device also made possible by the miniaturization of the compressed gas reservoir; - The ease of storage, transport, handling and use, thanks to the gain in mass and volume also obtained by the miniaturization of the compressed gas circuit object of the invention; - the versatility of use, said miniature compressed gas reservoir being able to equip numerous autonomous breathing devices, either in place of the compressed gas cylinder of the prior art, or by allowing new applications hitherto impossible in reason for the congestion of this bottle of premium gas; - the increase in respiratory autonomy, resulting, both from the gain in mass and volume and the possibility of increasing the gas pressure,

dans le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime. in the miniature compressed gas tank.

En resume, il est bien evident que le reservoir miniaturise de gaz comprime pour dispositif autonome de respiration, selon ['invention, resout les problemes de securite et d 'autonomic respiratoire, de confort et de souplesse d'utilisation, de manutention audit dispositif a terre comme dans les passages difficiles, pollues ou encombres, en proposant, dans ses diverges variantes et In summary, it is quite obvious that the miniaturized compressed gas reservoir for an autonomous breathing device, according to the invention, solves the problems of safety and respiratory autonomy, comfort and flexibility of use, handling with said device. earth as in difficult passages, polluted or blocked, by proposing, in its different variants and

applications, un appareil allege, versatile, simple et economique a realiser. applications, a lightweight, versatile, simple and economical device to realize.

Ledit reservoir miniaturise de securite peut, ainsi, equiper les dispositifs respiratoires de plongeurs, de pompiers, de secouristes ou de toute personne Said miniature safety tank can thus equip the respiratory devices of divers, firefighters, rescuers or any person

destinee a se deplacer en milieu hostile. intended to move in hostile environment.

II est bien evident que l'homme de l'art pourra combiner les differentes variantes du reservoir miniaturise pour dispositif autonome de respiration subaquatique, objet de ['invention, les employer dans differentes applications ou utiliser des moyens equivalents, sans sortir du cadre de ['invention. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art will be able to combine the different variants of the miniaturized reservoir for an autonomous underwater breathing device, object of the invention, use them in different applications or use equivalent means, without departing from the scope of [ 'invention.

Claims

1 - Miniaturized compressed gas tank (1) for autonomous safety breathing device in hostile environment, consisting of a tubular winding of falble diameter (2), in food grade material, equipped with a filling valve with external access rapid (3) authorizing filling of said miniaturized compressed gas tank (1), characterized in that it consists of two half-tanks (1a, 1b) connected together by said filling valve with quick external access (3) by means of two non-return isolation valves (4a, 4b) allowing, as a result, the connection of said two half tanks (1a, 1b) for filling in operation, even in hostile or [' isolation of one

of them (1a or 1b), the rest of the time.

2 - Miniaturized compressed gas tank (1) for autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubular husk of small diameter (2) is made of a non-magnetic material, light and resistant to gas pressure higher than that used in art compressed gas cylinders

anterior, such as a plastic material.

3. Miniature compressed gas tank (1) for autonomous safety breathing device in hostile environment according to one of the

claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said tubular winding of

small diameter (2) is made of a non-magnetic material, light and resistant to a gas pressure higher than that used in gas cylinders

compresses prior art, such as a composite material.

4. Miniaturized compressed gas tank (1) for an autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment according to one of the

claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it consists of two half

tanks (1a, 1b), wrapped around a single filter cartridge

(6) gas expires by the user.

5. Miniaturized compressed gas tank (1) for autonomous safety breathing device in hostile environment according to one of the

claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it consists of two half

tanks (1a, 1b), wrapped around two half cartridges of

filtration (6a, 6b) of the gas expires by the user.

6. Autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment for gas recycling, characterized in that it comprises a miniaturized reservoir of

compressed gas (1), according to one of claims 1 to 5, connected to the nozzle

respirator (5) of the user by means of a respiratory circuit comprising a filter cartridge (6) of the gas exhaled by said user and a respiratory bag (7), said miniaturized reservoir of compressed gas (1) consists of half-tanks (1a, 1b) being isolated or put in communication with the said respiratory circuit by the intermediary of a double isolation valve (8a, 8b) and a double gas injection system me (9a, 9b) d years led it c r it received respiratory.

7. Autonomous safety breathing device in a hostile environment for gas recycling, composed of at least two independent breathing souls mounted in parallel, and sharing the compressed gas tank (1) consisting of two half-tanks (1 to , 1 b) conform to one of the

claims 1 to 5, said miniature compressed gas reservoir (1a, 1b) being

isolate or put in communication with the respiratory circuit through the intermediary